This study was adapted from Cox et al., (2002) and Vinodkumar & Bhasi (2010) to investigate the relationship between Behavioural Approaches and Safety Management Practices among oil and gas workers particularly in one of the FSO company services in Peninsular Malaysia. Thus, it’s not represented the whole organization or whole oil and gas industry. It is beneficial if the future researchers to conduct a study within oil and gas workers in Malaysia specifically focuses on offshore workers. As a result, the data might be analysed to discover distinct perspectives or perceptions from other businesses.
59 5.7 Conclusion
The present study is a systematic understanding of the effectiveness of behavioural approaches on the safety management practices of the oil and gas workers. A total of 100 participants were selected for the present study. A well-developed questionnaire was given to the participants to collect the primary data from the respondents. In the conclusion part of the study, the present findings help to attract the eyes of the policymakers and industrialists to take further steps on the safety issues of the workers and workplace improvements. This study also highlighted that organisation need to focus on several dimensions of behavioural approaches at the workplace to improve their safety management and implementation. As a result, an organisation will have a safer workplace and good safety behaviour of the employees.
60
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67
APPENDICES
APPENDIX A: COLLECTION OF DATA FOR RESEARCH PURPOSES
68 APPENDIX B: QUESTIONNAIRE SURVEY
SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRE, ENGLISH VERSION
College of Business Universiti Utara Malaysia Sintok, Kedah Darul Aman
Dear Sir/Madam
I am Hairunnisa Binti A. Ghani, a Master of Science (Occupational Safety & Health Management) student from Universiti Utara Malaysia, currently conducting research entitled “BEHAVIORAL APPROACHES TO SAFETY MANAGEMENT PRACTICES AMONG OIL & GAS WORKERS.” In endeavouring to conduct this research, data will be collected from one oil & gas company in Peninsular Malaysia.
Kindly complete the questionnaire enclosed. I assure you that it will not take longer than 20 minutes. Your cooperation will improve behavioural approaches to safety management practices in your organization, Malaysia’s Oil & Gas Industry, and other work sectors that implement the same program.
All data provided will be confidential and will only be used for this academic research.
Thank you for your kind cooperation.
Your sincerely.
HAIRUNNISA BINTI A GHANI Matric No: 827313
College of Business
University Utara Malaysia (UUM) 06010 Sintok,
Kedah Darul Aman.
+6017 - 969 9379, nisaaghani@gmail.com
69 PART 1: DEMOGRAPHIC INFORMATION
Please tick (√) in the appropriate box or fill the space provided.
No. Item
1. Gender Male Female
2. Age
20 – 30 years old 31 – 40 years old 41 – 50 years old 51 – 60 years old
3. Highest education level
SPM / Certificate of Competency Diploma
Bachelor Degree Master Degree PhD.
Others (Please Specify:
...)
4. Position Level in Company
Non-Executive Executive / Engineer
Manager / Senior manager / Head of Department Top Management
Others (Please Specify:
...)
70 BEHAVIOURAL APPROACHES
PART 2A: IMPACT & USE OF FEEDBACK
Please tick (√) in the appropriate box to indicate your level of agreement for each statement below.
No. Statement Strongly
Disagree Disagree Neutral Agree Strongl Agree y 1. Management knows how to
handle with consequence of observations.
1 2 3 4 5
2. Safety problems are quickly
resolved. 1 2 3 4 5
3. Behavioural Approaches
improved positive opinion. 1 2 3 4 5
4. Behavioural Approaches increase employee interaction with the supervisors.
1 2 3 4 5
5. Behavioural Approaches
increase awareness. 1 2 3 4 5
6. Behavioural Approaches has
improved employee skills. 1 2 3 4 5
7. Behavioural Approaches
improved communication. 1 2 3 4 5
8. Behavioural Approaches does
motivate employees. 1 2 3 4 5
9. Behavioural Approaches helps in the changing of employee attitudes.
1 2 3 4 5
10. Behavioural Approaches is beneficial because it allows employees to share their knowledge and experience.
1 2 3 4 5
71 BEHAVIOURAL APPROACHES
PART 2B: MAINTENANCE AND SUSTAINABILITY
Please tick (√) in the appropriate box to indicate your level of agreement for each statement below.
No. Statement Strongly
Disagree Disagree Neutral Agree Strongly Agree 1. When changes occur
within the organisation, Behavioural Approaches are maintained.
1 2 3 4 5
2. Behavioural Approaches has improved employee driven solution.
1 2 3 4 5
3. Behavioural Approaches has provided opportunities for all workers to participate.
1 2 3 4 5
4. Behavioural Approaches has increased the role of safety.
1 2 3 4 5
5. Behavioural Approaches are helpful in maintaining site safety.
1 2 3 4 5
BEHAVIOURAL APPROACHES PART 2C: MOVEMENT & TRUST
Please tick (√) in the appropriate box to indicate your level of agreement for each statement below.
No. Statement Strongly
Disagree Disagree Neutral Agree Strongly Agree 1. Behavioural Approaches
must be built on a relationship of trust.
1 2 3 4 5
2. Behavioural Approaches are important in improving safety.
1 2 3 4 5
3. Behavioural Approaches are helpful in maintaining site safety.
1 2 3 4 5
72 BEHAVIOURAL APPROACHES
PART 2D: MANAGEMENT INFLUENCE
Please tick (√) in the appropriate box to indicate your level of agreement for each statement below.
No. Statement Strongly
Disagree Disagree Neutral Agree Strongly Agree 1. Management presence is
essential for Behavioural Approaches to succeed.
1 2 3 4 5
2. Effective leadership is important in improving safety.
1 2 3 4 5
3. Behavioural Approaches are helpful in maintaining site safety.
1 2 3 4 5
73 SAFETY MANAGEMENT PRACTICES PART 3A: SAFETY KNOWLEDGE
Please tick (√) in the appropriate box to indicate your level of agreement for each statement below.
No. Statement Strongly
Disagree Disagree Neutral Agree Strongly Agree 1. I know how to perform my
job safely. 1 2 3 4 5
2. I know how to use safety
equipment such as PPE. 1 2 3 4 5
3. I understand safety
procedures at work. 1 2 3 4 5
4. I received adequate safety training such as hazard identification.
1 2 3 4 5
5. I know how to reduce
accidents risks at work. 1 2 3 4 5
6. I know what to do and whom to report if a potential hazard is noticed in my workplace.
1 2 3 4 5
7. I know how to keep or
improve workplace health and safety.
1 2 3 4 5
8. I know that workplace safety
is top priority at work. 1 2 3 4 5
9. I know that reporting unsafe act or unsafe condition can prevent workplace accident.
1 2 3 4 5
74 SAFETY MANAGEMENT PRACTICES
PART 3B: SAFETY COMPLIANCE & PARTICIPATION
Please tick (√) in the appropriate box to indicate your level of agreement for each statement below.
No. Statement Strongly
Disagree Disagree Neutral Agree Strongly Agree 1. I will report unsafe act or
unsafe condition that could cause accident in the workplace.
1 2 3 4 5
2. I will stop work if I feel unsafe doing the job or if I see unsafe condition.
1 2 3 4 5
3. If my co-workers behave in unsafe manner, I will intervene.
1 2 3 4 5
4. If there is any safety-related issue in my workplace, I immediately report to management.
1 2 3 4 5
5. When I do my job, I follow
safety rules and procedures. 1 2 3 4 5
6. I always wear Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) correctly at work.
1 2 3 4 5
7. I encourage my co-workers to
do their job safely. 1 2 3 4 5
8. I help my co-workers when they are working under risky or hazardous conditions.
1 2 3 4 5
9. My supervisor encourages
safe behaviours at work. 1 2 3 4 5
10. My supervisor discusses safety issues with other workers.
1 2 3 4 5
75
SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRE, MALAY VERSION
Pusat Pengajian Pascasiswazah Perniagaan Universiti Utara Malaysia
Sintok, Kedah Darul Aman Encik/Puan,
Saya Hairunnisa Binti A. Ghani, seorang pelajar Ijazah Sarjana Sains (Pengurusan Keselamatan dan Kesihatan Perkerjaan) dari Universiti Utara Malaysia pada masa ini menjalankan satu kajian bertajuk “PENDEKATAN TINGKAH LAKU TERHADAP AMALAN PENGURUSAN KESELAMATAN DALAM KALANGAN PEKERJA MINYAK & GAS.” Data akan dikumpul daripada sebuah syarikat minyak & gas terpilih di Semenanjung Malaysia.
Sila lengkapkan soal selidik yang disertakan. Saya memberi jaminan bahawa ia tidak akan mengambil masa lebih daripada 20 minit. Kerjasama anda akan menambah baik pendekatan tingkah laku terhadap amalan pengurusan keselamatan dalam organisasi anda, Industri Minyak & Gas Malaysia dan sektor kerja lain yang melaksanakan program yang sama.
Semua data yang diberikan adalah sulit dan ia akan digunakan untuk kajian akademik sahaja.
Terima kasih di atas kerjasama anda.
Yang benar,
HAIRUNNISA BINTI A GHANI No Matrik: 827313
Pusat Pengajian Pascasiswazah Perniagaan, Universiti Utara Malaysia (UUM)
06010 Sintok, Kedah Darul Aman.
+6017 – 969 9379, nisaaghani@gmail.com
76 BAHAGIAN 1: MAKLUMAT DEMOGRAFI
Sila tandakan (√) ruangan berkaitan yang disediakan di bawah.
No. Subjek
1. Jantina Lelaki Perempuan
2. Umur 20 – 30 tahun
31 – 40 tahun 41 – 50 tahun 51 – 60 tahun
3. Peringkat Pendidikan Tertinggi
SPM / Sijil Kemahiran Diploma
Ijazah Sarjana Muda Ijazah Sarjana PhD.
Lain – lain (Sila Nyatakan: ...)
4. Jawatan di syarikat
Bukan Eksekutif Eksekutif / Jurutera Pegawai / Ketua Jabatan Pihak Atasan
Lain – lain (Sila Nyatakan: ...)
77
PENDEKATAN TINGKAH LAKU KESELAMATAN
BAHAGIAN 2A: IMPAK & PENGGUNAAN MAKLUM BALAS
Sila tandakan (√) pada ruang yang disediakan untuk menunjukkan tahap persetujuan anda bagi setiap pernyataan di bawah.
No. Penyataan Sangat
Tidak Setuju
Tidak
Setuju Neutral Setuju Sangat Setuju 1. Pihak Pengurusan tahu bagaimana
untuk mengendalikan pemerhatian atau isu keselamatan di tempat kerja.
1 2 3 4 5
2. Pihak Pengurusan selesaikan masalah keselamatan dengan cepat.
1 2 3 4 5
3. Pendekatan Tingkah Laku Keselamatan di tempat kerja diterima baik dan beri kesan positif.
1 2 3 4 5
4. Pendekatan Tingkah Laku Keselamatan meningkatkan interaksi antara pekerja dan penyelia.
1 2 3 4 5
5. Pendekatan Tingkah Laku Keselamatan di tempat kerja meningkatkan kesedaran tentang keselamatan.
1 2 3 4 5
6. Pendekatan Tingkah Laku Keselamatan meningkatkan kemahiran pekerja.
1 2 3 4 5
7. Pendekatan Tingkah Laku Keselamatan meningkatkan komunikasi di tempat kerja.
1 2 3 4 5
8. Pendekatan Tingkah Laku Keselamatan memberi motivasi kepada pekerja.
1 2 3 4 5
9. Pendekatan Tingkah Laku Keselamatan membantu mengubah sikap pekerja.
1 2 3 4 5
78 10. Pendekatan Tingkah Laku
Keselamatan bermanfaat kerana ia membolehkan pekerja
berkongsi pengetahuan dan pengalaman mereka.
1 2 3 4 5
PENDEKATAN TINGKAH LAKU KESELAMATAN
BAHAGIAN 2B: PENYELENGGARAAN DAN KEMAMPANAN
Sila tandakan (√) pada ruang yang disediakan untuk menunjukkan tahap persetujuan anda bagi setiap pernyataan di bawah.
No. Penyataan Sangat
Tidak Setuju
Tidak
Setuju Neutral Setuju Sangat Setuju
1. Apabila pihak pengurusan berubah di dalam organisasi, Pendekatan Tingkah Laku Keselamatan dikekalkan.
1 2 3 4 5
2. Pendekatan Tingkah Laku Keselamatan mendorong pekerja melakukan pekerjaan dengan baik.
1 2 3 4 5
3. Pendekatan Tingkah Laku Keselamatan memberi peluang kepada semua pekerja untuk mengambil bahagian dalam isu keselamatan di tempat kerja.
1 2 3 4 5
4. Pendekatan Tingkah Laku Keselamatan meningkatkan peranan keselamatan di antara pekerja.
1 2 3 4 5
5. Tingkah Laku Keselamatan pekerja dapat mengekalkan persekitaran kerja yang selamat.
1 2 3 4 5
79
PENDEKATAN TINGKAH LAKU KESELAMATAN BAHAGIAN 2C: GERAKKAN & AMANAH
Sila tandakan (√) pada ruang yang disediakan untuk menunjukkan tahap persetujuan anda bagi setiap pernyataan di bawah.
No. Penyataan Sangat
Tidak Setuju
Tidak
Setuju Neutral Setuju Sangat Setuju
1. Pendekatan Tingkah Laku Keselamatan di tempat kerja mesti dibina atas hubungan kepercayaan.
1 2 3 4 5
2. Pendekatan Tingkah Laku Keselamatan pekerja penting dalam meningkatkan persekitaran kerja yang selamat.
1 2 3 4 5
3. Pendekatan Tingkah Laku Keselamatan pekerja dapat mengekalkan persekitaran kerja yang selamat.
1 2 3 4 5
PENDEKATAN TINGKAH LAKU KESELAMATAN BAHAGIAN 2D: PENGARUH PENGURUSAN
Sila tandakan (√) pada ruang yang disediakan untuk menunjukkan tahap persetujuan anda bagi setiap pernyataan di bawah.
No. Penyataan Sangat
Tidak Setuju
Tidak
Setuju Neutral Setuju Sangat Setuju
1. Kehadiran dan sokongan pihak pengurusan adalah penting untuk Pendekatan Tingkah Laku Keselamatan pekerja.
1 2 3 4 5
2. Kepimpinan yang berkesan adalah penting dalam meningkatkan keselamatan.
1 2 3 4 5
3. Pendekatan Tingkah Laku Keselamatan pekerja dapat mengekalkan persekitaran kerja yang selamat.
1 2 3 4 5
80 AMALAN PENGURUSAN KESELAMATAN
BAHAGIAN 3A: PENGETAHUAN AM KESELAMATAN
Sila tandakan (√) pada ruang yang disediakan untuk menunjukkan tahap persetujuan anda bagi setiap pernyataan di bawah.
No. Penyataan Sangat
Tidak Setuju
Tidak
Setuju Neutral Setuju Sangat Setuju
1. Saya tahu cara melaksanakan
tugas saya dengan selamat. 1 2 3 4 5
2. Saya tahu menggunakan peralatan keselamatan seperti PPE.
1 2 3 4 5
3. Saya memahami prosedur
keselamatan di tempat kerja. 1 2 3 4 5
4. Saya menerima latihan keselamatan yang mencukupi seperti pengenalan bahaya.
1 2 3 4 5
5. Saya tahu cara mengurangkan risiko kemalangan di tempat kerja.
1 2 3 4 5
6. Saya tahu apa yang perlu dilakukan dan laporkan kepada siapa jika terdapat potensi bahaya tempat kerja saya.
1 2 3 4 5
7. Saya tahu cara menjaga atau meningkatkan kesihatan dan keselamatan tempat kerja.
1 2 3 4 5
8. Saya tahu bahawa keselamatan adalah keutamaan di tempat kerja.
1 2 3 4 5
9. Saya tahu bahawa melaporkan perbuatan tidak selamat atau keadaan tidak selamat boleh mengelakkan kemalangan di tempat kerja.
1 2 3 4 5
81 AMALAN PENGURUSAN KESELAMATAN
BAHAGIAN 3B: PEMATUHAN & PENYERTAAN KESELAMATAN
Sila tandakan (√) pada ruang yang disediakan untuk menunjukkan tahap persetujuan anda bagi setiap pernyataan di bawah.
No. Penyataan Sangat
Tidak Setuju
Tidak
Setuju Neutral Setuju Sangat Setuju
1. Saya akan melaporkan perbuatan tidak selamat atau keadaan tidak selamat yang boleh menyebabkan kemalangan di tempat kerja.
1 2 3 4 5
2. Saya akan berhenti kerja jika saya rasa tidak selamat
melakukan kerja atau jika saya nampak keadaan tidak selamat.
1 2 3 4 5
3. Jika rakan sekerja saya
berkelakuan tidak selamat, saya akan campur tangan dan
menegur.
1 2 3 4 5
4. Jika terdapat sebarang isu berkaitan keselamatan di tempat kerja saya, saya segera
melaporkan kepada pihak pengurusan atau penyelia.
1 2 3 4 5
5. Apabila saya melakukan kerja saya, saya mengikut peraturan dan prosedur keselamatan.
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6. Saya sentiasa memakai Alat Pelindung Diri (PPE) dengan betul di tempat kerja
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7. Saya menggalakkan rakan sekerja saya untuk melakukan kerja mereka dengan selamat.
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8. Saya membantu rakan sekerja saya apabila mereka bekerja dalam keadaan berisiko atau berbahaya.
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