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targeted respondents. All construct’s questions are measured in the form of 5-Point Likert scale (1 = strongly disagree and 5 = strongly agree) and SPSS software was used in this research to carry out the regression model and correlations test.
3.2 Sampling Design
3.2.1 Target Population
The targeted population of this study is the women in Malaysia, regardless of their age, education level, marital status or their employment status. The main purpose of the targeted population is to study the intention of women in involving themselves in entrepreneurial activities. 230 sets of questionnaires were distributed and a total of 227 responses were collected. 6 of them were filled by male respondents, hence, only 221 of the responses are eligible and the data collected from male respondents are not usable.
3.2.2 Sampling Frame and Sampling Location
Sampling frame is a collection of units from which a sample was taken and every unit in the sampling frame has the same probability of being selected and appearing in the sample.
As a result, the focus of this research study's sample frame will be on the women in Malaysia.
Sampling location of this study is the entire Malaysia. Google forms were distributed online and are stated to be filled by women in Malaysia.
3.2.3 Sampling Elements
The sampling population of this research study is women in Malaysia. Therefore, the targeted respondents are Malaysia’s women who are able to read and understand the survey
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questions, even if they are under 18 years old. This is because everyone has equal rights to have the intention of becoming an entrepreneur or to start their own firm.
3.2.4 Sampling Technique
The sampling technique adopted in this research study is convenience sampling. In this sampling, all responses that were collected are to be analysed as long as the participants are willing to take part in the survey and useful information can be acquired through this technique. Hence, the distribution of survey forms is the most efficient way of collecting data to be analysed.
3.2.5 Sampling Size
A sample size of 30 to 500 respondents is sufficient and is the most appropriate number for doing research (Roscoe, 1975) and according to GreatBrook (n.d.), it is proven that 200 number of responses collected is able to give a fairly high level of survey accuracy in the research study. Hence, 230 of online questionnaire survey forms were distributed, 227 responses were received and 221 response sets are valid to be analysed.
Table 3.1 Responding Rate
Targeted Population
Questionnaires
Responding Rate (%) Distributed Received Invalid Valid
200 - 250 230 227 6 221 97.36%
Source: Questionnaire’s Result
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3.3 Data Collection Methods
Data collection is the process of gathering, measuring, and analysing reliable insights for analysis with the adoption of standard validated techniques. The primary data will be used to study on the factors affecting the entrepreneurial intention of women in Malaysia in this research project. As a result, primary data will be utilised to gather information as it is more reliable and has a higher level of accuracy.
3.3.1 Primary Data
The process of acquiring data through questionnaires, interviewing, or experiments is known as primary data collection. A notable example of this approach is household questionnaires. Researchers can directly ensure that primary data meets the reliability, availability, level of precision, and sample criteria for a specific research topic using this method of data collection. The questionnaire is divided into 3 sections, demographic information, dependent variables and independent variables. The questionnaire survey form will be in the form of Google Forms and will be distributed to 230 women respondents in Malaysia. The survey form will be shared via social media applications such as WhatsApp, Instagram Story, Instagram Direct Message, Facebook Messenger, and RED. The whole research study’s data collection will be conducted online as the Covid-19 cases in Malaysia are rising daily and it is dangerous to be exposing to the respondents and collecting the information physically. Therefore, it is recommended to obtain data via online to be safer and to protect ourselves.
3.4 Construct Measurement
3.4.1 Origins of Construct Measurement
The applied measurement for the entire questionnaire in Section B and C. Table 3.4.1 below presents the source of the constructs that were adapted from.
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Table 3.2 Origin of Construct Measurement
Variables Sourced from
Family Support Adil & Chakranarayan, (2021); Agarwal et al., (2020); Mamun et al., (2017)
Environmental Influences Ngoc Khuong & Huu An, (2016); Miranda et al., (2017)
Women’s Self Independence Saeed et al., (2014); Amanamah et al., (2018) Entrepreneurial Self-efficacy Shi et al., (2019)
Entrepreneurial Attitude Miranda et al., (2017); Trivedi, (2016) Women’s Entrepreneurial Intention Kabir et al., (2017)
Source: Developed from the Research Project
3.5 Proposed Data Analysis Tool
Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) data software is used in this research study to analyse the data collected from the respondents. It is a software developed by IBM that allows researchers to carry out analysis for complex statistical data. Besides that, it is also a very strong tool for altering and understanding survey data and any data that were collected from any online survey can be extracted and exported to SPSS for a full analysis of the information gathered. The statistical technique used in this research project is inferential statistics as it is used to make contrast of the experimental groups and make conclusions about the greater population of participants, by collecting data from the sample of population in the research. We collected a total of 221 usable data and made assumptions on the population based on the samples gathered.
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