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T h e J o u r n a l o f
WTLDLIFE
and PARKS
JouRru+ Or Wtoure ANo Pnnrs
Published by Department of Wildlife and National Parks (DWNP) Peninsular Malaysia Printed by UNICATION SDN BHD
Printed 2009
Aovrson
Dato' Abd. Rasid Samsudin Director General
Department of Wildlife and National Parks Cxrnpensou
Misliah Mohamad Basir Deputy Director General I
Department of Wildlife and National Parks Eomonlu-Cnter
Sivananthan Ellagupilay Department of Wildlife and National Parks
Eorronrll Bolno Saharudin Anan
Department of Wildlife and National Parks B u r h a n u d d i n M o h d . N o r
Department of Wildlife and National Parks Zainal Zahari Zainuddin
Department of Wildlife and National Parks Tajuddin Mohd. Abdullah
Universiti Malaysia Sarawak Shukor Md. Nor
Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
General correspondence:
Director General
Department of Wildlife and National Parks
KM 10, Jalan Cheras, 56100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Tel: 03-90866800 Fax: 03-90752873 Email: pakp@wildlife.gov.my
Website: www.wildlife.gov.my
Jounltal Or Wr-olrre AHo Panrs
Vol 25 (2008) rssN 0127-8126
Corureltrs pace
Norhayaii, A., Abdul Rahman, M.R., Juliana, S., Daicus, B. & Chan, K.O,
A Checklist ofAmphibians at Taman Negara Kelantan National park, 1-7 Kuala Koh, Peninsular Malaysia
Azman Othman, Siti Hawa Yatim, Norazlinda A. Razak, & Nor Azinizi Azimat
Distribution of Edible-Nest Swifttet (Aerodramus fuciphagus) Bird 8-11 House in Peninsular Malaysia
Azman Othman & Siti Hawa Yatim
Note on Mating Behavior of the Edible-Nest Swiftlet (Aerodramus 12-js fuciphagus)
Jeffrine Japning Rovie-Ryan, Carl Traeholt, MarilynJaoi E., Zainal Zahari Zainuddin, Khairiah Mohd Shariff, Sivananthan Elagupillay, Mohd. Farouk M.Y., Aniqa Akhtar Abdullah, & Cornelia C.S.
Sequence Variation in Malayan Tapir (Tapirus indicus) Inferred Using 16-19 Partial Sequences ofthe Cytochrome b Segment ofthe Mitochondrial
D N A
Jeffrine Japning Rovie-Ryan, Siti Salwa bt. Hasmoni, Hajar Fauzan A., Sofie S., Che Husain Che Pa, & Wan tsmail
A Checklist of Fish Species from Two Feeder Streams ofTasik Kenyir: 19-22 Sungai Tembat and Sungai Ketiar of Hulu Terengganu, Terengganu
Jeffrine Japning Rovie-Ryan, Marilyn-Jaoi E., Saharuddin M. Nazri &
Sivananthan Elagupillay
Checklist of Fish Specimens in the Zoological Museum of Institute for 2Z-29 Biodiversity (lBD), Bukit Rengit, Lanchang, Pahang of Department of
Wildlife and National Parks (DWNP)
Jeffrine Japning Rovie-Ryan1'r, Kelvin Pudun Dennis3, yuzine B. Esaa,s, Khairul Adha A. Rahim3, Zaidi lbrahim3, Zulkifli B. Ahmad3, Marilyn.Jaoi E.
Notes on Hampala (Cyprininae) Distribution from Six Localities in 29-j2
Sabah
Jounr,rAr Or WnoupB Awo P.cnrs, (2008) 25: l-7
A CnscKlrsr OF AlrpnrnrlNs Ar Tnnn,lN NEGARA Knr,lNr,lN Nnrroxll, Plm. Ku,q'r,l Kon. PnNTNSULAR
Mlllvsr,r.
*Norhayati, A.1, 2, Abdul Rahqran, $.r\.1, Juliana, S.2, Daicus, B.2,3, &
Chan, K.O.2
rSchool of Environment & Natual Resource Sciences. Faculty of Science & Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
2lnstitute for Environment &Development (LESTARI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, MalaYsia
3lnstitute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala LumPur,Malaysia
xCoresponding author email: noryati@ukm.my
ABSTRACT - Su eys on amphibians were conducted at Taman Negara Kelantan National Park, Kuala Koh, on two occasions: 24'h-26th April 2005 and on the 23'd-26'h September 2005. Sampling was done actively at nightusing headlights, and caught by hand. Locaiities included the base camp and along Sungai Koh. A total of 120 frogs werecaptured,81 in the first survey and 39 in the second su ey. Total catch comprised of 18 species in 11 genera and six families. Ranidae was the mostrepresented with 44 ftogs (37Eo.), closely followed by Dicroglossidae with 43 frogs (367o). The most frequently caught species was Fejerva rya limnocharis, foTlowed by Odorrana hosii, and Phrynoidis aspera.
Keywords: Amphibian, survey, annotated checklist, Taman Negara Kelantan National Park, Kuala Koh.
ABSTRAK-Dua tinjauan telah dijalankan di Taman Negara Kelantan, Kuala Koh masing-rnasing pada 24hb-26hh AprTl2005 dan 23hb-26hb September 2005. Persampelan dijalankan secara aktif pada waktu malam dengan menggunakan lampu suluh kepala, dan haiwan ditangkap dengan tangan. Kawasan yang ditinjau ialah di kawasan khemah utama dan sepanjang Sungai Koh. S€jumlah 120 haiwan telah ditangkap, 81 haiwan semasa tinjauan pertama dan 39 semasa tinjauan kedua. Jumlah tangtapan merangkumi 18 spesies daripada 11 genus dan enam famili. Ranidae paling banyak diwakili dengan bilangan haiwan sebanyak 44 ekor (37Va), diikuti dengan Dicroglossidae iaitu sebanyak 43 haiwan (367,). Spesies yang paling banyak ditangkap ialah Fejenarya limnocharis, diikuti oleh OdorrQna hosii dan Phrynoidis aspera.
Kata kunci: Amfibia, survei, senarai semak, Taman Negara Kelantan, Kuala Koh
INrnooucrroN
Taman Negara National Park is the largest protected area in Peninsular Malaysia with an area of 4343 km2. The Park is located in thrce states: Kelantan, Pahang and Terengganu. Taman Negara Pahang National Park is the largest of the
Taman Negara National Park area, covering about 24'7'7 krnz (5'7qa of the area of the Taman Negara National Park), followed by Taman Negara Kelantan National Park. with an area of 1043 l<m2 (24Vo) and Taman Negara Terengganu with total area of 853 km'?. Although Taman Negara National Park was established in 1938, research on its amphibians is very limited (Boulenger,
NORHAYAT ET AL. / AMPHIBIANS OF TAMAN NEGARA KELANTAN NATIONAL PARK
1908; Boulenger, 1912; Smith, 1922; Bullock, 1963; Berry, 19751 Kiew, 1985; Kiew, 1990).
The study aims to provide a list of the amphibians occurring in Kuala Koh, as a reference point for future studies in this area.
Mlrnnrar-s ANo MBrHoos
Study sites
Taman Negara Kelantan National Park (TNKNP) is drained by Sungai (Sg.) Koh and Sg. Melimau, both of which drain into Ss. Lebir. The entrance into the TNKNP is througli- Kuala Koh, which is located about 86 km from Gua Musang. Land use around the area is mainly palm oil plantations.
Localities of sampling included the base camp at about 4"52'14.20"N; 1020 26'17.87"F, and along Sg. Koh main river, at the junction of Sg.
Kting (4" 51'23.26"N; 102'26'14.,14"E) and Sg.
Tembong (4'52'1 1.16"N: lO2'26'20.48'E). All sites are within 100 m above sea level (asl).
Sampling methotl
Amphibian suryeys were conducted on two occasions: 246-26th Aoil2005 and on the 23d- 26'h September 2005. Amphibians were searched actively at night using headlights, and caught by hand. A standard nomenclature of the Amphibian Tree of Life was used for the identification of the specimens (Frcst et ql.,20061 Frost, 2007).
Specimens were individually photographed, measured for snout-vent and tibia lensths. and euthanized using Tricaine tEthyl 3-ami noibenzoate methane sulfonate salt; CeHr lNOr.CI{O3S).
Liver biopsies were taken and preserued in 957o ethanol. Whole snecimens were fixed in 107o formalin for at least 24 hours. In the laboratory, specimens were rinsed with water, soaked overnight, washed again with water before stored in 707o ethanol. All specimens were deposited at the Zoological Museum, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.
Rpsur,rs
A total of 120 individuals were caDtured and recorded either as photographs and./or voucher specimens. They comprised of 18 species from six families: one bufonid, four dicroglossid, six ranid, one megophryid, two rhacophorids, and four microhylid species (Table 1). The most frequent catch was Fejervarya limnocharis, which was about 2770 of the total catch, followed by Odorrana hosii (247o), and Phrynoidis aspera (97o). Singletons tnclruded Limnonectes kuhlii, Hylarana nigrovittata, H. picturata, H. labialis, Leptobrachium hendricksoni, and Microhyla berdmorei. Notes on the ecology and conservation status of each species, which follows the IUCN, Conservation Intemational- and Natureserye (2004), are provided below:
CHECKLIST OF AMPHIBIANS AT KUALA KOH, TAMAN NEGARA KELANTAN
NATIONAI- PARK BUFONIDAE
Phrynoidis aspera (Grayenhorst, 1829):
Gravenhorst, J. L. 1829:58 River toad
A total of 11 individuals were counted along the Sg. Koh riverbank during the flrst survey (No individual were recorded during the second survey). They were also found at the perimeter of the chalet and the office buildings of the park.
No specimen was prepared because it was not a necessity and it is an easy to identify specimen.
Nevertheless, a photograph was taken (Plate 1A).
Taxonomy for Phrynoidis aspera (Bufo asper) follows Frost et al. (2006). IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Least Concem.
DICROGLOSSIDAE Fejenarya limnocharis: Grass frog Fejervarya limnocheris (Gravenhorst, 1829):
Deliciae Musei Zoolosici Vratislaviensis.
Fasciculus pflzas. Chelonia et Barachia. Fasc.
l. All encounters with this soecies were at the perimeter of the chalet and the office building, Specimens were caught on the 26d April 2005 and on the 23'd SeDtember 2005 ruKMHC0083- 0085, 0095-0096) lPlate 1B). IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Least Concem.
Limnonectes blythii: Blyth's river frog Limnonectes blythii (Botiengel 1920): Records of the Indian Museum 20: l-226. An individual was caught on the 26th April 2005 but escaped, and on the 24'h September 2005, four specimens were caught at Sg. Koh (UKMHC 0100, 0103- 0105) (Plate lC). Specimens were caught in shallow waters and on riverbank of sand, gravel, and pebbles, usually in sections of streams where the water is not very fast-flowing. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Near Threatened.
Limnonectes kuhlii: Kuhl's stream frog Limnonectes kuhlii (Tschudi, 1838): Mdmoires de la Soci6t6 des Sciences Naturelles de Neuchatel 2:
l-99. An individual was caught on the 26'r April 2005 in shallow water of a creek with sandy and gravel bank. Specimen was only photographed (Plate 1D). IUCN Red List ofThreatened Species:
Least Concem.
O c cidozy ga laevis : Yellnw -bellied putklk fro g Occidozyga laevis (Giinther, 1859): Cat. Batr.
NORHAYATI ET AT. / AMPT BIANS OF TAMAN NEGARA KELANTAN NATIONAL PARK
Sal. British Mus.:7; Pl. 1. Specimens were caught on the 26b April 2005 and 25'h September 2005, in the swampy area near the entrance to the park.
Specimen was only phorographed (Plate lE).
IICN Red Lisr of threatineb Species: Least Concem.
RANIDAE
Hylarana glanilul.os a :,Rough sided frog/w ater
dogHylarana glandulosa (Boulenger, 1882): Cat.
Batr. Sal. British Mus.: 73. Six specimens were caught and released on the 26d April 2005 during the boat ride along Sg. Koh; on the 25th September 2005, one specimen was caught andreleased into a swamp near the entuance of the park. The presence of this lowland species (Inger et al., 2006) is evident through its calls, which is a single loud note of "WAK" produced repeatedly. Specimen was only photographed (Plate 1F). IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Least Concem.
caughr on the 266 April 2005 and subsequently released during the boat ride along Sg. Koh.
Specimen was onlv photographed (Plate 1G).
ttlcN Red List of fhreatEned Species: Least Concern.
Hy larana labialis : White-lipped fro g Hylarana raniceps (Peters, 1871): Monatsber.
Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, 1871: 580. One specimen was caught on the 266 April 2005 in Sg.
Koh. Soecimen was not collected. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Least Concem.
Hllarana. picturata: Spofied stream ftog Hylarana picturatq (Boulenger, 1920): Rec.
Indian Mus., 20: 179. One specimen was caught on the 26'h April 2005 at Sg. Koh. Specimen was not collected. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Least Concern.
H umerana miopus : Diagonal-lined fro g
Hyrarananisrovittata: Btaek-stripeitfrog (:f"{##,Ti,{l'rf*:ti!}il"l,?*i"1i#'i;
Hylarana nigrovittata (Blyth, 1856): Records of Sg. Koh on the 26'h April 2005.
the lndian Museum 20: l-226. One specimen was TABLE 1
List of amphibian species recorded during both surveys at Kuala Koh.
No. Family/Species lst su ey 2nd survey Total (Ea)
3 (2.s) 1 ( 0 . 8 ) 3 (2.s) s (4.2) 9
4 5 3 2
5 3 2 ,
1 1I I
1 6 1 I 1
26
I I
1 1 5
1
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 0 l 1 t 2 1 3 t4
Bufonidae
Phrynoiclis aspera (Gravenhorst, 1829) Dicroglossidae
Fejemarya limnocharis (Gravenhorst, 1 829) Limnonectes blythii (Boulenger, 1920) Limnonectes kuhlii (Tschudi, 1838) Occido4ga laevis (Giinther, 1859) Ranidae
Humerana miopus (Boulenger, l9l8) Hylarana glandulosa (Boulenger, I 882) Hylarana nigrovittatd (Blyth, 1856) Hylarana picturatct (Boulenger, 1920) Hylarana labialis (Peters, 1 87 1 ) Odorrana hosii (Boulenger, 1891) Megophyidae
Leptobrachium hendricksoni (Taylor , 1962) Rhacophoridae
Polypedates leucomystax (Gravenlorst, 1829) Pobpedqtes macrolis (Boulenger, 1891) Microhylidae
Kalophrynus pleurosrrgzzr (Tschudi, 1838) Microhyla berdmore; (Blyth, 1856) Microhyla butleri (Boulenger, 1900) Microhyla heymonst (Vogt, 1911)
1 1 (9 . 2 ) 32 (26.7)
s (4.2)
1 ( 0 . 8 ) s (4.2) 4 (3.3) 8 (6.7) 1 (0.8) 1 ( 0 . 8 ) 1 ( 0 . 8 ) 29 (242)
1 ( 0 . 8 )
6 (s.0) 3 (2.s)
1 5 16 t 7 1 8
Total number of individuals
E 1 120 (100.0)
NORHAYATI ET AL. / AMPHIBIANS OF TAMAN NEGARA KELANTAN NATIoNAL PARK
Three specimens were caught near the chalet on the 23d Seplember 2005 but only two specimens were processed (UKMHC0086 and 0092) while the thtd specimen was released. One specimen was caught on rhe 25rh September 2005 on the roadside towards the swampy area near the entrance to the Park and reieased (Plate 1H).
IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Least Concem.
Odorrana hosii: Poisonous rock lrog Odorrana rosii {Boulenger. l89l): Ann. Mag.
N a t . H i s l . . S e r . 6 , 8 : 29-0.26 specimens w e i e caught on the 26h April 2005 ai Sg. Koh and subsequently released. Three specimens were calglrI ol the 25'h September 2005 at Sg. Koh (UKMHC0099, 0101-0102) (ptate 2A). IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Least Concem.
MEGOPHRYIDAE
Leptobrachium hendricksoni: Spotteil litter frog
Leptobrachium hendricksoni (Taylor, 1962):
Kansas University Science Bulletin 43; 265- 599. One specimen was caught and subsequently released at a small creek oiSs. Kohon the Z6' April 2005. Many were observed on the forest floor around the creek. Specimen was only photographed (Plare 2B). |'UCN Red List of Threatened Species: Least Concern
RIIACOPHORIDAE
Polypedates leucomystax: Common tree frog/
Four-line tree frog
Polypedates leucomysttl)e (Gravenhorst, 1829):
Delic. Mus. Zool. Vratislav., l: 26. One specimen was obserued on the wall of one of the chalets on the 26'h April 2005 { Plate 2C). Two specimens were caught at the chalets on the 23d Siptember 2005. { UKMHC0087-88 ). One specim'en was caught at the swampy area near the entrance of the park on the 25mSeptember 2005, but was released on site. IUCN Red List of Threatened Soecies:
Least Concem.
Polypedates macrotis: Dark-eared tree frog Polypedares macrotis (Boulenger. l89l): Ann.
M a g . N a t . H i s t . . Ser.6.7: 282. Three specrmens were found on rhe 23'd September 2005 at rhe chalets (UKMHC0097-98) (plare 2D). IUCN Red List of Thrcatened Species: Least Concern.
MICROHYLIDAE Kalop hry n u s p I e u rostig m a :
Red-sided stuky frog
Kalophrynus pleurostigma (Tschudi, 1838):
Memoires de la Soci6t6 des Sciences Naturelles de Neuchdtel 2: 1-99. One specimen was caught at one of the chaletr on the 26s Aoril 2005 and subsequently released. Two speiimens were caught at the chalets on the 23d September 2005 { UKMHC0089 and 0091 r (Ptate 2E;. IUCN Red List of Tbreatened Species: Least Concem.
Microhyln benlmorei: Berdmore,s natow- mouthed frog
Microhyla berdmorei {Blyth. 1856): J. Asiatic Soc. Bengal 24: 7ll-723. One specrmen was photographed on the 26F April 2005 (plate 2F).
IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: lrast Concern.
Microhyla heymonsi:Dark-sided. chorus frog Microhyla heymonsi (Vogt, 1911):
Sitzungsberichte der Gesellschaft Naturforschender Freunde zu Berlin: 179-184.
Two specimens were observed at the chalet and the swamp area near the entrance to the park on rhe 26rh April and lhe 25i Seprember t005 but not collected (Plate 2G). IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Least Concern.
Microhyla butleri: Painted chorus frog Microhyla burleri tBoulenger. 1900): Annals and Magazine of Nalural Hisrory Ser. 6, 7: 186-193.
Three specimens were caught at the chalets on the 23d September 2005 (UKMHC0090, 009J-94) t Plate 2H). IUCN Red List of Threarened Soecies:
Leart Concern.
DrscussroN
The total of 120 individuals of amDhibians recorded. comprising oI I8 species. provides fresh data on lhe amphibians diversity at Kuala Koh. Species- assemblage was dominated by lhe ranrds. whrch represenl the largesl group of anurans in Peninsular Malaysia. Accordint b Kiew (1990), as many as 55 splcies ofamphibians were recorded from Taman Negara National park.
mdnly around the Kuaia Tahan area, up the bail lo the top ofGunung Tahan including Kuala Teku and Wray's Camp rEoulenger. 1908:-,Smith. 1922;
Berry. 1975) and around Kuala Kenyam (Bullock.
1963; Anon, 1983; Kiew, 1985).
Comparing between both surveys. declines in the amphibian species during the second survey may have been attnbuted to the normal population 4
NoRHAYATI ET AL. / AMPHBIANS OF TAMAN NEGARA KELANIAN NATIONAL PARK
fluctuatioirs (Wake, 1991). In this case, a more evenly-spaced sampling period spanning a year or so may alleviate the differences in the occurrence ofthe soecies over time. Conservation status for all speciei is lrast Concem, except for Limnonectes ilvthii which is considered Near Threatened due to the loss of primary habitats and possibly over exploitation for its meat.
Th€ present study should be considered as non- conclusive due to under sampling, which is an important characteristic, given the inability of most studies to sample adequately. Future initiatives should include comparison studies on the amphibians' diversity between different areas and long-term monitoring programmes.
AcrNowr,nocEMENTS
We would like to thank the staff of the Department of Wildlife and National Parks for the invitation to join the expedition to TNKNP and also for their assistance in the field, especially the staff of the Taman Negara Kuala Koh.
RrrnnnNcns
Anonymous (1983). Terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems sub-study. A reportby the Fakulti Sains Hayat, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia as part of an Environmental Impact Study of the Proposed Tembeling Hy&o- Electric Prcject for Lembaga Letrik Negam.
Berry, P.Y. (1975). The Amphibian Fauna ofPeninsular Malaysia. Kuala Lumpur: Tropical Press Sdn. Bhd.
Boulenger, G.A. (1908). Report on the Gunung Tahan expedition May-Sept. 1905. I. Fishes, batachians and reptiles. Joumal of the Federated Malay States Museum,3:61-69.
Boulenger, C.A. (1912). A vertebrate fauna of the Malay Peninsula from the Isthmus of IGa to Singapore including the adjacent islali,ds. Reptilia and Batrachia.
Irndon: Taylor and Francis.
Bullock, J.A. (1963). Notes oD the cave faunas of two limestone massifs in Taman N€gara. Makryan Nature Joumal,lT. 46-52.
Frost, D.R. (2007). Amphibian Species of the World:
an Online Reference. American Museum of Natural History, New York, USA. Electronic Database accessible at http://research.amnh. org/herpetology/
amphibia/. Venion 5.1 (10/10/ 2007).
Frcst, D.R., Gmnt, T., Faivovich, J., Bain, R.H., Hass. A., Haddad, C.F.B., De Sa, R.O., Chaming, A., Wilkinson, M,, Donnellan, s.C., Raxworthy, c.J., Campbell, J.A., Btotto, 8.L., Moler, P., Drewes, R.C., Nussbaum, R.A., Lynch, J.D., Green, D.M. & Wheeler,
W.C. (2006). The amphibian tlee of life. B, lletin of the American Museum of Natural History,2g7|. l-37O.
Inger, R.F., Stuebing, R.B. & Stuart, B.L. (2006).
The tadpole of Rana glandulosa Boulenger (Anura:
Rafidae). The Raffl.es Bulletin of Zooloey, 54 (2): 465- 461.
IUCN, Conservation Intemational, and Natweserve.
(2004). Global Amphibian Assessment. IUCN, Conservation Intemational, and Natureserve.
Washington, DC and Arlington, Virginia, USA.
Available from www.globalamphibian.org. Version (03/ l0/2005).
Kiew, B.H. (1985). A brief report on the cave fauna of the eight limestone massifs between Sungai Kenyam and Sungai Trengganu, "faman Negata. Malayan Naturalist, 38 (3): 29 .
Kiew, B.H. (1990). Amphibians of Taman Negara. Ire Joumal of Wildlift and Parks,1.0: 96-108.
Smith, M.A. (1922). On a collection of rcptiles and batrachians ftom the mountains of Pahang, Malay Peninstia. Journal of the Federuted. Malay States Museum,1.O:.263-282.
wake, D.B. (1991): Declining amphibian populations.
Science,253: 86O.
Nonslya'r'r Er Ar_. / Al\'lpHlBtANs Or,Telrrr N[r;rR,r Krtr_AxreN.N.qrrol,rr. pqRK
PLATE 1
I A..Phr]Ltoitlis ctspara. iB I.ajervartu linutot lturis, lC: !,innotte(.tes bb,rhit, lD: L. kuhtii.
lE. Octifut:),9o loeti.t. lF.. H,-laruno glarttlulotu, lG.. H. ni,q rot, ittutti, lH: H. tiopu,
Nornlvlr Er Ar-. / AvpHBIANs Or TAMAN NEcARA KELANTAIv Narrouer- Penx
PLATE 2
2A: Odorrana hosii,ZB'. Leptobrachium hendricksoni,2C: Polypedaus leucomystax,2D: P. macro- tis,2E: Kalophrynus pleurostigma,2F: Microhyla berdmorei,2G: M. heynonsi,2l|. M. butleri.
