Consequence Study on Toxicity of Engineered Nanomaterial
by
Yanisa Klinsamorn 12937
Dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the
Bachelor of Engineering (Hons) (Chemical Engineering)
JANUARY 2014
Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS Bandar Seri Iskandar
31750 Tronoh Perak Darul Ridzuan
II
CERTIFICATION OF APPROVAL
Consequence Study on Toxicity of Engineered Nanomaterial
by
Yanisa Klinsamorn
A project dissertation submitted to the Chemical Engineering Programme Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS In partial fulfilment of the requirement for the
BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING (Hons) (CHEMICAL ENGINEERING)
Approved by,
________________________
(Dr. Risza Bt Rusli)
UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI PETRONAS TRONOH, PERAK
January 2014
III
CERTIFICATION OF ORIGINALITY
This is to certify that I am responsible for the work submitted in this project, that the original work is my own except as specified in the references and acknowledgements, and that the original work contain here in have not been undertaken or done by unspecified sources or persons.
_______________________
(YANISA KLINSAMORN)
IV ABSTRACT
The introduction, literature review and the methodology are covered in this Final Year project under the title “Consequence study on toxicity of engineered nanomaterial”. The production and the use of Engineered Nanomaterials have begun to increase in large volume, in which this material may cause new or increased risks to the worker in the ENMs industry as they need to expose themselves to ENMs every day. The main aim for this research is to develop the existing risk assessment tool for ENMs. Occupational exposure limit for nanomaterial has been added to the calculation of the tool. Microsoft Excel and Microsoft Visual Basic is used to develop the risk assessment tool for ENMs industry. However, the develop tool still need further validation by compute the result from the tool in the real ENM industry under the recommendation of Industrial Hygiene. The modification of the points and parameters can be adjust accordingly when more research is available.
V
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
I would never have been able to finish my dissertation without the guidance of my supervisor, help from friends, and support from my family.
I would like to express my deepest gratitude to my supervisor, Dr. Risza Bt Rusli, for her excellent guidance, caring, patience, and providing me with an excellent environment for doing research.
I would like to thank Vanessa Eija Anak Enjob, who as a good friend, was always willing to help and give her best suggestion.
I would like to thank my parents for their supporting and encouragement to me toward this research.
VI
TABLE OF CONTENT
CERTIFICATION OF APROVAL………..II CERTIFICATION OF ORGINALITY………..III ABSTRACT………..IV ACKNOWLEDGEMENT……….V LIST OF FIGURES………...VIII LIST OF TABLE………...IX
Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION………..1
1.1 Background Study………..1
1.2 Problem statement………..3
1.3 Objective………3
1.4 Scope of study………4
Chapter 2 LITERATURE REVIEW………...5
2.1 Nanotoxicology………..5
2.2 Human exposure routes to nanoparticle……….6
2.2.1 Workplace exposure……….7
2.3 Health effects induced by engineered nanomaterial………..8
2.3.1 Pulmonary inflammation……….….8
2.3.2 Genotoxicity of engineered nanomaterial………8
2.3.3 Effect of engineered nanomaterials on circulation………..9
2.4 Existing risk assessment tool for ENM………..…9
2.4.1 Control Banding Tool………..9
Chapter 3 METHODOLOGY………...18
VII Chapter 4
Chapter 5 REFERENCES
3.1 Research methodology………18
3.2 Project Activities………..19
3.3 Key Milestone………..19
3.4 Tools……….……20
3.5 Gantt chart………21
RESULT AND DISCUSSION………...22
4.1 Modification of Weighting in severity factors in NM part……..22
4.2 Developed tool activity diagram………..25
4.3 Developed tool……….…26
4.4 Case studies from journal………..……...30
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION………..…...33
………....…35
VIII
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1: Classification of nanostructured materials 2
Figure 2 : Schematic of exposure route 6
Figure 3 : Entry sheet in CB nanotool 10
Figure 4 : Calculation sheet in CB nanotool 11
Figure 5: Research methodology 18
Figure 6:
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Figure 14:
Develop Nanotool activity diagram Existing NanoTool Data Entry page Developed Nanotool Data Entry page Activity information form
Parent material form
Nanomaterial form Exposure form
The result from developed tool The result from develop tool
25 26 26 27 28 28 29 30 32
IX
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1: Potential Source of Occupational Exposure 7 Table 2: Surface activity and severity points 12 Table 3: Particle diameter of NM and severity points 13 Table 4: Particle shape of NM and severity points 13 Table 5: Solubility of NM and severity points 13 Table 6: Carcinogenicity and severity points 14 Table 7: Reproductive toxicity and severity points 14 Table 8:
Table 9:
Table 10:
Table 11:
Table 12:
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Table 21:
Table 22:
Mutagenicity and severity points Dermal toxicity and severity points Toxicity of PM and severity points Carcinogenicity of PM and severity point Reproductive toxicity of PM and severity points Mutagenicity of PM and severity points
Dermal hazard potential of PM and severity points Probability factor and severity points
Project activities
Final Year Project 1 Key milestone Final Year Project 2 Key milestone Gantt Chart
Risk level matrix
Severity factor point distribution Probability factor point distribution
14 14 15 15 15 15 16 17 19 19 20 21 22 23 23
X Table 23:
Table 24:
Table 25:
Table 26:
Table 27:
Table 28:
Table 29:
Severity factor point modification
Carbon nanotube case studies parent material detail Carbon nanotube case studies nanomaterial detail Carbon nanotube case studies exposure detail
Ceramic nanoparticle case study parent material detail Ceramic nanoparticle case study nanomaterial detail Ceramic nanoparticle case study exposure detail
24 29 30 30 31 31 31
XI
12
