A thesis submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Entrepreneurship (Logistics and Distributive Trading) (Hons). This study presents a theoretical model of the interaction between perceived ease of use, perceived risk, and social influence with consumer acceptance factors based on the technology acceptance model (Davis, 1989).
RESEARCH QUESTIONS
Another common misconception regarding drones is that they are used by hostile countries or terrorist organizations.
SCOPE OF THE STUDY
The results of this study may also help business owners using drones for delivery services to understand that perceived ease of use, perceived risks, and social impact are critical elements influencing consumer acceptance. As the information is linked to the factors influencing technology acceptance, it can be applied in the business environment.
ORGANIZATIONAL OF THE PROPOSAL 1. Chapter 1
Chapter 2
Chapter 3
UNDERPINNING THEORY
This model shows how a variety of factors influence users' decisions about how and when to adopt new technology when it is offered to them (Moe, 2020). Several new variables are added to this model because the use of drones has distinctive characteristics.
PREVIOUS STUDY
- Consumer Acceptance Factors
- Perceived Ease To Use
- Perceived Risk
- Social Influence
This will have an impact on consumer acceptance of technical improvements (Kulviwat et al., 2007). According to the previous research (Chen et al., 2022), the time it takes for people to accept a new technology or service varies.
THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
In conclusion, this chapter examined the literature review related to the previously discussed components. The three independent variables in this study were perceived ease of use, perceived risks, and social influence. The researchers tended to analyze the relationship between all intentions, consumer acceptance characteristics of the dependent variable and the three independent variables.
After reviewing previous research on the topics in Chapter 2, the research approach that will be used in the study was explained in this chapter. This chapter will mention each component involved in conducting this study which is from research design, data collection methods, study population, sample size, sampling techniques, development of research instruments, measurement of the variables and data analysis procedure.
RESEARCH DESIGN
DATA COLLECTING METHODS
Primary data and secondary data are the two main categories into which data can be divided. In this research, primary data will be used, which will be collected through a self-administered questionnaire. 34; Self-administered Nayak and Narayan questionnaires can be administered and administered electronically over the Internet.
Google Forms will be used to create an online questionnaire that will be automatically hosted via a web address or Uniform Resource Locator (URL). Conducted electronically, the questionnaire method will use mediums such as WhatsApp, Instagram, Facebook and email to obtain primary data.
STUDY POPULATIONS
SAMPLE SIZE
When a smaller sample size represents the entire population, solid results can be achieved while saving time. Based on this survey, the respondents from the public aged 18 to 50 are the scope of the study, especially the general population in Kuala Lumpur. Since the total population of Kuala Lumpur is Ministry of Statistics Malaysia Official Portal, 2022), the researcher used a sample size of 1,000,000 persons, with a total sample size of 384 respondents.
Based on this research, there are two types of sampling techniques: probability sampling and non-probability sampling. Convenience sampling, quota sampling, snowball sampling and judgment sampling are some of the non-probability sampling techniques used in this study.
RESEARCH INSTRUMENT DEVELOPMENT
- Nominal Scale
- Ordinal Scale
- Pilot Test
- Reliability Analysis
- Descriptive Analysis
- Normality Test
- Correlation Analysis
Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) will be used in this research to analyze and interpret the data. Therefore, the types of data analysis methods that will be used in this study include pilot testing, reliability analysis, descriptive analysis, multiple linear regressions, and correlation analysis. Reliability analysis will be used to study the properties of measurement scales and the items that compose the scales.
Cronbach's alpha will be used to see if the multi-question Likert scale survey is reliable. These study findings will be used to determine whether the data set is well represented by the normal distribution and to determine the likelihood that random variables are responsible for the distribution of the normally distributed data set.
SUMMARY
- Unvariate Analysis for Independent Variable (Perceived Ease to Use) Table 4.11: Descriptive Statistics of The Perceived Ease to Use
- Unvariate Analysis for Independent Variable (Perceived Risks) Table 4.12: Descriptive Statistics of The Perceived Risk
- Unvariate Analysis for Independent Variable (Social Influence) Table 4.13: Descriptive Statistics of Social Influence
This chapter examines the results of the data analysis methods described in the previous chapter. The frequency and percentage of respondents who participated in this survey with their academic background are shown in Figure and Table 4.3 above. The frequency and percentage of the respondent's monthly income are shown in the figure and table above.
Figure and Table 4.7 above shows that the majority with 47.7% or frequency in 183 respondents only make online purchases 1-5 times per month. The figure and table above show the percentage and frequency of respondents' answers to the questions "have you ever heard the noise levels of drones?".
Unvariate Analysis for Dependent Variable
The highest mean value was question 14 which was 3.84 (SD=1.177). The respondent agreed to accept package delivery by drones in the future. Other than that, the lowest male value was question 11 which was 3.41 (SD=1.339), where the respondents agreed that they have the necessary knowledge to receive a package by drone. Therefore, the average of consumer acceptance factors is 3.41 to 3.84 which shows that the results are neutral.
Maybe those with the power to influence my behavior will convince me to accept drone package delivery. In everyday life, I would always try to accept drone package delivery when it becomes available in the future.
CRONBACH’S ALPHA RELIABILITY ANALYSIS
- Pilot Test
- Actual Reliability Test
The fact that the variables' Cronbach's alpha loading above 0.7 demonstrated the questionnaires' excellent reliability and allowed the study to move forward. In this study, the dependent variable is consumer acceptance factor and the independent variables are perceived ease of use, perceived risks and social . influence. Therefore, the result of the Dependent Variable for the actual reliability test, which is the consumer. acceptance factor, a Cronbach's showed.
It was concluded that each questionnaire question . appeared to be in good and excellent internal consistency. 47. were more than 0.8 as preferred in a reference by "Chong, 2018), it says that Cronbach's Alpha range above 0.8 means we have 80% consistency in the result and it is considered good.
NORMALITY TEST
- The Pearson Correlation Result
A correlation metric used to assess the strength of a linear relationship between two variables is the Pearson correlation. The researchers used Pearson Correlation Coefficients to determine the significance of the relationship between the dependent variable (consumer acceptance factors) and the independent variables (Perceived Ease of Use, Perceived Risks, and Social Impact). Based on table 4.20 above, the significance correlation is 0.01 level which means there is less than one in a hundred chance of being false to test the hypothesis.
The highest correlation is 0.848 which is perceived ease of use and following with the second highest correlation is social impact with a significant 0.762. Based on Table 4.21, the hypothesis on the significant relationship between the factors (perceived ease of use, perceived risk and social impact) influencing the consumer acceptance factor in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia were tested using Rank Correlation Coefficient of Pearson.
CONCLUSION
The researcher will briefly explain all the findings from this research in this chapter. Key findings and discussions of the hypothesis have been developed as research has progressed to investigate the factors influencing the acceptance of drone use in logistics services. Finally, this chapter also covered the conclusion of the findings in light of the research objective of the chapter.
RECAPITULATION OF THE STUDY FINDINGS
- The Comparison of Relationship between The Perceived Ease To Use and Consumer Acceptance Factor
- The Comparison of Relationship between The Perceived Risks and Consumer Acceptance Factor
- The Comparison of Relationship between The Social Influence and Consumer Acceptance Factor
The result of a high positive correlation between perceived ease of use and consumer acceptability factor because according to Table 4.11 Descriptive Statistics of Perceived Ease of Use (page 53), the average mean of perceived ease of use is 3.69 to 3.79, indicating more neutral . Based on the research objective and research question in the table above, the result of perceived risks with the variable represented by 5 items for reliability analysis showed a Cronbach's alpha reading value of 0.941 with excellent internal consistency. The result of a moderate positive correlation between perceived risks and consumer acceptability factor, because according to Table 4.12 Descriptive statistics of perceived risks (page 54), the average of perceived risks is 3.97 to 4.05, which indicates that the respondents see the risk from an acceptable point. view.
The third research objective and research question of the study, which examines the relationship between social influence and consumer acceptance factor, are presented in Table 5.3 below. The result of high positive correlation between social influence and consumer acceptance factor, because according to Table 4.13 Descriptive Statistics of Social Influence (page 55), the average social influence is 3.55 to 3.61 which shows that it shows neutral.
DISCUSSIONS
- Perceived Ease to Use
- Perceived Risks
- Social Influence
This proved that social influence has a positive relationship and significant influence on consumer acceptance factors among Kuala Lumpur residents. Based on the findings of previous studies, it has been discovered that social influence has a significant impact on behavioral beliefs about drone delivery. Together with the foregoing, this discovery strengthens the case for the importance of social motivation in the adoption of drone technology.
Consumer rating scores for social drones are influenced by the type of control, demonstrating how human connection cues would influence satisfaction in a social drone environment (Shapira & Cauchard, 2022). Researchers believe that social influence is one of the factors influencing the acceptance of drone use in logistics services.
CONCLUSION
This result is not unexpected, as it is known that people's attitudes about new technologies, such as drones, are significantly influenced by their assumptions about these technologies (Ho & Tsai, 2022).
IMPLICATIONS
LIMITATION AND RECOMMENDATIONS .1 Limitation Of Study
- Recommendations For Future Study
Researchers will be able to learn more about the level of consumer acceptance of drone delivery services in the future. How to form behavioral intentions in drone food delivery services: the moderating role of the COVID-19 outbreak. Application of the value-belief-norm model to environmentally friendly drone food delivery services: the moderating role of product involvement.Int.
Persepsi masyarakat terhadap pengiriman drone di Amerika Serikat (RARC-WP-17-001). Kantor Pos Inspektur Jenderal. Saya berencana untuk menerima pengiriman paket melalui drone di masa depan.
PERCEIVED USE TO EASE/ KEMUDAHAN PENGGUNAAN YANG DIRASAI 1. The ease of use that consumers perceive by
PERCEIVED RISK/ RISIKO YANG DIPERHATIKAN 1. The public perceive drones to be riskier than
SOCIAL INFLUENCE/ PENGARUH SOSIAL 1. People that influence my behaviour think that I
TOTAL WEIGHT (1 MARK) WEAK FAIR. Research objective and Research Methodology in line with comprehensive literature review) The content of the report is systematic and. The content of the report is written unsystematically that does not include the background of the study, the statement of the problem, the objective of the research, the research question and non-scientific topic of unsearchable topic. The report is produced on time but does not adhere to the format.
The report is grammatical, theoretical,. technically and logically correct in most chapters with a few weaknesses. The report is grammatical, theoretical,. technically and logically complete in all chapters without weaknesses.
