PDF UNlVERSITI TEKNOLOGI PETRONAS

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UNlVERSITI TEKNOLOGI PETRONAS

Dissertation F ina! Year Project (FYP) MAY 2011

NAME: MOHD NORSHAHRUL HAFIZ!

ID:9787

PROGRAMME: MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

TITLE OF FYP: DESIGN OF HEAT EXCHANGER FOR THE GAS TURBINE AIR INLET COOLING

SUPERVISOR: DR.ZAINAL AMBRI BIN ABDUL KARIM

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Design of Heat Exchanger for the Gas Turbine Air Inlet Cooling

by

MOHD NORSHAHRUL HAFIZ! MOHD AZMI 9787

Dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the

Bachelor of Engineering (Hons) (Mechanical Engineering)

MAY2011

Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS Bandar Seri Iskandar

31750 Tronoh Perak Darul Ridzuan

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CERTIFICATION OF APPROVAL

Design of Heat Exchanger for the

Gas

Turbine Air Inlet Cooling

Approved by,

By

MOHD NORSHAHRUL HAFIZ! MOHD AZMI A project dissertation submitted to the

Mechanical Engineering Programme Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the

BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING (Hons) (MECHANICAL ENGINEERING)

(Dr. Zainal Ambri Bin Abdul Karim)

UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI PETRONAS TRONOH, PERAK

May 2011

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CERTIFICATION OF ORIGINALITY

This is to certifY that I am responsible for the work submitted in this project, that the original work is my own except as specified in the references and acknowledgements, and that the original work contained herein have not been undertaken or done by unspecified sources or persons.

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

In the name of ALLAH S. W.T, the most merciful and compassionate, praise to ALLAH, he is the almighty, eternal blessing and peace upon the Glory of the Universe, our beloved Prophet Muhammad (S.A. W), and his family and companions.

Upon completing one year of final year project, the author is greatly indebted to personnel namely below.

First and foremost Dr. Zainal Ambri Bin Abdul Karim (Supervisor) who found time in a very busy schedule to give author new functional scope tasks, monitors progression and answer questions. Author feels grateful for being placed under his supervision and also deeply grateful for his advices, encouragements and patience throughout the duration of the project. The support he has given to the author as a student in mechanical scope of work has been greatly appreciated too.

Author also would like to thanks to the Department of Mechanical Engineering ofUTP, especially all the lab technicians; Mr Jani Bin Alang Ahmad, Mr. Shaifnl Bin Samsndin, Mr. Mnhamad Hazri Bin Ahmad Shahpin for their assistance in giving their opinions. It would not be possible for the author to finish the research without the countless help and support from them and thus completing the final year project.

Last but not least, author's sincere appreciation also extends to all fellow colleagues and others who provided assistance at various occasions.

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ABSTRACT

Efficiency of a gas turbine is closely related to the intake air temperature. An increase in the intake air temperature will results in a decreasing of the turbine efficiency. This report basically discusses the results from the research done and basic understanding of the chosen topic, which is design of a heat exchanger for gas turbine inlet air cooling system. The project aims at providing a constant air temperature at the inlet side of the gas turbine irrespective of the change in ambient temperature by employment of a heat exchanger to reduce the temperature at constant low temperature. In this paper, focus is given to the best fin geometry for plate and fin heat exchanger in order to improve the efficiency of the gas turbine. This paper also discussed about the selection of a few parameters based on given standard rating in designing high performance plate and fin heat exchanger with high transfer rate of heat and a few numerical solution to find the suitable sizing of heat exchanger for gas turbine at Gas District Cooling area. A clear methodology to complete this project was also proposed in this paper. As a result from this research, it was said to achieve the objectives made with satisfied parameters that can be applied to the real world problem to reduce the air temperature. The results were done with the helped of assumptions made and with set of analytical equations to identify the parameters desired. Fin surface geometry of 1/8 - 16.00 (D) can be use for air side while as for the water side, geometry of 1/8-19.82 (D) can be use. Both of the fin surface geometry was tested and proved to reduce the air and water temperature and yield a satisfied heat transfer coefficient, as well as efficiency.

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TABLE OF CONTENT

CERTIFICATE OF APPROVAL ... II CERTIFICATE OF ORIGINALITY ... III ABSTRACT ... IV ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ... V LIST OF FIGURES ... VIII LIST OF TABLES ... XI CHAPTERl.O

CHAPTER2.0 CHAPTER3.0

CHAPTER4.0

INTRODUCTION ... 1

1.1 Gas Turbine ... I 1.2 Problem Statement.. ... 2

1.3 Objectives ... 3

I .4 Scope of Study ... 3

LITERATURE REVIEW ... 4

PLANT CONFIGURATION ... 12

3. I Introduction ... 12

3.2 Description of the plant. ... 12

3.3 Gas Turbine Engine ... I 3 3.4 Gas Turbine Operation ... I 4 3.4.1 Air Inlet System ... 15

3.4.2 Compressor. ... 15

3.4.3 Combustion Chamber ... I 7 3.4.4 Turbine ... I 7 HEAT EXCHANGER SYSTEM ... 26

4.1 Introduction ... 18

4.2 Plate and Fin Heat Exchanger. ... 18

4.3 Advantages and Drawbacks ... 20

4.3.1 Advantages ... 20

4.3.2 Drawbacks ... 20

4.4 Flow Arrangement.. ... 21

4.4.1 Cross Flow ... 21

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