report on drought condition

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R ^{EPORT ON} D ^ROUGHT C ^ONDITION

FOR

P ^ENINSULAR M ^ALAYSIA

(BASED ON HYDROLOGIC ANALYSIS)

September 22, 2005

Hydrology and Water Resources Division Department of Irrigation and Drainage

Malaysia

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2

Report on Drought Condition for Peninsular Malaysia (Based on Hydrologic Analysis)

22 September 2005

Summary

1. Based on rainfall records collected from all 41 selected stations in Peninsular Malaysia for the purpose of drought monitoring, indicate that the average of total amount of those stations record less rainfall (i.e 139.14mm as compared to July 151.3 mm)

2. But on analyzing for three months total (June, July and August), most of the stations record comparatively less rainfall as to the long term average of the three months total. 18 stations record above average while 23 others are below average. Their percentage deviation ranging from -1 to -50%. This indicates that the drought conditions still persist.

3. By comparing the three month total (391.3 mm) to the long term three month average (447.6 mm), it can be deduced that the drought condition has worsen ( –12.6 % of percentage deviation as compared to the previous month which is -7.8%).

4. Based on river flow analysed for the month of September, 2005, three out of ten rivers being monitored on-line still experiencing low flow condition as shown in table below.

No Name of river Low flow reading

(cubic meter)

ARI (years) 1. Sungai Muda @ Jambatan

Syed Omar

5 10

2. Sg. Kurau @ Pondok Tanjung

1.8 > 10

3. Sg. Kerian @ Selama 7.7 5

(4)

4 5. From six dams being monitored on-line, as on September 22, three dams still

need to be closely monitored as the storages are very near oreither decreasing as shown on table below:

No. Name of dam being monitored

Present Storage (MCM) as on September 22

Percentage of August storage as compared to its full capacity

Percentage of present storage (22 September)

as compared to its full capacity

1. Klang Gate 18.22 60.12 63.85

2. Machap 4.38 31.51 41.90

3. Semberong 4.16 25.51 23.66

It shows that, two dams have increased in storage compared to the previous month but Semberong Dam on the other hand experiencing drawdown in storage.

1.0 Drought Monitoring by Rainfall Data

1.1 From the total of rainfall for the three consecutive months from July to September recorded at 100.9mm, 151.3mm and 139.14mm respectively, it can be deduced that the drought condition to some extent is not much improved.

The rainfall data is then used to produce the isohytal map Figure 1.1 and 1.2 (also shown in the drought websites below)

i. http://infokemarau/DrIsohyet.html

ii. http://infokemarau/monthly_rainfall1.html iii. http://infokemarau/dranalysis_2005.html

:

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KANGAR

ALOR SETAR

GEORGE TOWN

IPOH

KOTA BHARU

KUALA TRENGGANU

KUANTAN

KUALA LUMPUR

SHAH ALAM

SEREMBAN

MELAKA

JOHOR BARU R1 -25(526)

K1 -38(464) K3 7(520)K4 -27(671)

K5 -18(666)

P1 -8(551)

P2 41(465) P3 15(536)

A4 -23(474)

A6 -19(672) A8 -41(781) A12 -24(630) A14 4(675) A15 -41(470)

A16 -29(432)

B3 -42(336)

B4 -44(531) B5 3(488) B6 -26(676)

B7 -31(706) B8 -33(581)

N1 35(457) N3 -11(491)

M1 -2(436) J1 -49(398)

J2 -16(510)

J5 56(575) J7 -41(527) J8 -55(353) J9 4(511) J10 -50(446)

C3 -26(387) C4 21(370) C8 -35(555)

C9 -6(662) D1 -23(783) D2 -9(579)

D6 2(437)

T1 24(431) T2 -17(340) T5 85(304)

LEGEND :

International Boundry

% Deviation from Long Term Mean

Rainfall Stations State Boundry

85(304)

7(340)

24(431)

370)

(511) A15

P3 15(536)P2 P1 -8(551) R1 -25(526)

-100%

-80%

-60%

-40%

-20%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

MONTH : OGOS 2005 PERIOD : JUN –OGOS 2005 MONTH : JULY 2005

PERIOD : MAY – JULY 2005 MONTH : JUNE 2005

PERIOD : APRIL - JUNE 2005

FIGURE A1 : ISOHYET OF RAINFALL DEVIATION FROM LTM

FOR THE MOVING 3 MONTHLY RAINFALL OF JUN– OGOS 2005

KANGAR

ALOR SETAR

GEORGE TOWN

IPOH

KOTA BHARU

KUALA TRENGGANU

KUANTAN

KUALA LUMPUR

SHAH ALAM

SEREMBAN

MELAKA

K1 -28(443) K3 -22(578)K4 -38(638)

K5 -37(650)

P1 -14(538) P2 45(412) P3 1(556)

A4 6(352) A6 -14(498)

A8 -33(559) A12 -27(591) A14 -11(529) A15 -31(429)

A16 -32(371)

B3 -29(275)

B4 -20(439)B5 -11(410) B6 -31(583)

B7 -22(564) B8 -21(452)

N1 53(386) N3 -14(427)

M1 18(405) J1 8(333)

J2 -10(421)

J5 87(494) J7 -42(541) J8 -20(296) J9 -1(520) J10 -15(400)

C3 -23(327) C4 -9(333) C8 -17(443)

C9 14(601) D1 -9(755) D2 15(592)

D6 19(561)

T1 12(443) T2 -37(348) T5 128(325) -7.8013969132386

128(325)

7(348)

(443)

333)

1(520) LEGEND :

International Boundary

State Boundary Rainfall Stations

B P1

P2 A15 R1 -40(583)

(443) K3 638)

P3 1(556)

-100%

-80%

-60%

-40%

-20%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

KANGAR

ALOR SETAR

GEORGE TOWN

IPOH

KOTA BHARU

KUALA TRENGGANU

KUANTAN

KUALA LUMPUR

SHAH ALAM

SEREMBAN

MELAKA

K1 -44(420) K3 -13(629)K4 -49(588)

K5 -50(627)

P1 -36(538) P2 10(402) P3 -44(565)

A4 20(327) A6 -13(441)

A8 -31(460) A12 -44(502) A14 -9(466) A15 -38(453)

A16 6(296)

B3 10(254)

B4 27(412)B5 -15(359) B6 -50(510)

B7 9(498) B8 -36(405)

N1 31(332) N3 -10(363)

M1 11(410) J1 -22(294)

J2 5(391)

J5 19(464) J7 37(528) J8 -24(271) J9 9(504) J10 -27(343) C3 -37(321) C4 -17(315) C8 -4(361)

C9 12(581) D1 -9(693) D2 -1(579)

D6 21(616)

T1 -38(477) T2 -35(390) T5 70(369)70(369)

35(390)

(477)

(315)

9(504) B

A15 P3 -44(565) P1 P2 R1 -43(595)

K3 420) 588)

D

International Boundry State Boundry

LEGEND :

Rainfall Stations -100%

-80%

-60%

-40%

-20%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

(6)

ISOHYET OF TREE MONTHLY RAINFALL DISTRIBUTION MONTH: OGOS 2005

PERIOD: JUN – OGOS 2005

KANGAR

ALOR SETAR

GEORGE TOWN

IPOH

KOTA BHARU

KUALA TRENGGANU

KUANTAN

KUALA LUMPUR

SHAH ALAM

SEREMBAN

MELAKA

JOHOR BARU

R1 -43(595) K1 -44(420) K3 -13(629)K4 -49(588)

K5 -50(627)

P1 -36(538) P2 10(402) P3 -44(565)

A4 20(327) A6 -13(441)

A8 -31(460) A12 -44(502) A14 -9(466) A15 -38(453)

A16 6(296)

B3 10(254)

B4 27(412)B5 -15(359) B6 -50(510)

B7 9(498) B8 -36(405)

N1 31(332) N3 -10(363)

M1 11(410)

J1 -22(294)

J2 5(391)

J5 19(464) J7 37(528)

J8 -24(271) J9 9(504) J10 -27(343)

C3 -37(321) C4 -17(315) C8 -4(361)

C9 12(581) D1 -9(693) D2 -1(579)

D6 21(616)

T1 -38(477) T2 -35(390) T5 70(369)

0mm 100mm 200mm 300mm 400mm 500mm 600mm 700mm 800mm 900mm 1000mm

70(369)

35(390)

(477)

(315) B

A15 P3 -44(565)

P2 R1 -43(595)

K3 420) 588)

D

International Boundry

LEGEND :

Cummulative Rainfall Total

Rainfall Stations

9(504)

State Boundry

P1

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2

KANGAR

ALOR SETAR

GEORGE TOWN

IPOH

KOTA BHARU

KUALA TRENGGANU

KUANTAN

KUALA LUMPUR

SHAH ALAM

SEREMBAN

MELAKA

JOHOR BARU

R1 -21(225) K1 -64(170) K3 23(257)K4 -53(227)

K5 -52(242)

P1 -32(209) P2 -1(160) P3 -37(217)

A4 0(124) A6 -65(166)

A8 -64(169) A12 -28(145) A14 -43(179) A15 -13(188)

A16 38(108)

B3 75(98)

B4 83(142)B5 19(126) B6 -54(178)

B7 97(174) B8 -65(156)

N1 -64(124) N3 -12(128)

M1 -11(151)

J1 -85(105)

J2 9(130)

J5 18(183) J7 169(162)

J8 -35(92) J9 15(178) J10 -65(113)

C3 -69(130) C4 -15(113) C8 -27(136)

C9 -11(230) D1 -15(262) D2 13(204)

D6 -12(235)

T1 -73(171) T2 -38(165) T5 -39(156)

LEGEND :

Rainfall Stations

MONTHLY RAINFALL STATUS 2005 MONTH : OGOS 2005

-39(156)

8(165)

171)

113)

15(178) P1

P3 -37(217)P2

K 170) 227)

R1 -21(225)

0mm 100mm 200mm 300mm 400mm 500mm 600mm 700mm 800mm 900mm 1000mm

(8)

3

KANGAR

ALOR SETAR

GEORGE TOWN

IPOH

KOTA BHARU

KUALA TRENGGANU

KUANTAN

KUALA LUMPUR

SHAH ALAM

SEREMBAN

MELAKA

JOHOR BARU

R1 -21(225) K1 -64(170) K3 23(257)K4 -53(227)

K5 -52(242)

P1 -32(209) P2 -1(160) P3 -37(217)

A4 0(124) A6 -65(166)

A8 -64(169) A12 -28(145) A14 -43(179) A15 -13(188)

A16 38(108)

B3 75(98)

B4 83(142)B5 19(126) B6 -54(178)

B7 97(174) B8 -65(156)

N1 -64(124) N3 -12(128)

M1 -11(151)

J1 -85(105)

J2 9(130)

J5 18(183) J7 169(162)

J8 -35(92) J9 15(178) J10 -65(113)

C3 -69(130) C4 -15(113) C8 -27(136)

C9 -11(230) D1 -15(262) D2 13(204)

D6 -12(235)

T1 -73(171) T2 -38(165) T5 -39(156)

LEGEND :

Rainfall Stations

MONTHLY RAINFALL STATUS 2005 MONTH : OGOS 2005

-39(156)

8(165)

171)

113)

15(178) P1

P3 -37(217) P2

K 227)

170) R1 -21(225)

-100%

-80%

-60%

-40%

-20%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

(9)

4 1.2 Based on Table 1.1, 3 out of 7 rainfall stations used for drought monitoring in

Johor still recording deficiency ranging from -22% to -27% of their three monthly average rainfall. For Negeri Sembilan only one station (N3) records deficit of –6%. (N1). Detail drought analysis in Negeri Sembilan is described in para 1.5

1.3 For the state of Perlis, Kedah, Penang, Perak, Selangor and Pahang, the deficiency ranging from -1% to -50%. It shows that, the rainfall deficiency occurs to almost all the West Coast states and west of Pahang. For East Coast states, Terengganu records deficit in rainfall amount while Kelantan has overall, recorded more rainfall.

Table 1.1 : Rainfall Analysis for June – August 2005

NO NO STESEN JUN-05 Jul-05 Aug-05 Total Rainfall (3Mth Cum Rf) Diff(mm) % Dev

1 6501005 (R1) 98.00 64.00 176.50 338.50 595.4 -256.9 -43

2 6206035 (K1) 84.00 92.00 61.00 237.00 420.2 -183.2 -44

3 6103047 (K3) 117.90 111.00 316.70 545.60 629.1 -83.5 -13

4 061 (K4) 99.10 94.70 106.50 300.30 587.9 -287.6 -49

5 566 (K5) 123.50 74.00 116.50 314.00 627.2 -313.2 -50

6 5505033 (P1) 99.00 106.00 141.00 346.00 538.4 -192.4 -36

7 5304045 (P2) 64.00 219.50 158.00 441.50 401.7 39.8 10

8 5302003 (P3) 38.50 143.50 136.00 318.00 565.3 -247.3 -44

9 4109095 (A4) 70.00 200.00 124.00 394.00 327.3 66.7 20

10 4011139 (A6) 140.00 184.50 57.50 382.00 440.6 -58.6 -13

11 4011144 (A8) 144.00 112.00 60.50 316.50 460.0 -143.5 -31

12 4511111 (A12) 59.00 120.50 104.00 283.50 502.3 -218.8 -44

13 5006021 (A14) 56.00 265.50 101.50 423.00 466.1 -43.1 -9

14 5003028 (A15) 0.00 119.00 163.50 282.50 453.4 -170.9 -38

15 5210069 (A16) 85.00 80.50 149.50 315.00 296.3 18.7 6

16 3411017 (B3) 17.50 89.50 172.50 279.50 253.8 25.7 10

17 2917001 (B4) 47.50 217.00 260.50 525.00 412.5 112.5 27

18 2818110 (B5) 90.00 68.00 149.00 307.00 359.2 -52.2 -15

19 3516022 (B6) 85.00 87.50 81.50 254.00 510.1 -256.1 -50

20 3117070 (B7) 41.00 157.02 342.50 540.52 497.6 42.9 9

21 3115079 (B8) 66.00 141.00 54.00 261.00 404.7 -143.7 -36

22 2719001 (N1) 130.50 258.00 45.00 433.50 332.0 101.5 31

23 3023098 (N3) 89.00 125.50 113.00 327.50 363.1 -35.6 -10

24 2321006 (M1) 46.50 273.50 134.50 454.50 409.8 44.7 11

25 2526001 (J1) 40.00 173.00 16.00 229.00 293.7 -64.7 -22

26 2033001 (J2) 131.91 137.00 142.00 410.91 391.4 19.5 5

27 1437116 (J5) 77.00 259.00 216.00 552.00 464.3 87.7 19

28 1829001 (J7) 138.50 145.50 437.00 721.00 527.7 193.3 37

29 2528002 (J8) 29.00 118.00 60.00 207.00 271.5 -64.5 -24

30 2536168 (J9) 209.00 135.50 204.00 548.50 503.7 44.8 9

31 2527004 (J10) 66.50 143.00 39.50 249.00 343.1 -94.1 -27

32 3424081 (C3) 60.00 103.50 40.00 203.50 321.5 -118.0 -37

33 3533102 (C4) 59.50 104.50 96.50 260.50 314.8 -54.3 -17

34 4414036 (C8) 88.00 158.00 70.50 316.50 360.7 -44.2 -12

35 3930012 (C9) 221.50 224.00 206.00 651.50 581.4 70.1 12

36 4726001 (D1) 200.00 209.00 222.00 631.00 693.3 -62.3 -9

37 4819027 (D2) 159.00 185.00 231.00 575.00 579.4 -4.4 -1

38 5921009 (D6) 291.50 244.50 208.00 744.00 615.9 128.1 21

39 4234109 (T1) 137.00 112.00 42.50 291.50 477.5 -186.0 -39

40 4734079 (T2) 55.50 94.50 102.50 252.50 389.7 -137.2 -35

41 5331048 (T5) 281.00 253.00 46.00 580.00 369.0 211.0 57

MEAN 100.9 151.3 139.14 391.3 447.6 -56.3 -12.6

WATER RESOURCES STATUS MONITORING PROGRAM IN PENINSULAR MALAYSIA (Jun - Ogos 2005 )

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5 Special focus on Johor’s drought based on dam level and rainfall data

1.4 Figure 1.1 and 1.2, show that the rainfall stations which located near to the three dams being monitored i.e. Macap, Sembrong and Bekok still record a deficit in rainfall amount. Stor Baru JPS Kluang records a deficit of -13.0%

until August 2005 and Macap Dam with a deficit of -31.0% until July 2005.

Figure 1.1: Long Term Data Compared to Current Monthly Data (year 2005) At Stor Baru JPS Kluang, Johor.

Long-Term Data Compared to Current Monthly Data year 2005 (Station ID. 2033001 at Stor Baru JPS Kluang, Johor)

0.0 50.0 100.0 150.0 200.0 250.0

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Month

Rainfall (mm)

Long-Term Data Current Monthly Data

Standard Deviation of long-term and current monthly data

-34.2 -2.9

-11.1 -15.2

-22.7

-13.1

-44.4 6.8

(11)

6 Figure 1.2 : Long Term Data Compared to Current Monthly Data (year 2005)

For Macap Dam, Johor.

Long-Term Data Com pared to Current Monthly Data year 2005 (Station ID. 1832001 at Macap Dam , Johor)

0.0 50.0 100.0 150.0 200.0 250.0

Jan Feb M ar Apr M ay Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

M ont h Long-Term Dat a

Current M ont hly Dat a

St andard Deviat ion of long-t erm and current mont hly dat a

-32.7

-47.1

-3.1

-62.8 -39.8

-55 -53.8

21.6

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7 Special focus to Negeri Sembilan’s drought based on rainfall data

1.5 Seremban has experience shortage of water supply since June 2005. Water rationing has been exercised throughout Seremban to ensure its fair distribution. On analysing the water shortage, DID has focused on Sg. Terip catchment located at the upstream of Seremban town. Based on three rainfall stations being analysed, two stations (refer to Fig. 1.3) record increase rainfall (+5.7% and +10.8% compared to its long term average) and one station located within the Sg. Terip catchment record deficit of -25%. This would probably suggest the cause of water shortage experienced in Seremban as there was not much rainfall being recorded over the Sg. Terip cathment which is the source of water supply for large part of Seremban town.

Figure 1.3 : Long-Term Data Compared to Current Monthly Data (year 2005) in Negeri Sembilan.

Long-Term Data Compared to Current Monthly Data year 2005 (Station ID. 2719001 or N1 )

0.0 50.0 100.0 150.0 200.0 250.0 300.0 350.0

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug

Month

Rainfall (mm)

-26.6

14.6

35.7

116.1

-23.9

-55.5

48.7

-63.6

(13)

8 Figure 1.4 : Long-Term Data Compared to Current Monthly Data (year 2005)

in Negeri Sembilan.

Figure 1.5: Long-Term Data Compared to Current Monthly Data (year 2005) for Negeri Sembilan

0.0 50.0 100.0 150.0 200.0 250.0

Month

Rainfall (mm)

-83.4

-8.7 -40.7

92.9

-40.0 96.2

16.6

53.1

0.0 50.0 100.0 150.0 200.0 250.0

Month

Rainfall (mm)

-53.3

-20.4 -19.8

0.3 -51.5

-75.7

24.7

-11.7

(14)

9 2.0 Drought Monitoring by River Flow

2.1 Based on Table 2.1 and 2.2, as on September 22, 2005, the flow of Sg. Muda at Jambatan Syed Omar, Kedah increased to 5 cumecs (ARI 10 years) compared to its August reading of 3 cumecs (ARI 20 years).

2.2 Three other rivers, namely Sg. Kelantan at Jambatan Guillemard, Sg. Bernam at Jambatan SKC, Sg. Kurau at Pondok Tanjung and Sg. Kerian at Selama have a low flow ranging from 2 to 10 years ARI.

2.3 Table 2.2 shows the on-line reading of 10 water level stations extracted from the Drought Information Website as on September 22, 2005.

Table 2.1 : Drought Monitoring by River Flow

Station

Id Name State

River Flow (m³/s)

April 30 May 30 June 6 July 18 Aug. 15 Sept. 22

5721480 Sg.Kelantan @ Guillerdmard Bridge

Kelanta

n 83 254 245 128 102 136

5606480 Sg.Muda @ Syed

Omar Bridge Kedah 19 21 21 11 3 5 2816490 Sg.Langat @

Dengkil Selangor 10 7 7 25 27 8 3813480 Sg.Bernam @ SKC

Bridge Selangor 19 16 16 13 11 16 4809490 Sg.Perak @ Kuala

Kangsar Perak 191 184 184 183 150 184

5007490 Sg.Kurau @ Pondok

Tanjong Perak 3.4 4.1 4.1 3.8 1.2 1.8 5206490 Sg.Kerian @ Selama Perak 5.3 6.3 6.3 6.9 5.5 7.7 3424490 Sg.Pahang @

Temerloh Pahang 258 277 277 330 187 249 2527490 Sg Muar @ Buluh

Kasap Johor No data 9

1737490 Sg.Johor @ Rantau

Panjang Johor 5.3 3 3 18 2 10

Table 2.2 : Drought Monitoring by River Flow

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10 (on-line Infokemarau)

3. Drought Monitoring by Dam Storage

3.1 From the six dams being monitored by this Division as shown in Table 3.1 and 3.2, two dams i.e. Macap and Sembrong, their water level are still below the alert level with reading of 14.55 m and 6.22 m respectively. Based on rainfall analysis for this particular area shows that the standard deviation ranging from –13.3% and –31.0%.

3.2 The different between the current level with the alert level for both dams i.e.

Machap and Sembrong dam are 0.57m and 0.97m respectively. Their remaining storages are 41.9 % (higher than August 2005 reading) and 23.66%

(lower than August 2005 reading).

3.3 The Batu, Klang Gate, Timah Tasoh and Bekok dam show an increase in water level by 7.92m, 0.65m, 0.54m and 0.76m above the alert level. Table 3.2 shows the on-line dam monitoring in Drought Information Website on September 22, 2005.

(16)

11 Table 3.1 : Water Level of the Dams being monitored

(confine to those dams regulated by DID)

Comparison of data between July 18, Aug. 15 and Sept. 22, 2005)

Table 3.2 : Drought Monitoring by Dam Level (on-line Infokemarau)

Station

Id Name State Alert Level

(m)

Water Level (m)

Remainin g Dam Storage (MCM)

Remaining Dam Storage

(%) July

18

Aug.

15

Sept 22

July

18 Aug. 15 Sept 22

July

18 Aug. 15 Sept 22 3216490

Batu

Dam KL 93.00 101.66 101.42 100.92 29.74 29.24 28.2 90.39 90.83 87.62

3217480

Klang Gates Dam

KL 90.00 90.62 90.11 90.65 18.16 17.16 18.22 63.64 60.12 63.85

6602481

Timah Tasoh Dam

Perlis 27.68 28.00 28.02 28.22 19.91 20.12 22.29 60.42 61.06 67.65

1832480 Macap

Dam Johor 15.12 14.59 14.26 14.55 4.54 3.30 4.38 43.42 31.51 41.9 1931480 Sembrong

Dam Johor 7.19 6.50 6.30 6.22 5.35 4.49 4.16 30.42 25.51 23.66 2030481 Bekok

Dam Johor 12.50 13.26 13.26 13.26 30.97 30.97 30.97 97.34 97.34 97.34

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12 3.4 Figure 3.1 shows that, the Macap Dam level has fall below the alert level since

March 25, 2005. The monthly rainfall during this period starting March until August is 97.5 mm (March), 134.5 mm (April), 163 mm (May), 46 mm (June), 171.5 mm (July) and 218.5 mm (August) respectively.

By observing the hydrograph of the Macap dam as in Fig. 3.1 below, the worst case of drought is expected to occur if there is no or little rain in the coming months thus affecting further drawdown of the water level. But historically, during the intermonsoon period from middle of September until middle of October, the case of no or less rain can be considered as very unsual. On the other hand, we would say that more rain will be received during this period of time. The lowest water level reading for Machap Dam is recorded on March 8 & 9, 1997 i.e 13.59m caused by the small rainfall amount of only 39mm for the two previous months i.e January and February 1997.

Figure 3.1 : Water Level at Macap Dam, Johor

Water Level at Macap Dam

13.00 13.50 14.00 14.50 15.00 15.50 16.00 16.50 17.00 17.50 18.00

0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000

Daily

Reservoir level (m)

Alert Level = 15.12 meter

06 Jan 1988 31 August 2005

(18)

13 3.4 Figure 3.2 shows the hydrograph for the water level of Sembrong Dam, Johor.

From this figure, we can clearly observe that there are many cases of the drawdown of water level, but the recent one is quite critical as the water level has fell below the alert level. This drawdown of water level is due to less rainfall recorded during the previous months starting April.

Figure 3.2 : Water Level at Sembrong Dam, Johor

Water Level at Sembrong Dam

4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13

0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000

Daily

Reservoir level (m)

Alert Level = 7.19 meter

19 Apr 1984 30 June 2005

report on drought condition

R EPORT ON D ROUGHT C ONDITION

FOR

P ENINSULAR M ALAYSIA

(BASED ON HYDROLOGIC ANALYSIS)

September 22, 2005

CONTENTS

Report on Drought Condition for Peninsular Malaysia (Based on Hydrologic Analysis)

22 September 2005

FIGURE A1 : ISOHYET OF RAINFALL DEVIATION FROM LTM

FOR THE MOVING 3 MONTHLY RAINFALL OF JUN– OGOS 2005

MONTHLY RAINFALL STATUS 2005 MONTH : OGOS 2005

MONTHLY RAINFALL STATUS 2005 MONTH : OGOS 2005

R ^{EPORT ON} D ^ROUGHT C ^ONDITION

P ^ENINSULAR M ^ALAYSIA