 To ‘clarify’ the publishing process.

(1)

Motivation to Publish in SCOPUS and High

Impact Journal Paper

(2)

 To ‘clarify’ the publishing process.

 To observe good practice in academic writing.

 To provide tips, insider knowledge and key

questions to maximize your chances to publish in the impact journal.

 To encourage all of you to publish in JAMT.

 Follow-up: We always available to help.

 To get you sharing your knowledge, i.e. to get you

writing.

(3)

FREE formula !!

FREE

Fun

Relax

Exercise

Eat

(4)

Content

 What are the ?

 What is a ?

 Why We Need to a top tiered

Journal Paper?

 Type of Papers

 Which is the ?

 The

 How to

(5)

• Knowledge

• Spreading of

• Enhance - This may attract and

• Enhance -This

may affect ranking, student intake and research funding.

• Demonstrate This technical

knowledge demonstrating the level of our research.

by subject specialists.

is enhanced by attributed publications.

• Developing an

• Enlarging

(6)

WHAT IS YOUR

PERSONAL REASON FOR PUBLISHING?

Requirement

Share

Knowledge Responsibility

Get promoted

(7)

 Types of journals

 Indexed Journal ( - higher priority)

 Open

 Other journals (Non-indexed)

 Conference proceedings (Indexed / Non-indexed)

(8)

 Scope of Journal

 ISI/Scopus Indexed

 IMPACT Factor

 Journal Format

 Publication frequency

 Publication history

Submitting the Paper

Where to submit??

(9)

Submitting the Paper

journalfinder.elsevier.com/

(10)

(11)

http://www.edanzediting.com/journal_selector

Submitting the Paper

(12)

(13)

Elsevier’s Journals

(14)

Hindawi’s Journals

(15)

Taylors and Francis’s Journals

(16)

Springer’s Journals

(17)

The H-index is an index that attempts to measure both the .

The index is based on the .

The definition of the index is that a scholar with an index of h has published h papers each of which has been cited in other papers at least h times.

Thus, the h-index reflects both the number of publications and the number of citations per publication.

can also be applied to the

, such as a department or university or country.

(18)

(19)

(20)

relevant to your fields/areas to submit to

 Ensure your papers have

 Have an as

research collaborators

!

 Once you have , then

(21)

(22)

 Rejection

for rejection

(23)

to the

 Paper to

in the discipline

 Paper does

 The paper is

 Paper has

for presentation

(24)

• Paper describes a

• The research

• The

• The paper has

• The data have been

• The

• The paper

(25)

(26)

 The paper is

 The

 The paper is

 The paper has been (editor may

view that if , he/she

must be )

(27)

CRITERIA THAT

EDITORS/REVIEWERS NORMALLY USED

(28)

Contribution to

knowledge Level of

contribution Adds to what is already known

Advancement and broad application at

things Value and

interest to academic/

industry Conceptual

consistency Advancement

of current expertise Stimulates

further research

New insights

(29)

Innovativeness and originality

Novel research

Presents new ideas, approaches,

ways of looking

Different, unique, puzzling Makes a

difference

Novel !!

• New and not similar to something formerly known or used

• Original or striking especially in conception or style

(30)

Meets Journal Objectives

Appropriateness in relation to the mission and focus

of the journal

Criteria specific to the

journal

Relevant to journal readers Submission

criteria Interest/

significance of topic

(31)

Clarity of writing

Well written

and

argued Read by others before send out

Non convoluting

style

Clearly organized Easy to read,

understood at first reading Uncomplicated

writing, No jargon Arguments flow logically

Logically structured

(32)

Use of literature

Adequacy literature of

review Comprehensive and relevant

review

Show

understanding of the context

Reading covers the key literature Covering

theories in the mainstream

journals Appropriate

use of what has been written Strong

conceptual basis

Theoretical foundation

(33)

Quality of argument

Sound logic

Credible convincingand

Use of Evidence

Interesting compellingand Logical

flow Clarity of

thought, logic and argument Presentation

Innovative argument

(34)

(35)

Research methodology and

data analysis

Clearly stated objectives

Appropriate method

Clearly described

method

Technical merit Appropriate

research design Accurate

interpretation of statistics and findings

conclusion Adequacy

of data analysis

Well conceived

(36)

RESEARCH IMPLICATIONS

Practical implications

Consideration of so what

impact

Findings of relevanceany Reasonable

conclusions Conclusions

supported by findings

(37)

BEING PUBLISHED MEANS…

• Your paper is – published material enters a

the ‘ ’ –

• Your paper is – through the interventions of , , sub-editors and

• Your paper is – it becomes

available to a far greater audience

• Your writing is – material which has been published carries a . Someone apart from the author thinks it’s

(38)

(39)

SOME KEY QUESTIONS

• Does it communicate?

• Is it clear?

• Is there a logical progression without unnecessary duplication?

• Why was it written? What’s new?

• Are the conclusions valid?

• Is the methodology robust?

• Can it be replicated?

• Is it honest – don’t hide any limitations of the research?

• You’ll be found out.

• How do findings apply to the world of practice?

• Does it pinpoint the way forward for future research?

• Does it take an international, global perspective?

(40)

BEFORE YOU

WRITE A PAPER…

(41)

ORIGINALITY OF YOUR IDEA

 Have you done and ?

 Is there in your work?

 Is the to a ?

 Have you to any ?

If all answers are “ ”, then start

(42)

TYPES OF REFERRED JOURNAL PAPERS

Research Notes

Review Articles

Miniature Articles

Supplemental

Articles Letters Research

Papers

Types of Journal

Articles

Generally

• Research

papers

(43)

SHORT

COMMUNICATIONS

• Quick and early communications of significant, original advances

• Much shorter than full articles.

Sample Short Communications Titles

• A proposed rapid screening technique for new reverse osmosis membranes. Desalination, 285, p. 399-400 (2012)

• Dispersion of particulate clusters via the rapid vaporization of interstitial liquid. Powder Technology, 215-216, p. 223-226 (2012)

(44)

ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLES

• Standard for disseminating completed research findings

• Typically 8-10 pages, 5-12 figures, 3-6 tables, 25-50 references

• Draft and submit the paper to appropriate journal

• Good way to build a scientific research career

(45)

REVIEW PAPERS

• Critical synthesis of a specific research topic

• Typically 10+ pages, 5+ figures, 80-150 references

• Typically solicited by journal editors

• Good way to consolidate a scientific research career

Sample Review Paper Titles

“Cross-flow microfiltration applied to oenology: A review”

“Boron removal from saline water: a comprehensive review”

“Review on solvent extraction of cadmium from various solutions”

(46)

JOURNAL SELECTION

• It is not (only) the Impact Factor, it is (mainly) the right audience!

• Consult the Journal homepage to learn:

– Aims and scope

– Accepted types of articles – Readership

– Current hot topics

• go through the abstracts of recent publications

• TIP: Articles in your references will likely lead you to the right journal.

DO NOT gamble by submitting your manuscript

to more than one journal at a time.

(47)

Consult the

Journal Homepage

(48)

READ THE ‘GUIDE FOR AUTHORS’! AGAIN

AND AGAIN!

• Apply the to your manuscript, even to the

(text layout, paper citation, nomenclature, figures and table, etc.). It will , and the editor’s.

• All editors on poorly prepared manuscripts.

(49)

LANGUAGE EDITING SERVICES

American Journal Experts (www.journalexperts.com)

Proofreading service (http://www.proof-reading-service.com/)

Asia Science Editing (www.asiascienceediting.com)

Diacritech Language Editing Services (www.languageedit.com)

Edanz Editing (www.edanzediting.nl)

International Science Editing

(www.internationalscienceediting.com)

ScienceDocs Editing Services (www.sciencedocs.com)

SPI Publisher Services (www.prof-editing.com)

(50)

WHY IS LANGUAGE IMPORTANT?

Save your editor and reviewers the trouble of guessing what you mean

Complaint from an editor:

“[This] paper fell well below my threshold. I refuse to spend time

trying to understand what the author is trying to say. Besides, I really want to send a message that they can't submit garbage to us and expect us to fix it. My rule of thumb is that if there are more than 6 grammatical errors in the abstract, then I don't waste my time

carefully reading the rest.”

(51)

WHICH IS THE

SUITABLE JOURNAL?

• Quality of

–decide on

• Decide on

from that journal if your not

(52)

COHERENCE

A Key Question is:

does what we’ve written approach the subject in a

logical way?

(53)

ONLINE

SUBMISSION

• Most of the publishers now offer a process

• Article is submitted and all of the also happens online

• Speeds up the

• Is invaluable for authors in low-income countries

(54)

TARGET TO AVOID DESK REJECT!

 Identify a few but be

 Follow the – , ,

, , etc

 Find out where to (editor, online submission e.g. Scholar One/Editorial manager).

which can be found in a web site

 Read at least

– opportunity to speak directly to

the editor, convince them of the importance of your

manuscript to the journal

(55)

HOW TO PREPARE MANUSCRIPT?

 Write in manner

 Do from

(plagiarism) (check using www.turnitin.com )

 Prepare according to the

journal’s ‘ ’

 Check references (use www.scopus.com;

www.sciencedirect.com ), Endnote; Mendeley; other systems

 For practical advice, e-mail:

[email protected]

(56)

PUBLISHING ETHICS

• No permitted

• Appropriate identification of / researchers

• Appropriate identification of co-authors

• Include involved

• Obtain before submitting

paper

• Must be

• not a

(not interpretations)

NOTE: Industry wide software “ ” being rolled out to detect plagiarism, or dual submissions.

(57)

IMPORTANT

PUBLISHING ADVICE

oSubmit to the (scope, speed and prestige)

oSubmit only to one journal

oCheck the ! (http://www.proof-reading-service.com/)

to the

oPay attention to (GfAs)

oBe !

(58)

KEY ELEMENTS OF PUBLISHING

of paper

/journal

• Publisher’s

(59)

THE PRINCIPLES OF STYLE

 Prefer to

 Cut

(60)

THE PRINCIPLES OF STYLE

• Avoid

• Prefer

• Be

• Don ’ t be

• Be careful with

• Add a dash of colour, just a dash

(61)

HOW TO PREPARE A GOOD MANUSCRIPT?

The general structure of a full article

• Title

• Abstract

• Keywords

• Main text (IMRAD)

Introduction

Methods

Results

And

Discussions

• Conclusions

• Acknowledgement

• Reference

• Supplementary materials

• Highlights

• Novelty

Make them easy for indexing and searching! (informative, attractive, effective)

Journal space is precious. Make your article as brief as possible

(62)

THE STRUCTURE OF A TYPICAL JOURNAL

PAPER

Introduction

Literature Review Problem statement

Objective

Methodology

Experimentation Simulation

Conclusion

Results & Discussion

(63)

List of Co-authors

Is there a limit number of

co-author????

(64)

List of Co-authors

(65)

HIGHLIGHTS

 May be mandatory for your journal

 3-5 bullets that convey the core findings of the article

 Maximum 85 characters (including spaces) per bullet

point

(66)

HIGHLIGHTS / Examples

• The shape factor of α-Al increased when Mg amount is increased.

• T6 heat treatment has increased the strength of the thixoformed alloys.

• The elongation after T6 heat treatment is even significantly improved..

• Thixoformed alloy with high Mg content shows a brittle type fracture.

(67)

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACTS

• May be mandatory for your journal

• Summarize article content in a concise, pictorial form

(68)

TITLE

(69)

TITLE

Title – what is the paper broadly about?

Your opportunity to .

Reviewers will check whether the and

whether it of the manuscript.

that make or

;

Identify the main issue of the paper

Begin with the subject of the paper

Are accurate, unambiguous, specific and complete

Are as short as possible

(70)

TITLE

Should be

Should in describing the study

the investigation Should be ,

in title carefully for clarity and accuracy Avoid

Avoid

(71)

Tips: Highlight the “strength”

of your paper

Example

Ex: Experimental and Numerical Study of Thermo- Hydraulic Performance of Circumferentially Ribbed Tube with Al₂O₃ Nanofluid

Ex: The Effect of Mg addition in Al-Si thixoformed alloys

Ex: The Significant Effect of Turbulent Characteristics on Heat Transfer Enhancement using Nanofluids: A Comprehensive Review

Ex: Recent Progress on Lattice Boltzmann Simulation of Nanofluids: A Review

(72)

72

(73)

(74)

AUTHORS &

AFFILIATIONS

• Affiliation: Give the when writing the .

• E-mail address is also very useful (increasingly required by journals)

• Sometimes Phone and Fax number also important

(75)

AUTHORS &

AFFILIATIONS

• Write out first names or only use initials?

of the journal you propose to publish in.

• Full name is of advantage if

• There is and

• You are a field. Specially important if you

are the , so that your work isn’t cited.

(76)

Abstract

(77)

Introduction/Motivation (optional)

Importance of your work, the difficulty of the area, the impact it might have if successful

Problem statement/study case

What problem are you trying to solve. What is the scope of your work

Approach

How did you go about solving or making progress on the problem.

Did you use simulation, analytical model or prototype construction.

What important variables did you control, ignore or measure

.

Results

What is the answer

Conclusion (optional)

What are the implication of your answer

Abstract

(78)

ABSTRACT

• Good Abstract

• Aim/ Objectives/ purposes of study (C) [1-2 sentences)

• Scope of the research/ significance of study [2-3 sentences]

• Describe the methodology used (C) [2-3 sentences]

• Summarize most important results (c) [2-3 sentences]

• Conclusion, practical implications, and recommendation (C) [1-2 sentences]

• Avoid acronyms and mathematical symbols

Write a very strong abstract !

(79)

ABSTRACT

Not include

A clear abstract will if your work is considered further

Length limits are strict: (100-200 words)

Only include that are

contained in the main paper Avoid include

Avoid material

(80)

ABSTRACT

Do not include any

, paragraphs.

Write in the

Answer the following :

• What was done?

• Why was it done?

• How was it done?

• What was found?

• What is the significance of the findings?

(81)

COMMON MISTAKES:

ABSTRACT

Missing

(82)

Abstract

Thixoforming is a viable technology for forming alloys in a semisolid state into near net-shaped products. In the present study, the effect of a thixoforming process on the microstructure and mechanical properties of A319 aluminium alloy was

investigated. The ingots obtained from the cooling slope were thixoformed in a press after they remained at 571 C for 5 min, yielding a microstructure

predominantly composed of a-Al globules and inter-globular Si particles. Some of the thixoformed samples were treated with an ageing process (T6) and then,

hardness and tensile samples were prepared from the as-cast, asthixoformed and thixoformed T6. All the thixoformed samples were characterised using optical

microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) as well as hardness measurements and tensile tests. The results indicate that the mechanical properties of the thixoformed A319 alloy

increased after the T6 heat treatment (hardness of 124.2 -3.2 HV, tensile strength of 298 -3.0 MPa, yield strength of 201 ± 2.6 MPa and elongation to fracture of 4.5 ± 0.3%). The fracture samples from the tensile test were analysed, revealing that the iron-rich intermetallic observed in the samples reduced the tensile strength and ductility of the thixoformed A319 alloys.

introduction

Study case

Approach

Results

(83)

KEYWORDS

Keywords –

 It is the .

 Avoid words with a .

E.g., the word “soil” in “Soil Biology & Biochemistry” should not be selected as a keyword.

 Only abbreviations in the field are eligible (e.g., DNA).

 Check the ! (for Example, “Wear” journal.

 Try to avoid compound words

(84)

KEYWORDS

• Usually included under the .

• Should be , which the subject

matter.

• There are very important but as after thought

• Must get them right if we want our paper to be found in

• When writing keywords, think about the

and we might use in a of

this topic.

(85)

EXAMPLE OF

KEYWORDS

(86)

Introduction

(87)

INTRODUCTION

• Should introduce the Should include:

Bring the reader from to the point

of your research .

Provide detailed

in the field.

Provide an used.

Introduce the .

Normally at the end of this section and that lead you to do this research.

(88)

INTRODUCTION

• Clearly state the:

• Problem

• Background that

for conducting the research

• Summarize to

• State how from published work

• Identify the

• Explain , if any, you are

• Briefly , ,

; general experimental design or method

• Don’t try to show readers that you have

LOGICAL FRAMEWORK

(89)

INTRODUCTION

 Editors like to see that you have provided a with nature of the journal.

 You need to

on which your work is based. (

and , including )

 However, they of too many

references , or

on your own achievements.

 They will think that you at all!

(90)

INTRODUCTION

Unclear Ambiguous Indefinite

Does of the study

Scopes is

(common in the social sciences studies)

(91)

ASK YOURSELF?

What do you in the area concerned?

What are the ?

Are there ?

What views ?

What

the research problem?

(92)

12 GUIDING QUESTIONS for Literature review

•What is in the immediate area of concern?

•What are the that help explain the fact?

•What are the or the ?

•What are ?

•How do what we know?

have been used to study the event?

•What are the ?

•Where are there or other in our knowledge and understanding?

•What views ?

•What ?

•Why the research problem?

•What be expected to make to the knowledge base?

(93)

SHORTCOMINGS OF LITERATURE REVIEW

Do in the literature

the knowledge base?

Argues about the topic.

Do not provide .

from the literature review.

(94)

INTRODUCTION

:

Never use .

Never make this section into a .

Long introductions put .

Introductions of Letters Short Communications) are .

We all know that you are keen to .

But do not forget that you need to give the .

Do not with results, discussion, and conclusion.

Always to ensure that the manuscript

from .

Expressions such as “ ”, “ ”, “ ”,

“ ” are not preferred. Use them

.

(95)

• The introduction serves as an orientation for readers, giving them the perspective they need to understand the detailed information coming in later sections.

• Introduction section should contain review of up to date literature.

• This section should explain the novelty of the work.

• It should also discuss the objective and significance of the work.

• This section should not normally exceed four typed pages (double spaced)

Introduction

(96)

First Stage: general statements about a field of research to provide the reader with a setting for the problem to be reported.

(97)

Second Stage: More specific statements about the aspects of the problem already studies by other researchers. (literature review)

1. Author as a subject

(98)

2. Time frame reference

(99)

3. Research topics as subject

(100)

4. Research objectives as subject

(101)

5. Statement

(102)

CRITICAL REVIEW ON THE LITERATURE

(103)

(104)

(105)

Good LR

(106)

Good LR

(107)

Third Stage: Statements that indicate the need for more investigation. (Research gap/novelty of the study)

(108)

(109)

(110)

(111)

(112)

Fourth Stage: Very specific statements giving the purpose/objectives of the writer’s study.

(113)

Fifth Stage: Significant of the study

(114)

Methods and materials

(115)

METHODS AND MATERIALS

Describe how the

Include , so that a can

.

Previously published procedures in depth:

and to the protocol and/or

in Supplemental Material

Identify the equipment and materials used

 Provide source and related product information (company, molecular weight etc)

Write out full chemical/biological compound names (followed by abbreviation) then use abbreviations throughout paper

 Make sure that all symbols are defined.

Reviewers will or (and may

recommend rejection).

(116)

METHODS AND MATERIALS

•Equipment, materials and method

•Assumption, mathematical tools and method

•Inputs (B.C and I.C.) , computational tools and method

Explain what is

Give that the reader can reproduce

For well-known methods:

For methods but not well known:

For methods that yourself develop:

(117)

METHODS AND MATERIALS

Should be written in

May include tables and figures—

(adopted form)

• Tables of

How will you demonstrate that your

is

,

(118)

METHODS AND MATERIALS

Documents in your study

Summarize in your what you did

Describe in were obtained so that a peer can

repeat procedure It should be

For materials considered following

•Exact technical specification

•Quantities

•Preparation method and source

For industrial products, unless the nature of the product differ from one to another company

Use

Try to of the section consistent with the result

(119)

METHODS AND MATERIALS

Methodology need to be . More

details is required for

Remember that this section . It should

Statistical analysis must be pertain and thorough enough

, should be

reported in order

(120)

RESULTS

in scientific paper unless they are needed to

or summation of the data

then present them in the and/or descriptions of the

and

Present the converted data, and

. The

, .

(121)

RESULTS

Avoid /

Discuss how data

with previous work

Do in the results section

The most common mistakes in this section are the inclusion of

(122)

Results

(123)

RESULTS

• Generally, the actual .

are often used for

with those of previous works, or with calculated/theoretical values.

the information

described .

(124)

RESULTS

• Illustrations should be used for data only.

Comment from an Editor: Can't you describe the results of , since this figure does not show

? You should

!!

• The should be .

• It should details to make the

without referring to the text.

Indication from a reviewer: readers often

and .

(125)

RESULTS

Un-crowded plots: ;

; ; and

to differentiate.

Each must have a of the on one corner.

Use when necessary. If different

the meaning, or other

.

Do not include ! (e.g., chemical compositions of emulsion systems)

(126)

RESULTS

An example of an unreadable figure with the unnecessary usage of color

(127)

HIGH-QUALITY ILLUSTRATIONS

K-promoted Pd/MgO calcined uncalcined

0 1 2 3 4

K - promoter added (wt%)

rate (a.u.)

16

12

8

4

0

K-promoted Pd/Al2O3 calcined

uncalcined

0 1 2 3 4

K - promoter added (wt%)

rate (a.u.)

16

12

8

4

0

(128)

TABLES AND

FIGURES CAPTIONS

• List all the on a separate page

• Each is on a separate page

• Presents results of research

• Should be

should be

• Should be

• Should include

i.e. SD

(129)

RESULTS

Depth Gravel Sand Mud

5 m 3,42% 81.41% 15,17%

50 m 2,5% 58.42% 39.08%

100 m 0,0% 32.5% 67.5%

Water depth (m) Gravel (%) Sand (%) Mud (%)

5 3.4 81.4 15.2

50 2.5 58.4 39.1

100 0 32.5 67.5

Revision of the table

(130)

DISCUSSION- At a Glance

 What ?

 What is an ?

 What are the of

the study in ?

 Why might we have ?

 What ?

 What and

 What ?

(131)

DISCUSSION

What the results mean

 It is the of your article.

 A huge numbers of because

the .

 Make the . But

do the results.

 You need to with yours.

 DO with yours –

and that you are

.

(132)

DISCUSSION

Check for the following:

How do in the

Introduction section?

Do ?

Are your results have reported?

Discuss . If your results were

unexpected,

Is there your results?

What would be necessary to answer the questions raised by your results?

Have you explained what is ?

(133)

DISCUSSION

Watch out for the non-quantitative words!

Low/high; Extremely; Enormous;

Rapidly; Dramatic; Massive;

Considerably; Exceedingly; Major,

minor; …

(134)

DISCUSSION

Answer Give

Establish Explain

(135)

WEAKNESS IN

DISCUSSION SECTION

• Comparison are made between current and previous findings

for unexpected findings

Does

that is

(136)

Results and discussions section is the most important

Part of the manuscript in which critical analysis of the results are done.

 Any limitations of the results presented or techniques used in the study are to be highlighted in this section.

Care should be taken to avoid any errors of logic and facts.

Sufficient number of Figures and Tables with good quality

Results and Discussion

(137)

Results and Discussion

(138)

Results and Discussion

(139)

Highlight your findings!!!!!

Results and Discussion

(140)

Results: Figure

(141)

Conclusion

(142)

CONCLUSION

How the from the

Without a section reviewers and readers will find it , and whether or not it

in the journal.

DON’T , or just list .

of your results are unacceptable in this section.

You should provide a for your work in this

section, and if appropriate.

Moreover, you can and

.

(143)

CONCLUSION

• An example:

In conclusion, our results obtained with mice increase the knowledge on CPF- induced adverse effects, up to now

limited to rats. They seem to suggest that not all the CPF effects measured in rats and the related doses can be directly extrapolated to mice, which seem to be more susceptible at least to acute

treatment. Even though many questions still remain open, our findings show that the mouse could be considered a suitable experimental model for future studies on the toxic action of organophosphorus pesticides focused on mechanisms, long term and age-related effects.

• Contribution to the particular area

• Practical significance

• Future work clearly stated

(144)

CONCLUSION

the

Summary of

Future research ( )

(145)

CONCLUSION

Conclusions are of the study

It is of the conclusions that you have

made

It helps to organize these as

Ordered from

All conclusions should be

(146)

Conclusions

(147)

Conclusions

(148)

Conclusions

(149)

Conclusions

(150)

Conclusions

(151)

Conclusions

(152)

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

(153)

REFERENCES

o and

o Be o

o Do not

o Use for journal

(154)

REFERENCES

Typically, in the references than any

other part of the manuscript. It is one of the

, and causes great headaches among editors…

Cite the on which your work is

Do not the manuscript with – it

doesn’t make a !

Avoid

Avoid from the .

(155)

REFERENCES

• Make the and the

to the style given in the

!!!

• Presentation in the is the

, not the Editor!

is normally a large job for the editors. Make their work easier and they

will .

• Check the following:

,

Usages of “et al.”, and punctuations.

(156)

REFERENCES

Comments from a frustrated editor: (Learn from them…)

• Your list of references is a !! Take a very careful look at articles in our

. Thus, do not use the word 'and' between names of authors. Do not use a comma after the name of the journal. Do never use et al. in a reference. You

!!! Do not mention the last page of an article; the first page is sufficient in our journal.

And so on, and so on!!

(157)

LANGUAGE –

LONG SENTENCES

Direct and short sentences are preferred!

• Long sentences will not make the

. They only confuse readers.

 Nowadays, the average in

scientific writing is about 12-17 words.

 It is said that in .

Long sentences .

or per sentence is

. in one sentence.

(158)

LANGUAGE –

LONG SENTENCES Problems with long sentences:

or (e.g.,

“It has been found that there had been many …”) makes sentences complex.

of sentences with

words or dangling modifiers. (e.g., “because…, so…”,

“Although…, but…”, “considering…, it is…”)

of in one sentence.

(e.g., “It has already been found that when…there would be … which…while…”)

connected by “and”

in one sentence.

(159)

LANGUAGE –

REPETITION AND REDUNDANCY

As far as … is concerned

At the present time

By means of

In order to

In view of the fact that

Red in colour

Small in size

Until such time as

Adequate enough

Research work

Schematic diagram

...

As for

At present, or now

By

To

Since; because

Red

Small

Until

Adequate

Research, or work

Scheme, or diagram

(160)

:

• Plagiarism

• Any text in the paper.

• Tables, figures.

• Zero tolerance.

• Is this paper look similar to your previous one?

• Copy-and-paste.

and .

checking tools.

(161)

• Write paper for you only!

have known everything you know.

• Lacking of or crowded with them.

• Lacking or unfairly diminish others work.

, , just “we did this,

we did that…”

(162)

in parts.

• Include long contents.

.

• Incomprehensible writing

• Many .

usage.

more than text.

(163)

is a discipline!

• Writing paper with

.

• Write long and complex sentences

– Keep it short and simple

• Context repetition

ourselves.

in a paragraph

(164)

Academic writing is a discipline!

vs. voice

tends to use

while tends to .

• Over-sell/over-generalize words (e.g “paradigm”)

• Buzz words (cool but shallow).

• Controversy words.

(165)

Conclusion: what

leads to Acceptance?

Attention to detail

Check and double check your work

Consider the reviews

English must be as good as possible

Presentation is important

T ake your time with revision

Acknowledge those who have helped you

New original and previously unpublished

Critically evaluate your own manuscript

Ethical rules must be obeyed

(166)

FORMATTING

• Read

• Create a document

– Separate

and

(167)

FORMATTING

• Don’t forget to include a

on the cover page

• Acknowledgements

• Authors/Corresponding Author

– Which order!!!

– Student, Post-doc and Supervisor??

(168)

Question???