Using Mobile Phone and Wireless Sensor Networks

In addition, a prototype capable of wirelessly monitoring and diagnosing the patient in real time is being developed to solve the critical problem that the patients' activities are limited by the dangling wire and the weight of the electrocardiogram machine. The pulse sensor measures and registers the heartbeat and converts it into electrical signal form. The signals are amplified and sent to the controller for proper treatment and determination of the heartbeat.

The heart disease can be detected if the threshold value for the heartbeat frequency is exceeded at the maximum. The mobile phone used for monitoring purposes to display the patient's heart rate on the phone screen. The percentage error of the result within two products is quite low, namely less than 4.1%.

Thus, this paper proposes a reliable diagnostic system, which continuously and real-time monitors heart rate and provides a preventive method of heart diseases. Sensors can be attached and inserted into the body, more heart disease can be monitored by modifying the system.

BACKGROUND

In addition, the mobile phone acts as a fundamental part of human life, it constitutes an ideal platform for portable, real-time assisted medical diagnosis. The mobile phone is powerful with the availability of memory and batteries for data storage and processing.

FIGURE 1: Idea of Heart Monitoring System

PROBLEM STATEMENT

OBJECTIVES

SCOPE OF STUDY

APPLICATION OF HEART DISEASE DETECTION

Classification of Electrocardiography
Classification of Irregular heart rate
Classification of High Blood Pressure
Classification of High Blood Cholesterol

A remote heart attack detection system can automate the process of recording EKG data from the user. An irregular heartbeat means an unorganized heartbeat, either too slow or too fast in a short period of time. A pulse sensor can be used to measure the heart rate for the detection of heart disease.

About 70% to less than 90% of the maximum heart rate represents the heart rate during hard physical activity [9]. As an example, Figure 5 shows a wearable wireless sensor system (WWSS) designed to detect the patient's pulse and heartbeat. The system will record the patient's heart rhythm in real time and transmit wirelessly to the mobile phone [8].

The heart will struggle to pump enough blood throughout the body, ultimately increasing the risk of heart disease. With high blood pressure, people's muscles will become thick and cause insufficient oxygen supply. The condition will become worse if combined cholesterol deposits in blood vessels increase the risk of stroke and heart attack [10].

For example, the Omron M6 Comfort [11] is a blood pressure device that helps detect hypertension. Therefore, there is no measurement "blind spot" for the device to detect a person's blood pressure. However, if there is too much cholesterol in bold, the arteries harden.

The cholesterol in the blood will cause the narrowing of the arteries and cause difficult blood flow to the heart. If oxygen supplied by the heart is cut off by a blockage, this will increase the risk of a heart attack. As an example, Figure 7 shows a CardioChek analyzer which is a blood analyzer with fast, portable and functions.

RELATED WORK

CRITICAL ANALYSIS

INTRODUCTION

Project Overview

This chapter dealt with the development of a mobile application that can display the user's heart rate. The collected data from the pulse sensor is sent to the microcontroller, and the heart rate value is sent to the mobile phone using the HC-05 Bluetooth module. The hardware development of the Arduino Uno microcontroller circuit along with the HC-05 Bluetooth module is discussed in detail.

An electrical signal is converted from an analog to a digital value by an analog-to-digital conversion (ADC) process. Once the signal is converted, the mobile phone acting as a receiver will collect the recording data from the microcontroller using the Bluetooth protocol. Nevertheless, a mobile monitoring application has been developed in the mobile phone, which allows the patient to continuously monitor the heart rate in real time.

Additionally, the mobile phone is used to interface with the microcontroller and display the heart rates on the phone screen. Arduino which is a microcontroller is transmitting the recorded data to the mobile wirelessly using Bluetooth protocol. Before starting the monitoring phase, a command is sent from the phone to the microcontroller to ensure that the phone and the microcontroller are calibrated and ready to receive signals.

Arduino analog-to-digital signal conversion and data transfer between Bluetooth module and mobile phone.

SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT

Bluetooth Development

HARDWARE DEVELOPMENT

Arduino

Pulse Sensor

Bluetooth Protocol: HC05-Bluetooth Module

OVERVIEW OF MOBILE APPLICATION

RESULT FROM MOBILE PHONE

RESULT FROM COMPUTER

COMPARISON WITH EXISTING PRODUCT

In this project, a heart monitoring device using a mobile phone through a wireless sensor network will be able to detect heart disease by analyzing the heartbeat. The device can receive measurement data in real time and transmit them via the Bluetooth protocol. The proposed system is based on a simple and inexpensive wearable sensor that detects the heart rate and wirelessly sends it to a mobile device via an Arduino microcontroller.

The error percentage of the result within the prototype and the existing Omron HEM-7203 product is quite low and is less than 4.1%. Sensors can be attached and implanted in the human body, several heart diseases can be monitored by modifying the system. Minimum and maximum thresholds can be added to monitoring devices and can be adjusted as needed.

New England Institute of Health, Remote Physiological Monitoring: Innovation in the Management of Heart Failure, NEHI Innovation Series. Initializing the counter to zero Starting the heartbeat to zero While the counter is equal to ten. UN-COMMENT THE NEXT LINE IF YOU HAVE SUPPLIED THE LOW VOLTAGE Pulse Sensor.