a ѝॾӪ≁ޡ઼ഭˈᐎˈᐎᐲ⯮⯵亴䱢᧗ࡦѝᗳˈᓄᙕ৽ᓄ、ˈ䛞㕆˖325000DŽ
b ѝॾӪ≁ޡ઼ഭˈᐎˈᐎ५、བྷᆖˈ亴䱢५ᆖ㌫ˈ䛞㕆˖325000DŽ
c ѝॾӪ≁ޡ઼ഭˈᐎˈᐎ५、བྷᆖ䱴ㅜҼ५䲒ˈ⯵Ṹᇔˈ䛞㕆˖325000DŽ
Ք仾ᱟ⭡Ҿ᳤䵢ҾՔ仾ờ⣦㣭ᆒᵶ㧼Ⲵ 㣭ᆒᕅ䎧ˈ䈕㧼൘⧟ຳѝᲞ䙽ᆈ൘DŽՔ 仾ờ⣦㣭ᆒᵶ㧼൘⊑ḃⲴՔਓ༴䖳ᑨ㿱ˈ ሩҾᯠ⭏ݯᶕ䈤൘ᵚ⎸∂᧕⭏ਾⲴ㝀ᑖ༴䖳ᑨ㿱[1,2]DŽ ᯠ⭏ݯՔ仾ᱟਁኅѝഭᇦᯠ⭏ݯ↫ӑⲴањѫ㾱ഐˈ⧠൘ӽ❦ᱟањ䟽㾱Ⲵޜޡছ⭏䰞仈[1,3,4]DŽᦞц
⭼ছ⭏㓴㓷ՠ䇑ˈ
2010
ᒤޘ⨳ᴹ58 000
ᯠ⭏Ⴄݯ↫ҾՔ仾[5]DŽቭ㇑о
20
ц㓚80
ᒤԓᵛᵏ↫ҾՔ仾Ⲵ ᯠ⭏ݯᮠ䟿∄ᐢ㓿䱽վҶ93%
[5]ˈնᱟ䈕⯵൘ਁኅ ѝഭᇦԕ৺ѝഭḀӋ㓿⍾⅐ਁ䗮ൠ४ӽᤱ㔝ਁ⭏[6,7]DŽՔ仾↫ӑ⯵ֻѫ㾱ਁ⭏൘ѝվ᭦ޕഭᇦˈ㔍བྷ䜘࠶
൘ӊ⍢઼䶎⍢[8,9]DŽ
ᯠ⭏ݯՔ仾Ⲵਁ⯵⦷઼↫ӑ⦷൘н਼Ⲵൠ४
઼ഭᇦ䰤ǃԕ৺਼аഭᇦⲴᐲ઼ߌᶁѻ䰤䜭ᴹᡰ
н ਼[8,10]DŽ ѝ ഭ ᯠ ⭏ ݯ Ք 仾 ਁ ⯵ ⦷ Ӿ
2005
ᒤ Ⲵ0.2/100 000
ᙕл䱽ࡠ2012
ᒤⲴ0.05/100 000
[11]DŽᯠ⭏ݯՔ仾ᴹᖸཊᖡ૽ഐ㍐ˈഭ䱵⽮Պ઼ᖸཊ ഭᇦ䜭൘ࣚ࣋ˈᰘ൘⎸䲔Ք仾[5,7]DŽ൘аӋ䍴Ⓚफ़ ѿⲴഭᇦˈᵚ⎸∂᧕⭏઼ӗਾ䖳ᐞⲴছ⭏ᶑԦᱟᯠ⭏
ݯՔ仾Ⲵѫ㾱ড䲙[12–15]DŽ⭡Ҿ᮷ॆᐞᔲᡰሬ㠤Ⲵ н਼࠶ၙᯩᔿ઼㝀ᑖ༴⨶ᯩ⌅ǃᵚ㓿ษ䇝Ⲵࣙӗ༛ǃ ᵚ᧕ਇ䗷ᮉ㛢Ⲵ⡦⇽ǃӗࡽ؍ڕᐞǃ㕪ѿ᧕⿽Ք仾
⯛㤇ㅹഐ㍐ҏо䈕⯵ᴹޣ[4,5,16,17]DŽ↔ཆˈᆓ㢲ǃൠ⨶
४ฏǃ≄ىǃՔ仾ờ⣦㣭ᆒᵶ㧼⍱㹼ᛵߥԕ৺ߌᶁ ߌъӪਓҏоᯠ⭏ݯՔ仾Ⲵਁ⯵⦷ᴹޣ[18]DŽ
ѝഭᐎᯠ⭏ݯՔ仾ড䲙ഐ㍐Ⲵ⯵ֻሩ➗
⹄ウ
Zhou Zu-Mu
aˈShi Hong-Ying
bˈXu Yi
aˈHu Cai-Song
aˈZhang Xiao-Ming
aˈZhao Li-Na
a઼Xie Zuo-Kai
c䙊ؑ㘵˖Zhou Zu-Mu (⭥ᆀ䛞㇡: zhouzumu@126.com).
ᐎᱟѝഭ⎉⊏ⴱьই䜘Ⲵањൠ㓗ᐲˈवᤜ
3
њᐲ४઼8
њ৯४ˈᙫ䶒〟11 784
ᒣᯩޜ䟼DŽӪਓᮠ Ѫ9 122 102
ˈवᤜ2 842 241
ᶕ㠚ഭަԆൠ४Ⲵ⍱ࣘӪਓˈঐᙫӪਓⲴ
31.2%
[19]DŽ䲿⵰ѝഭᐲॆ઼ᐕъॆⲴ໎࣐ˈഭӪਓⲴ
⍱ࣘሶՊᴤ࣐仁㑱DŽ
2011
ᒤѝഭޡᴹ2.3
ӯ⍱ࣘӪ ਓˈঐᙫӪਓⲴ17%
[20]DŽᐎⲴ⍱ࣘӪਓ∄ֻ儈Ҿ ޘഭᒣ൷≤ᒣˈަѝ87.7%
Ⲵ⍱ࣘӪਓᶕ㠚䍥ᐎ઼Ӂ ই䘉Ӌ㓿⍾⅐ਁ䗮ⴱԭ[19]DŽ䍥ᐎⴱᯠ⭏ݯՔ仾⯵ֻᮠӾ
2005
ᒤ276
ֻ䱽ࡠ2012
ᒤ29
ֻˈӁইⴱᯠ⭏ݯՔ仾⯵ֻᮠӾ
2005
ᒤ189
ֻ䱽ࡠ2012
ᒤ64
ֻDŽ 䘉Ӌᯠ⭏ݯՔ仾Ⲵ⯵ֻᮠԓ㺘⵰ѝഭⴱ㓗Ⲵᴰ儈ਁ⯵≤ᒣ[11]DŽ
⭡Ҿ䘁ӋᒤᐎⲴ⍱ࣘӪਓнᯝ໎࣐ˈնᱟ䈕ൠ ४ᯠ⭏ݯՔ仾Ⲵড䲙ഐ㍐ቊн᰾⺞ˈഐ↔ᵜ⹄ウᰘ
൘᧒㍒ᐎᯠ⭏ݯՔ仾Ⲵড䲙ഐ㍐DŽ
ᯩ⌅
ᐎޡᴹ
24
ᇦާᴹݯ、⯵ᡯⲴ५䲒ˈᡁԜ൘ަѝⲴ17
ᇦ५䲒ѝᔰኅҶ⯵ֻሩ➗⹄ウ˄മ1˅DŽ䘉Ӌ५
䲒 ࠶ ᐳ Ҿ ᐎ Ⲵ11
њ ४ ৯ DŽ ᡁ Ԝ Ӿ ⯵ Ṹ ᇔ Ⲵ ⯵ শ ѝ 䘹 ᤙ2000
ᒤ1
ᴸ1
ᰕ 㠣2012
ᒤ12
ᴸ31
ᰕ ᵏ 䰤 䇺 ᯝ Ⲵ ᯠ ⭏ ݯ Ք 仾 ⯵ ֻ ˗ 䘉 Ӌ ⯵ ֻ ⭡ ५ 䲒 Ⲵ Ѥ ᒺ ५ ⭏ 䇺 ᯝ ᒦ 䇠 ᖅ DŽ ᣕ ࡠ ഭ ᇦ ⯮ ⯵ ⴁ ⍻ ؑ ⍱ࣘӪਓǃަԆⴱⲴ⍱ࣘӪਓ˅ˈ᧕⭏ᯩ⌅˄ᰐ㧼 ᡆᴹ㧼˅ˈ᧕⭏ൠ⛩ԕ৺ࣙӗ༛ᱟ᧕ਇ䗷ษ䇝ㅹDŽ ᵚ⎸∂᧕⭏ᱟᤷ⭡ᵚਇ䗷ษ䇝Ⲵࣙӗ༛൘ᇦ᧕⭏ᆙᆀ ᡆ⭡䶎५࣑Ӫઈ༴⨶㝀ᑖDŽ൘ছ⭏ᵪᶴࠪ⭏ᱟᤷࠪ⭏
ൠ⛩൘५䲒ǃছ⭏ᴽ࣑ѝᗳᡆ䇺ᡰDŽ⭡Ҿᴹ
3
њਈ䟿˄᧕⭏ᯩ⌅ǃ᧕⭏ൠ⛩઼ࣙӗ༛Ⲵษ䇝ᛵߥ˅ާᴹ
ޣᙗˈഐ↔ࡋᔪҶањᯠⲴਈ䟿ᶕ㺘⽪ᮤњ࠶ၙ䗷 〻ˈ࠶Ѫ
3
㊫ˈ㊫࡛㺘⽪൘ছ⭏ᵪᶴѝ⭡ਇ䗷ษ䇝Ⲵࣙӗ༛൘ᰐ㧼ᶑԦл᧕⭏˗㊫࡛
2
㺘⽪ᴹлࡇє⿽ᛵߥ ѻа㘵˖ㅜа⿽ᱟ൘ᇦ࠶ၙˈㅜҼ⿽ᱟ⭡ᵚਇ䗷ษ䇝 Ⲵࣙӗ༛᧕⭏ᡆᵚ⎸∂᧕⭏˗㊫࡛3
ᱟᤷ൘ᇦѝ⭡ᵚਇ 䗷ษ䇝Ⲵࣙӗ༛䘋㹼ᵚ⎸∂᧕⭏DŽᮠᦞ䘋㹼ৼᖅޕˈ ሩᖅޕ䭉䈟Ⲵᮠᦞ䘋㹼ṨሩDŽሩ⯵ֻ㓴઼ሩ➗㓴ѻ䰤Ⲵਟ㜭ড䲙ഐ㍐䘋㹼∄
䖳˄वᤜ᧕⭏ᯩ⌅ǃษ䇝ࣙӗ༛ǃ᧕⭏ൠ⛩ǃት≁
㊫රǃ⇽Ӣӗ⅑ǃᯠ⭏ݯᙗ࡛ǃ⇽Ӣᒤ喴઼ᯠ⭏ݯփ 䟽ㅹ˅ˈ࠶㊫ਈ䟿֯⭘ᯩỰ傼ˈ䘎㔝රਈ䟿ྲ⇽
ᣕ ㇑ ⨶ ㌫ 㔏 ѝ Ⲵ ᯠ ⭏ ݯ Ք 仾 ⯵ ֻ 䜭 㓿 䗷 Ҷ Ṩ ᇎ䇺ᯝDŽ
ᵜ⹄ウ䟷⭘ц⭼ছ⭏㓴㓷˄
WHO
˅ᯠ⭏ݯՔ 仾 Ⲵ ⯵ ֻ ᇊ ѹ ⺞ 䇺 ⯵ ֻ Ѫ ᯠ ⭏ ݯ ൘ ࠪ ⭏ ਾ ࡽ є ཙ ਟ↓ᑨⲴ੨ਫ਼઼ଝ䰩ˈ൘3–28
ཙн㜭↓ᑨⲴ੨ਫ਼ˈ ᡆਁ⭏㚼㚹ᕪⴤ઼ᡆ⯹᥋[21]DŽнㅖਸ䈕ᇊѹⲴ⯵ֻ㻛ᧂ䲔DŽ
ሩ➗Ӿ਼ањ⯵Ṹᇔ䘹ᤙDŽṩᦞ⯵ӪⲴ⯵শਧᡆ 䇑㇇ᵪ䇠ᖅਧˈӾо⯵਼ֻᵏޕտ਼а५䲒Ⲵᛓᴹަ
Ԇ⯮⯵˄ྲ㛪⚾ǃݸཙᙗᗳ㜿⯵ˈ㛳㛐⚾ˈᯠ⭏ݯ哴
⯨ㅹ˅Ⲵᯠ⭏ݯѝ䘹ᤙሩ➗DŽ
Ӿ⯵শѝ᭦䳶⯵઼ֻሩ➗Ⲵޣؑˈᒦሶᯠ
⭏ݯՔ仾Ⲵޣড䲙ഐ㍐Ⲵᮠᦞ䗃ޕ㠚㹼䇮䇑Ⲵ
Excel
ᮠᦞᓃѝDŽ᭦䳶Ⲵᮠᦞवᤜਁ⯵ᒤ喴ǃᙗ࡛ǃᆅྷᒤ喴ǃӗ⅑ǃᆅ喴ǃት≁㊫ර˄ᵜൠት≁ǃ⎉⊏ⴱ
മ 1. 2012 ᒤѝഭᐎ५䲒Ⲵൠ⨶࠶ᐳ
ѝॾӪ≁ޡ઼ഭ
ेӜ
ᐎᐲ
മֻ˖
A–≨హ৯Ӫ≁५䲒˗B–ᐎᐲѝᗳ५䲒˗C–ᐎᐲӪ≁५䲒˗D–ᐎ५、བྷᆖ䱴ㅜҼ५䲒˗E–᮷ᡀ৯Ӫ≁५䲒˗F–⌠亪৯Ӫ≁५䲒˗G–Ҁ
ᐲㅜҼӪ≁५䲒˗H–ҀᐲӪ≁५䲒˗I–ҀᐲㅜйӪ≁५䲒˗J–⍎ཤ৯Ӫ≁५䲒˗K–⪎ᆹᐲྷᒬ؍ڕ䲒˗L–⪎ᆹᐲӪ≁५䲒˗M–ᒣ䱣৯Ӫ≁५ 䲒˗N–ᒣ䱣৯ㅜҼ५䲒˗O–㣽ই৯ㅜҼ५䲒˗P–㣽ই৯ㅜй५䲒˗Q–㣽ই৯Ӫ≁५䲒DŽ
ेӜ
ᐎᐲ
≨హ৯
咯४
Ҁᐲ
⬟⎧४
᮷ᡀ৯
⌠亪৯
㣽ই৯ ᒣ䱣৯
⪎ᆹᐲ
嗉⒮४
⍎ཤ४
ݽ䍓༠᰾˖മѝൠฏࡂ
࠶৺ḷ䇶нԓ㺘 ሩԫօഭᇦǃൠ४ǃ
ᐲǃ亶ൠᡆ䗩⭼ս㖞Ⲵ ᘱᓖDŽ
仾㊫∂㍐⯛㤇нཏㅹˈк䘠䘉Ӌഐ㍐൷㻛䇔Ѫᱟᯠ⭏
ݯՔ仾ᝏḃⲴড䲙ഐ㍐[2,6,15,22,23]DŽ
ᵚਇ䗷ษ䇝Ⲵࣙӗ༛䙊ᑨ㕪ѿ⎸∂⸕䇶ˈഐ↔
֯⭘ᵚ⎸∂Ⲵ࠶ၙಘỠDŽࣙӗ༛֯⭘ᵚ⎸∂Ⲵಘާ࠷
ᯝ㝀ᑖⲴڊ⌅ˈ൘ᶕ㠚Ӂইⴱ઼䍥ᐎⴱⲴ⍱ࣘӪਓѝ ᱟ䶎ᑨᲞ䙽Ⲵ[8]DŽՐ㔏кⲴڊ⌅ᱟࣙӗ༛൘ൠк᪄
ањ⻇ˈ⭘ᢃⲴ⬧ಘ⺾⡷ࢢᯝ㝀ᑖ[24]DŽᵜ⅑䈳ḕ ѝˈ䘉⿽ڊ⌅㻛䇠ᖅ൘аӋᘰᆅ⍱ࣘྷྣⲴ䇠ᖅѝDŽ 䘉Ӌнছ⭏Ⲵ࠶ၙ䗷〻䙐ᡀՔ仾ờ⣦㣭ᆒᵶ㧼Ⲵᝏ ḃӾ㘼ᕅ䎧ᯠ⭏ݯՔ仾DŽഐ↔ˈ䪸ሩ⍱ࣘӪਓᔰ ኅڕᓧ׳䘋ሩҾ䱽վᯠ⭏ݯՔ仾ᝏḃ䶎ᑨ䟽㾱ˈ ਟ䟷ਆⲴᒢ亴᧚ᯭवᤜᨀ儈ӗࡽ؍ڕǃ⇽Ӣ᧕⿽Ք 仾⯛㤇ǃ׳䘋ছ⭏࠶ၙǃӗਾ㝀ᑖᣔ⨶઼ޣⲴڕᓧ ᮉ㛢ㅹ[8,25,26]DŽ
ᵜ⹄ウҏᴹаӋተ䲀ᙗDŽаӋᐢ⸕Ⲵᯠ⭏ݯ
Ք仾Ⲵড䲙ഐ㍐ྲ⡦⇽Ⲵᮉ㛢≤ᒣ઼᧕⿽Ք仾⯛㤇
൘⯵শѝᵚ䇠䖭ˈഐ↔ᵚ㜭ሩ䘉є亩ഐ㍐䘋㹼䇴ԧDŽ ᵜ⹄ウṧᵜ䟿䖳ሿˈሬ㠤䖳ᇭⲴਟؑ४䰤DŽ↔ཆˈ
⭡Ҿᵜ⹄ウѝⲴሩ➗ᱟӾ५䲒䇠ᖅѝ䘹ᤙⲴˈഐ↔ሩ
➗ਟ㜭Պᴹ▌൘Ⲵٿي㘼ᵚ㜭ԓ㺘ޘӪ㗔DŽк䘠䘉Ӌ 䰞仈ԕ৺ᵜ⹄ウⲴൠ⛩઼⹄ウሩ䊑ⲴӪਓᆖ⢩ᖱ㺘᰾
Ҷᵜ⅑⹄ウⲴ㔃᷌ਟ㜭н㜭ᆼޘԓ㺘ަԆൠ४ᡆ㘵н
਼㛼ᲟഭᇦⲴᛵߥDŽ❦㘼ˈᵜ⹄ウᡰਁ⧠Ⲵড䲙ഐ㍐
൘ަԆ⹄ウѝ൷ᐢ㓿㻛䇪䇱䗷[4,5,12–17]DŽ
ᵜ ⹄ ウ 㺘 ᰾ ⭡ ᵚ ਇ 䗷 ษ 䇝 Ⲵ ࣙ ӗ ༛ ᧕ ⭏ ǃ
൘ᇦ࠶ၙ઼ᵚ⎸∂᧕⭏ᱟѝഭᐎᯠ⭏ݯՔ仾Ⲵড 䲙ഐ㍐DŽᡁԜᔪ䇞䟷ਆ䪸ሩᙗⲴ᧚ᯭˈྲᨀ儈ࣙӗ༛
Ⲵᢰᵟˈ׳䘋५䲒᧕⭏ǃᆅྷ᧕⿽Ք仾⯛㤇ԕ৺ᔰ ኅڕᓧᮉ㛢ㅹˈԕ⎸䲔䈕ൠ४Ⲵᯠ⭏ݯՔ仾DŽ
࡙⳺ߢケ ᰐDŽ 䍴䠁
ᵜ ⹄ ウ 㓿 䍩 ᶕ 㠚 ഭ ᇦ 㠚 ❦ 、 ᆖ ส 䠁 ˄ ส 䠁 ਧ
n o.
6 1 3 7 3 0 0 5
˅ ઼ ᐎ ᐲ ⽮ Պ 、 ᆖ 亩 ⴞ ˄ 䍴 䠁 ਧY20120006
DŽᕅ⭘ᵜ᮷ൠ൰˖
Zhou Z-M et al. Risk factors of neonatal tetanus in Wenzhou, China: a case-control study. Western Pacific Surveillance and Response Journal, 2015, 6(3):28–33. doi:10.5365/wpsar.2015.6.2.002
Ӣᒤ喴ࡉ䟷⭘Student
tỰ傼DŽঅഐ㍐࠶᷀ᴹᱮ㪇ѹ
˄P<0.05˅Ⲵਈ䟿㓣ޕ䶎ᶑԦlogisticഎᖂ⁑රѝ䘋 㹼ཊഐ㍐࠶᷀DŽ࠶᷀ѝ䟷⭘5%Ѫᱮ㪇≤߶ˈᒦ䇑㇇
95%Ⲵਟؑ४䰤DŽ֯⭘SPSS 14.0䖟Ԧ䘋㹼㔏䇑࠶᷀
˄ѝഭˈк⎧ˈIBM˅DŽ
ᐎᐲ⯮⯵亴䱢᧗ࡦѝᗳՖ⨶ငઈՊᇑṨ䙊䗷ᵜ 亩⹄ウ
No. 201301
DŽ㔃᷌
ޡ ᴹ
246
ᯠ ⭏ ݯ Ք 仾 ⯵ ֻ ઼257
ሩ ➗ DŽ ⯵ ֻ 㓴 ⇽ Ӣ ᒤ 喴 ˄ ൷ ᮠ f ḷ ߶ ᐞ ˅ Ѫ27.2
f4.8
ˈ ሩ➗ 㓴 ⇽ Ӣ ᒤ 喴 Ѫ
27.4
f4.8
ˈ Ҽ 㘵 ᰐ 㔏 䇑 ᆖ ᐞ ᔲ˄P=0.58˅DŽ⯵ֻ㓴઼ሩ➗㓴ѻ䰤Ⲵᙗ࡛ᶴᡀҏᰐ㔏 䇑ᆖᐞᔲ˄P=0.14˅DŽ
অഐ㍐࠶᷀
অഐ㍐࠶᷀ᴹѹⲴਈ䟿वᤜ⍱ࣘӪਓǃ൘ᇦ
࠶ၙǃ⭡ᵚ᧕ਇ䗷ษ䇝Ⲵࣙӗ༛᧕⭏ǃᵚ⎸∂᧕⭏ǃ
໎࣐Ⲵᯠ⭏ݯփ䟽ԕ৺ཊ㛾⅑⇽Ӣ˄㺘1˅DŽ࠶ၙ䗷 〻ѝާᴹлࡇ
3
њഐ㍐ѝԫօѻа㘵˄൘ᇦ࠶ၙǃᵚ ਇ䗷ษ䇝Ⲵࣙӗ༛ǃᵚ⎸∂᧕⭏˅ᱟᯠ⭏ݯᝏḃՔ 仾Ⲵড䲙ഐ㍐˄OR
˖56
˗95%CI
˖18.3–171.0
˅ˈྲ ᷌
3
њ ഐ ㍐ 䜭 ާ ᴹ ˈ ࡉ ᝏ ḃ Ք 仾 Ⲵ ড 䲙 ᙗ ᴤ 儈 ˄OR
˖677.5
˗95%CI
˖258.1–1778.8
˅˄㺘1˅DŽ࠶ቲ࠶᷀㔃᷌ᱮ⽪ᯠ⭏ݯᙗ࡛ǃ⇽Ӣӗ⅑ǃ ት≁㊫රǃ⇽Ӣᒤ喴઼ᯠ⭏ݯփ䟽ሩ䘉
3
њড䲙ഐ㍐˄൘ᇦ࠶ၙǃᵚਇ䗷ษ䇝Ⲵࣙӗ༛ǃᵚ⎸∂᧕⭏˅Ⲵ ᖡ૽ᰐ㔏䇑ᆖѹDŽ
ཊഐ㍐࠶᷀
ཊ ഐ ㍐ ⁑ ර ѝ ˈ ᴹ л ࡇ 亩 ഐ ㍐ ѝ Ⲵ ԫ օ а 亩
˄൘ᇦ࠶ၙǃ⭡ᵚਇ䗷ษ䇝Ⲵࣙӗ༛᧕⭏ǃᡆᵚ⎸
∂᧕⭏˅ˈᡆ㘵йњഐ㍐൷ާᴹӽ❦ᱟᯠ⭏ݯՔ 仾 Ⲵ ড 䲙 ഐ ㍐
OR
٬ ࠶ ࡛ ѪOR
˖36.2
˗95%CI
˖5.9–221.9
ˈOR
˖1371.0
˗95%CI
˖206.0–9123.5
˄㺘2˅DŽ
䇘䇪
ᵜ⹄ウਁ⧠⭡ᵚਇ䗷ษ䇝Ⲵࣙӗ༛᧕⭏ǃ൘ᇦ࠶ၙԕ
৺ᵚ⎸∂᧕⭏ᱟ⎉⊏ⴱᐎᐲᯠ⭏ݯՔ仾Ⲵড䲙ഐ
㍐ˈоަԆ⹄ウ㔃᷌㊫լ[12–15]DŽ䍛ェǃ⡦⇽ਇᮉ㛢〻 ᓖվǃߌᶁት≁ǃ⇽Ӣᒤ喴ሿǃᶕ㠚䍴Ⓚफ़ѿൠ४Ⲵ ᆅྷ⭡Ҿ᮷ॆᖡ૽䲀ࡦҶྩԜሩছ⭏ᴽ࣑Ⲵ࡙⭘ˈ䈨
ྲᴹнছ⭏Ⲵ㹼Ѫǃ৲оӗࡽ؍ڕ⦷վԕ৺᧕⿽Ք
㺘
1. 2000–2012
ᒤѝഭᐎᯠ⭏ݯՔ仾ড䲙ഐ㍐Ⲵঅഐ㍐࠶᷀⢩ᖱ ⯵ֻ㓴 ሩ➗㓴 ٬
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ᐎᵜൠӪ $% & ' #& & " ' $ #( ৲㘳
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ছ⭏ᵪᶴ $% #) & ( ) ( #( ৲㘳
൘ᇦ䟼 & ( " % #( $ ) + #+ & & #" $$ " #(* % ) #(
ࣙӗ༛ ! " #" " $
ਇ䗷ษ䇝 $ $ % #+ & % $ % # ৲㘳
ᵚਇ䗷ษ䇝 & & #% $% # ( & #$ $ + #+* ) $ #'
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ᰐ㧼 + & #+ & % & % #
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ࡍӗྷ & & ( #$ $% ' ) #' " #& " #$* " #%
ᯠ⭏ݯᙗ࡛ " #$ ( +
⭧ᙗ $ ) " ) % #& $ ) + ' #$ ৲㘳
ྣᙗ & #' ' & ( $ # $ #( " #* $ #%
⇽Ӣᒤ喴˄˅ " # "
! & ( ' & % #% & & " #+ ৲㘳
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& " $ * & " ( ) $ #' % & $ ) #+ % # & #& * #&
& $ * (& " " $ & ) #( ( ) $ # ) #$ ( # * $% #&
( & " $ * ( " " & & ) #' % " $ + #) + #) ( #( * $ ( #(
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* ⭡Ҿᴹᰐᓄㆄˈ᭵ḀӋ⢩ᖱⲴਸ䇑оᙫᮠна㠤DŽ
† ㊫࡛1㺘⽪൘ছ⭏ᵪᶴѝ⭡ਇ䗷ษ䇝Ⲵࣙӗ༛൘ᰐ㧼ᶑԦл᧕⭏˗㊫࡛2㺘⽪ᴹлࡇє⿽ᛵߥѻа㘵˖ㅜа⿽ᱟ൘ᇦ࠶ၙˈㅜҼ⿽ᱟ
⭡ᵚਇ䗷ษ䇝Ⲵࣙӗ༛᧕⭏ᡆᵚ⎸∂᧕⭏˗㊫࡛3ᱟᤷ൘ᇦѝ⭡ᵚਇ䗷ษ䇝Ⲵࣙӗ༛䘋㹼ᵚ⎸∂᧕⭏DŽ CIˈਟؑ४䰤˗ORˈ∄٬∄DŽ
Infectious Diseases, 2012, 16:e833–42. doi:10.1016/j.
ijid.2012.07.015 pmid:22940280
10. Datta SS et al. Three cases of neonatal tetanus in Papua New Guinea lead to development of national action plan for maternal and neonatal tetanus elimination. Western Pacific Surveillance and Response Journal, 2013, 4(2):40–43.
doi:10.5365/wpsar.2013.4.1.008 pmid:24015370
11. Public health science data [In Chinese]. Beijing, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 2004 (http://www.
phsciencedata.cn/Share/ky_sjml.jsp?id=ce793729-da4c-48eb- b67d-408410a59319, accessed 15 June 2015).
12. Gitta SN et al.; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Risk factors for neonatal tetanus–Busoga region, Uganda, 2002–2003. MMWR Morbitity and Mortality Weekly Report, 2006, 55 Suppl 1;25–30. pmid:16645579
13. Raza SA et al. A matched case-control study of risk factors for neonatal tetanus in Karachi, Pakistan. Journal of Postgraduate Medicine, 2004, 50:247–252. pmid:15623963
14. Chai F et al. Neonatal tetanus incidence in China, 1996–2001, and risk factors for neonatal tetanus, Guangxi Province, China.
International Journal of Epidemiology, 2004, 33:551–557.
doi:10.1093/ije/dyh073 pmid:15155708
15. Khan AA, Zahidie A, Rabbani F. Interventions to reduce neonatal mortality from neonatal tetanus in low and middle income countries–a systematic review. BMC Public Health, 2013, 13:322.
doi:10.1186/1471-2458-13-322 pmid:23570611
16. Hassan B et al. A survey of neonatal tetanus at a district general hospital in north-east Nigeria. Tropical Doctor, 2011, 41:18–20.
doi:10.1258/td.2010.100310 pmid:21172902
17. Dey AC, Saha L, Shahidullah M. Risk factors, morbidity and mortality of neonatal tetanus. Mymensingh Medical Journal, 2011, 20:54–58. pmid:21240163
18. Lambo JA et al. Epidemiology of neonatal tetanus in rural Pakistan.
JPMA: The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association, 2011, 61:1099–1103. pmid:22125987
19. Major figures of Wenzhou in 2010 national population census [In Chinese]. Wenzhou, Wenzhou Statistics Bureau, 2011 (http://
www.wzstats.gov.cn/info_view.jsp?id0=z0h8lnkbkw&id1=z0h8l o5459&id=z0hbddvmw1, accessed 22 March 2014).
20. National Health and Family Planning Commission of the People’s Republic of China. 2012 report on China’s migrant population development [In Chinese]. Beijing, China population publishing house, 2012.
21. WHO recommended strategies for the prevention and control of communicable diseases. Geneva, World Health Organization and the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS, 2001 (http://
whqlibdoc.who.int/hq/2001/WHO_CDS_CPE_SMT_2001.13.pdf, accessed 15 June 2015).
22. Thind A. Determinants of tetanus toxoid immunization in pregnancy in rural Bihar. Tropical Doctor, 2005, 35:75–77.
doi:10.1258/0049475054036977 pmid:15970024
23. Afridi NK et al. Coverage and factors associated with tetanus toxoid vaccination status among females of reproductive age in Peshawar. Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons–
Pakistan, 2005, 15:391–395. pmid:16197865
24. Su XH. Reform of midwife. Women of China, 2000, 12:15.
25. Darmstadt GL et al.; Lancet Neonatal Survival Steering Team.
Evidence-based, cost-effective interventions: how many newborn babies can we save? Lancet, 2005, 365:977–988. doi:10.1016/
S0140-6736(05)71088-6 pmid:15767001
26. Knippenberg R et al.; Lancet Neonatal Survival Steering Team.
Systematic scaling up of neonatal care in countries. Lancet, 2005, 365:1087–1098. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(05)74233-
৲㘳᮷⥞
1. World Health Organization. Tetanus vaccine. Weekly Epidemiological Record, 2006, 81:198–208.
pmid:16710950
2. Bairwa M et al. India is on the way forward to maternal and neonatal tetanus elimination! Human Vaccines &
Immunotherapeutics, 2012, 8:1129–1131. doi:10.4161/
hv.20262 pmid:22854674
3. Lawoyin TO. Infant and maternal deaths in rural south west Nigeria: a prospective study. African Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences, 2007, 36:235–241. pmid:18390063 4. Oyedeji OA et al. Trends in neonatal and post-neonatal tetanus
admissions at a Nigerian teaching hospital. The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries, 2012, 6:847–853.
doi:10.3855/jidc.2105 pmid:23276738
5. Maternal and neonatal tetanus (MNT) elimination: the initiative and challenges. Geneva, World Health Organization, 2013 (http://www.who.int/immunization/diseases/MNTE_initiative/en/, accessed 21 March 2014.
6. Ibinda F et al. Incidence and risk factors for neonatal tetanus in admissions to Kilifi County Hospital, Kenya. PLoS ONE, 2015, 10:e0122606. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0122606 pmid:25849440
7. Thwaites CL, Beeching NJ, Newton CR. Maternal and neonatal tetanus. Lancet, 2015, 385:362–370. doi:10.1016/S0140- 6736(14)60236-1 pmid:25149223
8. Roper MH, Vandelaer JH, Gasse FL. Maternal and neonatal tetanus. Lancet, 2007, 370:1947–1959. doi:10.1016/S0140- 6736(07)61261-6 pmid:17854885
9. Lambo JA, Nagulesapillai T. Neonatal tetanus elimination in
㺘
2. 2000–2012
ᒤѝഭᐎᯠ⭏ݯՔ仾ড䲙ഐ㍐ⲴLogistic
എᖂ࠶᷀⢩ᖱ , - ./ 0 1 2 34 ት≁㊫ර
ᐎᵜൠ ৲㘳
⍱ࣘӪਓ 5 67 .8 67 9 : ; 65 4
࠶ၙ䗷〻
㊫࡛: ৲㘳
㊫࡛< 5 = 6< .0 6/ 9 < < : 6/ 4
㊫࡛5 : 5 ; : 68 .< 8 = 689 / : < 5 60 4
⇽Ӣӗ⅑
㓿ӗྷ ৲㘳
ࡍӗྷ 8 6; .8 6< 9 5 6< 4 ᯠ⭏ݯփ䟽˄ݻ˅
İ< 0 8 8 ৲㘳
< 0 8 :9 < / 0 8 / 65 .8 6/ 9 /> 6= 4
< / 0 :9 5< 8 8 : 6/ .8 6< 9 : / 6> 4
5< 8 :9 5 0 8 8 ; 6: .8 67 9 =< 68 4
ı5 0 8 : 5 6; .8 6> 9 5 = 67 4
* ㊫࡛1㺘⽪൘ছ⭏ᵪᶴѝ⭡ਇ䗷ษ䇝Ⲵࣙӗ༛൘ᰐ㧼ᶑԦл᧕
⭏˗㊫࡛2㺘⽪ᴹлࡇє⿽ᛵߥѻа㘵˖൘ᇦ࠶ၙˈᡆ⭡ᵚਇ 䗷ษ䇝Ⲵࣙӗ༛᧕⭏ᡆᵚ⎸∂᧕⭏˗㊫࡛3ᱟᤷ൘ᇦѝ⭡ᵚਇ 䗷ษ䇝Ⲵࣙӗ༛䘋㹼ᵚ⎸∂᧕⭏DŽ
CIˈਟؑ४䰤˗ORˈ∄٬∄DŽ
