The team is tasked with conducting a grain quality (GQ) assessment of rice lines and varieties to help breeders identify promising rice lines for entry into the national cooperative test. The current development of analytical evaluation of rice quality characteristics and the demand for reliable data due to intensified breeding activities further require an immediate update of grain quality techniques. For the grain quality screening study, one thousand forty-one (1,041) entries from the 2013 dry season to the 2014 wet season under the projects Hybrid Rice Breeding and Genetics Development of Irrigated Lowland Rice Varieties PBBD and Soil, Plant, Water and Nutrient Fertility Assessment ASPPD Management were reviewed regarding grain quality.
Overall, grain quality assessment showed 28 entries to be UEM, 2 AZU, 5 AON, 17 M6, 4 DSR-ON WS, 3 LTOF WS, 4 DAT and 19 Fav-Sub WS; Entries 2 MYT, 1 LTOF WS, 8 DSR-ON DS, 6 SV, 2 SPSI and 8 LTOF DS met all requirements for milling, physical and apparent amylose as an indicator of eating quality as determined by the Rice Breeding Group. Grain Quality Grading (GQ) is the final test rice lines undergo after they meet standards for yield, disease and insect resistance, agronomic and other traits. The ultimate goal of both project studies is to increase breeding efficiency for grain quality and ensure the availability of cooked rice with a longer shelf life for consumers.
Thus, Study 2 attempts to determine the causes of cooked rice spoilage in the Philippine environment and to determine the best storage and reheating conditions that will extend shelf life while maintaining the quality of cooked rice. Grain Quality Control (GQS) plays an important role in PhilRice's rice breeding program. This year, one thousand and forty-one (1,041) entries were screened from the 2013 dry season to the 2014 wet season under the PBBD Rice Hybrid Breeding and Genetic Development of Irrigated Lowland Rice Varieties projects and ASPPD Soil Fertility, Plant, Water and Nutrient Management Assessment. for grain quality.
About 228 entries were analyzed for grain quality and phytonutrients, such as antioxidant activity and total anthocyanin content. The majority of entries were found to have a preferred size of long-grain (522 entries) and slender (454 entries). Overall, the grain quality evaluation showed that 28 UEM, 2 AZU, 5 AON, 17 M6, 4 DSR-ON WS, 3 LTOF WS, 4 DAT and 19 Fav-Sub WS submissions; 2 MYT, 1 LTOF WS, 8 DSR-ON DS, 6 SV, 2 SPSI and 8 LTOF DS entries met all requirements for grinding, physical and apparent amylose as an indicator of eating quality, as established by the Rice Varietal Improvement Group.
In December 2014, approximately 62 samples from AON-UEM for 2014 WS were received and grain quality evaluation is still ongoing. However, food poisoning caused by the consumption of unrefrigerated cooked rice has been reported in several cases. Therefore, to improve the stability of cooked rice and disseminate information to interested groups/customers, it is important to explore the best processing techniques that will not only extend the shelf life but also maintain the quality of cooked rice.
The results of the study will not only provide valuable information on the spoilage of cooked rice and its prevention, but may also save the lives of the rice-consuming public. The highest total plate number was observed in 0% head rice of the 2 varieties, although IR64 had lower numbers than PSB Rc10 (Table 2). Similar trend was observed in the sensory evaluation of IR64, where 0% main rice had the highest odor score (2.43) at 24 hours of storage.
The increase in moisture content was evident in the 2 varieties as the amount of cooking water increased.
Nutritional Quality Assessment and Elemental Composition of Philippine Rice
The precision of the dry ashing method in this study was evaluated by the calculated yield using CRM 804. The calculation of acceptable percent yields and precision (Table 5) was based on Horwitz and AOAC Peer Verified Methods (PVM) criteria, where acceptance levels are %RSD is closely related to the concentration of the analyte. A set of concentration levels amplified in a blank method in 6 replicates to optimize the method for rice.
It may be that the nebulization process effectively removes the water in the aerosol which limits emission interferences. Application: Farm areas close to mining and volcanic activities have been identified through coordination with the Regional Field Officer (RFO) and Provincial Agricultural Officer (PAO) in the country. There are two (2) regions, namely Central Luzon and Bicol, identified to be affected by volcanic activities.
A control sample was also used to assess the trace elements present if the area was not affected by possible contamination from mining and volcanic activities. Two (2) rice samples were collected by the Business Development Division of PhilRice during the wet season of 2014. The control sample, where the location was not affected by the two activities, revealed that Cd and Pb were both undetectable.
The rice samples collected in Central Luzon came from only one province, namely Pampanga, which was affected by the Mount Pinatubo explosion in 1991. Camarines Sur and Masbate may be affected by mining, while Albay and Sorsogon by volcanic activities (Mount Mayon and Mount Bulusan). The Caraga region includes the provinces of Agusan Del Sur and Surigao Del Norte for the collection where mining is present.
DAE – days after emergence DAS – days after sowing DAT – days after transplantation DBMS – database management system DDTK – disease diagnostic toolkit DENR – Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources. MET – multi-environmental trial MFE – male fertile environment MLM – linear mixed effects model Mg – magnesium. MRT – Mobile Rice TeknoKlinik MSE – male sterile environment MT – minimum tillage mtha-¹ – metric tons per hectare MYT – multi-site yield trials N – nitrogen.
NCT - National Cooperative Testing NFA - National Food Authority NGO - Non-Governmental Organization NE - Natural Enemies. RQCS - Rice Quality Grading Software RS4D - Rice Science for Development RSO - Rice Sufficiency Officer RFL - Rainfed RTV - Tungro Rice Virus.
