Half of the germplasm had greater than 85% fertility, with panicle length ranging from 24-30 cm and number of grains per panicle in the range of 150-225. JA Orcino, LA Pautin, AQC Sabanal, RC Braceros, EC Arocena and TF Padolina This study aims to select plants with the desired characteristics in generations that are separated for further evaluation. Selection was improved by including two treatments in the Hybrid for Selection (HPS) population in the modified bulk method (0 and 120 kg/ha nitrogen fertilization).
In the F1 nursery, 105 new crosses were evaluated, of which 21 were selected for generational advancement (HPNS), while 35 crosses were advanced to hybrid population for selection. After thorough observations at all growth stages, 3563 derived lines (dl) were selected in the field. While in the Visayas, specifically in Northern Samar, it is best planted under the direct seeding system.
Top performing entries for early ripening group (left) and medium ripening group (right) in Multi-Environment Trial 2. Some lines were considered promising enough to be named cultivars, while others have proven to be good parents in the new crosses. KB Bergonio, EH Bandonill, CT Estonilo, JD Adriano and TF Padolina Rice variety development for irrigated ecosystems plays a crucial role in helping to achieve rice self-sufficiency in the country as it contributes to at least 60% of total rice production.
Therefore, grain quality screening must be integrated in the early generation stages of variety development for transplanted irrigated ecosystems.
Breeding Direct Wet-Seeded Rice for Irrigated Lowland
Number of 2013DS inbred rice lines for each variety development stage that met all grain quality requirements set by the Rice Varietal Improvement Group. Statistical analyzes by Dunnett's t-Tests for yield at significant comparisons at the 0.05 level showed that two DWSR lines are significantly better than the control NSIC Rc240 (4.85 t/ha). Thirty advanced DWSR lines and two control varieties (NSIC Rc240 and NSIC Rc298) were evaluated for grain yield under unprotected conditions at the PhilRice Central Experiment Station.
Statistical analyzes by Dunnett's t-tests for yield at comparisons significant at the 0.01 and 0.05 level showed that four DWSR lines were highly significantly better than the control NSIC Rc240 (5.23 t/ha). Common positive comments of these lines are with a high number of grains per panicle; long and compact panicle type; strong and sturdy culms; a high number of productive operations; resistant to lodging; erect type of flag leaf;. Common negative comments of these lines are late maturity, susceptible to yellow stem borer, mild type of secondary branching of plumes, and susceptible to sticking.
In general, according to the farmers, almost all DWSR lines were good, of high quality and passed according to their standards. General positive comments about these lines are the high number of grains per panicle; long and compact panicle type; strong and sturdy culms; large number of productive cutters; long and slender spikelet; and late and slow leaf senescence. Common negative comments about these lines are late maturity; susceptible to common rice diseases; thin and weak culms; short plume; susceptible to yellow stem borer; And.
The total number of farmer participants was 61, who were grouped into two: male = 25 and female = 36. General positive comments about these lines are the high number of grains per panicle; long and compact panicle type; strong and sturdy culms; large number of productive cutters; long and slender spikelet; resistant to common rice diseases and uniform and clean spikelets. General negative comments about these lines are susceptible to common rice diseases; short plume; susceptible to yellow stem borer; high grain crushing; and light type of secondary branching.
The general positive comments of these lines are the large number of productive tillers; a long and compact type of panicle; a long and slender type of grain; resistant to common rice diseases and mid-ripening. General negative comments of these lines are susceptible to common rice diseases; a bold type of grain; panicle short; small grains; and knows maturity. Grain yield of selected prospective DWSR lines and check varieties of on-farm yield test at all locations, 2013 DS.
Screening of breeding lines for early seedling vigor and anaerobic germination tolerance
Highlights
Evaluation of breeding lines for lodging tolerance OE Manangkil, W Barroga, and PN Marcelo
Development of Hybrid Rice Varieties
Between 1994 and 2011, a total of 44 hybrid varieties were approved for commercial cultivation in the Philippines by the National Seed Industry Council. The main purpose of this project is to increase the productivity of rice in an irrigated lowland ecosystem. In hybrid rice breeding, the cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) line is considered the heart in the development of F1 hybrids because its impurity will result in a poor hybrid.
Retainer and restorer lines are very essential components in hybrid rice development as well. Ten advanced elite lines from the maintenance line nursery were used to re-test the cross of future CMS lines developed in the cross nursery (BCN). Their storage ability will be proven in the following season by evaluating the pollen sterility of the F1 generation.
The source nursery for TGMS two-line development in 2012 WS housed 166 inbred pollen parents. These plants will be taken to the pedigree nursery (PN) in the 2013 WS for full male sterile selection at MSE. The three-line system in hybrid breeding is an important approach to help achieve rice self-sufficiency in the country.
The generated crosses will be evaluated together with their parent lines in the test cross nursery (TCN) in 2013 WS. Heterosis breeding is a complementary strategy to negate the growing rice shortage in the country as it promises a 15% yield advantage compared to conventional varieties under the same input levels. During 2013 DS, 105 entries and 5 control varieties were established and evaluated in the Observation Nursery (ON).
All identified best hybrid entries in the trial will be advanced to Seed Production for National Cooperative Test (SPNCT) prior to National Cooperative Test (NCT) evaluation. Grain yield (t/ha) of the five best performing entries and their yield advantage over the control varieties for Multi-location yield trials in the 2013 dry season at the two test sites. F1 seed production plays an important role in Observation Nursery (ON), Preliminary Yield Trial (PYT), National Cooperative Test (NCT) and Technology Demonstration of Released Hybrids because its lifespan will depend on the availability of the seeds needed for the study and commercial production.
The genetic purity of the CMS (A), maintenance (B) and restoration (R) lines, which are hybrid parents, is essential in the development and commercialization of hybrid varieties, as the yield of hybrid rice will be reduced by 100 kg/ha. the purity of hybrid seeds is reduced by a percentage. Seed production of experimental hybrids entered into the Observation Nursery (ON), Preliminary Yield Trial (PYT) and National Cooperative Test (NCT).
Development of Thermo-Sensitive Genetic Male Sterile (TGMS) Lines and TGMS-Based Two-Line Hybrid Rice
In the experimental area, there was a severe irrigation problem during the season due to the breakdown of the main irrigation water facility. Ten (10) male sterile lines selected at F6 and F7 will be included in the TGMS observation nursery at MSE for the evaluation of sterility stability this wet season 2013. The main goal of the method is to focus on fewer individuals in desirable traits of the population through repeated cycles of crossover and selection.
Some of the seeds from these selections were collected for evaluation in the nurseries of origin and the remaining seeds were pooled for each population and will be used in the maintenance of composite populations. Also, seeds were collected from selected sterile and fertile plants from each population and will be used in the next recombination cycle in the next season. Of these entries, 116 were selected and will be advanced for further evaluation in the coming season.
The performance of these new hybrids will be evaluated in the Hybrid Observational Nursery during the 2013 wet season. The experimental hybrids are to be tested in the Hybrid Observational Nursery (HON) to initially eliminate inferior performing hybrids. F1 seeds from these hybrids will be produced this wet season for further testing in the Hybrid Preliminary Yield Trial (HPYT).
In the hybrid yield preliminary trial (HPYT), 32 two-line hybrids were evaluated during the season. One (1) promising hybrid designated as PRUP 10 was entered into the NCT 2013 dry season trial. Three (3) good performing hybrids were included in the multi-location trials being conducted by PhilRice.
Yield and agronomic traits of high-performing hybrids in the hybrid observation nursery, 2013 dry season. Yield and agronomic characteristics of some good hybrids in the preliminary yield trial, 2013 dry season. Yield and other agronomic traits of promising hybrids in the forward yield trial, 2013 dry season.
As expected, all TGMS lines present in F1 were male sterile, producing no or few seeds due to outcrossing. Significant yield reduction was observed in the 4.8% S-line treatment (based on actual S-line counts in plots) in F1 of Mestiso 20.
