Currently, ASEAN aims to fully establish its three pillars – the political, economic and socio-cultural communities – by 2015. This program seeks to improve the operational capacity of the ASEAN Secretariat, including increasing its public outreach.
At present, however, the intergovernmental elements of ASEAN's organizational structure, i.e. the ASEAN Secretariat, are by no means very expensive, but rather relatively underfunded. ASEAN policies are relevant and important to the media within and outside the region; coverage should not be limited to ASEAN summits or ministerial meetings.
At that time, Myanmar was "the strongest state on the continent of Southeast Asia."23 This brief depiction illustrates that the course of Southeast Asia's early history was largely shaped by factors that originated in the region itself. Finally, the Cold War between the US and the former USSR encouraged the establishment of ASEAN, while – decades later – the end of this global conflict opened the door to the expansion of the grouping in the late 1990s.
The ASEAN Declaration (or Bangkok Declaration, as it is also known) is the foundation of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations. Declaration of ASEAN Concord II (Bali Concord II) 2007 • Charter of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations.
In addition, the Coordinating Council reviews the annual reports of the Secretary General on the work of ASEAN and the ASEAN Secretariat. Five years later, ASEAN Foreign Ministers agreed on the creation of the additional post of Deputy Secretary General. One of the most discussed ASEAN institutions is the ASEAN Intergovernmental Commission on Human Rights (AICHR) established in 2009.
It is therefore not clear which concept of human rights guides the AICHR's decision-making. In its dialogue with partner countries, ASEAN has established the ASEAN Committees in Third Countries, consisting of the heads of the diplomatic missions of the ten Member States. Binding each other without giving up control of their own country is the origin of the ASEAN Way.
The establishment of the ASEAN Intergovernmental Commission on Human Rights is a promising step towards a rules-based organization. An ASEAN identity can only be created if the citizens of the ASEAN member states think that they have a voice in ASEAN. The website of the ASEAN Secretariat has more information on the institutions of ASEAN: http://www.aseansec.org/20021.htm.
Integrative Security Policy: Multilateralism and the ASEAN Regional Forum The end of the Cold War brought relative peace and security to Southeast Asia. Using the norms of the ASEAN Way, the association has been quite successful in balancing the various powers interested in the region. The ASEAN Regional Forum has strengthened “ASEAN's central role in Asia-Pacific regional security cooperation.”
103 ASEAN Secretariat, Statement by the ASEAN Secretary General on the Artillery Strike on ROK's Yeonyeong Island, November 26, 2010. The Role of the United States, in Wilhelm Hofmeister, ed., Security Politics in Asia and Europe, Singapore 2010: KAS, pp. Due to the differences in security interests of ASEAN member states, major external powers remain important factors in the region's security.
Not surprisingly, even the “implementation mechanisms” of the Security Action Plan are written in broad terms: “The AMM [ASEAN Ministerial Meeting]. Even the implementation mechanisms of the ASEAN Security Community Action Plan are broadly written. ASEAN's dispute settlement mechanism is still unable to resolve discrepancies in the application of the ASEAN Charter. Plan of Action' in the agenda of its meetings; and [..] The Secretary General of ASEAN will assist the ASEAN Chairman in monitoring and assessing the progress of the implementation of this action plan.”120.
A chief economist at one of the S&P affiliates, said: "Stimulus of fiscal and monetary policy has been an important growth driver for the ASEAN 5. The ASEAN Economic Blueprint indicates the will of ASEAN to step forward from cooperation to greater integration The discussion of the AIA, on the other hand, is an updated and expanded version of Arao's discussion paper entitled Analyzing the ASEAN Press and the The Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation.
The ASEAN Investment Area promotes freer flows of capital, skilled labour, professional expertise and technology between Member States. ASEAN is on its way to implement various additional agreements, eg, the Agreement on the Establishment and Implementation of the ASEAN Single Window aimed at speeding up and simplifying the flow of information between governments and trade. Established in December 2005, the ASEAN Single Window is defined as "the environment where the National Single Windows of Member countries operate and integrate".167 It is said to be one of the measures to strengthen economic initiatives such as the ASEAN Free Trade Area.
The economic diversity of the Member States is seen as a comparative advantage. The ASEAN Single Window aims to speed up and simplify the flow of information between governments and trade. 176 Hadi Soesastro, Implementing the ASEAN Economic Community Blueprint in ASEAN Studies Center, ASEAN Community: Unblocking the Roadblocks. How the proposed Asian Currency Unit (ACU) resembles the sometimes defunct European Currency Unit (ECU) and the ACU's effects on the ASEAN economy.
According to the ASEAN Secretariat, the initiatives include promoting community-driven activities and people-to-people interactions with the aim of reducing the development gap in the region. One of the key tools in ASEAN's disaster management framework is the ASEAN Emergency Rapid Assessment Team (ERAT). ERAT's deployment to the Mentawai Islands was the third deployment coordinated by the ASEAN Committee on Disaster Management (ACDM), which consists of heads of national disaster management organizations of the 10 ASEAN member states.
According to an early version of the ASEAN Media Directory, published by the German Konrad-Adenauer-Foundation (KAF) in the 1990s, the ASEAN media scene was tense. The uneven development of the media among ASEAN member states is rooted in different historical contexts. As for the killing of journalists, the Philippines accounts for three-quarters of those killed in the ASEAN region.
Functional collaboration encourages direct interactions between professionals from different fields that serve as the basis for the ASEAN Socio-Cultural Community. ASEAN's socio-cultural community aims, among other things, to involve people in the ambitious trajectory to create an ASEAN community by 2015. Carolina Guina, ASEAN's Socio-Cultural Community, in The ASEAN Community: Lifting the Roadblocks.
ASEAN's key position in the Asia-Pacific region has made it an essential partner for the European Union in Asia. 223 Guichang Zhu, Comparing the European Model and the ASEAN Way: Is There a Third Way of Regionalism for the East Asian Corporation. Another reason for the very clear approaches of ASEAN and the European Union to regional cooperation may also be rooted in the policy followed by the US towards the two regions.
ASEAN and the EU's different approaches to regional cooperation may also stem from the policies pursued by the US. Table 8.2: ASEAN and the European Union compared. Hillary Clinton's visit to the ASEAN Secretariat showed new US interest in Southeast Asia. Not surprisingly, Assistant Secretary of State for Asia-Pacific Affairs Kurt Campbell said President Barack Obama wants to "institutionalize" the US-ASEAN summit.
In a study by the European Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC), it was noted, however, that "the proliferation of intra-Asian trade agreements could divert trade away from Latin American and Caribbean exports if intra-Asia trade were excluded from high tariffs applied by ASEAN countries, China, Japan and Korea to agricultural products, textiles, clothing and some machinery sectors."239 The report adds, "ASEAN imports from Latin America are concentrated in primary goods and natural resources, while Latin American imports from ASEAN mainly correspond to the information and communication technology sector, where tariffs have fallen significantly in recent years."240 For his part, Deputy Secretary General for the ASEAN Economic Community Sundram Puspanathan said: " Trade between ASEAN and the Latin American country - efforts have shown significant growth Despite differences in institutional structures or decision-making processes, ASEAN and the European Union maintain a long-term and intensive cooperation. Guichang Zhu, Comparing the European Model and the ASEAN Path: Is There a Third Path of Regionalism for the East Asian Corporation.
Uneven levels of development in the 10 ASEAN member states that may hamper efforts to develop the entire region. ASEAN's role in worldwide movements on various issues such as protecting the environment and maintaining nuclear non-proliferation;. Amitav Acharya & See Seng Tan, Betwixt balance and community: America, ASEAN, and the security of Southeast Asia, in International Relations of the Asia-Pacific, vol p.
Alan Collins, Forming a security community: lessons from ASEAN, in International Relations of the Asia Pacific, volume 7 (2007), pp. Beverley Loke, Renegotiating Asia's Regional Security Order: The Role of the United States, in Wilhelm Hofmeister, ed. , Security Policy in Asia and Europe. Dirk Nabers, The social construction of international institutions: the case of ASEAN + 3, in International Relations of the Asia-Pacific, vol. 3 (2003), p.
He also serves as associate editor of the UP-based peer-reviewed journal Social Science Diliman. In this capacity, the IIJ represents a key pillar in the media development work of the Federal Government of Germany and in particular of the Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ). A high percentage of the IIJ alumni hold senior positions in the media industry around the world.
