Resolution on Sustainable Fisheries for Food Security in the ASEAN Region Towards 2020 (adopted 17 June 2011). Action Plan on Sustainable Fisheries for Food Security in the ASEAN Region to 2020 (adopted 16 June 2011).
Way Forward
The conference expressed their respective support and possible future cooperation for the sustainable development of fisheries in the ASEAN region (Box 5). The most significant aspects that could ensure food security from fisheries for the peoples of the ASEAN region were identified as human resource development and a community-based approach to fisheries management.
About the Authors
Given that the future of fisheries extends beyond fish production, it is also necessary to assess the resilience and capacity of fishers and fish farmers and promote resource mobilization. The areas of cooperation expressed by the regional organizations focused on the aspects: partnerships with different stakeholders (private-public partnership), linkage – national, regional and sub-regional level, academic research network – link to policy-making and intervention as well as collaboration and cross-sectoral initiatives.
The decision on whether or not to fish in the area should be based on the analysis of the results. The results of seawater monitoring show a decreasing trend in the levels of the radioactive substances. The results of the recent simulation show that levels of radioactive materials have fallen and will remain below detectable levels in offshore areas.
Benchmarking of the Thai Scheme against the FAO Guidelines
ACFS plays an important role as an accreditation body that uses the ISO/IEC 17011 standard as the basis for the development of an accreditation system (Thailand Institute of Industrial Standards, 2004), which also applies to the shrimp certification scheme. In order to determine the compliance of the requirements of the Thai National Shrimp Certification Scheme with the FAO Aquaculture Certification Guidelines, a comparative analysis was carried out at the initiative of the DOF. For example, the Global Food Safety Initiative (GFSI) has recognized the harmonization of food safety elements GLOBAL G.A.P.
Findings and Discussions
Thai National Shrimp GAP or Standard
Regarding accreditation of the certification body, ADCC by DOF is still going through the necessary processes and it is expected that ADCC will be accredited by ACFS before the end of 2011. ADCC has adopted ISO/IEC Guide 65 as the basis for its certification and management since February 2010. ADCC has already developed a quality manual containing requirements in accordance with ISO/IEC Guide 65 such as the requirements for a certification body, i.e.
FAO Aquaculture Certification Guidelines 1
The cultural environment should be maintained to benefit the health and welfare of aquatic animals and reduce Major level (M): requirements that do not directly and adversely affect the integrity of an aquaculture production system and institutional and procedural requirements. However, if not corrected within a reasonable time and occurs repeatedly, it can lead to negative impacts on the integrity of an aquaculture production system.
Results of Benchmarking of the Thai Scheme against the FAO Guidelines
Moreover, the concern under main sub-criteria 3.7 should be about the application of the science-based risk assessment. Therefore, the two sub-criteria 3.6 and 3.7 must be considered in the revision of the standard by the ACFS. For the socio-economic aspects (Criteria 4, Tables 1 and 2), the Thai scheme practically meets all three critical sub-criteria (4.1 to 4.3) of the FAO guidelines.
Institutional and Procedural Requirements
Conclusion and Recommendations
Summary of the benchmark results of the standard setting of the Thai National Shrimp GAP against the FAO Aquaculture Certification Guidelines. Summary of the benchmark results of the accreditation of the Thai National Shrimp GAP against the FAO Aquaculture Certification Guidelines. Summary of the benchmark results of the certification of the Thai National Shrimp GAP against the FAO Aquaculture Certification Guidelines.
Acknowledgment
Cu Lao Cham, which is part of the Cham Islands, is located in the South China Sea and is administered by Hoi An Municipality in Quang Nam Province in central Vietnam. To assess the effectiveness and efficiency of an MPA, it is necessary to understand the extent of involvement and stakeholder perceptions of the establishment and management processes of the MPA. Based on the performance of the ecological, economic and social indicators, it can be inferred that the CLC MPA can achieve a certain degree of success and can also be one of the few well-managed marine protected areas in Vietnam.
Marine Protected Areas
Lucia Islands in the eastern Caribbean, comparing the CPUE of artisanal fishers before the establishment of the reserve and five years later (Roberts et al., 2001). Fisheries growth can also be understood in the context of the generation of positive economic rent or profits of fisheries managed by fishermen (Guzman, 2004). The results of the study conducted by Guzman (2004) showed that only a small profit was earned from fishing in the Baliangao Marine Reserve in the southern Philippines.
The Case Study of Cu Lao Cham MPA
The case study of the CLC MPA was intended to answer several relevant practical questions about whether alternative livelihood activities in MPAs in Vietnam can be addressed by the MPA objectives and what impact the CLC MPA has had on the surrounding local communities; what objective should the CLC MPA focus on; and whether the CLC MPA improved the fishing of the surrounding fishing grounds and generated intra-marginal profit. Therefore, activities such as those that disturb the environment and ecosystem; create negative impacts on the marine species community, habitat, breeding and growing areas; and the use of dynamite, chemicals, electricity, toxic chemicals and other destructive activities, are prohibited in the CLC MPA. In support of the biodiversity protection objective, alternative livelihoods have been introduced in the Cu Lao Cham MPA, such as environmental quality improvement, tourism development, fish sauce and dried fish production, handicraft production, agricultural development and public awareness activities.
Perceptions of the Local Communities towards the Objectives of MPAs
After the survey, local residents' perceptions of the objectives of the Cu Lao Cham MPA were averaged as shown in Fig. The result of weighing the importance of the objectives of the Cu Lao Cham MPA is surprising, since the objectives of the CLC MPA emphasized the conservation of biodiversity and the improvement of livelihoods. Furthermore, almost all local people in Cu Lao Cham are aware of the role of MPAs in terms of biodiversity conservation, as reflected in their high level of awareness.
Fish Catch and Fishing Effort
Although no reliable data could be used to investigate the change in abundance of the fish resources around the Cu Lao Cham Islands prior to the establishment of the CLC MPA, looking at the conclusion made by Tuan et al. 2004) and comparing their results on the fish yield with the Cu Lao Cham waters, it can be found that the Cu Lao Cham fishing grounds had been heavily overexploited by local villagers and by "outside" fishermen. Moreover, the marine resources of the coral reefs were also heavily exploited, and in fact many of the commercially important species are now declared as rare, endangered and critically endangered, which is supported by the results of the study carried out by McEwin (2006), which showed that the amount of fish caught in Cu Lao Cham waters had been declining for several years, while some species had completely disappeared. Furthermore, 86% of fishermen reported that there had been a decline in fish catch over the past 5 years, with most of them estimating a decline of 30-50%.
Incomes from Fishing
In addition, the increase in the annual CPUE of the longline and driftnet fleet from 2006 to 2008 (Fig. 2) considering no significant change in technological capacity (it was observed that the oldest fishing boats were built in the 1990s and the newest were built in 2005) and compares the annual fish yield per km2 in Cu Lao Cham with other marine reserves in the Philippines, seems to reflect that the coastal fishery in Cu Lao Cham may be on the way to becoming a viable and sustainable feature of a well. established tropical MPA. The positive income from fishing activities, together with the high perception of local people in Cu Lao Cham about the tourism values that the CLC MPA has brought to the local community, made the local people believe in the effectiveness of the CLC MPA. This is reflected in the result of the survey, which showed that about 75% of the local people agreed that the Cu Lao Cham MPA was effective, although only about 9% of the local respondents believed that the effectiveness of the CLC MPA was "very good ". but 66% ranked the effectiveness as.
Discussion and Way Forward
Studies on the Coastal Ecology and Management of the Nabq Protected Area, South Sinai, Egypt. An analysis of the economic consequences of implementing a marine protected area in Vietnam. Marine habitat and resource surveys of Cu Lao Cham marine protected area, Quang Nam Province, Vietnam.
Understanding the Impacts of Extension Methods on the Livelihoods of Small-Scale Fishers
Fisheries Extension Methods
It should be understood that in the case study, extension methods refer to individual, group and mass extension methods, while the impact of extension methods refers to the results of the activities or products generated by the extension methods. As an advisor, it is important that any promises made during the individual introduction are kept and fulfilled appropriately. Therefore, any expansion program should include monitoring and evaluation in the planning so that progress can be assessed against the desired objectives of the expansion programs.
Impact Study
In any case, detailed records of all individual contacts, including their problems and needs, should be carefully maintained. Field visits should be organized in areas where advanced techniques have been implemented and which have not been used in other areas. In this regard, media such as radio, television, internet and social networks, printed materials such as newspapers, magazines, posters, handouts should be used for advisory services.
Related Studies
Performance indicators are specific types of indicators that relate to results to determine whether project objectives have been met. Therefore, it would require clear evidence and a specific type of indicators to determine the impacts of a project or program.
Results of the Case Study
Six participants, on the other hand, emphasized the need to have knowledge and good understanding of the application of each method. The proper extension methods to be adopted should focus on training to promote livelihood improvement of small scale fishers. The participant-respondents gave clear evidence of extension methods they chose to ensure the impact on the well-being of small-scale fishers (Fig. 3).
Discussion
Nine participants suggested that learning and practicing extension methods should be a responsibility in the workplace. How to ascertain the impact of extension methods on the livelihoods of small-scale fishers before choosing extension. Indicators to determine the impact of extension methods on the livelihoods of small-scale fishers.
CALENDAR OF EVENTS
To develop the region's fishing potential by rational utilization of resources to ensure food safety and security for the population and alleviate poverty through the transfer of new technology, research and information dissemination activities. To improve the fisheries sector's ability to address new international issues and for greater access to international trade. To increase the contribution of fisheries to food security and Asia's livelihood in the region.
