THE RESPONSE OF SHEAR WALLS AGAINST EARTHQUAKE AND WIND LOADS FOR HIGH RISE BUILDINGS

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THE RESPONSE OF SHEAR WALLS AGAINST EARTHQUAKE AND WIND LOADS FOR HIGH RISE BUILDINGS

JEREMIAH ACOBA NOGALES 2005-10544

SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF THE

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND AGRO-INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES LOS BAÑOS

IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE

DEGREE OF

BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN CIVIL ENGINEERING

MARCH 2010

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The manuscript attached hereto, entitled ”THE RESPONSE OF SHEAR WALLS AGAINST EARTHQUAKE AND WIND LOADS FOR HIGH RISE BUILDINGS”, prepared and submitted by JEREMIAH ACOBA NOGALES in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Science in Civil Engineering is hereby accepted.

______________________________ _____________________________

ENGR. PAUL JOHN R L. NARCISO ENGR. DAN MICHAEL A. SADIA Panel Member Panel Member

_______________________ __________________

Date Signed Date Signed

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ENGR. SUNSEEHRAY ALESSANDRA B. TIRAZONA Adviser

__________________________________

Date Signed

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PROF. MARLOE B. SUNDO Chairman, CE Department

_________________________

Date Signed

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DR. ARSENIO N. RESURRECCION Dean

College of Engineering and Agro-Industrial Technology University of the Philippines Los Baños

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Date Signed

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LIST OF TABLES

Table No. Title Page

Table 5-1 Summary of Parameter Values (Seismic Loads) 22 Table 5-2 Summary of Parameter Values (Wind Loads) 24 Table 5-3 Seismic Forces Acting on the Shear Wall 26 Table 5-4 Vertical Distribution of Wind Loads (per floor) 29 Table 5-5 Reactions on the Shear Wall due to Earthquake Loads 34 Table 5-6 Reactions on the Shear Wall due to Wind Loads 37 Table A-1 Shear Wall Moment of Inertia (I, mm⁴) 42

Table A-2 Rigidity of Columns and Shear Walls 43

Table A-3 Seismic Forces 47

Table A-4 Wind Loads 52

Table 208-1 Seismic Importance Factors 54

Table 208-2 Soil Profile Types 54

Table 208-3 Seismic Zone Factor, Z 55

Table 208-5 Near-Source Factor, Nv 55

Table 208-6 Seismic Source Types 55

Table 208-8 Seismic Coefficient, Cv 56

Table 207-2 Importance Factor, Iw (Wind Loads) 57 Table 207-4 Internal Pressure Coefficients for Buildings, GCpi 58

Table B-1 Wall Pressure Coefficients, Cp 58

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LIST OF FIGURES

Figure No. Title Page

Figure 1-1 Project Site Map of the SM Sea Residences 3 Figure 2-1 Seismicity of the Philippines, 1990-2006 (USGS, 2009) 4

Figure 2-2 Building frame systems. (ICBO, 1997) 6

Figure 2-3 Types of braced frame elements (ICBO, 1997) 7 Figure 4-1 Seismic Zone Map of the Philippines (NSCP, 2001) 15 Figure 4-2 Seismic Source Near Pasay City (NSCP, 2001) 15

Figure 4-3 Wind Zone Map of the Philippines 16

Figure 4-4 Sea Residences Site Development Plan (SMDC, 2009) 17

Figure 4-5 Building A Framing Elevation Plan 18

Figure 4-6 Reinforcements for Typical Pile-Cap 18

Figure 4-7 Steel Reinforcement on Shear walls 19

Figure 4-8 Formworks for Columns 19

Figure 4-9 Concreting for Lean Concrete for Pile Cap 20

Figure 5-1 Seismic Forces on the Shear Wall 26

Figure 5-2 Link Beam on the Shear Wall 27

Figure 5-3 Wind Loads on the Shear Wall 29

Figure 5-4 Lateral Deflection of the Shear Wall (exaggerated) 30 Figure 5-5 Principal Stress Contour at Two Different Angles

for the Shear Wall 31

Figure 5-6 Shear Stress Contour at Two Different Angles

for the Shear Wall 32

Figure 5-7 Shear Wall Fixed Supports 33

Figure 5-8 Deflection of Shear Wall due to Wind Loads (exaggerated) 35 Figure 5-9 Principal (left) and Shear (right) Stresses due to Wind Loads 36

THE RESPONSE OF SHEAR WALLS AGAINST EARTHQUAKE AND WIND LOADS FOR HIGH RISE BUILDINGS