On the basis of a phosphine moiety, three binuclear metallic Ru-p-cymene and an Ir(ppy)2(dppm)Cl complex were synthesized. Two half-sandwiches of each 1 and 2 Ru(II) complexes were distorted tetrahedral geometry, whereas complex 3 had a combination structure of a distorted octahedral geometry and the other half with a distorted tetrahedral structure. The Ir(III) complex adopted octahedral geometry, surrounded by two C^N, dppm with monodentate binding mode, and one chloro ligand.
These complexes behaved as anticancer agents for inhibition of breast growth. The best- performing Ir(III) complex exceeded the best selectivity with the lowest IC50 value of the in vitro cytotoxicity comparison to the studied Ru(III) complex and cisplatin. The mechanism of Ru(II) and Ir(III) need to be explored further. One possible explanation of the different cytotoxicity of all studied complexes can be based on the different lipophilicity (Štarha et al., 2020) or, in another word is hydrophobicity. It is the ability of the studied complexes to enter the treated cancer cells, in particular, the hormone receptor and triple-negative breast cancer cells. Furthermore, complex 2 inhibited the growth of Gram-positive bacteria, yeast, and filamentous fungi with a high to moderate antibacterial activity.
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