Chinese high school online English learning students perceptions and teachers challenges and opportunities

The objectives of this study were 1) to explore Chinese high school students' perceptions of online English learning, and 2) to explore the challenges and opportunities of Chinese high school students in teaching English online in difficult times. This study recommended that teachers conduct research on the students. perceptions towards online learning in a variety of subjects.

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

INTRODUCTION

BACKGROUND OF THE RESEARCH
RESEARCH OBJECTIVES
RESEARCH QUESTIONS
RESEARCH ASSUMPTIONS
SCOPE OF RESEARCH

Location of the Research
Conceptual Framework

Significance of the RESEARCH

For the Teachers
For the Administrators
For the Students
For Future Researchers

DEFINITIONS OF TERMS

Online English Teaching and Learning
Perceptions
Chinese High School students
Teachers’ Challenges
Teachers’ Opportunities

Anshun No.1 High School is located in Xixiu District, Anshun City, Guizhou Province, China. Anshun No.1 High School is located in Xixiu District, Anshun City, Guizhou Province, China.

Figure 1.1 Anshun No.1 High School Second Grade Class One Curriculum Schedule After the outbreak of the COVID-19, schools and educational institutions across the country strictly implemented the policies of the Ministry of Education of China, stop the clas

LITERATURE REVIEW

ONLINE ENGLISH TEACHING AND LEARNING

Definitions of Online English Teaching
Features of Online English Teaching
Blended Teaching VS Online Teaching
Influence Factors of Online English Learning

The most important feature of online teaching is that it can perform asynchronous communication and learning. In addition, online learning learners also need more communication and exchanges (Barton & Maness, 2017).

Table 2.1 The Influence Factors of Online English Learning

THEORIES RELATED TO ONLINE ENGLISH TEACHING

Constructivism
Behaviourism
Teaching Approaches

A suitable teaching method can cultivate students' enthusiasm for learning and guide students to learn independently and achieve their learning goals (Fenstermacher, Soltis & Sanger, 2015). Student-centered teaching methods cultivate students' interest in learning and allow students to learn independently under the drive of assertion (Akdemir & Özçelik, 2019).

STUDENTS’ PERCEPTIONS TOWARD ONLINE ENGLISH LEARNING

Definitions of Perceptions
Importance of Perceptions
The Formation of Perceptions in Online English Learning

Learners' perception mainly consists of three parts: the environment, understanding and requirements of online English learning. Thinking is transferred to the brain to form a subjective reaction and finally create the student's perception of online English learning (Understanding Bolshakov & Sgibnev.

Table 2.2 The Three Laws of Perceptions Intensity law of

ENGLISH CURRICULUM IN CHINA

Overview of English Curriculum in China
Characteristics of English in different Kinds of Chinese High School

They can effectively improve students' quick reaction and ability to express English thinking (Yamada, 2014). China International School uses English as a second language and is widely used in students' studies and lives.

RELATED RESEARCH

In learning, teachers use English to organize instruction to increase students' language practice opportunities; creates an English atmosphere, and cultivates the habit of direct English thinking (Carrasquillo, 2013). The aim was to investigate students' views on the flipped classroom approach of online project learning (FC-OPBL). The researchers finally found that FC-OPBL can improve students' learning efficiency, motivation and learning interest and promote diversified development and teamwork.

A study on students' views on teaching writing in an EFL Facebook group came from Friatin (2018). As a result, the researcher found that the students' perception of the used Facebook groups for teaching English writing showed a positive influence, which made the students enthusiastic about learning English writing and made them love learning English writing. Finally, the researchers concluded that the use of listening blogs meets the learning requirements of teachers, which provided an effective method of evaluating students' oral performance as well as personalized verbal feedback.

A study of students' perceptions of English as the medium of instruction (EMI) in the English classroom came from Rahmadani (2016).

CONCLUSION

Moreover, according to the above literature theory, online English learning is affected by 8 factors, they were: course management, network facilities, teaching methods, learning motivation, learning self-discipline, teaching contents, professionalism of teaching and effective interaction. For teachers, these factors affect their management of curriculum design and teaching methods; For students, they affect their academic performance and learning efficiency. In this study, the researcher takes these 8 factors as the basis of the questions and compiles a questionnaire to investigate students' perceptions of online English learning.

Figure 2.5 The 8 Factors of Influenced Online English Learning Source Ammenwerth & Felderer, 2021

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

RESEARCH DESIGN
RESEARCH SITE, POPULATION AND SAMPLE

Research Site
Research Population and Sample

INSTRUMENTS OF THE RESEARCH

Questionnaire
Semi-Structured Interviews

DATA ANALYSIS

Questionnaire
Semi-Structured Interviews

VALIDITY AND RELIABILITY

Validity
Reliability

ETHICS CONSIDERATION

Obtaining Permission
Anonymity
Precautions

In conducting the study, 404 students in the sample group at Anshun No.1 High School were asked to complete a questionnaire and semi-structured interviews with 10 English teachers. Then the researcher collected the questionnaire data, analysis of the results by mean, S.D and Two-Tailed test. In this study, the researcher used questionnaire to collect data about the students' . perceptions of online English learning.

The average ranked the data obtained from the questionnaire from the highest to the lowest ranking. This section mainly presents the validity and reliability of the questionnaire and semi-structured interviews. The researcher guarantees the privacy and identity of the participants in the research process according to the various research instruments.

In this study, the researcher must ensure that the participants participated in the survey anonymously, which will not harm the privacy and identity of the participants.

Figure 3.1 The Research Design- Questionnaire Design (3 Experts)

DATA ANALYSIS

THE ANALYSIS OF QUESTIONNAIRE

The Analysis of Multiple-Choice Questions
The Analysis of Scoring Questions
The Analysis of Open-ended Question

Table 4.6 shows that the highest dimension of students' perception in online English learning is "Professionalism of teaching". The 6th dimension of students' perception of online English learning is "Learning self-discipline". In contrast, the lowest dimension of students' perception of online English learning is “teaching methods”.

We can revise several times to improve our effectiveness of online English learning (participant and 86). On the other hand, 14 participants expressed the importance of online English learning to improve learning efficiency. While a small number of participants felt that online English learning needs students to improve their attention.

On the other hand, the 11 participants described the influence of online English learning on students.

THE ANALYSIS OF SEMI-STRUCTURED INTERVIEWS

The Analysis of First Question
The Analysis of Second Question
The Analysis of Third Question
The Analysis of Fourth Question
The Analysis of Fifth Question

Question one is 'What do you think are the challenges of online English teaching in difficult times'. I think the effectiveness of online English teaching is lower than that of face-to-face teaching.” (Lower effectiveness) (Interviewee 4, personal communication, August Lack of interaction. In the online English classroom, I cannot have effective group discussion and classroom interaction with students.”.

The second question is: 'What do you think are the opportunities for teaching English online in difficult times?' I provide teaching videos and powerpoints in online English class to help students learn. The fifth question is: “Please provide some practical teaching methods to help students improve the effectiveness of online English learning.”

I recommend that students communicate and interact with teachers through the Internet to stimulate their enthusiasm for online English learning.”

Table 4.9 The Analysis of First Question

Conclusion

Teachers could help students improve their online academic performance while increasing students' use of network technology. Most online English classrooms are teacher-centered, and there is a lack of effective communication and interaction between teachers and students. On the other hand, the researcher investigated through semi-structured interviews that teachers faced different challenges and opportunities in online English teaching.

For teachers, the challenges faced by teachers in online English teaching were students' non-independent learning, inefficiency of online learning, and lack of interaction between teachers and students. In contrast, the opportunities faced by teachers were changing teaching methods, teachers adopting a mix of online and on-site teaching, and more convenience of online English teaching. Regarding whether they could overcome the challenges of online English teaching, 8 teachers expressed a positive attitude and had a lifelong learning attitude towards learning and exploring more comprehensive online English teaching methods.

At the same time, to cope with online English learning in difficult times, teachers continue to improve teaching professionalism, strengthen learning management for students, and focus on online course design.

Figure 4.15 The Semi-Structured Interviews for Teachers

CONCLUSION, DISCUSSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

RESEARCH CONCLUSION

Responses to First Research Objective
Responses to Second Research Objective

Research Discussion

Responses to First Research Question
Responses to Second Research Question

Research Recommendations

Recommendations for Implementation
Recommendations for Future Studies

EDUCATIONAL IMPLICATIONS

The researcher investigated students' perceptions regarding online English learning, and they are divided into 8 factors (Table 4.14) ranked in order from high to low which were demonstrated:. At the same time, the lack of effective communication and interaction between teachers and students will ultimately affect students' academic performance. Teachers used the blended teaching method (online teaching and on-site supervision) to manage student learning.

Teachers can provide students with the opportunity to set learning goals and meet students' individual learning needs. And the best opportunity for Chinese high school teachers was “using blended teaching to improve students' academic performance and learning motivation.” Chinese high schools could obtain and understand students' perceptions of online English learning through this research.

It could also help Chinese high school teachers improve their online teaching methods and effectively improve students' online learning performance.

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