Chapter 4: Data Analysis
4.2 Sample Characteristics
The research participants were 293 employees, of which 86.69%
(254) were male and 13.31% (39), female (Figure 5). While the results may seem skewed, it reflects the preferential hiring practices of the company, which has a high male-to-female employee ratio.
Figure 5: Gender of Research Participants
86.69%
13.31%
Male Female
Fifteen different nationalities participated in the study, with the main nationality being Indian at 86.69% (254). While this result may seem skewed, it mainly reflects the nature of the business in the UAE. The rest of the nationalities include the Philippines at 5.80% (17); Pakistan at 2.05%
(6); and each of the following nationalities at 0.68% (2): Jordan, Palestine, Syria, and the UK. Bangladesh, Egypt, Lebanon, Nigeria, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Tunisia, and the US each accounted for 0.34% (1) (Figure 6).
Figure 6: Nationality of Research Participants
In Figure 7, we see most participants were employed in Abu Dhabi (51.19%, 150); 33.11% (97) were employed in Dubai; 9.56% (28), Al Ain;
3.07% (9), Ras Al Khaimah; 2.39% (7), Sharjah; and 0.68% (2), Bahrain.
Figure 7: Location of Research Participants
86.69%
5.80%
2.05% 5.46%
India Phillipines Pakistan Other
51.19%
33.11%
9.56%
3.07%
2.39%
0.68% Abu Dhabi Dubai Al Ain Sharjah Bahrain
Regarding age, as seen in Figure 8, 19.45% (57) were between 21 and 29; 58.70% (172), 30 and 39; 19.80% (58), 40 and 49; and 2.05% (6), over 50.
Figure 8: Age Range of Research Participants
Regarding marital status, as seen in Figure 9, 80.20% (235) of the participants were married, 19.11% (56) were single, and 0.68% (2) were divorced.
Figure 9: Marital Status of Research Participants
Regarding the experience level of employees, as seen in Figure 10, 55.29% (162) have been working for SIBCA LLC for one to three years;
13.99% (41), four to six years; and 30.72% (90), seven years or more.
2.05%
19.80%
58.70%
19.45% 50-59
40-49 30-39 21-29
80.20%
19.11%
0.68%
Married Single Divorced
Figure 10: Job Experience of Research Participants
With regard to the job roles of the research participants, as seen in Figure 11, most respondents were under the Professional/Engineer (38.91%, 114) category, followed by Manager/Specialist/Team Leader/Supervisor (26.96%, 79), Laborer/Technician (13.99%, 41),
Administrator/Coordinator/Officer (11.60%, 34), and Executive/Director/Senior Manager (8.53%, 25).
Figure 11: Job Role of Research Participants
Considering educational background, as seen in Figure 12, 7.51%
(22) had a high school qualification; 80.89% (237), a bachelor’s degree;
11.26% (33); a master’s degree; and less than 1% (1), a doctorate.
30.72%
13.99%
55.29%
7 Years or More 4 to 6 Years 1 to 3 Years
8.53%
26.96%
38.91%
11.60%
13.99% Executive/Director/Se nior Manager Manager/Specialist/Te am Leader/Supervisor Professional/Engineer
Administrator/Coordi nator/Officer Laborer/Technician
Figure 12: Education of Research Participants
Fourteen departments were represented in this research (see Table 3).
This array of departments demonstrates the variety of roles in the company, representing the types of roles in each department and their significance within the company. It also depicts the focus of various corporate locations and their respective roles within the larger body of operational tasks.
Overall, the diverse sample can be considered representative of the larger population.
0.34%
11.26%
80.89%
7.51% Doctorate
Master’s Bachelor’s High School
Table 3: Departments of Research Participants
Description Frequency %
Operations 99 33.79
Services 75 25.60
Sales 34 11.60
Engineering 32 10.92
Finance 9 3.07
Project Management 7 2.39
Quality, Health, Safety, and
Environment 7 2.39
Administration 6 2.05
Human Resources 6 2.05
Supply Chain 6 2.05
Information Technology 4 1.37
Legal and Contracts 4 1.37
Executive Management 2 0.68
Warehouse 2 0.68
Correspondingly, the roles within the company that are represented in the survey sample are significant and diverse. Engineers, accounting
professionals, account management, bid and proposal professionals,
management members, draftsmen, payroll specialists, and graphic designers are among them. Similarly, all levels of management, including senior management (e.g., CFO) and those in lower-level associate positions, are represented.
Participants were categorized into three social-class categories, including skilled or semi-skilled, middle class, and management (see Figure 13), and corresponding wage categories, including low-wage, middle-wage, and high-wage (see Figure 14). Of the sample of 293, 7.17% (21) were in management; 69.62% (204), middle class; and 23.21% (68), skilled and semi-skilled. Correspondingly, 7.17% (21) were in a high-income bracket, 39.93% (117); a middle-income bracket; and 52.90% (155) a low-income bracket.
Figure 13: Class Category of Research Participants
Figure 14: Wage Category of Research Participants
7.17%
69.62%
23.21%
Management Middle Class Skilled and Semi-Skilled
7.17%
39.93%
52.90%
High-Wage Middle-Wage Low-Wage
Overall, the demographic results show that the sample is diverse and representative, accurately representing the total population. As a result, it is a fair or valid sample from which to draw conclusions about the larger population. The data can and should be analyzed to draw conclusions about how to apply the assigned intervention to the target population to improve OHS while demonstrating its impact on overall productivity. It is also significant to note changes in the total number or ratio of low-, middle-, and high-income earners between the pre- and post-intervention surveys for the result of attrition, promotion, and classification changes among employees.
Clearly, the company is active and growing, and SIBCA LLC members are moving up the ranks, which is no inconsistency or anomaly in the data.
Table 4 shows a summary of the sample characteristics.
Table 4: Sample Characteristics Summary
Item Description Frequency %
City
Abu Dhabi 150 51.19%
Dubai 97 33.11%
Al Ain 28 9.56%
Ras Al Khaimah 9 3.07%
Sharjah 7 2.39%
Bahrain 2 0.68%
Department
Operations 99 33.79%
Services 75 25.60%
Sales 34 11.60%
Engineering 32 10.92%
Finance 9 3.07%
Project Management 7 2.39%
QHSE 7 2.39%
Admin 6 2.05%
Human Resources 6 2.05%
Supply Chain 6 2.05%
IT 4 1.37%
Legal and Contracts 4 1.37%
Executive Management 2 0.68%
Warehouse 2 0.68%
Job Role
Executive/Director/Senior Manager 25 8.53%
Manager/Specialist/Team
Leader/Supervisor 79 26.96%
Professional/Engineer 114 38.91%
Administrator/Coordinator/Officer 34 11.60%
Laborer/Technician 41 13.99%
Job Experience
7 Years or More 90 30.72%
4 to 6 Years 41 13.99%
1 to 3 Years 162 55.29%
Class Category
Management 21 7.17%
Middle Class 204 69.62%
Skilled and Semi-Skilled 68 23.21%
Table 4: Sample Characteristics Summary (Continued)
Item Description Frequency %
Wage Category
High-Wage 21 7.17%
Middle-Wage 117 39.93%
Low-Wage 155 52.90%
Nationality
India 254 86.69%
Philippines 17 5.80%
Pakistan 6 2.05%
Jordan 2 0.68%
Palestine 2 0.68%
Syria 2 0.68%
United Kingdom 2 0.68%
Bangladesh 1 0.34%
Egypt 1 0.34%
Lebanon 1 0.34%
Nigeria 1 0.34%
Sri Lanka 1 0.34%
Sudan 1 0.34%
Tunisia 1 0.34%
United States of America 1 0.34%
Gender Male 254 86.69%
Female 39 13.31%
Age Range
50-59 6 2.05%
40-49 58 19.80%
30-39 172 58.70%
21-29 57 19.45%
Marital Status
Married 235 80.20%
Single 56 19.11%
Divorced 2 0.68%
Education
Doctorate 1 0.34%
Master’s 33 11.26%
Bachelor’s 237 80.89%
High School 22 7.51%