ود سא א نو אو د א א

(1)

(2)

(3)

fmmi

fififmiא fmmiא

ﻦﻋ ﺭﺪﺼﺗ

ﺩﻮﻌﺳ ﻚﻠﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻌﻣﺎﺟ

ود

א א

نوאو دא

א

F

م 2016

E

F 1438

E

http://jes.ksu.edu.sa

(4)

(5)

fmmi

fififmiא fmmiא

!"#א$%&א

ﺩ . ﻞﻴﺑ ﺓﻮﻄﻋ

F אא E

ﺃ.

ﺩ . ﻱﺮﻴﺜﻜﻟﺍ ﺪﻤﺣ ﻦﺑ ﺪﺷﺍﺭ

א F

دא E

ﺃ.

ﺩ . ﻝﻮﻏﺰﻟﺍ ﺮﻴﺼﻨﻟﺍ ﻊﻓﺍﺭ

א F

ندא E

ﺃ.

ﺩ . ﻊﻳﺎﺸﻟﺍ ﻥﺎﻤﻴﻠﺳ ﻦﺑ ﺪﻬﻓ

دא

F دא E

ﺃ.

ﺩ . ﺪﺒﻋ ﻦﻴﻄﺑﺎﺒﻟﺍ ﺏﺎﻫﻮﻟﺍﺪﺒﻋ ﻦﺑ ﺰﻳﺰﻌﻟﺍ

دא F

دא E

ﺃ.

ﺩ . ﺐﻴﻘﻨﻟﺍ ﻢﻇﺎﻛ ﻰﻴﺤﻳ

ن F

!"

E

'()"

א א

ﺃ.

ﺪﺒﻌﻟﺍ ﻰﺴﻴﻋ ﻦﺑ ﺪﻬﻓ ﻒﻴﻄﻠﻟﺍ

jes@ksu.edu.sa ﺃ.

ﻲﺘﻔﻤﻟﺍ ﻥﺎﻤﻌﻧ ﻩﺪﺒﻋ

jes@ksu.edu.sa re.

جא+,א -%.!אو /א

ﺃ.

ﻲﻛﺯ ﺩﺍﻮﻋ ﻦﻤﻳﺃ

0!א1%2

ﺃ . ﺩ . ﻱﺮﻤﻴﻤﺸﻟﺍ ﻦﻤﺣﺮﻟﺍﺪﺒﻋ ﻦﺑ ﻒﺳﻮﻳ

0!א

ﺃ . ﺩ . ﺪﺒﻋ ﺭﺎﺠﻨﻟﺍ ﺪﻤﺤﻣ ﻦﺑ ﺏﺎﻫﻮﻟﺍ

0!א$%3456

ﺃ . ﺩ . ﻯﺪﻔﻤﻟﺍ ﻦﻤﺣﺮﻟﺍ ﺪﺒﻋ ﻦﺑ ﺮﻤﻋ

دא

F א د E

ﺃ . ﺩ . ﻲﻓﻼﺨﻤﻟﺍ ﻥﺎﺣﺮﺳ ﻦﺑ ﺪﻤﺤﻣ

م $א

F دא E

ﺃ . ﺩ . ﺐﻴﻄﺨﻟﺍ ﺪﻤﺤﻣ ﻦﺑ ﻝﺎﻤﺟ

دא %א F

ندא E

ﺃ . ﺩ . ﻲﻧﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﻦﺴﺣ ﻦﺑ ﻥﺎﻤﻠﺳ

$א F

&!' E

ﺃ . ﺩ . ﻝﻼﻫ ﻮﺑﺃ ﺪﻤﺤﻣ ﻦﺑ ﺮﻫﺎﻣ

س" )ن א F

ن *+, E

ﺃ . ﺩ . ﻑﺍﻭﺮﻟﺍ ﺪﻌﺳ ﺖﻨﺑ ﺎﻴﻫ

א د F دא E

אق K

!"و$%و&'()%*+א و,-.و/'0,-.12%و$3א4+5,$67د89.:;2<=

نو?.@AدB אو$CDمF%,$ لHدIאو$/J2BאوK<LBאذ 3אK<KNOPQ4.B* אR8لLSא

K

(6)

T F

<Qود

;8

;' E

=T UVאKWX.RXA C

<.&אمא

، Q?LA CאKUZ[

X2א

F

\; %<K<א\

E د א].&א*48 و،

^_`KאA(a(3אb?@A

،7?cאو`d.eLB<,fא;אg@B%(KWXhאنא?.

CiZH-.مא5B=א،<.&אمאلT

،;אjVא

J@Xאو

;א K

و مA 3א

$.K.،KW%k2<hlא;אدאאKWX.

/;WAو،<5m=.و W

`dאUVא W

Bא

;אCZ אKאو،UVאK<QAو،;אCאKאو،<KFXאو

K<QAو،7oLא

Cאو?XאوCא+אوCאKpqא

KWX.3אrKA;*،sKHdאtد*dאC6WXאو،;א/P KאCL1و،;אC<?BXאو ضوK8

_<?7QWXאrB'א

3אلT K

<א W

<.&אمא ;'vאUVאKW% ،א?8אאK@0$4;wXLو7?PאQTن'Aن$

K

"א W

<.&אمא 75;B8X@o<k و;'vאUVאKW%

K

>א

?א W

1

<.&אمא ^_ً;8ًK3א:LAن$– K

2

<.&אمא KWXאو;iIאوvאC<B2אR8^_אA– K

3

*QWא–

AR8?82AlאX`Kא<.&אUydאKW%لZH4 Kא;BT+X.

;B3אK<

z?Aو K

(7)

A אA (

@

• 1397

L م1977

?`

Q نאX.3א4د?8ل|و$

A - אد

@K

• 1404

L م1984

a(3אg אoA W

A

"!- אد

@ د א.&א*T K

• 1409

L م1989

a(3אg אoA W

د אT A

"אمא

@K

• 1412

L م1992

a(3אg אoA W

د אT A

./א- א$אو"אمא

@K

• 1433

L م2012

)L

^BTa(3א W

A

"אمא

@ وA ./א- א$א

@K

• 1434

L م2013

?`

Q 4د?8ل|و$

A

"אمא

@K

"א W

» ﺔﻳﻮﺑﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﻡﻮﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﻠﺠﻣ

«

ص K 3 W 5$6א7!א2458 W

11451

ﺔﻴﺑﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻛ –

ﺩﻮﻌﺳ ﻚﻠﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻌﻣﺎﺟ –

ﺽﺎﻳﺮﻟﺍ – ﺔﻳﺩﻮﻌﺴﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﺑﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﻜﻠﻤﻤﻟﺍ

8 9 W (+966) 1-4674454

: W (+966) 1-4679965

א

;و&/א$6 W

jes@ksu.edu.sa א

;و&/א<) W

http://jes.ksu.edu.sa

Cא:D#א

لدF!אو W

ﺮﺸﻨﻠﻟ ﺩﻮﻌﺳ ﻚﻠﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻌﻣﺎﺟ ﺭﺍﺩ

– ﺔﻌﻣﺎﺟ ﻚﻠﻤﻟﺍ ﺩﻮﻌﺳ – ﺽﺎﻳﺮﻟﺍ – ﺔﻜﻠﻤﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﺑﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﻳﺩﻮﻌﺴﻟﺍ

ص K 3 W 68953

!א 5$6א7 W

11537

دאG W 15

ً>

ً د و'،

،@Aא* "Bد

$6א' CDE F K

(8)

1

KWXم?אjVאزوJB<=ن$r

F E30

^L1אX;B،V`

W

،.Kא אKאو،,5mIאو K

2

jVنL1?<

W

،.Kא.;?$

JBA=ن$R8،<5mIא.KHאو

;@X?אو/*C;*زو

F E200

;*

K

3

^L1א<

W BC;*،,5mIאو،.Kא F

Key Words

E C;*OR8?<5A=

F 7دo

نאX8

jVא E م?1B2B؛jVאوXB<lאC=3א48\A،

eW'Bא K

4

.QdאVLאאد.$ن'A F

א sK2אو،RX;אو،R2אو،

E F E3

2אو،g

7دKK dא^.

K

5

ن'<

X.

א .Kא

א F

Simplified Arabic

E

، و gJy F E16

و،

X.

א ,5mIא

א

F

Times New Roman

E

، و gJy F KE11

6

ن'<

X.

א .Kא

لوא?cא F

Simplified Arabic

E gJy،

F E10

، و

X.

א ,5mIא لوא?cא

F

Times New Roman

E

، gJy F KE8

7

.KאمiQdאم?1B2A F

,1-2-3...

Arabic

E jVא<X[

K

8

giKAن'<

CV`

jVא VLא/ $eLBX K

9

lא2 qאو،^_אو$،jאg אو،jVאنאX8rB'<

V`R8، אKאنאX8و،@(;BX<

/iB2

jVאCV`

K

ًא+?.،jVאCVL.BAg[

ً8B jVאنאX8rB'<jaوdאVL.

jVא/'.

K

R8אK< 10

،^_אو$،jאg אدאK<(م?8jVא.B*

48eW'A7Q0(,-.و$،אK`jVא

;*م?1B2A(و،g@B<אو$،zB<

F

^_אو$،jא E

ً=?.

+א ،g =א4

و$،k[Bאو$،א

;Pi אKא K

; GאH:وIJ@אKLA 11

W

' L NNO@ GאPNNJ@א W

s?و،jVא6ضK.$?A?jאدQ<

Sא zAאoBوzA2وz(

،

B

?/'W..2אC אQ?אX;

Lنود

8K نאX8 K

g[،jVא'WضאKB אذ<

دQAbא?dא?.و،z א?$?<?N

zwوK و$jVא $ K

R8;BW؛jVאJ@XضKAg[

W

;BT

،zAאود$و،zBX8و،jVא

zA%./N*X;B،zAא+אK(و K

g[

ضKA

،@BWiXوjVאPB%

C`Bאو

@X8_Xא K

;PiwAو

אKא k[Bא $عA.jVא<@%

?;Bא 3א K

3 L

!LAאPJ@א W

@WiX<lא<5*Kא7K'@ ?@t?jאدQ<

،jVאC.د$@ ًX،jVא

B;$و zTa(;אzB w(و،z K

g[

ضK<

QدR8م2i$a(jVאg2<g[4و،z_yJ@X

.א&א4

ضK<jy،@X.;

ًא+5ن'A7د?7K' @X/*

<5*Kא7K'א4

jV K jVאgBg[

g$X;B0`Z

@(HlאPBXא

Vא j K

;PiwAو

אKא

$عA.jVא<@%

k[Bא ?;Bא 3א K

،'<KdאOXאg8مF%3א ?;Bאk[Bא $ 12

Qא?`Iא سد2א W

(AmericanPsychological Association – APA – 6^th ED)

<VXאو<א+Hdא4Hو،jVאZ 4jא?*-B<

K

(9)

7QWXאC=אk[AXوQو$&.jאم5B<

7دQאא.KאC<Qو?א

אKא;Pi .Kא

F +.Iא

.KאאKא;Pi @8 E

ً و،

BאمFX W

$ L

*אذ(

7دQאא.Kא.7QWXאאC%.)%

אKא;Pi F

،^qא+$و$،g א/;WAlא

<Qو?אC%.و،אنאX8و E

<5mIא.7د

;*rB'B ،@.7QWXא<Qو?א/`$

;* w(،אKא;Pi F

in Arabic

E i^.

<Qو?אنאX8?.^

K

L <5mIא.7د.Kא.7QWXאאC%.4'Ahאذ(

XوQgB ،@.7QWXא<Qو?א/`$

F

Romanization / Transliteration

E

^ i^.KWXאX2.8B،^qא+$و$،g א F

/XאXوK.?L<

ALא ,$،@A+אKi4<5mIאא+אKi4'p،XA=bوKa(XAZאobوKV

W قX/<N

<5mI.kXAbوKa(.KאbوKSא E

ًאK אBن*אذ(אنאX.B<g[،

<5mIא.

/`$

ًאK אB4'<hאذ(و،א אאa(zBKAgBB

.א@.CKW%lא<Qو?אg .B<g[،<5mI

ً.B'ن*אذ(<5mIא

ً.B'4'<hאذ(و،@.

<5mIאאa(zBKAgB @.

K

;*bAg[

F

in Arabic

E

<Qو?אنאX8?.^ i^.

K

ج L

،7K0א?..KאאK.;PiwA

ًPJAK

ً و،لوdאeq;oHdאg =אr2

d

3א ?;Bאk[Bא K

د L k و،@BXوQو$،@BKAlא.KאאKאX;B،<5mIאאK.;Pi،.KאאKא;Pi<

PJא@AKA F

<5mIא.

E

;oHdאg =אr2

ً و،لوdאeq 3א ?;Bאk[Bא d

K

J

"!א<א!א- "AوR,ل T; *:و W

ن; ،\cא FK

م1991

KE g@A2Xو^ Q?אCא\HbZBH.@ ZBHאs?و אKcאO<Q?AقK6g<A

g@ALLو

2א.Kא';. BאKא

<د د אTK

،<.&אمא

F3 E1

،

143

– K170

Al-jabr, S. (1991). The Evaluation of geography instruction and the variety of its teaching concerning the experience, nationality, and the field of study in intermediate schools in Saudi Arabia (in Arabic).

Journal of King Saud University- Educational Sciences, 3(1), 143-170.

ًא?@AOPKאjאم?< 15

ًi

^*QWא^_א4وzX F

אو?ون(

E

?<

z%$و،KW%k2<hjVאن-.

KWXم?<4و،KWXم?o

RBsKH$@

@BXA ( KW%و،z;'NCא+אK

3א K

z Qو$،g'VBzB$K<KAو،jV|وdאVאkK<KVBא 16

K

,$ KW%ز=و،J;KWXאق/*لوqAKWXjVאلiل 17

،ً%و&'(و$ًiQوKH"KW%fX

K<KVBאOPQ4.B*نذ(نود K

\A=و، ^_אKF%@و48\A7QWXאUVא 7دQאא+אQא 18

3א,$Q487QوK.

K

K<KVBא 19

kSא UVאKW%C<و$?<?N K

ً%و&'(UVאg<?AgB< 20

لZH4

?<K.

3א

%و&'Iא F

jes@ksu.edu.sa

KE

(10)

(11)

)) T

نא.א د?אBB א F

3אK<KN

E

;"!אKOא

Q?א/iل6$s?8;B=א7+'.@BiZ8و6א7+'א U!9%א VA"

OWאK9א!"D

K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K

353

دQ*Z.gBא7Qאد(مF%\8%و&'IאW%dאK[$

(Blackboard)

Lא<אوQCאQ@;XA

6C6s?gBא48wKאو;iKא R VA"

XC%א$

و،

$!Y VA"

;Z!א[ G\א$@,

K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K

379

gB א?.;@BiZ8و/B2אkiوCאfא8

75F V!;2אi8Iא,وذאs?

]א$@,

"

3א!^لد ,

K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K

K K K K K K K K K

407

زmIאe8 F

AQא E

;XA

;BאC<'א C;אC

אL

7K'א

س?א _ `אج!:$*bVA"د "

K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K

431

+*fא

%א?א

zBiZ8و CJAא& .

@א طw s?/;א

; ,وذ i8Iא

<K'א

K9א!"D

"

$@, 77א cOא

K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K

455

אK0(Qد Zא*

Pא?B.=אسد2אeLQאمאB*

K!&א$@א77א$@,cO,VA"$

و،

K!&א$@א$*b"]א$@,"d e

K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K

475

g&B*48ضK8 نאX.

F

ZאgA/$4O<Q?Bא W

ًא5;Bً;4*

E

K K K K K K K

503

(12)

(13)

دא%K!!א

(14)

(15)

א دא%K!!

' (& )

* fififmiא fmmiא fmmi +

,-!. ,- /!. !01 2 23 45 6 7 -!8

,9:

;<=>

2016 ?@ , 1438 &

% % %<A ,%- BC6 DE F3!G: ,H= IJE K.< &:

L<)< 2M)- B5 NC-

* ifmiא fmmiא fmmi +fif

!0OP3 Q!AR KST !U ' (& Q= !V 7NW: ,

X%A %Y=!Z % [%\ %2= ,! 2M B!- ] ^ !&_ T `93 45 S6!C aNb cM (& 3:

I! dSeM fMg XA WhM: ,ic ,- !0= 9C !- D!MJ ^ Qj k%M icS lm XA ! <

n!% !% opJ [S2M6 T: , o! k%= 9C! !0C- j: ,!0C- f<M D!MJg !q 23 1436

$ 1437 %&

− 2015

$ 2016

104 !0C- KSsT !.c

40

!.c %2M S%6!C aN%& % cM %(& f0MC3:

!S !& Ot !%01 2: ,!%0= F0u%c 9%> X%A F0%@ v: F0-wM&: !q F0uc F2M :D!MJ ,N x.v

!0= 9C ! x!M

% o!% ^ F%0- y%z- ,%A F8%- {!MO " A |R =!zR ,AC- ic M6 N& ,<}M ,A

* +

aN& [<t:

,- ) O< ,- ic D5 icS

~2 -!8 ,- xe)= ,- x.c: ,S: ,, SA [C QD> QI-E: ,6 7 ;B!-!8 [%:!C3 T:

d%T: BN% %A!=: ,%AwM8g Q_!%?O! !%0MTpA: ?! Q_!?O [C<}3 ACM- B!Az- icS aN&

: KS2M) =! w0MTpA

FM xO<M <M QI) -: ,F Se

Se ?e v x<

<C3 ^ FM QDR !Y> ;A >:O eP>E u5: ,<M B!!?O ,- Q OS BD!0-

,<T 2 :D

6! HMTpA: 8 _!WN:

08- B!3 De {!MW ^ {pe WR 8D: ,K< z

WN3:

,%- !%& !%- K%W %2T !%0M!CA: I%SO !0-wM& 3 !Vh !&_ T ' (&

!- !0C- NJE XA K<: 8 !0M6D XA w1 L)3: ,B!23 :5 B!Yvp- D23: ,!0-23: De3 d2

!& Ot H 23: ,!q !v2- T :5 Yvp- 5: !0- KA!?3: FM& ,- KW !)-

H ?C: F ^ Q!f: IG H= ! !m !C2=:

$%

9:אمאLM

N د"OPא

* * *

(16)

(17)

Q9אRSTא

(18)

(19)

,

28 , 3

" " , 353 − 377 , 2016 1438

!"#$

%&

'( )"!*

+ 1 -

%&'( )* +,- +./0 /1

2 3* 4 30

04 1437

; 3* 6'47 2

09 01 1438

./01 9 :;< +=;> 9?@/ A( B? CD EF' BG:

HG :(I?1J +=;> K?4L(7 M, 6'4 / N;<O P

*: )->Q 47

%/

)R7Q ,;<7 SL;< 99 T H ,I(O

−4 P6 :(I?1J +=;> :-,;:U V:W/7 ,M, 6'4 / N;<0 :;< +=;> V:W/ X:'YQ HQ7

: Z:' %*W M, 6'4 / N;<0

P ,U[ \?@/ ]O IU ,,U[ %/ A(O ^-_ 9 :;< +=;> 9?@/ ]O M, `a?- );bU7

9 :(I?1J +=;>7 :;< +=;> T :acRD J \d : eD 4L( 17 `a?* \KfO IU ,:(I?1J +=;> V:W/ 2 ,W?/ ^-_7 6'4 / N;<O 1, 2 ^-_ N;<0 \1, gM?/7 ,U[ N;<0 \1, gM?/ T :acRD J \d h7i 177 ,Sj-D7 S,Ud M,

^-_ kc h7; lQ )-U7 :;< +=;> V:W/ O 27 :>

P

?/7 ,U[ \1, gM?/ T :acRD J \d h7i 17 T'Q IU gM

^-_ kc SmO h7; lQ )-U7 ,:(I?1J +=;> V:W :> 1, 2 ^-_ \1, P

N 2 \M, n:o>Q :pq M, rQ7

M, 6'4 / N;<0 K?:s*Q7 :(I?1J7 :;< +=;>

P

:3 4/

:;< i ,u;< .'?

v, ?MJ ,u;< H:w*? , P

_________________________________________________________________________

________

The relationship between the pre-school children`s emotional and social competence

Aljawharh Alsukah⁽¹⁾ Princess Nora University (Received 09/02/2016; accepted 10/10/2016)

Abstract: The research aims to identify the level of emotional competence of pre-school children and its relationship to their social competence. The sample of the study consisted of 99 male and females children, ages ranging from 4-6 years. The researcher prepared the emotional competence scale to the pre-school children, in addition, it was used California scale for social competence for pre-school children, which been adapted to the Arab Environment. The finding of the study showed that the emotional competence level was higher in female children compared to males. However, the social competence in male and female were comparable. In addition, there were positive significant correlation between emotional competence and social competence to all preschool children (male and female).Furthermore; the findings were found statistical significant differences between the mean scores in the emotional competence for male and female children, for the favor of female. Moreover, it was found statistically significant differences between the mean scores in the social competence for male and female children, these differences were in favor of female children.

Key Words: Emotion Knowledge, Emotional Expression, School readiness, Emotion Regulation.

_________________________________________________________________________

________

1 H@4 ,x,b/ d?MO y;* H(

,

%& '( )* +,- +./0 /1 ,: :U

,

@ : >s ,

z "

84428 (1) Associate professor, Department of Psychology, College of Education,

Princess Nora University.

Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, P.O. Box (84428)

{7>_ | :

Aialsogeh@pnu.edu.sa e-mail:

(20)

56 ' :

:(I?1J7 :;< +=;> M, I? J ~ ;ToR' %/ 9 M, 6'4 / R/ 2 2 ,>-D %>s J ,7 %/ :(I?1J :;< +=;>

:aI* \J A( .jq?

7O ;Y R/ 2 =M

W P R/ 2 N;<0 ]O ToR' %/ UO 47 i?Q N;<0 ]WF? %[ +>' ;Y ,u(I?1J7 u;< s*7 =WQ,L oUO "i HG :;< +=;> %/ eD ns %7/ ]F'c7 gWi @: H 7 ,:(I?1J YQ 2 SR- oUO

HG %@F? SmO %>7 ,M, F- : eD \ WRL :M, \*@ 2 usU0 6:cF?

(Denham, Blair, DeMulder, Levitas Sawyer, Auerbach-Major, Queenan 2003)

6 /*i

Hi ,% L?J ]7'7 M, N;<0

>

/ : eD \4L( 2 73 A( %,4 ]- ]7b:M HO IU ,HK:s/ /7 ]40 (s

M, F- oUO : eD (bs

(Denham, Bassett, &

Wyatt, 2007; Diener & Kim, 2004)

S.'U S,7 :(I?1J7 :;< 6/ Q7 s / e_ 6(;?i ,ld 2 .'?7 ,T

A( +,W7 ,:;-J i7 ,\[ %( e_

usU0 * g'QQ / S' ,u;< H?

(Denham et al., 2003)

P

2 \ YL N;<0 ? /*( /O oUO ]->:M HKi ,:(I?1J7 :;< \J

/ n:>? 7O Xi? 2 v, TQ7

, IU

/ @@ 6s? Y ]/ HO ]>Q 6Ub %

\ c K?

* uK?*Q 47 ,:sU0

W R/ 2 \, ]/D7

(Zins,

BloodWorth, Weissberg, & Walberg, 2007)

P

:aI* w N;<0 9 ]>?Q di 7 :;< +=;>

+>' ;Y R/ 2 :(I?1J

Y T/ ]-> Wi ,H:M7 `- 6>b )47 2 usU0 6b;7 ,:@;* /0 _

XRJ

(Denham, Bassett, & Wyatt, 2010)

P

,uaI* ,@ '?Q :(I?1J :;< +=;> ]D -0 T s?@ 6(;? NL %/ F?Q7 6/7

M, 6o/ :1,

(Barbarin, Iruka, Harradine,

Winn, McKinney & Taylor, 2013)

x* 7 )'oQ O

9?@ +F 6/ |UO 6o :M, Z:' ]O Ts7 zLY :(I?1J :;< +=;>

P 6>b 7

:;< +=;> %@ u? Z:' Q ( :(I?1J

,Zi \4L %/ [ VM0 6/

Ts7 zLY :LW?MJ us*7 ,U,b b7

(Smith, 2001)

P

(21)

2 :(I?1J :;< +=;> :aI* :p0 ]D Q M,i , -K?MJ %>s J M, \*M

H? u? @:a :M F'c: ;N;<0 K:i

u(I?1J ,<_ , u(I?1J 2 Ti +

(Denham, Bassett, & Zinsser, 2012;

TACSE , 2003)

P

+=;> :s*Q :pO A( ]oR' W7 R/ NL HK/ ?;/ uKi ,:(I?1J :;<

,7 \*M NL +>' ;Y u;i

A( H:? 2 :U e -O ]oR' W?( ¡ ,=U[ +~ 61O %/ :sU0 \,K :s*Q

u(I?1J u;< H? :pO 6 HQ l[ :?-7

Peth-Pierce, 2000)

:;< +=;> :s*Q ]D ,

\,K %/ (s z@?U :s( u :(I?1J ,H>F?7 ,u;< H:w*? ~ Q7 % @ u? Y :(I?1J \4L +~7 ,% / n<?7 ,W d¢ A( +,W7 ,:7£@ 6s7 ,: e_

Elias & Haynes, 2008)

.

47 x,O

¤*

,W 7/7 V,

:pO

Q :s*Q7 +=;>

:sU0 7

:;<

2 R/

;Y +>' P 27 )4

¥¦

k'O

`/

\:s

:i :;<7 N;<

SL/(

S@:a, 2 HKR- 2

M,

(Zins et al., 2007)

P u;i

M, ,/

V7 77 J.47

:7 X*:QU

Maria, Bruce, Gerald & Leo Keating, 2009

b> CD )i u?

/ T 4L %( n

\*@ 2 N;<0 9 :(I?1J :;< +=;>7 %( nb> CD )i IU ,:a? J R %/ C70 K*( | u? :U@ Ni0 7, T 4L 2 :;<7 :(I?1J +=;> 9?@/ T 7 N;<0 ¤: ;;?§ n4/

6/ T 4L( 17 `a?* )*

M, 2 * £'*? T 7 :(I?1J7 :;<

P

NQ,;M7 %M-47 :;W-J M, /O

(Langeveld, Gundersen & Svartdal, 2012)

Wi

2 :-7 */7 :(I?1J +=;> Q CD )i 4 E:R ,+>' ;Y R/

H:sc? ]oR'

,<D NL %/ :(I?1J +=;> Q7 :s*? `/- :(I?1J \/ }/ w- X:'Y?

P )7

:(I?1J +=;> T@ 2 `/-| - A( `a?*

*: iO 9 P

M, )i IU *:7 ,LK:/7 ,7,,/

,-,O ,>:-/

(Moraru, Mihaea, Elena Adriana,

& Monica., 2011)

`/- :i %( nb> CD

6'4 / R/ 9 :(I?1J :;< +=;> :s*?

HQ7 ,:Ks? R/ A( W:'YQ HQ E:R ,M,

7 us/ %/ @Q ,Q ,

A( Yb-0 X:'YQ7

(22)

T H ,I(O 7Q 6;< Z/

−3

+ \*M 7

,K

:;< :(I?1J +=;> y:W/ ¨L )W'©<

P

:acRD J d7 ªIK/7 SF7 S*@ `a?* )*: 7 :(I?1J :;< N;<0 +=;> :(

, HKi *sm?/

No?/J7 u(I?1J x@ %@7 n< H:w*Q7 T-W P

@F?i ,\*M ^Lj s N;<0 /O %

`/-| +/ «4 '@ ,:( :acRD J d %>

s [ 2 N;< ¬ 2> `m* (7 P

u(I?1J7 u;< =U[ T =I h¤i 47 :;< \=;>i ,:(I?1J :;< +=;> T 7

u;< =U[ A( WQ7 g'QQ ,

+=;> Y?Q E:R

,u;< =U[ %/ S*:/ 9?@/ :;<

=U[i

\,W lQ HQ A( */> *Q,4 CD .b u;<

W- *Y?M [ ,W u :;< +=;>7 ,:(;

*Q:R 2 Vs/ xM CD */> *Q,4 %/

Pi A

No 6:'M :

(b/ A( 4 B? A( +,W

0 :;< +=;> d b %> % "

¥? 7 , xM CD KW-7 \=;> YQ %/

HK;<( H:w*Q A( ,4O ª:;<( =®;¯U0 N;<0 k'c H°:R 2 Vs/ xM CD K7

(Emmerling &

Goleman, 2003; Cherniss, 2000)

P

:;< +=;> Q IU :± 2 ª:R S/O

%[ M, 6'4 / N;<qi ,:aI* \J oUO H :;-J H,7 H°| H:w*Q ]:Y?@

:(I?1 :sUO : eD \1§ CD N S?M :;<(

(Rave, Gamer, & Smith Donald, 2007)

P

|*47 ,i7 ,h|@77 ,V: UO 47 ,h

]?M7 ,@:U 7* 7

(Elias, Weissberg, Frey,

Greenberg, Haynes, Kessler, Schwab-Stone, &

Shriver, 2000)

M, %/

(Sherry, Riceb, Boothea,

Sidellb, Vaughna, Keyesa, & Nagle, 2012)

ª: eD ]j£ J u;< =U[7 :;< +=;> ]O U0 ~-_ A(

p.jqQ ?s I-D7 ,@Fi us

A( e l[7 ,+:¦ 9/ * CD e_

9 :;-J \,K I? J \@M£

Ts?

P \,K :;-J \,K g'QQ7

:(I?1J ,

%[ N;<0i ,+R7 s ]K17 HKi

( u(I?17 u;<( XiQ HG 2 HK:c ]> ²N

]>7 ,y;* Wo H *( Q7 ,6miO V, +:1 :(I?1 \4L( HG P

,| M, 27

Brar, 1992

CD )i u?

:(I?1J +=;> T 4L :'< %/ XWF?

N;< u(I?1J `m*7 =U[ T 7 :;<

,

%/ *:( A( )1O E:R

H ,I(O 7Q SL;< 40

ER' ?M 47 ,\*M ^Lj7 %K T `m* -L*:i V:W/7 ,=U[ V:W %M ,'?

:(I?1J +=;> , ?-M V:W/7 ,u(I?1J

(23)

:;<

P \d h7i 17 M, `a?- %/ ]U7

N;<0 (s \1, \YM?/ T :acRD J /

=U[ u;Q ,

N;<0 (s \1, \YM?/7

:(I?1J :;< +=;> V:W/ A( =U[ u:-?/

P

9?@/ ]q aW :; H( CD M, )c7 +=;> YQ 2 ]IK@ ³[ `m* 9?@/7 =U[

=I O +.0 \*@ 27 ,:(I?1J :;<

:U ²N( 9?@/ N;<0 xL?/ :pO A( HK/I?

- 2 ,7 ;:(I?1J :;< +=;> %/

M, \*M 2 usU0 N;<0 P

(Braken

Stacey & fischel, 2007)

P

A( uaI* ´;* N 2 ]oR' 47 4L M, :pO T

+=;>

:;<

I?1J7 :(

*(

N;<0 T 7

9?@/

6:cF?

usU0 2

\*M ,M, E:R

);bU M, ,{?

,7,[: 7

,],7 ,u*::M7 ,i7/77

,x,/7 h|*47

(Brittany , Rhoadesa Heather. Warrenb, Celene, Domitrovicha, Mark, Greenberga, 2011)

%(

,'?

4L T +=;>

:;<

:(I?1J7

*(

N;<O

7 9?@/7 6:cF?

usU0 2

*@

C70

%/

R :a? J jO7

\,K/

'?-J ,HG

)*¤: 47

`a?*

]O

'?-J NL

R/

/ 6'4

M, g:M7 .'U 2

[

4L µ?R

+(/

9?@/

H:Q

\K/0 9?@7

?4J

c +

s(7 N;<0 HK@*17

P U£Q7

`a?*

:pO

-}

ua4

[

6os?

2

` * u?

UQ A(

:pO s*

u;<

u(I?1J7 ,

l[U7 s-

\,K/

'?-J

::QMU :s*?

T@7

*

usU0 2

6'W?@

R

;Y P

2 ^F 0 `a?- )7 y;* H( \: O

:;< +=;> CD ]7W?; %[ N;<0 ]O uaI*

\,K z@?U 2 SqQ ]K1 :(I?1J :MM0 :sU0

(Barbarin et al., 2013;

Denham, Bassett, Kalb, Mincic, Wyatt, Graling,

& Warren, 2009)

P

)W'©< M, `a?- )*¤: IU us/ A(

:a? J V, ,

( A( oU0 X;Q E:R

CD ]7W?; %[ N;<0 ¶ +(@/ HK?(Y?M ;M,s HKZ:° u? :;<7 :(I?1J \;c :->/ Wo ( %/ ]- N;<0 =J£ ]0 (7 ,³[ H:w*? A( +,W (7 ,HKR- A( HK?(Y?M

% N;<0 / ]7?

(Rimm-

Kaufman, Pianta, & Cox, 2000)

P

CD \M, %/ \,O 47 [ R [ 2 T@*} T h7;

, h;Q 'M7

\*M µ?R s?@ [7 ª:sUO ,U[ A( ^-_

CD '@ \M, ¶ )1,O E:R ,/}

< \,K ^-_ ?s?Q u? :(I?1J7 :;

(24)

u1:' -} Y'Q7 P

ld %/ y> A(7

:;< \,K X? I:i 64O ,U[ \1, ]>Q :(I?1J7 ,

6Ub %/ ]7Kw7

:U@

(Shipman, Schneider, & Brown, 2004;

Golden, Katz, & Kuziemko, 2006; Pomerantz, Altermatt, & Saxon, 2002)

P

H:U7 * 4 c [ 27

(Diener and

Kim, 2004)

H::W?

M, 6'4 / N;<O %/ 110

9/ A( wRL NL %/ H°K/O7

,KO 5

x@ 2 ,U[ A( ^-_ h;Q CD `a?* \,qi (I?1J +=;>7 e_ u(I?1J :

P

\,K 7? M, 6'4 / N;<O 1R ]D ³[ H:w*? K1/ 61O %/ ?Q :(I?1J

:i \'Y?7 usU0 H? H Ks [7 ,

:a? J R

(Weissberg , Payton, Wardlaw,

Graczyk, Blood worth & Tompsett, 2000)

P IU

]K1 HO H¨ :(I?1J \'W %/

%( .'? +,7·7 ,]40 / 6? (

XaJ 6>b n<

(Miller, Fine, Gouley,

Seifer, Dickstein, & Shields, 2006)

P

O'Q u? :(I?1J +=;> :pO %s>Q * %/7 R NL s?@Q7 :Ks?7 7 \*M %/

J ]40 / k1*7 e_ 6(;? 7 ,:a?

,M, 2 HKR-7 N;< :@;* Fc SMMO % / 6(;? 2 +,K/ oUO N;<0 k'O I>i

2 6miO ]->7 ,6(;? [ 2 H>F? ]:Y?@

u(I?1J HK( 2 7;?

Denham, 2006

P

1J +=;>i

M7O S4Y- uY¬Q :(I?

, ; u(7 uKi

% \1:?RJ UM .jqQ :;:>

P \,K /O

; A( u¬'* [ x@ CD .b?i :(I?1J 6s7 ,;? :(I?1J n4 2 * U,bs <7 ]40 17 2 B47 hi (± g¬

L>b 6R7 +(@

\

(Peth-Pierce, 2000)

P

T 6? ¶ x* ]O =I ;7 0 ;:(I?1J +=;>7 :;< +=;> \,K/

u? u(I?1J 6(;? -1 :± s <@' J7 ,N;-J 7O ;< A( Y*Q SIa4 N} N

>7 :;< +=;> K;/ NR =I T +=;

:(I?1J

:O B ¤( Wi ,

(Ashiabi, 2007)

+=;>

q :(I?1J :

,:i -} T `/ A( +,W

h:M 2 B 0 X:WF? ;:U@7 ,:-17 :(I?1J +=;> CD +,_ H? Wi l[7 ,u(I?1 S'*1 N;<0 6Q :;:U O A( SmO / *1 CD

F1- \4L( /4D7 ,,'>7 H4O P

+,4 u 7

u(I?1J 6(;? 2 -J A( N;<0 ,

X:W7

]40 T N'W ,

\4c A( wiF7

(Rubin,

Bukowski, & Parker, 2006)

P

(25)

+=;> :(I?1J +=;> g'QQ / S'7 (;? ]0 ld7 ;:;<

/ +( :(I?1J \L

\J;-J7 n< A( Y*Q P

+,4 ]O IU

HKR- 9s F?Q S:;<( =;UO ->: N;<0 H4O / F1- :(I?1 \4L( /4

P ]i ¥? 7

?Q :;< +=;> YQ :;< i Y

,

H:w*?7 u;<

,

/ e_ 6(;?7

%

,

\L>b 6R A( +,W7

(Graue, 2006; Keating,

2007; Snow, 2006)

P

]7¸7 )/4 47

(Denham et al.,

@M %s %/ 2003

:;< +=;> %( H°M,

9 :;< +=;> T 4L F; :(I?1J

;> T 7 M, 6'4 / s( 2 N;<0 %/ *:(

+=

:;< +=;> w/ =cW?M7 ,HG :(I?1J °,4 E:R %/ +>'/ s( R/ 2 @?>Q u?

s R y;- 2 :(I?1J +=;> £'*? A(

WRJ s( R/ 27 P

w/ jLj ]oR' R7

:;< +=;>

: :;< i ,

%( .'?7

<

n , n< +,D7 S oUO +,c 7 P

ds- =* NL %/ M, y:a B¨ ]oR' ND X< %( :(I?1J +=;> £'*? uacRD N;< :;< +=;> w/

, h7; A( B?7

/KMD 9/7 s 9?@7 ^-_7 ,U[ T I?1J H°=;U 2

:(

P 17 M, `a?- \KfO7

R u;< =U[ T ª:acRD : eD \<'Q, T H ,I(O 7Q %[ M, 6'4 /

−3

,\*M 4

/ ,I( M, 6'4 / R :(I?1J +=;> T 7 T

−5

\*M 6

P \<'Q, `a?* \KfO IU

ª:acRD %[ M, 6'4 / R u;< =U[ T

T H ,I(O 7Q

−3

+=;> T 7 \*M 4

s y;- 2 :(I?1J P

17 l[U `a?* )*: 7

s +=;> T ª:acRD : eD \<'Q, T?Z; %/ 6U 2 N;<0 9 :(I?1J +=;>7

−3

7 4

−5

\*M 6 (Emmerling & Goleman,

2003; Cherniss, 2000; Denham et al., 2003)

P

]7¸7 B ©Q7

et al., 2003 (Denham

q :;< +=;> ,

: b HKi A( +,W

K*( .'?7 % n<(7 ;<

, A( +,W7

ª:(I?1 'W/ WY n< H:w*Q P

7 );7 4

jLj %/ ]>?Q q :;< +=;> :aI* \M, O : H:w*?7 ,u;< HK;7 ,u;< .'?

u;<

2 S,7 0 [ %/ R7 6U7 ,

E:R ,% / 6(;? A( N;<0 \,4 i ,:;< +=;> SMMO u;< .'?

+@

,:;< +=;> eD .'Q 4c :s*Q7 +,W M, 6'4 / R/ 2 N;<0 (Y?M 7

(26)

.'? .:¬Q A( ]7,4 HO IU ,u;< .'? A(

K:i ]71? u? Z:' SWi7 u;<

(Denham,

2007; Denham, 2006; Ashiabi, 2000)

P km?Q7

h7;

dD ,M, 6'4 / R/ 2 l[U T@*} T T h7i 17 :aI* ^F 07 \M, )*¤:

:;< +=;> O 2 T@*}

P M, )ci

@U7 ]~7 NU7 %

(Chaplin, Cole, & Zahn-

Waxler, 2005)

%( ]| ,¬c \:?; ]O CD

%/ oUO : e_ % (b/

%? /*( ,U[

A( +,4 oUO % l[U7 ,' :(I?1 n4 XW7 ]¦ 6o/ :'@ (b %( .'?

P

%sm??i u;< HK; 7O :;< i /O :(I?1J n4 2 n< HKi ,

]> ]O Y?Q7

n<7 \J;-J :s@Q A( S,4 6;Y 7?7 hY % \J;- / 6(;?7 z

:MM0 i ]O CD :aI* ^F 0 .bQ7 ,'W/

¥? 7 ,M, 6'4 / R/ NL qb*Q n<

h7; i sK/ +i M, 6'4 / R/ Q N;<0 T ;

(Denham, 2007; Denham,

Bassett, & Wyatt, 2007)

P

HK; A( S¹£/ |? n< ¬ ?M ]D b4*/7 (b %( uw; .'? ]0 ;u;<

k:Q uWQ7 HW? N;< ks@Q n<

b4*/7 :s@Q A( %,W N;<0 ]D7 ,n<

]7Kw E:R ,]40 (± %/ SJ'4 oUO H n<

e_ u(I?1J x@

(Garner & Estep, 2001)

P

^-_ h;Q CD \M, %/ .bQ7 ,U[ y>( K?:s@Q7 n< HKi 2 ,U[ A(

n< HKi 2 \ ]K1 %[

, ¥? 7

+=;> A( ,7 j£ [ u'@ x@ ]7Kw HG :(I?1J

(Dunsmore, Noguchi, Gamer,

Casey, & Bhullar, 2008; Leppanen & Hietanen,

P

2001; Denham, Bassett & Wyatt, 2010)

P

+=;> ]U,O H O %/ :i u;< H:w*? /O n< g' A( +,W %sm? Ki ,:;<

u(I?1J 6(;? NL %/ x@ A( +Y:@7

(Denham, 2006)

u;< H:w*? ,c/ ]D N;<

J u? :'@ \J;-J £Q E:R ,+7

6>b x@ CD 6;Y KsF?

, n:* .'?7

Hw?* . .>;? CD7 K*(

(Garside & Klimes-

Dougan, 2002)

P ToR' %/ H? 47 [

,u;< H:w*? 2 T@*} T h7; is 6Q E:R ]7¸7 s@-7

(Dunsmore et al.,

2008)

;^-_ kc T@*} T h7i 17 CD H:w*? 'Q, CD ld 2 '@ ]oR' 1,O7

e_ u;< H:w*? \::QM u;<

, [ 7

(27)

, SI:w*Q oUO ]> ]O CD %s ³L \:?; *( - ]'W? %[ ,U[ y>

Hw* . x@

,

HG u;< H:w*? jq? ¥? 7 P

/ :pO oR' 9Q ;¤WQ / A( =* 7 ,M, 6'4 / N;<0 :;<7 :(I?1J +=;>

:aI* \M, %/ I? , -O H,7 :'*10

− oR' LY?M NL %/

− %/ { -O JD

%si :(7 ,: \M,7 ^F' 2 ,c4 ;Y H:Q7 mW ]c? no> ]O ,7º 2 ,W *7 s* y;- H ]s?K7 +>' :pq u( E' H K1 us:?7 N %/ =? N;< :(I?1J :;< +=;> :s*Q ;Y \*M u? +*W7 XY 0 ;+>'

R-D A( (@Q7 v, ?MJ »:K?M P

56 /7 :

:(I?1J7 :;< +=;> Q ª:R S/O

M, 6'4 / N;<qi ,:aI* \J :± 2 ªIK/7 oUO H :;-J H°| H:w*Q ]:Y?@ %[

4L( 2 SR- usU0 H ?M7 :(I?1J H°

P

6 7i {0 7

(Frobel

); %/ N7O

%/o ]W 7O 2 N;<0 , :pO CD ,w-0 />?/ w- 7 E:R ,3(

: Q ½'/ %(

T / ,I( N;<0

−3

\*M 6 (TACSEI ,

2003)

P : %/ :(I?1J :;< +=;> Q7 EF'7 M, %/ KWR [qQ u? +} sK ¤T ]O ,: ^F 07 \M, 2 +=;> 'Q, N [ 2 ]oR' +=;> :;<

N;<0 - A( ld jO7 :(I?1J usU0

(Denham, Bassett, & Wyatt, 2010;

Langeveld, Gundersen, & Svartdal 2012;

Barbarin, Iruka, Harradine, Winn, McKinney &

Taylor, 2013; Smith, 2001; Peth-Pierce 2000;

&

Elias

; 2009 , . al et Maria

; 2007 , . Zins et al

Haynes, 2008)

P

\I/ / KQ =*jO ld oR' )@ 47 N;<0 , ¾s X:'Y? =*jO ;?§ V,/ 2

N;<0 ¶ ]D E:R ,:M, \,W ¶' / 6?7 u;< HK; 2 \ ]K1

%

, %/ =1D u(?@ [ /0

K?4L(7 :;< +=;> A( =m =W_ \M,

:(I?1J +=;>

P :pO oR' 9Q ,XY* [ %/7

Z:° 2 ,77 :(I?1J7 :;< +=;> M, , ]U [7 ,:a? J R 2 M, N;<0 / 2 ;Y ^F O U/ %/ ( I?

%

:-Y|7 :M07 :>/0 \/}

P

(28)

56 89"

: CD ¥¦ EF' BG :

P1

9 :;< +=;> 9?@/ A( B?

M, 6'4 / R/ 2 ^-_7 ,U[ N;<0 P

P2

9 :(I?1J +=;> 9?@/ A( B?

6'4 / R/ 2 ^-_7 ,U[ N;<0 M,

P

P3

:;< +=;> T 4L A( B?

6'4 / R/ 2 N;<0 9 :(I?1J +=;>7 M, P P4

9?@/ 2 ^-_7 ,U[ T h7; i/

:(I?1J +=;> 9?@/7 :;< +=;>

P

56 : :

7 K(/ %/ w* EF' :pO '*Q +=;>

9 :(I?1J +=;> K?4L(7 :;<

+=;> V:4 E:R ,M, 6'4 / N;<O :;<

uaI* N 2 S1 :(I?1J− P

)*: 47

SW?/ ]U oF HQ / oUO ]O \M, %/

gWi :(I?1J +=;>

(Zins, BloodWorth,

Weissberg, & Walberg, 2007; Graue, 2006;

Keating, 2007; Snow, 2006; Thompson &

Meyer, 2007)

P `/ ¥¦ )4 2 1 1Q 1 %>7

:;< +=;> / :(I?1J +=;>

, SLU ]D E:R

:;< +=;> V:4 7 , 6s> IK*/

^F O U/ %/ I? / :(I?1J Y J No 6:'M Ai ,;? N7 2 ; ,;@UO /} ? ^F 0 U/ 4 «¦

:(I?1J :;-J +=;> V:W/ H:sc? :-Y|

1/

:;-J \J ª SM:W/ 58

YM?7 +>' ;Y R/ 2 :(I?1J7 P

27

/O /1 2 uW:'Y? uaI* y;* H( H@4 4 >

H@W ? :oF' U NL %/ ]M/ ,1 :(I?1J :;< +=;> ,Y H:scQ 6s ¥¦ )4 2 ²,1 6s7 ,M, 6'4 / N;<0 ]M/ ,1 /1 2 :aI* \M, 6s/ 2 `/-| KF?

6'4 / N;<0 M*/ MR

M,

(Denham et al., 2012)

P

6c?/ F- A(7 ,

:W:'Y? :p0 km?Q

2 +1 y:W %/ +;?MJ :->/ EF' :;< +=;> V:W/ E:R ,M,

− R A(

oR' H(

6/£ %/ l[U ,ª: ( (- %/ N70 −

]O SL'W?@/

:;< +=;> ®v:W/ 6 H?

MR `/- CD :(I?1J7 P

56 ;&

: [ uF@ u; `K* oR' )/?M

P

(29)

56 <=>

: T@ N;<0 :± %/ EF' s? ] ¤>Q

*/ 2 N;<0 , 2

P

56 8&?@

: SL;< 150

Sj-D7 S,Ud / H ,I(O 7Q

T

−4

H ,:? HQ N;<0 , R \*M 6

2 X:'Y? HQ7 ,:ab( WY

: O \7, 5

7 ac K:i b?Q :/>R \7, 5

:is ,

\I/ A( y:W ~Q HQ E:R

, %( 6;Y s i/ 6WQ J E:F N;<0

6s( ,7 6s( ld X'M 47 ,µ-O FU KO 6

,N;<0 A( W:'YQ W<7 V:W/ 6U 3 %¨

n4/ 2 6;Y wRL ; ss q:K?Q E:F +?/

= 2 +Wi 6U 2 6;Y +=;U ,WQ E:F , uYs* 7O ? aO P

HQ ,\70 X:'YQ \=1D %/ =K?-J '?M

k'c: ,¨I?U ;+,I?M 51

*: uaK*

SL;< 99

SL;< 49 7

;< 50

P

56 4A :

BB BB BB BBCD•

u?7 ,

:Q y:W %/ ]>?Q :

-1 F G' :

9 :;< +=;> V:4 CD V:W BG \Y oR' )'Q 47 ,M, 6'4 / N;<O

V:W (_ :?

:

−1

y:W %/ ( A( L<J

,´;*7 z0 CD 17 :;< +=;>

6o/

:

(Levine, Elzey, & Lewis, 2005; Krishnan, 2011; Lutz, Fantuzzo & McDermott, 2002; Izard et al., 2008; Saarni, 1999; Mirabile, 2008; Miller et al., 2006; Elias & Haynes, 2008; Peth-Pierce, 2000; Denham et al., 2003; Horton & Bowman, 2002)

P

−2

V:W O

−3

ZM0 :

− 4

? :

\I:

−5

?MJ -

−6

Ts>F A(

P %/ V:W ]¿>Q7

(b %( SJ£M 32

~Q HQ 47 ,N;<0 s u? \J;-J7 %/ ,?/ 1D H¤M A( \ ?MJ

−1

\1, 5

F- A( vI \>: ,Q @F 6U 2 SIa :

H4 ):Y(O7 \470

5

\470 %/ .o> ,

H4 ):Y(O7

4

):Y(O7 \470 ¶ ,

H4 3

H4 ):Y(O7 ª1 6:4 ,

2

S O ^À J ,

H4 ):Y(O7

P1

jLj uY¬? ZM0 \=1 47

@:a, O :

N70 '

u;< HK;

o7

%/ ZM0

−1

4

{o ' ,

u;< .'?

%/ ]>? [7

(b/ 4

: ZM0 o7 +@

%/

−5

9

%/ ZM0 o7 ]¦ ,

−10

12

m¬ ,

(30)

%/ ZM0 o7

−13

15

%/ ZM0 o7 B ,

−16

P18

Eo ' /O

u;< H:w*?

[7

%/ ]>?

(b/ 4

: ZM0 o7 |c

−19

20

,

m¬

%/ ZM0 o7

−21

25

o7 B ,

%/ ZM0

−26

28

%/ ZM0 o7 +@ ,

−29

P32

( NL %/ 9?F h z@R HQ IU "c?J7 +| 7d %/ Ts> 'M A( V:W HK'Q, )(~Q 47 ,uaI*7 y;* H( 2

?MO7 (@/ d?MO T :s ,d?MO7 x,b/ d

T )R7Q :sUO \|

\*M 10 7

,*M 21

F7 V:W 4 NR HKa,¸ = D HK*/ < E:R E:R %/ ?

: us?*Q [ Ns +W; =I?- 1,

¬ :c7 \W;7 ZM0 77 , :D 7O iD7 , 10 )7 / V:W K?'M*/ 9/7

6Q %/ ( 9 O 47 ,'M*/ -7 / B[R7 n:;< 6? X?Q u? \wRL ¶ Ts>F h \JJ A( +0 )cR 47 ,\W; ¶' h;Q )o uWY*/

%80

h A( Ts>F %/

/ N;<0 :;< +=;> 9?@/ V:4 2 \W;

M, 6'4 P

70 \'j z@R HQ7 ¾ K4@Q7 \

¥? F* A(

:

H : G' :

−1

JK L1M :

V:W ]M. 'Q, \L// z@R HQ•

:s?* '7 :;< +=;> V:W/ * T 4L :D P

) +

-N1 G' A#& O M 4 P* =& / /

+ D &

: Q

= -N24

S

O M S

O M

0.9067 1

**

0.8680 3

** u;< HK;

0.8763 2

**

0.6986 4

**

0.6013 5

**

0.5931 12

**

6 0.2634

0.7403 13

**

0.5261 7

**

0.8415 14

**

0.8015 8

**

0.8298 15

**

0.7729 9

**

0.6521 16

**

0.6784 10

**

17 0.3650

u;< .'?

0.7330 11

**

0.6058 18

**

(31)

<M ) +

-N1

S

O M S

O M

0.8133 19

**

0.5409 26

**

0.8245 20

**

0.6909 27

**

0.8674 21

**

0.6819 28

**

22 0.1709

0.8640 29

**

0.6487 23

**

0.8310 30

**

0.6736 24

**

0.8932 31

**

u;< H:w*?

0.8798 25

**

32 0.1170

**

#1 & A 0.01

:> 1,7 :;< +=;> V:W/ * T 4L V:W ]M. 'Q, \L// z@R HQ7•

V:Ws P

) +

-N2 G' A#& O M 4 G'=/ /

+ D &

: Q

= -N24

S O M

0.9001 1

**

0.6374 9

**

0.4435 17

* 0.8496 25

**

0.7913 2

**

0.5325 10

**

0.6023 18

**

0.4497 26

*

0.6725 3

**

0.5529 11

**

0.8009 19

**

0.5421 27

**

0.5245 4

**

0.6151 12

**

0.8368 20

**

0.6768 28

**

0.6057 5

**

0.8283 13

**

0.8616 21

**

0.7706 29

**

6 0.2388

0.7702 14

**

22 0.0268

0.8012 30

**

0.4352 7

* 0.7322 15

**

0.5133 23

* 0.8739 31

**

0.7609 8

**

0.5206 16

**

0.7790 24

**

32 0.1558

* A #1 &

0.05 **

#1 & A 0.01

V:W ]M. 'Q, \L// z@R HQ7•

1,7 :;< +=;> V:W/ O T 4L V:Ws :>

P

) +

-N3 B B B G' A O M 4

G'=/ / +

D &

: Q

= -N24

O M

u;< HK;

0.8652

**

u;< .'?

0.9266

**

u;< H:w*?

0.9321

**

#1 & A 0.01

(32)

−2

G' 4 U :

;O 6// s:4 z@F V:W \'j WQ HQ A( V:W X:'YQ Ã'-7U

s:4 Ä'i ,L;< 24

\'o V:Ws ¾>

CD .bQ :( s:4 u 7 0.94

V:W \'j P

-2 F G' :

,T;: 6:as %/ 6U +0 [ ( 4

9,/7 9D ]Ii

(Levine, Elzey & Lewis

2005)

V:W/ HM )

Å :(I?1J +=;> :-,;:U

N;<0 M, 6'4 /

Æ

“Preschool Social

Competency Scale California CPSCS) ”

P

x@ +=;U V:4 CD V:W [ BG7 1, 7 ,M, 6'4 / N;<0 Çb*:' 7O +¹'/ . +,c 7 ,:(I?1J :7£@ H ,

LW?MJ K;/ V:4 CD V:W [ BG :*s

: P

µM/ h7,i %Qi )/47

T*W? 2005

M, 6'4 / 6;< s- A( B? ld7 ;V:W 2 s* I? J / *1 CD S'*1 ld7 ,,YQ7

s y;- N;<0 ¬7 P

%/ V:W ]>?7

2 1¦ :U@ I-0 %/ *:( 6o +Wi TjLj uY¬Q7 ,M, 6'4 / 6;Y :(I?1J ;:f 7 9/ \W;

6o/ ,:U@ I-0 %/ SM

. =: ?MJ7 ,:*:Q7 sw- ?MJ ,U,b7 ,\.@;Q HWQ7 ,\I:? 'Q7 ,iq

=Y(D7 ,Yb-0 +O'7 ,% +(@/7 N'47 ,'RÈ ?MJ7 ,Yb- \K:1Q :(I?1J :W P

:QQ HQ7 =* +Wi 6U 2 \,'

6;Y :(I?1J +=;> 9?@/ A(

, [ ):Y(O7

%/ 4,0 \?@

CD 1

4

9?@ 6os E:F ,

+=;> %/ 1, 64O 1

, 9?@ 6os7

|UO 4

]O µ*s :sUQ \?@ |?Q7 ,+=;> %/ 1, 9?@ A( 6cÀ [ 6;Y

2 4

; +Wi O

,+W; 2 W @ \?@ 6U =O A( S,4 ]> ]O +Wi 6U 2 R7 9?@/ ,:? e ld A(7 P

6o7

+=;> 2 ?1, V:W 2 6;Y :> 1, Q E:F ,:(I?1J

7 1, 64O 1, 30

120

6;Y K:( 6cÀ 1, |UO P

HQ 47 hY V:W \'j7 h %/ XWF?

+?/

P %/ XWF? oR' )/4 ¥¦ EF' 27 :(LY?M *:( A( W:'YQ V:W \'j7 h

%/ ->/

M, 6'4 / R/ %/ SL;< 24

P

HVU : G' :

−1

JK L1M :

M. 'Q, \L// z@R HQ V:W ]

1,7 :(I?1J +=;> V:W/ * T 4L V:Ws :>

P