The Faculty of Economics and Administration Public Administration department
English Reading in Public Administration
PAD 401
Planning Lecture
At the end of this lecture you should:
- Understanding the meaning of planning.
- The types of plans
- Contingency factors in planning - Myths about planning
- Objectives: the foundation of planning - Strategic planning
- Tools for planning
- Management by objectives
2/9/2013
Manal Ahmed 2
2/9/2013
Manal Ahmed 3
What is Planning?
Planning is the management of the organization’s future in an uncertain environment.
Find the definition of selected word.
2/9/2013
Manal Ahmed 4
What are the types of plans?
Strategic
- To make the direction of the organization and establish objectives.
- Understand its current position.
Operational
- Specify details to help achieve an objective.
Find a relation between management levels and plans types
2/9/2013
Manal Ahmed 5
Myths about planning
• Inaccurate plan is a waste of management’s time !
• Planning can eliminate change !
• Planning reduces flexibility ! Discussing
2/9/2013
Manal Ahmed 6
Objectives: the foundation of planning
Vision • The overall aspiration of the business
Mission
•The overall purpose of the business
goals
•What business intend to achieve
2/9/2013
Manal Ahmed 7
Objectives
•More detailed statement of the goals
Policies •Principle of action>
procedures
•Sequence of official activities.
2/9/2013
Manal Ahmed 8
Objective should be:
• Specific
• Attainable
• Challenging
Is the objective ambitious enough to be challenging?
2/9/2013
Manal Ahmed 9
Strategic planning
Environmental assessment
Setting and elaboration
Development of operational
plans and budget
Implementation Evaluation and
Feedback Identify mission/ goals/
values
2/9/2013
Manal Ahmed 10
Tools for planning
1. Environmental scanning and forecasting 2. SWOT analysis.
3. Benchmarking.
4. Operation research.
5. Standards and guidelines
2/9/2013
Manal Ahmed 11
Management by Objectives (MBO)
Management by objectives (MBO) is a process of defining objectives within an organization so that management and employees agree to the objectives and understand what they need to do in the organization in order to achieve them.
2/9/2013
Manal Ahmed 12
week one duties
• Vocabulary revision
• Write a paragraph about management (roles, factors, functions etc.)
• Explain one of MBO principles
2/9/2013
Manal Ahmed 13
