Spreading awareness about various aspects of ZakâhZakâh is one of the most remarkable activities undertaken by the Zakat, Revenue and Customs Administration, the most remarkable activities undertaken by the Zakat, Revenue and Customs Administration (ZATCA) whose employees and officials have realized its importance and (ZATCA), whose employees and officials realized its importance and place in shaping the direction of the body's operations. Chairman of the Sharia Committee of ZATCA Chairman of the Sharia Committee of ZATCA.
Deputy Governor of Research and Zakat Advisory, Deputy Governor of Research and Zakat Advisory,
2-3] Fulfilling the obligation by paying ZakâhZakâh to the State Penalty for withholding. 3-2-4] Estimate in ZakâhZakâh accounting rule accounting rule Applied Example of the Authority's method of calculation.
Introduction Introduction
In the same year, Ministerial Resolution No. 394), dated 7/8/1370 AH, which included the establishment of the Zakat and Revenue Authority, issued. establishment of the Zakat and Revenue Authority, was issued. See: Article (1) of the Implementing Regulation for Zakat Collection issued under the See: Article (1) of the Implementing Regulation for Zakat Collection issued under the Ministerial Resolution No. 3)(3) ZakâhZakâh Declaration: Declaration: AA form issued by ZATCA, which contains a number of elementsform issued by ZATCA, which contains a number of elements and items, must be filled in and submitted by each. and items, must be filled in and submitted by every ZakâhZakâh payer.
1-1] Definition of
Linguistic meaning of
Take (O Muhammad), from their wealth an ammed), from their wealth a SSadaqa (i.e. Zakat) with adaqah (i.e. Zakat) with which you purify them and increase them, and supplicate [Allah that cleans and causes them. they are increased and pray [Allah's blessings] upon them. He who gives with a willing heart is praised, and its payment brings He who gives with a willing heart, he is praised, and its payment brings benefits to people and the country, as well as prosperity in this world. the benefits of the people and the country, as well as prosperity in this world and the next.
Terminological meaning of
In fact, SSadaqât (i.e. Zakâh) is only (to be given) to the poor, and adaqât (i.e. Zakâh) is only (to be given) to the poor and the needy and to those who engaged in collecting it, and to those if the needy and to those who engaged in collecting it, and to those whose hearts have (recently) been reconciled (to Islam), and to (free) those whose hearts are ( recently) reconciled (with Islam), and with (free) those in slavery and to those in debt (the indebted), and for the sake of slavery, and to those in debt (the indebted), and for the cause of Allah and for the wayfarer. ZakâhZakâh is transferring ownership of (an amount of) wealth (specified by is transferring ownership of (an amount of) wealth (specified by the legislator) to a poor Muslim who is not a Hashimite or his emancipator, the legislator) to a poor Muslim, there is no Hashimite or his emancipator, without any material benefit returning to the transferor/giver in any way, for without material benefit returning to the transferor/giver in any way, for the sake of Allah, the Most Exalted.”.
1-2] Shari’ah Purposes and [1-2] Shari’ah Purposes and
1-2-1] Purification of both wealth and
1-2-1] Purification of both wealth and Zakâh Zakâh payer: payer
SSadaqah (i.e. giving in charity) extinguishes (i.e. removes) sin as water adaqah (i.e. giving in charity) extinguishes (i.e. removes) sin as water extinguishes fire.”
1-2-2] Promoting
1-2-2] Promoting Muwâsâh Muwâsâh and solidarity among people: and solidarity among people
1-2-3] Growth of the payer’s wealth
One of them says: 'O Allah, give more to him who spends (for the sake of Allah),' and the other (Angel) says: 'O Allah, spend (for the sake of Allah),' and the other (Angel) says: 'O Allah, bring destruction to the one who does not want to spend (for the sake of Allah).'” SSadaqah (i.e. giving charity) does not reduce wealth.” Adaqah (i.e. giving charity) does not reduce wealth.”(2)(2).
1-2-4] Economic growth
1-2-5] Exploiting economic resources
1-3] Essence of Zakatable Wealth[1-3] Essence of Zakatable Wealth
Preface
1-3-1] Apparent and non-apparent wealth according to ear- [1-3-1] Apparent and non-apparent wealth according to ear- [1-3-1] Apparent and non-apparent wealth according to ear- .
This economic development has been accompanied by a change in This economic development has been accompanied by a change in the concept of apparent and non-apparent wealth. However, non-apparent wealth includes gold and silver as well as goods stored for trade.
1-4] Conditions for
1-4] Conditions for Zakâh Zakâh Obligation Obligation
1-4-1] Islam
1-4-2] Absolute ownership
Third: The ability to increase wealth, or otherwise The ability to increase wealth, or otherwise ZakatZakât is not not to be obligatory. Collection of Zakat; and see: Paragraph no. 3) of (Article 8) of the Implementing Regulation for Zakat Collection.
1-4-3]: Reaching the
An example of this is when one of the shareholders in a joint-stock company of shareholders in a joint-stock company owns wealth that is lower than. owns wealth which is below NiNissâbâb, or when his responsibility is burdened with , or when his responsibility is burdened with debts that will consume the whole. debts that will consume the entire NiNissâbâb of his wealth to be repaid. When his wealth is repaid. collecting ZakâhZakâh, is the property of the company , the property of the company is treated as the property of one person, it is treated as the property of one person, and there is no need to check whether it is so. and there is no need to check whether such condition applies to individual condition applies to individual owners.
1-4-4]: Elapse of a full lunar year (
Impact of collecting ZakâhZakâh on the condition of the passage of a full lunar year. This represents an easy approach to applying the condition. This represents an easy approach with regard to applying the condition of the expiration of a full lunar year.
Role of the State in Collecting
2-1] Authority to Collect
- Protecting the ritual of Protecting the ritual of Zakâh Zakâh
- Helping people to pay Helping people to pay Zakâh Zakâh
- Glorifying the ritual of Glorifying the ritual of Zakâh Zakâh
- Achieving justice among Achieving justice among Zakâh Zakâh payers: payers
One of the purposes of Shari'ah to assign the collection of ZakâhZakâh to the ruler is to help people pay. One of the purposes of Shari'ah to assign the collection of ZakâhZakâh to the ruler is to achieve justice among.
2-2] The Obligation to Pay
2-3] Fulfilment of the Obligation [2-3] Fulfilment of the Obligation
2-4] Punishment for Withholding
2.4.1] The afterlife punishment for withholding
2.4.2] The worldly punishment for withholding
The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) also imposed the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) imposed a punishment on those who failed to pay. The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) decided to impose the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) decided to impose punishment (fine) on the person who detained.
3-1] Methods of Calculating
Direct method,
Indirect method,
3-1-1] Direct method of calculating
3-1-1] Direct method of calculating Zakâh Zakâh (1) (1)
External resources used External resources used in depreciable assets (5) in depreciable assets (5) External resources used External resources used in non-depreciable assets (13) in non-depreciable assets ( 13). This can be done, for example, by reducing the value of current assets, or by inflating current liabilities.
3-1-2] Indirect method of calculating
3-1-2] Indirect method of calculating Zakâh Zakâh (1) (1)
This is because the elements of the allowance are represented in the institution's finances approved by authorized persons, which makes them difficult to circumvent.
3-2] Basic Rules for the Authority’s [3-2] Basic Rules for the Authority’s
3-2-1] Annual basis rule
3-2-2] Access to zakatable assets rule
This rule helps to form the ZakâhZakâh base precisely as it is not intended base precisely as it is not intended to directly expose current assets to. That is, not all items added to the ZakâhZakâh base are subject to base are subject to ZakâhZakâh but , but they are added to match the deductions of non-zakatable assets, so they are added to match the deductions of non-zakatable assets, to avoid deduction of assets whose sources of wealth are not added, to avoid deduction of assets whose sources of wealth are not added, for the purpose of reaching the zakatable assets.
3.2.3] Independence of
3.2.3] Independence of Zakâh Zakâh years rule: years rule
3-2-4] Estimation in
3-2-4] Estimation in Zakâh Zakâh accounting rule: accounting rule
3-3] Applied Example of the Authority’s [3-3] Applied Example of the Authority’s
First: Wealth Sources First: Wealth Sources
That is, from an accounting concept of debt adopted by the scholar of Fiqh. But from the Shariah perspective, it is considered as the capital of the economic entity provided by the Shariah perspective, it is considered as the capital of the economic entity provided by the owners.
Second: Wealth UsesSecond: Wealth Uses
Items added to the base,
Through the statement of financial position mentioned above, these items in the statement of financial position mentioned above, these items are classified, based on addition or not, or subtracted or not, in the classification, based on addition or not. either discounting or not, in the following:. Liability amount items that are not added to the base items are not added to the base.
Bases for
Bases for Zakâh Zakâh Calculation Method Calculation Method
4.1] Adopting Accounting Data in Calculating
That is, such a statement is equivalent to a disclosure of the entity's assets and shares at the end of the fiscal year. What matters for the institutions in ZakâhZakâh calculation is the financial calculation is the financial data included in the balance sheet of the institution (the budget), which data is included in the balance sheet of the institution (the budget), which assets , liabilities, and their related awards.”.
Shari’ah bases for the adoption of accounting data in calcu-Shari’ah bases for the adoption of accounting data in calcu-
4-2] Considering All Activities Subject to [4-2] Considering All Activities Subject to
However, ZakâhZakâh is due on the is due on the income and profits arising from these activities, as well as the income from income and profits arising from these activities, as well as the income from lease and self-employment. That is to say, the ZakâhZakâh due on these activities must be calculated in accordance due on these activities must be calculated in accordance with their assets, in accordance with the Shari'ah ruling which states that payment with their assets, in accordance with the Shari'ah- ruling stating that the payment of ZakâhZakâh is obligatory on goods in stock for trade and its profits, as well as is obligatory on goods that are stock for trade and its profits, as well as the income from lease and self-employment, but it is not payable for properties. the income from lease and self-employment, but it is not payable for properties acquired for.
Shari’ah bases for considering all activities subject to
In the case of service activities, they should trade in the enjoyment of these goods, since their activities are service-oriented. Both commercial and service activities are aimed at making profit and Both commercial and service activities are aimed at making profit and benefit and thereby.
4-3] Calculating the Amount [4-3] Calculating the Amount
Number of days in the Hijri year Number of days in the payer's fiscal yearNumber of days in the payer's fiscal year An entity subject. Yet it leads to overlooking such a basis for giving up the ZakâhZakâh due on these extra days every year.
Shari’ah basis for calculating the amount of
The reality of accounting on a daily basis is represented in that The reality of accounting on a daily basis is represented in the fact that the payer's.
Shari’ah basis for calculating the amount of Zakâh Zakâh on a dai- on a dai- ly basis
Apparently the fairest approach is to balance between the right of the Apparently the fairest approach is to balance between the right of the. One of the manifestations of this facilitation is related to the condition of the passage of a full lunar year.
4-4] Impact of Debts on
4-4] Impact of Debts on Zakâh Zakâh Base Base
This is the opinion accepted by the Malikites, (1) (1) and a narration of and a narration of the Hanblites. Also(5)(5) the recommendations of the 2 recommendations of the second symposium on the symposium on "Contemporary Issues of Contemporary Zakat".
Shari’ah basis for matching debts with non-zakatable assets
All debts that finance a commercial enterprise are deducted from the zakatable assets, if the debtor has no property (fixed assets), the zakatable assets, if the debtor has no property (fixed assets) for which he acquired. In such a case there is a NiNissâbâb who is a surplus for his basic needs and a payment which is a surplus for his basic needs and the payment of his debts, and so he has to pay.
4-5] Setting Minimum Limit for
4-5] Setting Minimum Limit for Zakâh Zakâh Base Base
Cases of considering the minimum limit for
Cases of considering the minimum limit for Zakâh Zakâh base: base
Distributions of local profits for the ZakâhZakâh year received from the companies invested in may be excluded, provided that year received from the companies invested in may be excluded provided such profits are also made public.
Shari’ah basis for setting minimum limit for
Shari’ah basis for setting minimum limit for Zakâh Zakâh base: base
The Zakâh base is related to the ruler's competence to perform the task as base is related to the ruler's competence to perform the task of collection and just as Shari'ah policy responds to questions of transactions, collection and just as Shari'ah policy responds to questions of transactions, it also responds to matters of worship, especially when matters related to worship also responds to matters related to worship, especially when matters related to worship are delegated to the ruler. This is a form of Shari'ah policy which must be applied here because the collection of This is a form of Shari'ah policy which must be applied here because the collection of.
4-6] Assumptions of
4-6] Assumptions of Zakâh Zakâh Accounting Accounting
For example, when the entity goes bankrupt, non-current assets are reserved in the first place. This is because the amount of debt in these liabilities is high, which requires the term to be longer, and thus repayment must be made.
Shari’ah basis for assumptions of
On the contrary, with short-term liabilities, credit does not need to be documented by a mortgage, since the ability of the financed entity to be documented by a mortgage, since the financed entity's ability to repay can be accurately measured, and Such obligations flow thus often arise from repayments that can be accurately valued, and thus such liabilities often arise from current assets. Fourth: An indication that affordability should be linked to financing. An indication that affordability should be related to the source of financing is that financing institutions do not provide credit facilities to the source. That financing institutions do not provide credit facilities to commercial entities, except where the debts are secured by fixed commercial entities, except where the debts are secured by fixed assets. Therefore, if the entity wants to acquire a fixed asset, it must have assets. Therefore, if the entity wants to acquire a non-current asset - current assets, it will finance it with long-term debt to cover financing when the default risk arises.
Shari’ah basis for assumptions of Zakâh Zakâh accounting: accounting
The decision (assessment) of such a person should be made based on and because of his experience. The assessment made by an expert owner must be taken into consideration and will be approved by the collector i.
Bibliography and References Bibliography and References
15- "الاستذكار" "الاستذكار" لأبي عمر يوسف بن عبد الله بن معو، لأبي عمر يوسف بن عبد الله بن محمد بن عبد أحمد بن عبد الرحمن. 132- "نهاية نهاية المحتاج إلى شتراج إلى شرح المنهاج" المنهاج"، دور شمس الدين مو، دور شمس الدين محمد بن محمد بن أبي العباس أ.
Transliteration System Transliteration System
