KIMHYDUfC*
TV 7am 2008 la nam Trung Qudc tidn 1 1 hanh cai each md cira dugc trdn 30 nam. Trong 30 nam dd, nhtrng thanh tyu to Idn ciia Trung Qudc trong tang cudng sire manh dat nudc, cai thien dan sinh da gan bd chat che vdi mdi trudng ben ngoai ed chuyen bien Idt. Trong dd hgp tac kinh te gitra Chinh phii Trung Qudc va Nhat Ban lay vien trg phat trien (ODA) ciia Chinh phii Nhat Ban lam Irung tam da la mdt Irong nhung ddng luc thiic day Trung Qudc phat trien tdc do nhanh.
L Nam 1978-2008: su lien he noi tai ciia 30 nam
Nam 2008 la trdn 30 nam Trung Qude cai each md cira, cung la trdn 30 nam ky ket
"Hiep ude hda binh htru hao Trung Nhat", ddng thdi cung la trdn 30 nam Dang Tieu Binh tham Nhat.
Dieu 8 trong "Tuyen bd chung Trung Nhat" ngay 29 thang 9 nam 1972 qui djnh:
"De Cling cd va phat trien quan he hda binh hiru hiio gitra hai chinh phii. chinh phu nudc CHND Trung Hoa va chinh phii Nhat Ban ddng y tien hanh dam phan lay ky ket hiep uac hda binh htru hao lam muc dich." Sau khi Trung Nhat ndi lai quan he ngoai giao, van dc ky hiep uac hda binh htru hao da dugc dua viio chuang trinh iain viec hang ngay ciia hai nude.
Ngay 10 thang 11 nam 1974. dai bieu hai ben irung Nhat lien hiinh cugc diim phan cd
Tac gia nguoi Trung Quoc
tinh dy bj lan thir nhat cho viec ky hiep ude.
Tir Ihang 1 den Ihang 5 nam 1975, hai ben Trung - Nhai da tien hanh 12 lan hdi dam.
Trong eudc hdi dam lan thii' ba ngay 14 thang 2, xoay quanh viec lieu cd vidt cau
"dieu khoan chdng ba quyen'" vao trong hiep ude hay khdng, hai ben Trung - Nhat da phat sinh bat ddng. "Dieu khoan chdng ba quyen"
vdn da dugc ghi vao "Tuyen bd chung Trung - Nhat" va each the hien gidng nhu vay cung dugc viet vao "Thdng bao chung Trung - My" thang 2 nam 1972. Phia Trung Qudc chii truang, hiep ude hda binh phai kien tri tinh than co ban cua "Tuyen bd chung Trung - Nhat". Phia Nhat Ban lay ly do la dieu khoan nay se kich thich Lidn Xd, va phan ddi viet "dieu khoan chdng ba quyen" vao hda ude. Den day bdi dam ky ket hiep ude Trung - Nhat bj gac lai. Xem xet tir nguyen nhan sau xa thay, tinh hinh ndi bd Trung - Qudc trong thdi ky "each mang van hda" va thai do tieu eye ciia ndi cac Takeo Miki da khien dam phan ky hiep ude Trung - Nhat bj lam vao cue dien cirng nhac.Thang 10 nam 1974 sau khi "lii bdn ngudi" bj bal, Trung Qudc budc vao thai dai hau "each mang van hda". Ngay 24 thang 12 nam 1976 sau khi thanh lap ndi cac, Yasuo Fukuda the hien thai do tich eye ddi vdi vide khdi phuc dam phan ky hiep uac. Thang 7 nam 1977, Dang Tieu Binh dugc khdi phuc cac chirc vu lanh dao. Ngay 10 thang 9 nam 1977 khi tiep cac ban Nhai Ban, Diing Tieu Binh bieu thj: thuc
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ra viec dd chi can mdt giay la giai quyet xong, khdng can nhieu thdi gian. Ggi la mgt giay la chi hai ehQ "ky kdt". Ngay 21 thang 1 nam 1978, trong dien thuyet tai Qudc hdi, Yasuo Fukuda bieu thj: "thdi ca dam phan da chin mudi."
Ngay 21 thang 7, Trung - Nhat khdi phuc dam phan ky hidp ude. Sau khi da trai qua mudi may vdng dam phan, ngay 9 thang 8 nam 1978, dam phan Trung - Nhat do cap thii trudng, dai sir dugc nang len thanh ngoai trudng. Chieu ngay 12 thang 8, hai ben Trung - Nhat ky "Hiep ude hda hinh hiiu nghj Trung - Nhat" tai Dai Ld dudng Nhan dan. Hiep ude nay duge Uy ban thudng vy Qude hdi Trung Qudc thdng qua ngay 16 thang 8 va dugc hai vien Thugng, Ha nghj vien Nhat thdng qua ngay 16 va 18 thang 10.
Ngay 22 thang 10 nam 1978, Phd thu tudng Dang Tieu Binh duge mdi tham Nhat. Ngay 23 thang 10 le trao ddi thu phe chuan "Hiep ude hda binh hii'u bao Trung - Nhat" dugc cir hanh tai Tokyo, Phd thu tudng Dang Tieu Binh va Thii ludng Yasuo Fueuda tham dy, hidp ude chinh thire cd hieu lyc tir dd.
Hoang Hoa lue dd la Phd thu tudng kiem Bd trudng ngoai giao, dai bieu Trung Qudc ky ten vao "Hiep ude hda binh huu hao Trung - Nhat" da tirng ndi, day la mgt dieu ude hda binh hiru hao thye sy binh dang dau tien trong ljch sir quan he Trung - Nhat trdn hai ngan nam nay, la sy tdng ket kinh nghiem ljch sir va bai hgc Ijch sir trong quan he Trung - Nhat, la mdl hiep ude phan anh thyc sy nguyen vgng cua nhan dan hai nudc, bao ve Igi ich can ban cua nhan dan hai nudc."
Trong thdi gian tham Nhat, Dang Tieu Binh da khao sat thanh thj, ndng thdn eac nganh san xu^t cua Nhat Ban va cam thay sau sSc khoang each to Idn trong phat trien
kinh te va xa hdi Trung - Nhat, lir sy phat trien kinh te va xa hgi cua Nhat sau Chien tranh The gidi lan thii hai, Dang Tieu Binh da nit ra rat nhidu suy ngam trgng dai. Vi du nhu djnh ra y tudng "di ba bude" trong xay dyng hidn dai hda Trung Qudc, muc tieu chien luge "tang bdn lan", dd ra ehi tieu xay dyng xa hdi kha gia binh quan dau ngudi 800-1000 USD V.V..
Thang 12 nam 1978, Hdi nghj toan the Ban chap hanh TW lan thir ba khda 11 cua Dang Cdng san Trung Qudc da xae djnh dudng Idi hien dai hda lay xay dyng kinh te lam trung tam. lay eai each md cira lam con dudng chinh.
Nhu da trinh bay a tren, vide ky "Hiep ude hda binh hiiu hao Trung - Nhat", viec hinh thanh ban thiet ke eai each md ciia cua Dang Tieu Binh eiing nhu vide md ra thdi dai mdi eai each md cira eiia Trung Qudc la mdt lien trinh Ijch sir cua ba qua trinh, ndi ehinh va ngoai giao Trung Qudc theo thii tu tien len tirng bac,tiep ndi phan tren, ggi md phan dudi, tirng bude di sau.
II. Nam 1979: qua trinh quyet sach ODA cua Nhat Ban cho Trung Quoc
Sau "each mang van hda", mgi vide deu phai xay dyng. Trong dd man thuan gitra ddi hdi cd thiet bj va ky thuat tien tien cua nudc ngoai va khdng du tien vdn ngay cang dot xuat. Trong tinh hinh mdi, tang Idp lanh dao Trung Qude da dieu chinh dan dan chinh sach vdn nudc ngoai, trudc tien quyet djnh nhap khau tai khoan thuang nghiep nudc ngoai, sau dd lai quyet djnh nhap khau dau tu trye tiep ciia nudc ngoai. nam 1979 lai xae djnh phuang cham tiep nhan tai khoan ciia Chinh phii Nhat Ban.
Xem xet tir phia Nhat Ban thay, phuang an cung cap tai khoan chinh phu cho Trung
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NGHIEN ecru OONG BflC fl. SO 6 ( 1 0 0 ) 6-2009Qudc da xuat hien dau tien vao thdi ky Ndi cac Fukuda. Ngay 8 thang 12 nam 1978. sau khi thanh lap ndi cac, Nasayoshi Obira da cd ke hoach cung cap tai khoan ddng Yen cho Trung Qudc. Tai khoan ddng Yen Nhai cd hai dac diem Idn khdng gidng vdi tai khoan thuang nghidp. Thir nhat, nd la tai khoan chinh phii, nd khdng gidng vdi tai khoan dugc cac ngan hang hoae xi nghiep dua vao qui luat kinh le thj trudng va Igi ich thuang nghiep cung cap, ma the hidn chinh sach ngoai giao ciia chinh phu Nhat. Thii hai, lai suat cua nd thap, thdi ban cho vay dai.
Dieu kien cung cap cua nd uu dai ban so vdi tai khoan thuang nghiep.
Ngay 30 thang 11 nam 1979, dudi sy quyet doan ehinh trj cua Thu tudng Nasayoshi Obira, da dua ra quydt djnh cung cap tai khoan ddng Yen cho Trung Qudc.
Ngay 5 thang 12, Thii tudng Obira tham Trung Qudc, chinh thii'c bieu thj vdi phia Trung Qudc quyet djnh vien Irg ODA cua Nhat. Tai khoan dau tien ddng Yen bat dau thuc thi lir nam 1980, va vien trg khdng hoan lai cua Nhat cho Trung Qudc cung chinh thirc khdi ddng.
Ba khda ndi cae: Takako Suzuki.
Yasahiro Nakasone, Nabora Takeshita tiep sau Ndi cac Obira deu ke thira chinh sach ODA ciia ndi cac nay ddi vdi Trung Qudc, ODA cua Nhat Ban lay tai khoan ddng Yen la chinh, lay vien trg khdng hoan lai va hgp tac ky thuat la phu da trd thanh bd phan td thanh quan trgng trong quan he Trung - Nhat. Sau khi cung cap tai khoan ddng Yen dau lien cho Trung Qudc (trong thdi gian
1980-1983 ldng mirc la 330,9 ty Yen), thang 3 nam 1984 khi Thu tudng Nakasone tham Trung Qudc da bira cung cap cho phia Trung Qudc tai khoan ddng Yen dgt hai (trong thdi
gian 1984-1990 tdng mirc la 474 ty Yen) Thang 8 nam 1988 khi tham Trung Qudc.
Thil ludng Takeshita bira se cung cap bet lai khoan ddng Yen dgi hai Irudc mdl nam. va tir nam 1999 se cung cap tai khoan ddng Yen dgt ba (trong thdi gian 1990-1995 tdng mirc la 810 ty Yen) lai suat bang nam giam thap ban ntia.
Nhin lai qua Irinh Iren thay. bdi canh che djnh quyet sach chinh sach ODA cua Chinh phu Nhat Ban cho Trung Qudc la da can cir vao hai lang nac. chien luge ddi ngoai va chinh sach ddi vdi Trung Qudc.
Ve mat chien luge dja chinh trj. nidi trudng qudc te ciia nhirng nam 70 the ky 20.
da budc Nhat Ban phai coi viec phat Iridn quan he vdi Trung Qudc la trgng tam ciia trgng lain. Do quan he Trung - My cai thien, nhan Id kiem chd ldn nhat ddi vdi viec phat trien quan be vdi Trung Qudc da dugc loai bd. Trai qua vide tang trudng kinh te tdc do cao, ben vtrng tir nhirng nam 50 den nay, Nhat Ban bat dau tim kidm dja vj chinh trj qudc Id thich irng vdi thyc lyc kinh te cua minh. Ma sat kinb te Nhat My khdng ngirng gay gat khien Nhat Ban ngay cang y thirc dugc nhtrng tat benh do sy mdt mye theo dudi nudc My ve ngoai giao va tinh tat yeu ciia vide md rdng du dja cho vide tien thoai ngoai giao. Ma quan he ciia Nhat Ban vdi Lien Xd do chiu nhtrng an oan lich sir nen khd cd the tidn trien cd tinh dot pha. Dudi sy thiic day cua nhieu tang nac nhan td dd, Nhat Ban vui Idng phat trien quan he htru hao ddi vdi Trung Qudc han ntra.
Ve mat chien luge kinh le ddi ngoai.
nhirng nam 70 da xay ra hai cude khiing hoang dau lira, khien Nhat Ban nudc chju anh hirdng rat Idn tir nhap khau dau lira da chju va dap rat Idn. Nhat Ban bat dau coi da
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nguyen hda ngudn nhap khau nang lugng la ITnh vye quan trgng de bao dam chae chan eho "an ninh kinh td'" va "an ninh tdng hgp", vi vay da rat coi trgng phat trien mau djeh nang lugng vdi Trung Qude. Ddng thdi ddi vdi tiem lye to ldn eua thj trudng mdi trdi day Trung Qudc, Nhat Ban cQng cd himg thu ndng hau. Nhirng suy ngam chinh trj ddi ngoai, chien luge kinh te nay da trd thanh bdi canh quyet sach quan trgng de Nhat Ban che djnh chinh sach ODA ddi vdi Trung Qudc.
Xet tir nhan td chinh sach hai ben ddi vdi Trung Qudc thay, chinh sach ODA cua Nhat Ban ddi vdi Trung Qude duge xay dyng tren sy suy ngam tdng hgp cua ba loai nhan td:
chinh trj, kinh te, va lich sir.
Mat la suy tinh chinh tri, Dudi sy thuc day ciia cac thdi ea ljch sii' nhu: nam 1971 quan he Trung - My tan bang, thang 8 nam
1972 Nhat Ban khdi phuc quan he ngoai giao Nhat - Trung, thang 8 nam 1978 Nhat - Trung ky hiep ude, thang 12 nam 1978 Trung Qudc bal dau cai each md cira v.v..
Nhat Ban da coi vide cung cap ODA tire vien trg vdn cua chinh phu cho Trung Qudc la thd hien quan trgng cu the ciia hiru hao Trung - Nhat va la bien phap ung hd Trung Qudc cai each md cira.
Hai la suy tinh kinh ti, Nhat Ban mudn ISy ODA thiie day khai thac va van tai nang lugng, md rdng nhap khau nang lugng tir Trung Qude, ddng thdi thue day phat trien toan bd quan he mau djeh Trung Nhat. Luc do Trung Qudc can nhap khau gap mgt lugng Idn may mdc thiet bj tir Nhat Ban, Nhat Ban mudn xuat khau gap thiet bj toan bg cho Trung Qudc va nhap khau nang lugng nhu dSu lira, than da tir Trung Qudc.
Thd nhung nhtrng thidu thdn ngay cang tang
trong bien phap chi tra cua Trung Qudc da trd Ihanh cai "cd chai" kiem che sy phat tridn mau djeh hai nudc, cho nen rat can Nhat Ban cung cap sy hgp tac ve mat nay.
Ba la suy nghi tdi nhdn to lich sic vd cam tinh. Trong chinh sach ODA ciia Nhat Ban vdi Trung Qudc cdn bao gdm ca traeh nhiem Ijeh sir ddi vdi cude chien tranh xam luge trude day va tam ly cbdi bd bdi thudng chien tranh ddi vdi Trung Qudc. Ngoai ra cdn thay, qui md tai khoan ddng Yen eua Nhat cho Trung Qudc tuang ddi Idn, Irong do bao gdm ca phan suy tinh dac biet danh cho Trung Qudc ddng dan.
III. Nam 1979-2008: Y nghia tich cue cua ODA Nhat Ban doi voi Trung Quoc
Bat dau tir nam 1980, Nhat Ban tien hanh cung cap ODA cho Trung Qudc. Den nay iri gia tai khoan ddng Yen theo ldi hira da dat khoang 3200 ty Yen, vien trg khdng hoan lai va hgp tae ky thuat dat khoang 300 ty Yen.
Nhat Ban da trd thanh nudc cung cap ODA nhieu nhat cho Trung Qude. Tai khoan ddng Yen so vdi tai khoan chinh phii do chinh phii cac nudc khae cung cap cho Trung Qude cd dac diem ndi bat: thdi gian bat dau sdm nhat, qui md Idn, dieu kien uu dai.
Trong thdi ky kinh te eat canh 20 nam dau sau khi Trung Qudc tien hanh cai each md cira, tire thdi ky ma tien vdn va ky thuat eua Trung Qudc deu tuyet ddi va tuong ddi khdng du, tai khoan ddng Yen da cd tac dung "tang than luc ret". Trong 20 nam nay, tai khoan ddng Yen da thanh cdng trong viec vien trg xay dyng nhieu hang muc ldn trong eac ITnh vue nhu khai thac nang lugng va tai nguyen, giao thdng, van tai, xay dyng ha tang ca sd thong tin, va ndng lam, xay dyng dd thi, bao ve mdi trudng v.v.. Tinh hinh
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NGHIEN ecru OONG BflC fl. SO 6 ( 1 0 0 ) 6 - 2 0 0 9mdt phan cac hang muc vidn trg trong thdi ky nay nhu sau:
1, Dudng sat: Xet tir tdng sd tbSy, Trung Qudc da lgi dung tai khoan ddng Yen dd xay dung mdi va cai tao 4.407 km dudng sSl dien khi hda. trong dd phan xay dyng mdi dat 2.735 km, bang 25% do dai ciia 10.875 km dudng sat dien khi hda trong thdi ky lir ke hoach nam nam lan thir sau ddn lan thir tam.
2, Dudng qudc Id: Bat dau lir nam 1990, Trung Qudc sir dung tai khoan ddng Yen trong xay dyng dudng qudc Id. Vi du nhu Trung Qude da diing khoan vay nay dd xay dung cau dudng bd qua sdng Trudng Giang tai 4 thanh phd ldn cd sdng chay qua la Triing Khanh, Vti Han, Hoang Thach, Ddng Lang, va xay cau dudng bd qua sdng Lai Giang tai Te Te Cap NhT, tdng cdng sir dung khoang 23,9 ty Yen.
3, Ben cang: Xay dyng ben cang tai Thach Ctru Sd va Tan Hoang Dao bet 103,7 ty Yen, xay dyng cac ben cang tai Thanh Dao, cang Lien Van. Tham Quyen, Hai Nam, sir dung bet 127,2 ty NDT (nhan dan te), ngoai ra cdn hgp tae vdi phia Nhat trong sira chira, cai tao 22 ben dau va thidt bj kem theo.
4, Hang khdng: Tdng dau tu xay dyng san bay Thien Ha, Vu Han hdt 915 trieu NDT, Irong dd tai khoan ddng Yen la 6,279 ty Yen.
Md rdng san bay Thu Dd su dyng tai khoan ddng Yen dgt ba la 21,541 ty Yen, dgt bdn la 18,338 ty Yen, tdng edng la 39.879 ty Yen.
5, Giao thdng dd thj: Cac cdng trinh xe dien ngam Bac Kinh ky 1 va ky 2 deu sir dung tiii khoan ddng Yen, Phat trien va dieu tra dudng xe lira trong thanh phd tai Thugng Hai, Triing Khanh. Thien Tan, Dai Lien v.v..
va trung tam bdi duang can bg giao thdng
Vd Tich deu dugc su hgp tac ky thuat ciia Nhat Ban.
6, Dien lyc: Trung Qudc sir dung tai khoan ddng Yen xay dung dugc lugng phat didn mdi 6,48 trieu k\v, trong dd trong thdi gian ke hoach nam nam lan thir lain la 5.8 trieu k\v, bang 10% dung lugng phat dien 58,20 trieu kw ma Trung Qudc cd ke hoach xay dyng mdi trong thdi ky na>-.
7, Tiel kiem nang lugng: Trong cac mat nhu tiet kiem nang lugng tai cac nha may..., Trung Qudc dugc phia Nhat chuyen nhugng ky thual va bdi dudng nhan tai. Nam 1984.
dugc sy hgp lac cua phia Nhat Ban, Trung Qudc da xay dyng Trung tam giao due tiet kiem nang lugng tai Dai Lien.
8, Thdng tin hiru tuyen va vd tuyen: Vi du nhu nam 1984-1987 cac thiinh phd Thien Tan, Thugng Hai, Quang Chau da sir dung tai khoan ddng Yen dgt hai de lap dat 80.000,
120.000, 100.000 may dien thoai khdng chd bang sd ...
9, He thdng thdng tin: Diing tai khoan ddng Yen de xay dyng he thdng thdng tin kinh Id qudc gia.
10, Hd chira nudc: Vi du nhu trai qua 6 nam tbi cdng, nam 1995 da xay dung xong hd chira nudc Quan Am cac, tdng dau lu 1,568 ty NDT, Irong dd lai khoan ddng Yen la 11,78 ty Yen.
11, Thuy lgi. Nhu ke hoach tudi lieu d Giang Td:
12, Phan bdn hda hgc: Tir 1991 den nay Trung Qudc da sir dung tai khoan ddng Yen de xay dung 6 nha may san xuat phan bdn hda hgc, vdi san lugng nam la 1,43 trieu tan, bang 56% nang lyc san xuat phan hda hgc cua Trung Qudc tang them trong ke hoach nam nam lan thir tam la 2,54 trieu tan.
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13, Xay dyng dd thj: Nhu ke hoach phai trien Thanh Dao (gdm dudng bd, thdng tin, cap nudc, xir ly nude thai..) ke hoach phat trien Hai Nam (ben cang, dudng bd, thdng lin lien lac)
14, Khi than cho thanh phd: Vi du nhu lgi dung tai khoan ddng Yen dd xay dung mang ludi quan ly dudng dng eung cap khi thien nhien Idn nhat Trung Qudc tai Cap NhT Tan, ngoai ra edn ed hang mue md rgng thiel bj eung cap khi than tai Phiie Kien.
15, Cap nude dd thj: Hang muc md rdng thiet bj eung cap nude d Bae Kinh sir dung 15,48 ly Yen trong tai khoan ddng Yen dgt hai, dgt ba la 15,678 ty Yen, dgt bdn 20 ty Yen, tdng cdng la 51,158 ty Yen.
16, Bao ve mdi trudng: Vi dy nhu sir dung tai khoan ddng Yen de xay dyng nha may xir ly nude d nhidm ed qui md Idn nhat, edng nghe thiel bj tidn tien nhat Trung Qudc - Nha may xir ly nudc d nhiem Cao Bai Diem, Bac Kinh.
ODA eua Nhat Ban cho Trung Qudc cd qui md ldng the tuang ddi Idn, trong dd ly trgng vien trg khdng hoan lai va vien trg ky thuat tuang ddi nhd, chu yeu phan bd tai eac ITnh vye ndng nghiep, y te, bao ve mdi trudng, bdi dudng nhan tai v.v.
Tir nhung nam 80 cua the ky trudc den nay, mdt sd edng trinh vien trg khdng hoan lai tidu bidu la "Bdnh vien Htru nghj Trung Nhal"(16 ty Yen) "Trung tam giao luu thanh nien Trung Nhat"(IO,l 1 ty Yen) "Trung tam bao ve mdi trudng hiiu hao Trung Nhat"
(khoang 10 ty Yen).. Ngoai ra edn ed gan 70 cdng trinh nua phan bd tai gan 20 tinh, thanh phd, khu ty tri lien quan tdi eac ITnh vuc giao
due. ndng lam ngu nghiep. y te. buu dien.
thyc pham, truydn thanh trydn hinh, thuy Igi, bao ve di tich ljch sii, phuc Igi v.v..
Nhirng ngudi lanh dao Trung Qudc trudc sau ddu coi trgng eao do ODA ciia Nhat Ban vdi Trung Qudc va nhieu lan bieu thj sy cam on chan thanh.
Thang 8 nam 1988, Thu tudng Nobora Takeshita khi Iham Trung Qudc da hira cung c^p eho Trung Qudc 810 ty Yen tai khoan chinh phu mdi. Ngay 26 thang 8 khi tiep Thu ludng Nhat Ban, Dang Tieu Binh da bieu thj:
tang pham ma ngai mang tdi lan nay khdng nhe. chiing tdi hoan nghenh, cam an! Gidi truydn thdng Nhat da dua tin ve viec nay nhu sau: day la lan dau tien Dang ndi ldi cam an vdi ngudi diing dau nudc ngoai.
Cac nha lanh dao Trung Qudc nhu Giang Traeh Dan, Chu Dung Ca, On Gia Bao...
cung deu cd nhtrng danh gia xae dang va Idi cam an vd vien trg ODA cua Nhat Ban ddi vdi Trung Qude.
Vao luc Trung Qudc cue ky thieu vdn va ky Ihuat, vien trg ODA ciia Nhat cho Trung Qudc da phai huy tac dung "cho than khi ret". Ngay nay, vien trg ODA cua Nhat cho Trung Qudc da gan tdi hdi ket. Tdng ket toan dien, khach quan giai doan ljch sir nay, neu ro mdi lien he ngi tai gitra eai each md cira Trung Qude va vidn trg ODA eua Nhat Ban, viet nhtrng dieu dd vao ljch sir quan he Trung Nhat, da trd thanh van dd chung cua hai nudc.
Ngirdi dich: Duong Danh Dy
Ngudn: Tap chi "Ngogi giao Trung Qudc " sd 1 nam 2009 tr 21 -24
26 NGHIEN ecru OONG BflC fl. SO 6 ( 1 0 0 ) 6-2009
