THUC TIEN GIAO DUC ' ^
NANG CAO NANG LUC QUAN Ll
CHO CAC CHU NHIEM TRUNG TAM HOC TAP CONG DONG
• • • •
d CAC TINH DONG BANG SONG CUfU LONG
1. Oat van de
He thdng eae trung tam hpc tap cpng ddng (trung tam HTCO) d vung Odng bing sdng CUu Long (OBSCL) dupc hinh thanh nhim tao dilu kidn thuan Ipi eho mpi ngudi trong cdng ddng dupe hpc tap, trang bj kiln thUc, gdp phan tang nang suit lao ddng, giai quyet vide lam.
Tuy nhidn, hidn van cd khdng it trung tam HTCO boat ddng kem hidu qua do nhilu nguyin nhan, trong dd ed nang life quan li cua chii nhiem trung tam
Nang llie quan li (NLQL) ciia chu nhidm trung tam HTCO la sti tdng hpp cac nang life: nang life k l hoaeh hoa, nang life td chUc, nang luc chi dao, nang luc kilm tra va danh gia.
Thue trang dpi ngu chu nhidm trung tam HTCO hidn nay v l hinh thUe, sd lUpng la du, nhung v l thtic chit edn nhieu v i n depbai xem xet. Oai bd phan dpi ngu ehu nhiem cd pham chat dao dUe, tan tuy, nhiet tinh vdi edng vide, nhung v i n edn mot sd tdn tai CO ban nbu phin Idn ehua qua dao tao, bdi dudng v l li luan va nghidp vii quan li giao due (QLGD), thilu kiln thUe v l quan li co sd giao diic thudng xuydn (GDTX), thilu nang life huy dpng, td ehUe cac dieu kien phue vu ehUc nang, nhiem vu eiia trung tam HTCO.
2. cac bien phap nang cao NLQL cho chii nhiem trung tam HTCO vimg OBSCL
2.1. Ndng cao chdt IdOng ddo tao, boi dddng thudng xuyen cho chii nhiem trung tdm HTCD
a. Muc tieu eua bien phdp
Mdt trong nhdng nguyin nhan lam han che NLQL eua cbii nhilm la vi hp chua dUpc dao tao de lam edng vide nay, day ehi la mdt ehUc danh kidm nhidm giup eho vide thtic hidn cac nhidm vu ciia trung tam HTCO dupe thuan Ipi han. Vi vay, vide dao tao va bdi dudng kiln thUc QLGD ndi chung t/i kiln thUe, ki nang quan li eo sd GDTX ndi ridng, :ung nhU nghiep vu chuydn mdn v l quan li trung
PGS. TS. NGO QUANG S0N Bo Giao due va Dao tao
ThS. NGUYEN VAN TUANSo Giao due va Dao tao Kien Giang tam HTCO cho ehu nhidm trung tam HTCD la nhidm vu ein thiet nham tang eudng hidu qua quan li
b. Npi dung vd cdch thdc thi/e hien bien phdp Bien phap v l dao tao, bdi dudng gdm ed:
- Boi dadng kien thOc vi qudn li ca sd GDTX, qudn li trung tdm HTCD:
Ydu ciu quin li co sd GDTX trong mdi trudng GDTX dang dupe xa hdi hoa va da dang hoa manh me va chiu su tae dpng cua co che thi trudng. Odng thdi nhu eiu dupe bdi dudng kien thUe quan lieua ban than ehu nhidmTTHTCO dang tang Idn.
- Khuyin khich tahgc, fU boi dadng:
Quan li la mdt nghe can ed nang ltic tu hpc, tu nghiln eUu de vuon den nhufng hilu bilt mdi, cap nhat nhdng thanh tUu khoa hpe hidn dai trong hoat ddng quan li. Lam tdt edng tae tti hpe, tif bdi dudng se phat huy dupe tinh ehu dpng, sang tao cua ngUdi CBQL, mat khae t i l t kiem dugc ngan sdch, khdng lang phi thdi gian di lai.
- To chOc ddo tgo cdn bp qudn li:
Da sd cac chu nhidm trung tam HTCD deu da qua cac khoa bpc hoac Idp bdi dudng v l kiln tbUc quan li nha nUde nbUng ehl ed 68,3% da qua eae khoa hoe v l QLGD. Chinh vi vay, sd ddng chu nhidm cdn lung tung trong edng tae quan li trung tam HTCO. O l khic phuc han che nay, chinh quyln dja phuang cin phdi hpp vdi cae cap quan li eua nganh giao diic va dao tao d l dUa ra cac tidu ehi can thiet khi biu can bp vao cac chdc danh lanh dao c i p uy hoac chinh quyln. Bdi ehinh nhOfng ngudi nay la ngudn eung cap cae chii nhidm trung tam HTCO. Cac ea quan quan li nha nUde cua ehinh quyln dja pbuong (UBND huyen) phdi hop vdi phdng GD&OT ein t i l n hanh ra soat quy hoaeh va lUa ehpn can bd k l can; td ebUc dao tao ban d i u eho ddi tuong quy hoach nay eung vdi eae ehii nhilm duong chUe ehUa qua dao tao. Cae ddi tupng nay cd t h i duoc eUdIn hpe tap trung tai cac trudng bdi dudng CBQL eiia dja phuong hoac td
sd 77 - THANG 2/2012 • 45
^ THUC TIEN GIAO DUC
chUe theo p h u o n g thUc tap trung, tai chUc ngay tai cae TTGDTX cua tinh va huyen.
2.2. Xdy dang ea ehe qudn li, ehe dp, ehinh sdeh phii hap; tdng cadng nguon tdi ehinh, ea sd vdt chdt eho trung tdm HTCD
a. Mue tieu eua bien phdp
De chu nhidm cd the phat huy dupc nang lUe eiia minh, c i n phai xay d u n g eo che quan li, che dd, chinh sach phu h o p va tang cudng ngudn tai chinh, CO sd vat c h i t cho trung tam HTCO.
b. Npi dung vd cdch thdc tht/c hien bien phdp + Tao mdi trudng lam vide va hanh lang phap li thuan Ipi cho edng tae quan li trung t a m HTCO.
Viphia chinh quyin:
Nang cao nhan thUc cua cap uy va ehinh q u y l n dia phuang ddi vdi trung tam HTCD.
. Nang eao nhan thUe eua ngudi dan trong cpng ddng ve trung tam HTCO t h d n g qua n h i l u hinh thUc tuyen t r u y i n khae nhau.
Nang cao nhan thUe v l GDTX trong can bd nganh GD&OT dia phuong.
. Nang cao nhan thUe cua cae nganh, cac c i p v l t i m quan trpng eua GDTX va trung tam HTCD de tao su chuyen b i l n trong d i u tucae ngudn life, e h l dp va chinh sach cho eae co sd GDTX...
. Can cU vao quy e h l va thuc t l eua dja phuong, UBND cae huyen ban hanh cac ehinh sach cu t h i v l vide huy d d n g eae n g u d n liic ciia dja phuong n h u ddi ngu giao vidn, ngudn kinh phi ban d i u va t h u d n g xuydn, eo sd vat c h i t va eae phuong tidn phiie vu cho eae hoat d p n g cua trung tam...
.Thuc hidn d i y du che d d ehinh sach ma Trung UPng, tinh da ban hanh, k i t hpp bd sung, hoan thidn cac chd d p ehinh saeh eua dja phuong.
O l ngudn tai ehinh eua trung tam HTCO dupe dn djnh, co sd vat c h i t dupc d a m bao e i n phai:
Tang cudng d i u t u cho GDTX ndi ehung, trung tam HTCO ndi ridng theo hUdng xa hdi hoa giao diic, thuc hien nguyen t i c nha nudc va nhan dan eung lam. UBND xa hd trp mpt p h i n kinh phi trong ngan sach eho trung tam HTCO trang trai cac khoan thu lao, bdi d u d n g cho giao vien, cbu nhiem trung tam; tao d i l u kien de trung tam ed eo sd vat c h i t (van phdng, p h d n g hoc, ban ghe...) va t h i l t bi phue vu cho eae hoat d d n g eua trung tam. Huy d d n g cac ngudn kinh phi eho trung tam HTCD tUcae chuong trinh, d t i an, ca nhan, don vj san x u i t kinh doanh; doanh nghiep, doan t h i , td chUe xa hpi...
- Cd ngudn tai chinh dn dinh tU ngan sach nha
nudc d l hd tro ban d i u va chi t h u d n g xuydn eho eae trung tam HTCO hoat ddng.
2.3. Ddy manh cdng tdc thdng tin qudn ligiao due
a. Mue tieu eua bien phdp
Ban chat lao d p n g eua ngUdi CBQL la ra quylt dinh. Nang luc ra cac quyet djnh cd chuan xae hay khdng lai tuy thudc rat nhieu vao t h d n g tin ma ngudi CBQL ed duoe. Td chdc eho ehu nhiem trung tam HTCO n i m b i t kip t h d i va day du nhdng thdng tin c i n thiet eho edng tac quan li.
b. Npi dung vd cdch thdc thdc hien bien phap Bdng cdc vdn bdn
cae eo quan quan li cap trdn can cung c i p kjp thdi va d i y du cae van ban chi dao e i n t h i l t eho mpi mat cdng tac cua ngudi ehu nhidm. C i n ehu y cii t h i hoa cac chu t r u o n g edng tae ciia c i p trdn bang van ban de thuc hidn eho tUng dja phuong.
C i n thiet lap eae kenh t h d n g tin ehinh thdng qua bao eao djnh ki, dot x u i t , so k i t , t d n g k i t , chuydn de... t h d n g qua vide Ung d u n g cdng nghd thdng tin va truyen t h d n g .
Bang hdi nghi, hdi thdo
Thdng qua hpi nghj, hpi thao, eae c i p quan II ed t h i t r u y i n dat, h u d n g d i n , giai thieh... cac chu truong edng tac d l ebu nhidm cd the n i m b i t mdt each kjp thdi, d i y d u . Sif d i i n g t h d n g tin q u i n li thdng qua cae p h u o n g t i l n t h d n g tin dai ehiing n h u bao, dai, t r u y i n hinh, tap ehi, tai lieu, hpc lidu...
Giao ban chii nhiim cdc trung tdm HTCD Hang nam c i n t d chUe giao ban ehu nhidm eae trung t a m HTCO theo cac huyen, tinh, cac viing ddng b i n g , t r u n g d u , v u n g nui, vung dan tde, nhit la cac vung KT-XH e i n quan t a m dae bidt: Tay Bie, Tay Nguydn, Tay Nam Bp... d l ehia se kinh nghidm tdt gida cae t r u n g t a m HTCO.
r d chdc tham quan hgc tap kinh nghiim qudn lid cdc trung tdm HTCD
De bien phap nay dat hidu q u i cap, trong td chUe thuc hien c i n luu y:
- xac d i n h rd ydu cau eua dpt tham quan, hoc tap;
- Chpn lua thanh phan doan tham quan phii hpp vdi yeu e i u cua c h u y i n t h a m quan;
- Phan cdng mdi thanh vidn trong doan di sSu nghien cUu t i m hieu m d t v i n de e i n quan tam ben canh nhdng van d l ehung;
- Mdi thanh vidn trong doan ed ban thu hoach rUt ra dupe sau e h u y i n di va ed t h u hoaeh chung
46 • KHOA HOC GlAO DUC
THUC TIEN GIAO DUC ~ ^
cho ca doan, trong d d can rut ra duoe nhdng bai hpc, n h d n g kien nghi cho dja p h u o n g .
Tdng caOng quan hi giao tiip xd hdi
Thdng qua giao t i l p vdi can bd, giao vidn, nhan vidn, hpe vien; thdng qua giao t i l p vdi cac ban, nganh, doan t h i , eo quan... ngudi chu nhidm n i m b i t duoc n h d n g thdng tin e i n t h i l t eho vide hinh thanh cac q u y l t dinh quan li eua minh. Chinh vi vay, tang eudng giao tidp xa hdi va npi bd la bidn phap c i n thiet de giup ngudi ehii nhidm trung tam HTCO nang cao NLQL cua minh, dae bidt la trong bdi eanh nganh GDTX dang phat trien theo djnh hudng xa hdi hoa giao due ma trung tam HTCO la md hinh xa hdi hoa giao diie c i p eo sd.
Ngadi chii nhiem trung tdm HTCD cdn:
Thudng xuyen t i l p xuc vdi can bp, giao vien, nhan vien dudi q u y l n d i l u hanh d l n i m b i t kjp thdi tam t u , tinh cam, thai dp va k i t qua lao d p n g eua tUng ngudi; d d n g t h d i eung chju khd l i n g nghe va quan tam d i n y k i l n cua hp d l thu thap dupe n h d n g t h d n g t i n ngUpe hdu ich cho cdng tac ehi dao.
Hinh thUe tiep xue ed the la gap g d ca nhan, hpp n h d m , ddi thoai, y k i l n de x u i t b i n g kenh thdng tin ehinh t h d n g (bao eao) hoac khdng chinh thdng (y k i l n phan anh, trao ddi t a m tinh), hop t h u gdp y...
Tang cudng eae mdi quan he giao tiep xa hdi d l trung tam nhan dupe sU ung hd cao n h i t ciia c i p uy, ehinh q u y l n , cac nganh, cae doan the, eae td ehUe va ea nhan ca ve vat ehat l i n tinh t h i n n h i m thifc hidn t h i n g Ipi mue tieu, nhiem vu eua trung tam.
Hinh tbUc giao t i l p xa hdi rat linh boat, tuy theo tinh hinh, dae d i e m d moi dja p h u o n g ma ngudi chu nhidm ed each Ung xil phu hap: ed the la qua eae hoat d d n g xa hdi g i n vdi dia phUPng, qua toa dam, gap gd, t h a m hdi ea nhan, giao luu gida trung tam vdi eae doan the dia phuang...
Qua cac hinh thUe trdn, kenh thdng tin chinh thdng eung n h u khdng ehinh t h d n g ngudi chii nhidm sd ed dieu kidn t i l p nhan n h i l u t h d n g tin da dang. B i n g sti phong phu eua eae ngudn thdng tin va b i l t xif li t h d n g tin, vide thUc hidn cac chUe nang quan li eua ngudi ehu nhidm trung tam HTCO sd dat hidu qua eao hon.
2.4. Tdng cadng edng tde thanh tra, kiim tra, ddnh gid
a. Mue tieu eiia bien phdp
Kiem tra, thanh tra la khau dac bidt quan trpng trong qua trinh quan li, la nhdng hoat d d n g truyen t h d n g mang tinh chat phap che duoc quy djnh trong cac van ban phap quy cua Nha nUdc. K i l m tra, thanh tra giup ngudi quan li tien doan dupc k i t qua xay ra, cd tac d u n g true t i l p den vide tim nguyen nhan va de ra nhdng bidn phap quan li cd hieu qua.
Kiem tra, thanh tra edn la cdng cii sac ben gdp phan tang cudng hieu qua quan li. Sau moi dpt kiem tra, thanh tra cung la dip bdi dudng them nghiep vu quan li cho CBQL, nang cao NLQL cho CBQL
6. Npi dung vd each thdc thae hien bien phdp De danh gia d u n g va kip t h d i d p n g vidn khuyen khich, khac phiic nhdng t d n tai trong cdng tac eua ehu nhiem eae trung t a m HTCO, hon bao gid h i t eae eo quan quan li d eae dja phuang e i n phdi hop d l cd cac bidn phap tang eudng cdng tac k i l m tra, thanh tra. Cd n h u vay mdi dap Ung dugc nhu c i u phat trien eua trung tam HTCO trong giai doan mdi. Lanh dao, chi dao ludn g i n lien vdi k i l m tra, danh gia. T h i l u k i l m tra khdng the danh gia dupe edng tac lanh dao, ehi dao eua ehu t h i q u i n li cung n h u nang life va k i t qua edng tae quan lieua ddi t u o n g q u a n l i . Kiem tra, danh gia khdng ehi thu dupc nhUng t h d n g tin ngUpe eho ehu t b i quan li ma edn la bien phap tich cUc thue day ddi tuong quan II nang cao nang liic eua ban than minh.
Chinh vi vay, kiem tra, danh gia la mdt bidn phap khdng t h i thieu dupe d l nang cao NLQL eho ngudi chu nhidm trung tam HTCD. Tang cudng hidu qua cdng tae kiem tra, thanh tra la mdt vide lam r i t c i n t h i l t , khdng t h i t h i l u trong hoat ddng quan li. K i t thuc m d t dot thanh, kiem tra bao g i d eung cd sU danh gia. Xep loai trung tam HTCO phai la tdng hpp eua sU danh gia qua n h i l u lan k i l m tra trong mdt nam va qua n h i l u kenh t h d n g tin khae nhau. O l vide danh gia, x l p loai trung tam HTCO chinh xae, eae CO quan quan li cap trdn e i n :
- O l ra chuan xep loai trung tam eu t h i , rd rang;
- Phan cdng cac bd phan cd trach nhidm theo ddi mot sd mat cdng tae nhat djnb d cac trung tam va cu t h i hoa vide danh gia eho tUng tidu ehi b i n g d i l m sd; x l p loai tUng mat va xep loai ehung theo bdn mUc: tdt, kha, dat yeu e i u , chUa dat yeu c i u ;
- Tien hanh k i l m tra toan dien hoac theo ehuyen de d t i t ea cac tnjng tam;
-Thdng n h i t danh gia, xep loai trung tam trdn tinh t h i n khach quan, edng b i n g ;
Thdng qua edng tac kiem tra, danh gia p h o n g (Xem tiep trang 55) S677-THANG2/2012>47
THUC TIEN GIAO DUC ^
NANG CAO NANG LlTC QUAN Ll...
trao t h i dua sd duoe t d chUe t h u d n g xuydn. C i n tuydn d u o n g , khen t h u d n g kjp t h d i eae d i l n hinh tidn tien, nhUng ca nhan cd t h a n h tich xuat sic d l neu g u o n g eho cac d o n vj, ca nhan khae. Oieu do ed tae d u n g r i t ldn t r o n g vide kich thich t i n h t h i n , tao ra d d n g luc t h i dua t r o n g lao d d n g , hpc tap..., n g u d i ehu nhiem cac t r u n g tam HTCO phai tieh etie hoat ddng, phai cai t i l n cdng tac quan li d i e d vi t r i t r o n g p h o n g trao thi dua. N h d d d , nang llie quan li eua ehu nhidm t r u n g t a m HTCO dupc nang len.
Ddnh gid dpi ngu chit nhiim trung tdm HTCD o a n h gia dpi ngu chii nhidm trung t a m HTCO la n h i m lam rd NLQL, pham chat dao dUc, hidu qua cdng tae de tren co sd dd ed ke hoaeh dao tao, bdi dudng, bd nhidm, tai nhidm, d l bat va mien nhidm cung n h u d l thuc hien cae ehe dp, ehinh sach khae ddi vdi ehUc danh chu nhiem. Hidn nay vide danh gia dpi ngu ehu nhidm cac trung t a m HTCO chua dupc chu trong. Chi mdi d d n g d mUc chu nhiem t u danh gia, hoac ban chu nhidm danh gia ehu nhidm sau mdi n a m e d n g tac, c h u a c o su danh gia, x l p loai ciia cac CO quan quan li c i p trdn ddi vdi ddi ngu ehu nhidm.
O l danh gia trd thanh m d t bidn phap, d d n g ltic kich thieh mpi ngUdi p h i n dau vuon ldn va t u d i l u chinh ban than, cac c i p quan li trung tam HTCO c i n nhan thUe day d u vai trd h i t sUc quan trpng cua danh gia trong edng tae can bd d l thuc h i l n d i y du cac yeu c i u sau:
a) Phai xem bidu qua cdng vide, k i t qua edng tac la thudc do NLQL, d d ehinh la co sd quan trong
(Tiep theo trang 47)
de thtic hien cdng tac danh gia ehu nhiem trung tam HTCO. Tat nhien viec danh gia can bd edn can cU vao nhdng nhan t d khac n h u tidu ehuan can bd, dieu kidn mdi t r u d n g cdng tae...
b) Can coi trong nguydn t i c t u phe binh va dam bao tinh cdng khai.
TAl U f u THAM K H A O
1. Bd GD&OT (2005), Hadng den mptxd hpi hgc tap vd gido due cho mgi ngadi GDKCQ thdng qua md hinh trung tdm HTCO d VN
2. Bd GD&OT va Hpi K h u y i n hpe VN (2005), Tdi lieu Hpi nghi sa kit 5 ndm xdy dang vd phdt trien trung tdm HTCD
3. Hdi Khuyen hpc VN (2005), TdchOc vd hogt dpng ciia mpt sd trung tdm HTCD dcdc vung KT -XH
4. Ngd Quang SPn (2010), Mdt sd gidi phdp qudn li phdt trien hi thdng trung tdm hgc tap cpng dong gdp phdn xdy dgng xd hpi hgc tap d Viet Nam, Di tdi KH - CN trgng diem cdp Bp - Md sd B2008 - 29 -30TD
5. CLC Management Handbook (2003) - UNESCO Bangkok/APPEAL
SUMMARY
There are still many ineffective community learning centers due to many factors, especially the managerial capacity by the center heads. The author proposes 7 measures for improving managerial capacity by community learning center heads in Mekong Delta.
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trudng eung nganh, g i n nganh nghe dao tao d i u cd the lidn t h d n g vi Ipi ich chung eho ngudi hpe va cho sti phat t r i l n t r o n g t u o n g lai eua d i t nude.
T A I Lieu THAM KHAO
1. Caboche A. (1992), Aper^u du systimeeducatif fran<;ais, CIEP, Sdvres. CIEP (1995), CIEP (2006).
2. Hanriot M. et Ceard M. (1991), Evaluer", Education et management, n" 6, pp. 21 -26.
3. Lawrence R.R Reavill (1998), Quality assessment, total quality management and the stakeholders in the UK higher education system.
4. www.indobase.com/study-abroad/countries/
canada/education-system-in-canada.html
5. Ki y l u hpi t h i o Ddo tgo lien thPng trong cdc tradng trung cdp, cao ddng, dai hgc Viet Nam: Tht/c trgng vd bdi hgc kinh nghiim. DHSP TPHCM, thang 9/2008.
6. Kl yeu bpi thao Ddo tgo liin thdng theo hi thdng tin chid Viet Nam. VUN, thang 4/2009.
SUMMARY
The article emphasizes the important role of articulation in education of Vietnam, experiences from some countries and proposes some orientations for Vietnam in the coming times.
Sli77-THANG2/2012.55
