TAP CHl KHOA H(;C XA HQI s6 2 (196) 2015
, CHUC NANG VA VAI TRO CUA Mieu NHI PHU TRONG
Ddi S P N G K I N H TIS-XA Hpl CUA NGUai HOA PHUC KI^Na THANH P H P H 6 CHi MINH
DANG HOANG LAN
Bii viet Se cip Sen ehire ning vi vai trd cua mieu/hdi quan Nhi Phu cila ngwdi Hoa goe Phuc Kiin a TPHCM. Mieu cd hai ehire ning chinh la lien kit xa hpi vi phuc lai xa hdi. Miiu cOng cd vai trd quan trpng trong Sdi sdng kinh ti vi xa hpi eua ngwdi Hoa. Hoat Sdng trong ITnh vwc thwang mai, ngwdi Hoa thwdng phai Sdi mat vdi nhieu may rui, nen ciu cung li nhu ciu tat yeu. Trong Sdi song xa hdi, ngwdi Hoa cdn dwa vio tin ngwdng Se phan Sau ren iuypn ve tw cich, phim chat Sao Sire eua minh.
Trong qua trinh cdng nghipp hda, hiin Sai hda a TPHCM, miiu/hdi quan Nhi Phil Sa cd nhu'ng biin Soi theo xu hwdng tich ewe, ting cwdng han nWa vide tham gia hoat Sdng kinh ti vi tir thien - xi hdi.
DAN NHAP
Milu Nh| Phu {mid-), Phiic Kiln Nhi Phu hpl qudn (ffi # Iff ~ • W) hay cdn gpi la Chua (!)ng B i n , toa Igc tgi 264 dudng Hal Thygng Lan Ong, phudng 14, qudn 5, TPHCM. S d dT cd ten gpi Nh| Phil vi m i l u dygc thdnh lap dc s y ddng gdp cua nhdng ngydi thupc hai phu Tuyin Chau va Chucng Chau thupc tinh Phuc Kiln (Trung QuIc).
Vdo nam 1871, ngdi m i l u chinh thdc trd thanh hgi quan cua Bang Phiic Kiln.
Nhdng ngydi Phiic Kiln d i n chu y l u t d cac huypn: Van Tien, Chugng P h i , Nam Tinh, Hal Trudng, Chidu An (thupc Chyo'ng Chau); T i n Giang, Nam An, Hud An, An Khe, D i n g An (thupc Tuyin Chau). v l sau gida hai nhdm ngydi thupc hai phil Chuang Chdu va Tuyin Chau cd s y tranh c h i p trong vide ddt ten Bdng Hodng Lan. Thge sT. Trydng Dai hpc van hda Thdnh phi Ho Chi Minh.
milu va l l vat dang ciing, nen m i l nhdm taeh ra xdy dyng eg s d ridng. Ngydi Hoa d Chycrng Chdu lgp Hpi quan Ha Chycng va nhdm Tuyin Chau lap Hpi quan On Lang.
v l nien dgi thanh lgp Milu, cho d i n ngy, vgn chya bilt dygc chinh xdc, nhyng can c d vao hien vgt cdn luu igi trpng milu, mpt dgi hing chung cd kllu dang gilng vdi cac dgi hong chung d Hpi An, cd nien dgi t h i ky XVIII va thee tac gia Trdn Hing Lien, can c d tren ehudng e l nay ghi ring "Nhj Phu Ogl Bd Cdng... At Ddu trpng thu cat dan lap" (Chuong due vao thang 8 nam At Dau... do nhyng ngygl dang trpng cua hai phu) thi cd the doan d|nh nidn dgi At Dgu nay, n i u xdt them nam thang triing tu cua hai ngdi m i l u dugc taeh ra t d m i l u Nh| Phu" (...) thi m i l u Nhi Phu dygc xdy dyng vao gida t h i l<y XVIII (Trdn Hing Lidn, 2005, tr. 35-36).
Ngoai ra trong tde pham Gia Binh phong
E A N G H O A N G LAN - CHlJC NANG V A VAI TR(5 COA MIEU..
cinh vinh, md ta phong canh Gla D|nh t d nam 1770 d i n nam 1815 cd d l cap d i n m i l u Nhj Phu:
Ckii chOa Ong Bon Bau ein Dim qudn ehir ngpn rau tic Sit Chung tdi d i n g tlnh vdi y kiln cua Trdn Hcng Lien vd cho ring nam At Dau ghi tren chuong chinh Id nam 1765. Nhy vgy, m i l u Nhj Phij phai d y g c xay dung trude nam 1765, tde vao gida the ky XVlll.
Milu Nhj Phu cd vai trd dgc bidt trong ddi s i n g kinh t l , van hda, xa hpi cua ngudi Hoa g TPHCM. B u l l ddu d i n djnh cy, milu Id sgi ddy lien k i t cdng d i n g ngudi Hoa Phuc Kiln g viing dat mdi.
Milu cung phan anh tin ngudng eua ngudi Hoa - mdt trong cac tidu ehi quan trpng xdc djnh ban sae van hda dan tpc, phdn biet hp vdi cac top ngudi khac. Tuy nhidn khdng ehi ngdi m i l u cd anh hydng d i n ddi song kinh tl-xa hpi cua ngydi Hoa, ma ddi s i n g cua ngudi Hoa cung cd anh hudng nhdt djnh den sinh hoat ciia m i l u .
Bai v i i t tlm h l l u chde nang vd vai trd cua milu Nhj Phu, d l t d dd thay d y g c anh hydng ciia ngdi m i l u ndy trong ddi s i n g kinh tl-xa hpi cua nhdm Hog Phiic Kiln g TPHCM.
1. CHU'C N A N G C U A M i e u NH| PHCI T d nhdng ngay d i u sang nhdp cu d Viet Nam, nhu cau tin ngydng cua nhdm di dan cdng dugc day mgnh sau chuyin ra khgi day h i i m nguy tren biln ca. D i n ngi
" d i t lg, que ngudi" egn cd mdt ngdi m i l u cho ridng minh cang t r d ndn cap thilt.
Theo Tran H i n g Lien (2005, tr. 124): "Td dgc d i l m di dan nay, ngygl Hoa cdng cd
yeu c l u bdc bach v l tinh than, tha thilt cd ngay n d thd t y , mdt ngdi m i l u nhd bdn canh hpi quan ciia minh, d l trude tien la tg an thanh thdn da phd trg cho hp trdn dydng di dugc "thugn b u l m xudl gid", thy nda Id nhdm giai quylt nhu cdu tinh t h i n , an ui nhdng ngygi xa que, each trd, cd ngi d l thdp nen hyong hudng v l dng bd to tidn, trdi Phgt d que cu". VI vgy, nggy khi dyng nhdng ngdi nha tgm d l d, ngydi Hoa da dyng milu nhd k l ben. N i u nhy d b u l l ddu djnh cy, ngydi Hoa dyng That Phii milu, la ngdi m i l u cua cpng d i n g ngydi t d 7 phu Phuc Chdu, Chygng Chdu, Tuyin Chdu (tlnh Phiic Kiln); Quang Chau, Quynh Chdu, Trilu Chdu (tlnh Quang Ddng);
Ninh Ba (tlnh Chidt Giang), thi sau khi cupc s i n g I n djnh han, ngudi Hoa cd xu hudng lap m i l u ridng theo tdng nhdm phygng ngy. Mleu/hgl quan la ngi thd t y thdn iinh, tap hpp ngydi d i n g tpc, d i n g phyang ngy, d i n g huang d i n ta tiic.
Sau khi cupc s i n g da ddn khd len, trong m i l u da dgt thd them nhilu t h i n linh dugc ngydi Hoa ngudng vpng. Milu la ngi thu hut ngay cang ddng ngydi Hoa d i n cimg bai, cdu nguyen,
Ldl m d ddu Bieu le Hdi quin Nhi Phu cd ghi "Nhdm ngdn ngd Phydc Kien da xdy dyng Nhj Phu m i l u lam Hpi quan d l tap hgp hdu h i t nhdng ngydi Hoa cd que qudn tgl Phydc Kiln v l day. Trude h i t la d l dang hygng ciing l l cac vj than phil hg minh trong cudc sdng hdng ngay, sau la tham hdi giao t l va tuang than tyang trg, lam t d thien vd cac cdng tac xa hpi" (Hgi quan Nhi Phil, 2007, tr. 23).
Trong d i l u 2 cua Biiu id Hdi quan Nhi Phu khang djnh chde nang eua m i l u la:
TAP CHl KHOA HQC XA HQI s6 2 (198) 2015
"Doan k i t ba con nhdm ngdn ngd Phuc Klin va cdng d i n g , gdp phdn vdo sy nghiep dgi dodn k i t toan dan theo dung chu trygng, chinh sdch phap lugt cua nha nude Cpng hda Xa hpl Chu nghTa Viet Nam" (Hpi quan Nhj Phu, 2007, tr.
33). Anh hudng va vai trd ciia milu Nhj Phii d l l vdi cpng d i n g Phuc Kiln dygc t h i hien qua nguyen t i c v l ca cdu nhdn sy trcng Ban Quan trj m i l u . 'Khoing nam 1960 Sin 1975, hai ben ehua (Hi Chwang vi On Ling) cir ngwdi qua ben, ben nay thi cir 8 ngwdi, cdn bin On Lang thi CU' 7 ngwdi qua Sd. Tai vi Ban Tri sw miiu Nhi Phu cd 15 ngwdi, thi bin niy 7, thi bin kia 8, vi mdt bin 8 ngwdi thi bin Sd cd dng Trwdng ban, nin bin niy ehi cd 7 ngwdi, rdi 4 nim sau Sd, khi chuan bi nhiim ky mdi, thi ben niy se ii 8 ngwdi, cdn ben kia chi ed 7 ngwdi, vi ben niy lin niy li ed dng Trwdng ban"
(Phdng v i n dng T.P.L, 85 tuli, ngay 23/4/2014).
M i l vj than linh dugc dgt thd trong m i l u cd ngay l l via khac nhau. Trude kia "le"
dygc t l chde trong milu, "hpi" dugc tc chde ngoai san m i l u . Cac ngdy le via thu hut ddng dao ngudi Hoa d i n tham dy. VI vdy sdn m i l u dugc xay dyng kha ldn. Tai m i l u Nhi Phu, dien tich ddnh cho sdn m i l u chilm gdn nda didn tich khu vyc m i l u . L l hpl via dng, via Ba d i l n ra trong san m i l u , cung nghinh tugng c i t cua than ra san thydng lam van nghp. Ngdi m i l u ngo cua ngygl Hoa cung thilt k l phan gida nhd cao, hai bdn Ddng sygng (hpi quan) va Tdy sygng (trydng hpc) thap han, vda d l to Idng tdn kinh than Ilnh, vda tgo net dep cho milu. Dey cung la s y lap iai kieu thdc
k i l n true truyin t h i n g cua chiia milu Trung Quoe.
Theo thai gian, ngdi m i l u Nhj phii da d y g c ngydi Hoa Phuc Kiln nhilu t h i he t i l p n i i triing tu, bao t i n . Milu dygc Bd Van hda Thdng tin cdng nhan id dl tich Kiln true - nghe thugt vao nam 1998. Td day, m i l u trd thdnh ngi lui tdi thudng xuydn ciia khach tham quan trong vd ngoai nydc, la nai van eanh cua cac nhdm Hoa t d nhilu vung m i l n d i n chiem ngudng, thyc hanh ddc tin ddi vdi cac t h i n linh d y g c thd t y tgi day. Cho ndn, trong mdt chdng myc nhdt djnh, mieu Nhj Phu cung id ngi lien k i t cac nhdm phygng ngd ciia ngydi Hoa lai vdi nhau.
Tinh lien k i t ndy cdn dugc t h i hipn qua m i i Hen he thydng xuydn gida cdc milu Hoa cua ngydi Phue Kiln d TPHCM vdi cac tinh Tdy Nam Bd. Mang lydi xd hpl nay kha chat ehe, t h i hidn qua cac ngay l l via thdn linh, qua cac djp dgi trung tu, khanh thanh m i l u .
Chde nang lidn k i t xa hpi cua milu da gdp phdn vdo viec eung c l khIl doan k i t gida cac nhdm Hoa theo phygng ngd, gida cac tpc ngydi cpng c y vdi ngudi Hoa d TPHCM va ca nude.
2. VAI T R O C C I A M l t U NHj PHCI Toan thanh phd cd tdt ca 87 ngdi milu cua ngudi Hoa. trong dd rieng nhdm Hoa Phiic Kiln cd 14 ca s d thd ty, chilm ty Ip 16,09% (Vd Thanh Bang, 2008, tr.
282-283). Trong s i ca sd tin ngydng cua ngygi Hoa Phuc Kiln, rieng tai qudn 5 da cd 5 eg sd, trong dd m i l u Nhj Phu Id ngdi m i l u c l xya nhit cua cdng d i n g , chilm vj tri quan trpng trong ddi s i n g ngydi Hea Phiic Kiln g TPHCM xet trdn
BANG HOANG LAN - CHCTC NANG VA VAI TRO CClAMl£U., 2 ITnh vyc chii y l u la ddi s i n g kinh t l vd
xa hdi.
2.1. Trong ddi s i n g kinh t l
Theo quan niem tam Ilnh cua ngydi Hoa, mpi ciia cai cd d y g c la do than iinh ban phat. Ngygi Hoa tin ring mdi n g h i d i u do mdt vj t l n g h i phd trg. Tin ngydng cua ngydi Hoa d TPHCM cd m i i quan hp mgt t h i l t vdi cdc hogt dpng kinh t l . Phin ldn ngydi Hog hogt dgng trong ITnh vyc thuang mai, thudng phai d i i mat vdi nhieu may rui, nen cdu cimg la mot nhu cdu t i t y l u . Hau nhy cdc eg sd kinh doanh cua ngudi Hea, t d nhdng cda hang Idn d i n chile xe day cua ngydi ban hdng rpng, d i u ddnh chd thd ciing Than Tdl, cung nhyng tin ngydng nghe nghlpp ridng bidt. Ngyge Igi, vl nhu c l u tin ngydng nay ma xudt hidn nhilu n g h i kha nhdn nhjp, nhy n g h i lam vang ma, may do mao cho cac d i i tugng thd cung, Idm banh cung, lam nhang, ve tranh kilng cac thdn...
Tai m i l u Nhj Phu, hay cdc ngdi m i l u Hoa khac, da s l thanh vien cua Ban Quan trj m i l u la nhdng nha doanh nghipp thanh dat va cd uy tin trong san xult, budn ban. Ddng ra quan ly milu, cdc thanh vidn d i u phai dam bao va duy tri d y g c cac l l hdi ciing via t h i n linh tgi m i l u . M u l n vgy, phai cd nguin kinh phi thygng xuydn. Nguin ndy do cpng d i n g Hoa Phuc K i l n ddng gdp Id chu y l u , nhyng trygc h i t chinh la t d Ban Quan trj.
Ngdi m i l u , nai thd phung thdn linh, cd vai trd quan trpng trong ddi sing kinh t l cua hp, vi hp tin rang thdn linh se hd trg hp budn may bdn ddt; ngugc Igi cung cd t h i l i y di mpt p h i n Idn ciia cai ciia hg, n i u nhy hg khdng t h i hien Idng tri dn, sy
eham lo cho ngi thd t y t h i n linh dugc khang trang, long lay. Tryde nam 1975, trcng khu vyc Chg Ldn, hay ngogi thanh, vdn cdn thdy cd rudng hogc rdy do ngudi Hoa san xudt. Tin ngydng trong milu vl vdy cung phan dnh tinh hinh nay. Tgl dinh Minh Huang Gia Thanh, cdn ban thd Than Ndng trang trpng dgt tgi chinh dien, hay ban thd Ong Bon tgi milu Nhj Phu. S y quan trpng cua cdng vide lam an budn ban cung phan anh nhu cau gia tang s i lygng Thdn Tdi, qua viec dgt d l them nhilu logi Thdn Tdl, vj thdn linh cd kha ndng bao ho cua cai vd ban phat t i l n bac. Cd T h i n Tai van nhu Tdi Bgch Tinh Qudn, Phiic Ddc Chinh Than, Phgm Lal, Ty Can, Phiic Lpc Thp Tinh Qudn, Tang Phiic Tai Thdn...; Than Tai vd nhu Trieu Cdng Minh, Ngii Ld Tdi Than, Quan Thanh D l Qudn. Ngodi ra, con cd Phgt Di Lac, Than Tdi Am Phil... Tai milu Nhj Phii, vj t h i n linh chinh dugc thd la dng Bin, la "dja chii tai thdn", tde T h i Cdng (Bon O l u cdng) va Than Tdl, dong thdi Id Phiic Ddc Chinh Than. Milu cdn thd ca Quan Thanh Dd Quan, md Quan Thdnh D l Qudn cung dygc ngydi Hoa x I p vdo Ioal T h i n Tdl vo. Hidn tygng thd t y "dja chii tai thdn", gdm Thdn Tai va Tho Oja phan anh quan niem v l ngu hdnh, bao g I m 5 y l u t i : kim, mde, thuy, hda, t h i , trong do cd quan nidm t h i sinh kim. T u duy nay da tdng cd anh hudng ldn trong hogt dgng kinh te, nhit la trong san x u l t ndng nghiep.
Nhu vay, trong than dien ciia mieu Nhj Phu, khat vgng v l tien bgc, tdi lpc, cung nhy dygc phd trg cho ngi sinh s i n g mdi dygc gn i n , chlem vgi trd quan trong nhit. Ngygi Hoa Phuc Kiln d TPHCM
TAP CHl KHOA HOC XA HOl so 2 (193) 2015 Sdng chu yeu bang budn ban, trao d i i
hang hda, ndn tin ngydng cd vai trd quan trpng trong hoat dgng thugng mai cua hp. Vi thd, tlnh chat "thyc dung" cd mat trong ddi s i n g tin ngydng. Milu Nhj Phu thd nhilu vj thdn cimg mdt liic de nham c l u mong d y g c nhilu tdl Idc, nham tranh rui ro trong budn ban.
Hidn tygng "vay t l l n thdn", cdn gpi vay v i n eac than iinh, de lam an budn ban, thygng tap trung vdo cae ngdy l l Idn nhu T i t Nguyen Tieu, via dng B i n . Trong nhdng ngdy Id ndy ngydi Hoa d i n milu, dang le vdt xin phd trg vipc lam an, budn ban, sau dd xin than thdnh cho vay mgt s i t i l n nao dd d l lay may. Tuy ndi Id vay, nhyng hp khdng nhgn t i l n ciia m i l u . Nhung sau mpt nam, than chu se d i n m i l u dang ciing l l vat tg gn va tra lal s l t i l n da vay bdng t l l n mgt thgt. Gan ddy, ngudi Hna cdn gdp hi,ii dng B i n , hui Quan Cdng, hui Quan Am vdo cac ngay via, d l c u l i nam lanh Igi t i l n di tham quan, hpp mat an uIng tgl nhd hang...
Hien tygng thd nhilu thdn tai, vay t l l n thdn, gdp hyl, chdng td tin ngydng cd vai trd, vj tri quan trpng vd khd ddc biet trong ddi s i n g kinh t l cua ngydi Hoa so vdi cdc tgc ngudi khac.
2.2 . Trong ddi s i n g xa hpl.
Tin ngydng thd cung cung la mdt hinh thdc d l ngydi Hoa phin ddu rdn luyen t y each, pham chdt dao ddc ciia minh. M i l met lan dang hygng cung vai, ngudi Hoa d i i mat vdi t h i n linh, nhd ddn pham each cua tdng vj, hp se noi theo tam gygng ay ma dan djnh hinh i l l s i n g dgo ddc.
H i u h i t cdc hpl qudn cua ngudi Hoa d i u ttam gia t d thidn - xa hpi. D i l u nay khdng
phai chi mdi d i l n ra vai chuc nam gan day, ma da d y g c t h i hien ngay t d khi nhdm Hoa Phiic K i l n cd mat tai vimg ddt Gia Djnh. T d ngdi benh vien mang ten Phiic Kiln y vien cua ngydi Phuc Kiln dygc thdnh lap nam 1909, cdn gpi Id Benh vien s i 3 (nay la Bpnh vidn Nguyin Trai), d i n ngdi Phydc Thidn NghTa Td ben trong bdnh vien, vda la t d dudng, vda la nai giup d d cho bdnh nhdn khdng ngudi nudi dudng, benh vidn da t i chde cho cac bdc sT, y sT d i n kham benh, h i t thulc, s i c t h u l c m i l n phi cho ngudi ngheo, phat c h i n qudn ao, vat dpng (Trin Hing Lien, 1999).
Thdng qua cdc c g sd tin ngudng nay, ngudi Hoa lam t d thien. Cdng tac t d thien - xa hpl eua ngdi m i l u theo thdl gian, ddu d y g c tang cudng, md rpng.
Vide nay da lam m d di s y khac bipt v l tgc ngydi, v l tdn giao.
Hdng nam m i l u d i u t l chde cac cuge dau thdu den l i n g . Hogt ddng ndy giiip ngudi Hpg cam nhgn dugc tinh c i k i t cpng d i n g trong xa hpl. S l t l l n ddng gdp t d vide ddu t h i u den ling se dugc diing d l cham sdc sdc khoe, giao due con em ngydi Hoa, ngydi Vidt; ho trg kinh phi cho tre em ngheo hllu hpc... tap d i l u kidn t i t cho cpng d i n g t i n tai, phat triln. Khdng chi dugc s d dung vao viec cham lo cho ngydi s i n g , s i t i l n thu dygc cdn d l cham lo cho ca ngygi da mdt. Cac nghia trang, t d dydng dygc xay dung cung d i u xudt phdt t d nguin ciia cac quy phiic thien nay. Ngay nay, tuc Ip nay dugc thyc hipn vdi s i t l l n d i u gia ngay mpt tang them, trpng 4 nam (2007 - 2012) t i n g t i l n d i u gia cd dygc Id 4.362.750.000 d i n g (Hdi quan Nhj Phu,
5ANG HOANG LAN - CHUC NANG VA VAI JRO CUA Ml6U 2007, tr. 3).
Viec tham gia cac cdng tac t d thidn - xa hpl tai m i l u ngay cang dygc d i y manh, do mde s i n g tdng gia dinh dugc nang cao. Nhilu dja ban thude vting sau, vung xa da dygc Ban Quan trj milu d i n tham vieng, tang qua, tang nha cho cac hd gia dinh ngheo. Cupc phong v i n 444 hd gia dinh ngygl Hoa d TPHCM (thupc cdc qugn 2, 3, 5, 6, 8, 10, Gd V i p vd cac huyen Binh Chanh, Cii Chi, Cdn Gig vao thang 7/2000 (Vo Thanh Bdng, 2008, tr.
282-283) ciing da eho t h i y cd sy d i i mdi trong cac hoat dpng nay. Trude nam 1975, hogt ddng phiic Igi chu y l u t d t i l n cho thud nha va t i l n cimg dydng trong mieu. 'Ngiy trwdc d Say ed tw 5 Sin 7ha nhi eho thue ma, roi Song hwang d ben kia sang Say cw ngp, rdi thui lim an, nam nao minh lim in dwac thi minh vio chua hien mil so tiin cho chiia, roi chiia liy so tien Sd lam qu^ boat Sdng" (Phdng v i n dng T.P.L, ngdy 23/4/2014). Hien nay, hygng dng cdc cupc van dpng dc TPHCM, qudn 5, phydng 14 phat dgng, hpi quan Nhj Phu da tich cyc tham gia ddng gdp vao nhilu logi hinh hoat ddng td thien - xd hgi nhy h i trg xdy nhd tlnh nghTa, nhd tlnh thuang, Quy vi ngydi ngheo, trg c i p mai tdng dan ngheo, trg c i p cho ngydi gla neo dan, h i trg kinh phi eho Hpi Chd thgp dd quan 5 TPHCM, Cham sdc nghTa trang Phiic Kiln tai thanh p h i Bldn Hda.
Mpt can bp thupc Ban Dan tpc TPHCM (trye thugc Ciy ban Nhan nhan TPHCM) nhdn xdt: "Hipn nay cic boat Sdng eiia Hdi quin iy cung ke thira tir ngudn gdc trifde Say, twang tra, ho tro nhau trong cdng sing, gan vdi sw sinh, tao, bpnh, tir.
Gid thi nd gin them vdi nhu ciu hiin nay nhw twang trp, cham io cho cdng Sdng, an sinh xi hdi cua Sia phwang niy ndi rieng vi loan TPHCM ndi chung. Ndi cu thi ra, nd Si vao oil viee khuyin hoc, li mdt ming Idn tir thipn - xa hdi. Tir thien - xa hdi thi khdng phai chi San thuin trong edng Sdng nu'a, ma ci thinh phi, nhu'ng nai khic, ea cic tinh vimg siu, viing xa nira. Bac biet nhiiu nim nay. Si theo chii trwang hwdng dan eua Bang, Nhi nwdc, (ho) Sl xiy ciu xi ming, xay trwdng hpe tai cic vimg Sdng bao cd kho khan, vimg siu, viing xa (...) Ngoai ra, cac Hpi Soan cdn tham gia khim chwa benh, bde thuoe eho nhO'ng ngwdi ngheo, img hd, tai tra cac xa hdi Soin, phit huy bio tdn van hda, rii ung hd cic Chi hdi khuyin hpe si phit huy cic nhin tii" (Phdng v i n ong T.C.V., Ban Dan tpc TPHCM, ngay 30/11/2014).
T d nhdng hpgt dpng xa hpi cua Hpl quan Nhj Phil nhilu nam qua, ngdy 19 thang Gieng nam 2006, Hpi quan Nhj Phu da dygc Chij tjch nydc Cpng hda Xa hdi Chii nghTa Viet Nam tang thudng Huan Chyang Lao dpng hang 111.
KET LUAN
Trpng qua trinh ijch s d di dan ciia ngydi Hoa Phuc Kiln d TPHCM, m i l u Nhj Phu cd chde nang vd vai trd quan trpng trong ddi s i n g cua cpng d i n g va tdng ca nhdn, ddc biet trpng ddi s i n g kinh t l va xa hpi cua ngydi Hoa Phuc Kiln.
Trong qua trinh edng nghipp hda, hidn dgi hda d TPHCM, m i l u Nhj Phu da cd nhdng biln d i i nhy tang cygng hgn nda vide tham gla hogt dpng kinh t l , t d thidn - xd hpi. Day la sy biln d i i theo xu hudng
TAP CHl KHOA HOC XA HQI so 2(198)2015 tich eye, mdt mat nhdm tang cydng mat khac gdp phan vao xu the hpl nhap nhdng hoat dgng kinh t l da dgng, gdp vdi cac nhdm Hoa khac va vdi cdng d i n g vao s y phat trien chung cua thanh p h i ; ngydi Vipt tren manh d i t Viet Nam. a
TAI LIEU TRiCH D A N
1 Trdn HOng Lien. 1999 Phwdc Thipn NghTa Tw. Tap chi Xya va Nay, so 64B thdng 6/1999.
2. Trdn Hong Lien. 2005. Vin hda ngwdi Hoa d Nam Bp. Tin ngwdng tdn giio. Ha NOi: Nxb.
Khoa hpcXa hOi.
3. HOi quan Nhj Phii. 2007. Van kipn Bai hpi dpi biiu Hpi quin Nhi Phii, nhipm kJ XII (2007- 2012).
4. Vo Thanh Bdng. 2008. Tin ngudng dan gian d Thinh pho Hd Chi Minh. TPHCM: Nxb. Ogi hpc QuOc gia.
