N g h i e n e a n - T r a o d o i
BAN VE VAI TRO CUA CONG NGHE
^^ ^<^r TRONG CONG TAC LUU TRU
ThS. N G U Y £ N T R O N G BIEN Hgc vi@n Hanh chinh Quoc gia
I du ba muai nam qua (tu 1986 din nay), thdng lgi cua su nghifip ddi I mdi ddt nudc do Dang Idnh dao da khifin cho b5 mat kinh tfi - xd hgi nudc ta thay ddi r6 rfit: nhieu lihh vyc sdn xudt, kinh doanh phat trifin mgnh, kinh tl vd toan xd hfii phat trifin, ddi song ngudi dan dugc ndng cao,...
Ngay ttt nhung ndm ddu cua sy nghifip dfii mdi ddt nudc, Ddng vd Nha nudc ta da xdc dinh rd: vdn, cong ngh? va qudn Iy Id ba yfiu tl quan tiong, cd tinh quylt dinh dii vdi qud trinh tien hdnh cdi cdch, dii mdi ddt nudc. Trong ITnh vyc kinh tl - xa hgi, "cfing ngji?" da thyc sy thuc ddy su gia tang ciia cdi vdt chat, ndng cao chdt Iugng sdn phdm, ddp ling nhu cdu tieu dtmg ngdy cdng cao cda con ngudi. "Cdng ngh$" dd true tilp tac dOng ndng cao nang sudt lao dgng, giam nhe cudng do lao dgng, gidm chi phi, gia thdnh sdn xuat, giam rd rfit ty le tieu hao vdt chdt, tdng ty lfi chdt xdm trong cau tgo sdn pham,...
Nhilu sdn phdm mdi ra ddi phong phii, da dang, da nang, mau md dep, kich thudc nhd nhe han. Chu ky sdn xudt ciing dugc nit ngan.
Tuy nhifin, tien thuc te "cdng nghfi" d Vi?t Nam cdn nhifiu van dfi cdn bdn bge va phdi con nghifin cttu nhifiu hon ntta mdi ddp iing dugc mong muon cho su hifin dgi hoa - cong nghiep hoa ddt nudc.
Doi vdi ngdnh Luu trtt, sy phat trifin va hien dai hoa cong tac iuu tru cung khong ndm ngodi guong ddi mdi vd sy phdt trifin chung cda ddt nudc. Nhifiu nam gan ddy, nganh Luu trtt ciing dd cd cac chuang trinh, kfi hoach vl khoa hgc cong nghfi tiong luu tru, tuy nhien vific ling dyng vd phdt trifin tien bd cdng
nghfi ttong cfing tdc luu tru nhin chung van cdn nhttng han chl md chiing ta chua dii kien thttc, ktnh nghiem trong chi dao vd td chttc thuc hien. Cong nghe van chua thuc su la yeu to quyet dinh ddi vdi vi$c hi$n dgi hoa cdng tac luu tru. Trong khudn khi bdi vilt ndy, tdc gid xin dua ra mgt sd y kiln tiao ddi vl cong nghe va vai tto cua nd ttong cong tac luu trtt d nudc ta hifin nay.
1. "Cfing nghfi" va y nghta cua "cdng ngh^" trong ddi sing ldnh tl - xa h$i
Cfing nghe (tieng Anh: technology) Id su tgo ra, sir bien ddi, viec sir dung va kien thtic ve cdc cong cu, mdy mdc, ky thugt, ky ndng nghe nghiep, he thong, phuang phdp td chtic, nhdm gidi quyet mpt vdn de, cdi tien mpt gidi phdp dd ton tgi, dgt mpt mue dich, hay thtrc hien mpt chtic ndng cu thi. "Cong nghi"
cUng CO the chi din mpt tap hpp nhirng cdng cu, bao gom mdy moc, nhOng stf sdp xip, hay nhiing quy trinh. "Cong nghfi" dnh hudng dang kfi len khd nang kilm sodt va thich nghi ciia con ngudi cung nhu ciia nhung dfing vat khdc vdo moi tiudng tu nhifin cua minh. Thudt ngtt CO the dugc dung theo nghia chung hay cho nhung Imh vyc cy thi, vi dy nhu "cdng nghe xay dyng", "cdng nghe thfing tm".
Trong tifing Viet cac ttt "khoa hgc", "ky thudt", va "cong nghe" doi khi dugc ddng vdi nghia tuong tu nhau hay dugc ghfip lgi vdi nhau (chdng hgn "khoa hoc k^ thuat", "khoa hgc cdng nghfi", va "k^ thugt cdng ngh?").
Tuy vdy, "cdng nghe" Iai cd nhimg diim khdc vdi khoa hoc' va kvthudt^. Nhung phat triln
"cfing nghfi" gdn day, bao gdm cdng nghe m
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Van thu - Lmi trft Viet Nam ! >9««.Ji?Nghien cuu - Trao doi
an, cdng nghe tiidng tin, cong nghfi vifin thfing (mdy dien thogi vd Intemet) da Idm gidm nhttng ttd nggi vl mdt vgt ly ttong truyfin thdng vd cho phep con ngudi tuang tdc vdi nhau tu do d cdp dO toan cdu. "Cdng ngh?"
tdc dgng Ifin xa h^i vd nhimg gi chung quanh n6 trfin mgt sd phuong dien. 6 nhilu xa hOi,
"cdng ngh?" da giiip tgo ra nhttng nfin kinh tl phdt trifin cao (bao gfim nfin kinh tl todn cdu ngdy nay), ddi sdng kinh tl thay ddi. Nhung ttng dung cdng ngh? khdc nhau c6n tac dgpg den nhung gid tii cua xa hdi vd cdng nghe mdi thudng keo theo nhifiu vdn dl mdi nhin ttt gde dfi xa hdi nhan vdn. 6 nudc ta, phuang chdm phat triln kinh tl phdi dya vdo khoa hgc cfing nghe vd khoa hgc cdng nghfi phai hudng vdo xay dung kinh tl. Dgc biet, ttong ti^o luu hOi nhap qudc te va khu vuc hifin nay, nhilu doanh nghiep dd nhdn thuc Id chi cd ddi mdi cdng ngh? mdi du siic cgnh tianh vd tin tgi dugc tiong nin kinh tl thi trudng. Chii truang dd da thiic ddy vd tgo dilu kifin cdc ngdnh cdc cap, cdc tdng ldp tri thttc, sinh vifin, doanh nhan, ke cd nong dan, ngh? nhdn, chii trang trai,... nghien cuu ttng dyng cong ngh? mdi vd tifip nhdn chuyin giao cfing nghe vdi tinh thdn ldm giau cho minh, cho qufi huong, cdi thi^n difiu kifin lao ddng, tgo ra sdn phdm mdi c6 gia tri cao, phye vy tifiu diing va xudt khdu.
2, Vai tro cua "cong nghe*' trong cdng tdc luu trSt
Nhung ddi mdi "cfing ngh?" ddng kl tiong cdng tac luu trtt hi?n nay dd phdn nao nang cao dugc vai tio ciia cfing tdc luu trtt ddi vdi hogt ddng cua cac ca quan, td chttc va cua cd xd hdi. Gid trj cua tdi lieu Iuu tru dd dugc phat huy, theo diing tinh than cua Nghi quyet Dgi hgi Ddng Idn thu X nam 2006 dd chi ra.
Tuy vgy, dl ddp ung yfiu cdu cao han ntta tigng su nghiep hi$n dai hoa hien nay, cfing ngh§ ttong cong tdc liru tru vdn Id van de can nghifin cuu va quan tdm nhilu hon ntta.
Xet ve vai ttd, "cdng nghfi" cd vi tri quan
trgng vd co tinh quyfit dinh cho sy phdt trifin va hifin dgi hda cdng tdc Iuu trtt. Difiu nay dugc thfi hifin d mdt sd difim sau:
* "Cong nghe" v&i hogt dpng qudn Iy Ddi vdi quan Iy vi mo, stt dyng cdng nghfi thong tin va cong nghfi vien thong sfi giup cac nha qudn ly vT mo nam vttng thyc trgng hoat dgng ciia todn ngdnh Luu trtt d mgi thdi diim, nhu: tinh hinh td chttc bfi mdy, cfing tac cdn bg, hogt dgng nghiep vy, tinh hinh tdi lieu Iuu tru, hogt ddng luu trtt ttong khu vyc va trfin tiie gidi.
Ngodi cfing nghfi thfing tin vd cong ngh^
vifin thong, cong ngh? hanh chinh giup nha qudn Iy nang cao cdc ky nang: ky ndng ddnh gid; \iy ndng xdy dyng va ban hdnh vdn ban; ]sy nang xay dung chifin Iugc, chuang trinh, kl hogch phdt triln nganh; ky nang xay dyng hfi thing t l chuc; ky ndng chi dgo dilu hdnh vTmfi;...
Dfii vdi tttng ca quan, td chuc luu trtt, cong nghfi giup nhd qudn IA^ cfi cdc ky nang:
ky nang dilu hdnh cdng sd; ky nang td chttc va trien khai cdng viec; ky ndng xdy dyng vd td chuc thyc hifin van hoa cong sd; ky nang xdy dyng h? thdng thfing tin; ky ndng tfi chttc tdi li?u tiong kho; ky nang xu 1^ nhung khac bi?t,.... "Cong nghe" giup nhd quan ly ludn kiem soat dugc tinh hinh hogt ddng ttong ca quan vd tinh hinh tai lieu tiong kho luu tru.
*"Cdng nghi" Si v&i chuyen mdn ky thudt luu tru
"Cong nghfi" se giup ty dgng hfia mdt si nghi?p vu Iuu titr md truyin thing xua nay vdn Idm thu cfing, dfing thoi sfi hi?n dgi hda mdt sd khdu ky thudt ttong luu trtt. Cach Idm thu cong se ddn dfin chdm chgp, hieu qua thdp va dfi ddn din sai sdt ttt y chi chu quan cua can bg luu trtt. "Cdng ngh?" se hi?n dgi hoa mdt sd khau nghifp vy: xdc dinh gid tii tdi lieu, bdo qudn tdi lifiu, chuyin tai Ii?u Iuu trtt, tra tim va ldy tai lieu phye vy ban dgc.
Ddi vdi cdng tac bdo qudn tdi lieu - khau
im so 91/3015
I^ghic^n Clin - T r a o doi
nghi?p vy dugc su dyng nhifiu cdng nghe nhdt tiong cdc khau ky thuat nghiep vu luu tiu:
Ngdy nay, nhifiu logi hinh tdi heu dugc hinh thdnh Id sdn phdm ttt nhttng cfing nghfi mdi.
Cdng tdc Iuu tru cung cdn nghifin cttu each thttc, cdng nghfi mdi de bdo quan nhttng logi htiih tai lifiu nay. Cfing ngh? mdi cd tinh quyet dinh ndng cao hi?u qua cdng tdc bdo qudn tai li?u luu trtt. Ddc bifit cdc tifin bg cdng nghfi dugc dp dyng cho viec duy tri tudi thg ciia tai li^u, nhu: thiet bj chuyen dvmg de duy tri chl dg dg dm va nhifit dfi ttong kho luon on dinh theo yfiu cdu cua tttng loai hinh tdi Ii?u; ty dgng hfia cdng viec khtt triing kho vd khtt trung tdi li|u; ty dgng hoa xtt ly nhttng sy co co the xdy ra (hda hogn, thifin tai); cdng ngh? bao ve an ninh kho tang. Trong cdng tdc tu bfi phye chfi ciing cdng cdn nhung cdng ngh? mdi d l ndng cao chdt lugng sdn phdm sau tu bd phye chfi, nhu cfing nghe giay, cdng ngh? in an,...
3. M$t s i d l xak
Nhu tien da trinh bdy, efi the thdy vai ttd cua "cfing nghe" va vi?c dp dyng efing ngh?
mdi ttong cdng tac Iim trtt la rat quan trgng vd c ^ thilt. Nhung "cdng ngh?" tifin bg vd hifin dgi khdng chi ldm sfing Iai vdi khi thi mdi, ddy hap din ttong nhifiu Imh vyc sdn xudt kinh doanh, md ngay cd cdc Iinh vyc chuyen mfin khfing phai la san xudt kinh doanh, nhu cfing tdc luu trtt,... Ap dyng "cfing ngh?" ttong cfing tdc luu trtt se ldm tdng ndng Iyc va hieu qua ndng lyc mgi hogt ddng ttong cfing tdc Iuu tru.
De dat dugc mue tieu "cdng nghe" ttong cdng tdc luu tttt thdt sy la yfiu td quyfit dinh cho sy nghidp phat trifin cdn Iuu y difiu chinh mdt sd nhttng t i n tgi sau day:
Thu nhdt, xet ve ndng Iyc cfing nghe: C) gfic d0 ndng Iyc, "cdng ngh?" ddp ung nhu cau qudn ly va chuyen mdn nghifp vy cdn roi rgc, lfi tfi, quan ly vT md cdn bj dgng, lung tung khdng cd sy hen ket trong todn ngdnh Luu tru.
Vi dy: Hoat ddng chuyfin mfin nghi?p vy Iuu trtt cdn tuy thudc tung dieu kifin ciia moi nai,
ddn d i n thuc hien cdc quy dinh ve ky thudt nghifp vy khdng thdng nhdt, ty phdt, nhdt Id d cac Iuu trtt co quan. D l tiidng nhdt dugc cac hogt dgng chuyfin mdn nay, viec lifin ket "cfing nghf" gitta cac nci tiong toan ngdnh la rdt cdn titilt. Thyc tfi khdng ai cd thi dfin tung kho Iuu trtt trang bi "cfing nghf" thay cho bdn thdn hp dugc, nhung d tdm qudn li^ vT md, vi Igi ich todn eye, cdn difiu chinh bdng cdc chinh sdch, bifn phdp cdn thilt de ngdn chdn sy tyt hgu, ty phdt. Nhd nudc cdn cfi cdc chuang trinh, kl hoach dp dyng cfing ngh? mdi cho todn nganh.
Vin dfi nay cdn ndm tiong chinh sdch phdt triln khoa hgc cfing nghf cua ngdnh noi chung.
Thti hai, cac co quan, td chuc luu trtt c ^ phai chu ddng ddu tu "cdng nghe" diing mue cdn thilt, dfing thoi, irifit bfi quan n i ^ luu tru la thtt ylu, cdc chinh sdch khoa hgc cong nghf ve cdng tdc Iuu tru chua dugc quan tam diing mttc (trtt nhttng trudng hgp cdc ea quan, td chttc da cd tiong cdc dy an khdc, nhu dy dn xay kho mfii, try sd mfii). Bfin canh dd, cdc ca quan, tfi chttc luu tru cung cdn Iuu y trdnh nhdp nhiing cfing ngh? Igc hdu, cdng nghf khfing thich hgp, hifu qud "cfing nghe" khfing cao va khfing hifu qua.
D I "cfing nghf" tiong cdng tdc Iuu trtt ddp ling dugc yfiu cdu hifn dai hda cfing tdc luu trft vd yeu cdu hifin dai hda d i t nudc, tdc gid xin co mOt sd kien nghi sau:
- Tren ca sd nhiing chu truang cua Ddng, chinh sdch cua Nha nudc ve khoa hgc vd cfing nghf, ngdnh Luu tru cdn xdy dyng mgt chinh sach phdt trifin khoa hgc cdng nghf ttong Imh vyc Iuu trtt. Vfi nghifin cttu khoa hgc, ndi dimg nghien khoa hgc cdng nghf phye vy nghifip vy Iuu trtt, gfim cdc vdn d l v l thilt bj cfing nghf bdo qudn tai Heu, qudn ly tai lifu Iuu trtt.
- Td chttc bd may nghifin cttu khoa hgc cdng nghf mgt cdch cd hf thdng; t ^ trung nghien cihi cdc de tdi khoa hgc hudng vao vifc chuan hoa cdng ngh? va ky tiiudt luu ti^. Tai mdi...
(Iiep theo trang 15) Van t h u - Luu t r u Vi^t Mam s6 9/St <
N g h i e n c u n - T r a o doi cdc phuang dn gidm bot nhan vien dugc dp dyng. Hifn nay, cdc doanh nghiep mgnh dan hon ttong vifc gidm bot nhdn vien do Bdo hilm thdt nghifip dd chia sfi trdch nhifm ddng ke etta doanh nghifp dfii vdi ngudi lao ddng. Tuy nhifin, ttt gde dg trdch nhifm xd hgi etta doanh nghifp va xet tinh nhdn van cua gidi phdp thi vifc cat gidm nhdn vien nen suy xet thgn ttgng.
Dfi ddm bdo phdt trien bfin viing, cdc doanh nghiep nen chu ttgng toi nang cao chat lugng hogt ddng van phdng theo huong hifu qud va tifit kifm. Cdc bifn phdp dfi gidi quyfit thyc chdt ttong hogt ddng vdn phdng nfin dugc chu ttgng han la nhung phuang dn dii phd tgm thdi a
Ghi chd:
B ^ vi€t ivqc cong b6 liin diu t^i H^i thao
"Quan tri vSn phdng doanh nghidp - Tur Ij/ lu$n den thi^ tien" do Tnrong D?i hpc Khoa hpc Xa h$i vk NhSn vka ph6i hpp t6 chiic v6i Hgi cdc nh4 quan tri doanh n ^ ^ , Ha Ngi, Ihang 4/2013. C&c s6 li^u trong b&i vi^ do doanh nghi$p cung c ^ nhung khflng neu tSn de ddm bao yeu diu khuylt danh.
Til li^u tham khio:
1. TS. Nguyen Li^n Huong, Ths. Trin Quang Hflng: TS chuc laa dpng khoa HQC va trang thiet bf van phong, Tdp bai giang, Tnr^rag D?i hgc Khoa hoc Xk h§i vk Nhan vSn, 2005.
2. Ph^m Thi Di^u Linh: Td chiic lao dpng khoa hpc trong van phong, gido kn, Tru&ng D^i hgc Khoa hpc Xa hfli vi NhSn viin, 2007.
3. Cfic website:
http://www. businessmanagementdail y com/
office-management
http: //www. wisegeek.com/what-is-office- adm inistration.htm
B A N V E V A I T R O . . . (dip theo trang 8) ...ca quan td chttc luu trtt cdn cd bd phgn khoa hgc cong nghf cd chttc nang nghifin cuu, dp dung va chuyen giao cfing nghf.
- Tang cuong cfing tdc ddo tao, bdi dudng cong chttc, vifin chttc Iuu trtt. Da Id cfing nghf thi ciing bao gdm ca thilt bj vd theo dfi la nhiing tai lifu, nhihig kiln thuc, nhiing ky ndng, ca cac bi quyet tfii cdn thilt nfin rdt cdn di kem cac hogt dgng ddo tao, bdi dudng. Ap dyng cdng nghe, ddi mdi cdng nghf cdt Id san phdm tit hon va cung Id ddi mdi each td chuc, phuang thttc lao dgng nhdm tgo ra ndng sudt, chdt lugng, hifu qud cao hon, tuc la ham Iugng cdng nghf tang them. Bdi vgy cdng tac ddo tgo bii dudng se ttang bi kifin thtte khoa hgc cdng nghfi dl cdn bd Iuu tru lam chtt dugc cdng nghf, ddc bift Id cfing nghf cao.
4. Kit lu^n
•\^fit Nam dang dien ra qua trinh dfii mfii khoa hgc vd cfing nghf. Qua trinh do bao gim nhilu mgt, nhimg tap trung chtt y vdo dii mod cfing nghe, nhap cdng nghfi mdi, cdi tifin vd sdng tgo ra cdng nghf. Nd dugc dien ra rdng khap d mgi ngdnh, mgi nghfi, mgi ITnh vyc ttong doi sdng xd hfii. Cfing nghf frong luu trtt khdng ndm ngodi qud trinh dd. Hy vgng cfing tdc luu trtt d nudc ta tilp tuc kl thtta nhihig thanh tyu ma cdng nghe dang dem lai, qua dd co nhttng dinh hudng phdt triln cdng tdc khoa hgc cdng nghf de cfing nghfi frong cdng tac lim tru ddp ttng dugc yen can hifn hda cdng tdc Iuu trtt ndi rifing va dai hoa ddt nudc ndi chung D
Chu thich:
1. Khoa hpc la toan b$ ho^t dpng c6 h§ thflng nh3m xay dung vi tS chuc kien thuc duoi hinh thiic nhiing l£ri giai thich vi tien doan c6 th6 kiem Ira dupc vk vu try.
2. Ky thu^t li vi|c ung dyng kiln thitc khoa hpc, kinh t^, xa hfli v i thi;c tiln de thifit k6, xiy dyng, duy tri cic ciu tnic, miy m6c, thilt bj, h?
th6ng,vath^...
Tii lifu tham ktaao:
1. Luit sfl 01/2011/QH13 cua Quoc hpi: Lu|it Luu trii 2011 ZLual sfl 29/201iQH13 cua QuflchM: Luit Khoatocva Cong n ^ 2 0 1 3
Jim so 0/20IS 15
