VAN HQA DUONG DAI
PHAT TRIEN DU LICH BEN V Q N G
d LANG CO DlTdNG LAM y?
DAO DUY TUAN
Du Ijch ben viifng Qaoc hieu Id hoat dong khai thac CO qudn ly cdc gia trj tu nhien
va nhan van nham thoa man nhu cau da dang cua du khach; quan tam den cac loi ich kinh te dai han, trong khi vin dam bao su dong gop cho bao ton va ton tao cac nguon tai nguyen, duy tri duoc su toan ven ve van hoa de phat trien boat dong du lich, bao ve moi trudng va gop phan nang cao muc song ciia cong dong dja phuong. Xu tlie phat trien du lich ben vimg khong phai bien tuong mang tinh phong trao, nhat thdi, ma la mot doi hoi co tinh khach quan, CO y nghia quan
trong doi v6i su phat trien ben viifng
ciia xa hoi, quoc gia, cong dong.
Nhumg gia tri di san lang cd d Dudng Lam
Gid tri lich sif
Vung ddt Dudng Lam la ddu tfch minh chflng cho qua trinh hinh thanh va phat tridn eua mdt lang Viet cd vdi cac di tfch nhu gd Ma Ddng (ddu dn ciia van hda Phiing Nguyen thudc so ky thdi dai ddng each ngdy nay khoang 4.000 nam);
di tfch ldng cd Mdng Phii (ddu tfch eua van hda Son Vi thudc hau ky da cu). Ben canh dd, nhflng thie't che' xa hdi, tin ngudng vd van hda cdn tdn tai da phan dnh kha ddy dii ldi sd'ng, sinh hoat vd td ehflc xa hdi cua cdng ddng dan cu...
Day la vung dat sinh ra nhflng ngudi con uu ttj, anh hung va danh
nhan ciia dan tdc nhu Phiing Hung, Ngd Quydn = anh hung eflu nudc;
Tham hoa Giang Van Minh nha ngoai giao tai ba, dung lupc; ba chiia Mi'a Nguydn Thj Ngpc Lieu ngudi cd cdng xay dung va phat tridn cdc ldng cd d day; Phan Ke Toai quan kham sai dai thdn Bdc Ky; Kidu Oanh Mau ngudi cd cdng hieu dfnh Truyin Kieu ciia Nguydn Du...
Cd the ndi, Dudng Lam gid'ng nhu mdt kho tu lieu luu gifl nhung gid trj ljeh sfl dac biet quy hiem cua xfl Dodi ndi chung va dat nudc ndi rieng, do vay can dupc bao tdn.
Gid tri ve cdnh quan sinh thdi Dudng Lam la dja danh cd vj the' ddc dja theo the' tpa son vpng thuy, lung tua vao nui Tan, mat hudng ra
Quang cdnh long Mong Pliu. Anti Tudn Binh
Thang 11-2011
So 329 U l
VAN H(^A NGHI^ THUAT TROMC MUt^C sdng Hdng. Dia hinh mang dang ddp canh quan cua vimg ban sdn dia vdi nhflng ddi gd, rdc sdu, rudng ven sdng. 1 lien nay, cac dia danh Dudng Lam, Cam Ldm, Mdng Phu, Phii Khang... cdn nhu in ddu aii cii;i nhung ddi gd vd canh rflng xira. Gia tri ddc daci cua Dudng Ldm cdn Id khdng gian canh quan dac sac ricng cd vdi nhflng dudng ldng, ngd xdm nhd be, tinh mjch khoac mdt mau loang Id cua da ong trdm mac.
Gid Iri kie'n true
Trai qua bao thang trdm, Dudng Lam vdn luu gifl dupc hinh anh cua ngdi lang cd Vidt Nam vdi cay da, gidng nudc, ao sen, nhung ngd xdm, mai ngdi, tudng da ong va cac cdng trinh kien true cd xua trong mdt khdng gian sinh hoat cdng ddng mang dam ban sdc ciia mdt ldng thudn ndng, da'u an ndn van minh lua nude.
Theo thd'ng ke ctia vien Bao ldn di tfch, ldng Dudng Lam hien cdn luu gifl dupc nhidu ngdi nhd cd hdng tram nam tudi (Mdng Phu khoang 100, Cam Thjnh cd 15, Dodi Gidp Id 7, Cam Lam 10, Ddng Sang 37 nhd). Trong dd nhd cd nien dai tren 200 nam chie'm khoang 5%, cdn lai chd yeu Id tren dudi 100 nam, dupc xay dtmg bang cac chat lieu vd'n cd sdn d dja phuong nhu: tre, gd, dd ong, ddt nung, dat nen...
theo ldi kie'n true ddc ddo. Cd ngdi nhd 5 hang, 4 hang, 3 hdng chan edt, qud giang rdn edt vdi nhflng vi keo ke chuydn, chdng rudng, cfla bfle bdn bdng gd dac...
Ben canh ngdi nhd, ngudi dan noi day cung rat coi trpng quy hoach khdng gian chung.
Trong quy hoach khdng gian, ngudi dan Dudng Lam rdt chu trpng de'n vj tri dinh lang. Hp Idy dinh la tam didm, tfl dd quy hoach theo ldi lan tda ra cae hudng, cung nhu quy tu dupc mpi con dudng vd day. Dac biet, du xudt phdt d didm nao (den hoac di) tren dudng ldng, khdng bao gid quay lung lai mdt each trirc dien vdi hudng chfnh cua dinh. Chfnh ldi ki^n true nay da gdp phdn gia tang tfnh cd ke't cdng ddng cua ngudi dan vd tao mdt khdng gian thodng mat.
Gid tri vdn hda
Dudng Lam hien cdn luu gifl dupc cdc chflng tfch van ttr cd ghi chep thdn pha cua ldng, gia pha ddng hp, gia dinh, bia ky, hoanh
phi cdu ddi, truydn thuydt, cd tfch, ca dao, nhflng sinh hoat tfn ngfldng nhu Id hdi dinh, ddn, chua, hoat ddng cua mdi ddng hp, phudng hdi, phe giap, trd choi dan: bdt vjt, ddnh du, hat nha trd, rude ddn, cd ngudi, ehpi ga... dam chStt van hda dai dien cho lang que vung chau thd Bdc Bd.
Ngoai ra, Dudng Lam vdn cdn luu gift duoc ndn van hda dm thuc hdt sflc phong phti vdi ga Mia, chd tuoi Cam Lam, tuong Mdng Phu, keo bdt Ddng Sang va dua gang Nam Nguydn...
Thirc trang phat tridn du lich d Dirdng LAm
Thi trudng khdch
Tfl khi dupc cdng nhan la di tfch kidn true - nghe thuat cdp qudc gia nam 2005, cac ldng c6 Dudng Lam da trd thanh didm thu hut khach du ljeh. Sd lieu cua Ban quan ly di tfch lang c6 Dudng Lam (1) cho thdy mfle tang trudng v^
khdch trung binh dat 49,6%/nam (khach du Ijch qud'c td chidm khoang 40% 41% tdng sd khdch). Tfnh trung binh mdt ngay cd khoang 300 500 lupt khdch ghe tham lang cd Dudng Lam. Udc tfnh 9 thang ddu nam 2011, cd khoang 46.000 lupt khach. Trong co cdu khach qudc te', ddi tupng ddn tfl cac qudc gia trong cdng ddng Phdp ngfl (Phap, Canada, Hd Lan, Bi, Thuy Si, Luxambua...) chidm 50% (Phap la 40%, Nhat Ban 14,3%, Anh 12^f, My 4,2%...).
Khdch ndi dja de'n vdi Dudng Lam chti ydu la tham gia Id hdi, tham quan cdc di tfch van hda Ijch su. Hdu he't du khach de'n tfl Ha Ndi va cac dja phucmg lan cdn nhu Phu Thp, Vinh Riuc, Hda Binh...
Thu nhdp du lich
Ngudn thu chu y^u tfl hoat ddng du Uch b lang cd Dudng Ldm la sd tidn tfl ban ve tham quan thdng canh. Tfl nam 2008, Ban quan 1^
lang cd Dudng Ldm chinh thflc thu tidn ve tham quan vdi mfle gid ddng hang cho ngudi ldn la 15.000 ddng, tre em 7.000 ddng. Thd'ng kd so bd 9 thang ddu nam 2011 thu dupc 700 tridu ddng, tang 66% so vdi cung ky nam 2010.
Ben canh dd cdn cd ngudn thu tfl hoat ddng djch vti bd sung nhu phuc vii an udng, hudng ddn vidn, bdn cac dac san lang qud... NhOng '••So 329
:•! Thang 11-2011
VAN HOA BLjgNG DAI hoat ddng nay bude ddu ed tac ddng tfch cue
de'n viec chuydn ddi co cdu kinh td dja phuong va cai thien chat lupng cudc sd'ng cua ngudi dan.
Ca sd vdt chd't ky thudt
Khach du ljeh de'n ldng cd Dudng Lam se ed nhidu su lira ehpn, hp cd thd nghi tai trung tam thj xa Son Tay vdi 5 khdch san 1 sao vd tren 30 nhd nghi dat tieu chudn kinh doanh luu tru, hoac nghi lai trong cdc ngdi nhd cd. Theo sd lieu cua Ban quan ly di tfch ldng cd Dudng Lam, thi sd lupng nha nghi d day gdm:
Dia diem Mdng Phu Cam Thjnh Ddng Sang Phti Khang Cam Lam Dodi Giap Hung Thinh Ha Tan Van Mieu Tdng sd:
Sd lirpng nha 350 182 425 340 122 214 130 67 108 1934
Sdlupng nha cd
140 17 26 13 11 8 4
213 Hien nay, mdt sd cdng ty du Ijch da khai thdc gia trj cua mdt sd ngdi nha cd vao phiic vti nhu cdu cua khach nhu nghi trua, nghi lai qua dem tai phdng phu ndng vd dja chu. Day la nhdm san phdm tao mdt trai nghiem thu vj vd ddi sd'ng ndng thdn that gdn gui, nhung khdng kem phdn tien nghi, dupc nhidu du khdch lira ehpn.
Ben canh nhu cdu nghi ngoi, du khach cdn dupc thudng thflc cac mdn an truydn thdng mang dac trung van hda vung. N^u nam 2000, trong lang chi cd duy nha't gia dinh anh Hd Nguyen Huydn d xdm Sui td chflc ddn tidp va phtic vu an udng, den nay da cd hon 10 hd tham gia kinh doanh djch vti (chu ydu la cdc hd d Mdng Phil va Ddng Sang). Thdng 4-2011, Cdng ty cd phdn du Ijch lang cd Dudng Lam do 2 hd gia dinh ba Nguydn Thj Thu vd dng Nguydn van Vttng (thdn Mdng Phti) chfnh thflc di vdo hoat ddng dudi sir hd trp cua Ban quan ly di tfch
vd Hidp hdi lfl hdnh Vidt Nam. Didu nay ddnh da'u sir chuyen mdn hda trong hoat ddng kinh doanh du Ijch cua ngudi dan, cung cdp cdc thdng tin chi'nh xac, ddy du tdi khdch.
Tfl ddu nam 2011, mdt sd hoat ddng vui choi giai trf dupe td chflc va dua vdo phuc vu khdch du Ijch: tham quan ldng ed bdng xe dap, trai nghiem ddi sd'ng cua ndng dan nhu trdng rau, day ndu eac mdn an Viet, thi tat nudc bdng gdu sdng, thdi com, cdy liia...
Bao tang gia dinh dang la md hinh ddc ddo vd trd thanh san phdm du ljeh bd sung quan trpng trong chuong trinh tham quan ldng cd Dudng Lam. Gia dinh bd Ha Thj Didn dupc lira ehpn la noi trung bay ede trang phuc truydn thd'ng nhu ydm, do cdnh, khan dai ydm, rudt tupng... D6 luu niem, cac mdn qua, dac san que... dupe bdn tai nhflng sap hdng trong chp Mia vd cae qudn nude nhd ven dudng.
Ngudn nhdn luc du lich
De'n nay, hoat ddng du Ijch tai cdc ldng cd d Dudng Lam chua thtrc sir phdt tridn tuong xiing vdi tidm nang. Trong lang cd duy nhdt 1 don vj kinh doanh Id Cdng ty cd phdn du ljeh ldng c6 Dudng Lam, vdi khoang 10 lao ddng true tiep dupc tuydn ehpn va dao tao ngdn han. Sd lupng trong dp tudi lao ddng cua lang khoang hon 3.000 ngudi, cd the trd thdnh luc lupng bd sung, tuy nhien ddi ngu tham gia vdo hoat ddng du ljeh cdn han chd. Hien khdng cd hudng ddn vien du ljeh nao dupc cdp the, trinh dp ngoai ngfl cua thuydt minh vien chua dupc chu trpng nen kha nang giao tidp cdn nhidu han chd.
Sau thdnh cdng cua hdi thao nam 2008, thi Ban qudn ly ldng cd Dudng Lam da ehpn thdng 8 hang nam dd td chflc ngdy hdi phdt tridn du ljeh vd tie'n hdnh cdc cudc hdi thao vdi nhflng ndi dung tang ddn vd mfle dd chuyen nghiep, di sau vdo tflng ky nang phiic vii cti thd: nam 2008, hudng ddn, hd trp nang cdp cd sd ha tdng, vat chat va ky nang phtic vti td chflc ddn tid'p du khdch; nam 2(X)9, hudng ddn na'u cdc mdn an truydn thdng, im tien cdc mdn chay; nam 2010, tu vdn va hudng ddn trang tri ndi thdt ngdi nhd, bai trf phdng an; nam 2011, ngudi dan Eifldng Lam dupc ddo tao va hudng ddn ky nang vd Sd 329 DTf Thang 11-2011
VAN H(^A N^HI^ THUAT TROMC MUIB'C phiic vu loai hinh du lich home stay vd trai nghiem ndng thdn... Cac Idp bdi dudng, tap hudn nang cao ky nang ndy thu hiit ddng dao ngudi dan tham gia tfch circ va hdo hflng. Day dupe coi Id mdt hudng di diing ddn, cho tha'y sir nhan thflc vd vai trd ciia nhan luc trong kinh doanh du lich dupc ngay cdng dupc nang cao.
Cong ldc qudn ly, khai thdc vd bdo tdn di sdn Vide nghien eflu va xdc dinh cac tieu chf ciia qua trinh phat tridn bdn vung la rdt quan trpng, dira vao kd't qua dd, cac nha quan ly cd thd xay dung dupc nhung chfnh sach va giai phap phii hpp dd didu chinh hoat ddng kinh doanh du ljeh. Bang danh gia tdng hpp cac chi tieu tren quan didm phat tridn bdn vflng d lang cd Dudng Lam tfl nam 2005-2010 (2) cho thdy hidn nay, cdng tac quan ly di san d ldng cd Dudng Lam cdn nhidu bdt cap, sir chdng cheo va khdng thd'ng nhdt la nguyen nhan co ban khidn viec sfl dting tdi nguyen chua hieu qua. Viec khai thac cdc tai nguyen chua tao dupc mdi quan he nhjp nhdng vd ddng bd gifla ddu tu ciia nhd nudc vd nhflng ngudn vd'n xa hdi hda. Viec phan cdp quan ly gifla khai thac vdi cdng tdc bao tdn vd quan ly hdnh chfnh chua thd'ng nha't, pham vi trach nhiem ehua rd rdng da gay trd ngai cho hoat ddng kinh doanh du ljeh. Cae cdp quan ly d dja phuong chua cd du thdm quydn dd xay dung mdi trudng thuan lpi cho viec phdt tridn du ljeh, cung nhu thu hut cdc nha ddu tu ddn vdi Dudng Lam. Quan trpng hon Id chua cd mdt ban quy hoach cu thd viec phdt tridn du ljeh long ghep chat che gifla bao tdn, tdn tao va phat huy di san vdi viec dam bao cudc sdng cho ngudi dan ndi day. Chi khi ndo giai quydt dupc nhiing vdn dd dd, ngudi dan mdi tu giac, tfch circ tham gia vao cac hoat ddng du ljeh.
Cd mdt thtrc td la viec khai thac ngudn tdi nguyen ndy dang bdc Id nhidu bdt cap, viec quan ly khdch cdn long leo, ben canh dd la tinh trang xud'ng cdp cua cdc ngdi nhd cd. Trong con ldc dd thj hda va nhu cdu dan sinh, phat trien djeh vu d day dang thirc sir dd'i mat vdi nhidu vdn dd bat cap anh hudng ddn cdng tdc bao tdn di tfch. Trong chidn lupc phdt tridn ciia thj xa Son Tay xac djnh, Idy du Ijch la ngdnh kinh t^
chu dao cho chuydn ddi co ca'u, ngudn th chfnh cho cdng tdc bao tdn vd phdt huy gid ti di san, nhung ddn nay ldm sao dd ngudi d4i thuc sir hudng lpi tfl di san vdn khidn cdc nh, quan ly dau ddu. Ben canh dd do tfnh chit quan thidu chuyen nghiep trong viec gin gifl, bao tdi vd khai thdc cdc gid trj van hda, nen hdu hdt cat tidm nang du ljeh tai Dudng Lam chua duot khai thac mdt cdch triet dd vd cd hieu qua.
Di ldng cd Dudng Ldm dupc bao tdn nhu mdi thuc thd sd'ng ddng vdi cdc gid U-j kidn tnic, m) thuat, phong tuc, cdn tao didu kidn giiip ngucn dan ed them thu nhap, dn djnh cudc sdng, bdng each xay dimg nhidu chuong trinh va nhflng sao phdm du ljeh mang tfnh bdn vung tfl cdng ddng dd ngudi dan dupc hudng Ipi xflng ddng •
D.D.T
I. Tdng truong sd' luong khach tham quan lang cd
Du6ng Lam i
Loiii k h a c h
Tring
sd Qu6i.
Id NOi dju
2 0 0 5
4.(XN)
7(K)
33(K) 2 0 0 6
.S.fiCX)
l.(KX)
4.6(K) 2 0 0 7
I2.IMX)
4X00 7 2UI
2008 1.1.900
.SHIK K.()62
2009 20.0(¥)
K.720 11 2Xti
2010
ynjooo
12.900
17.100
nttm
46.000
20i«1
25,760
2. Bang danh giu tdng hop cac chi tiiu ph^l tri^n bh vOng 6 ling cd Dudng Uim
Cic titu chi cu ban
Cic tiiu chi ben vdrng vt kinh U - St^ Itnmg khach qu^V: id - S 6 Iwmg k h i c h nAi dja
- T>'ng thu n h i p du Ijch (Ixin vc Ihani quan)
- S<S lin.ing ci> sii dich v^ du lich - Sii lining lao dAng du lich
C 4 c lidu chi bdn vOlig vd T N M T - Ty \i Ciic didm du lich chu yi^u duiic diiu III lAn lifu vi ha<> trin - I'y li^ c i c khu, didm du l|ch chii ydu duiic diiu tu quy h(>fch hao irin v ^ p h i l huy g i i tri
- A p l^rc Idn m6i lru6ng ii c i c khu.
didm du Ijch chinh
- Ci/frng dft hnal dAng lai cic didm du Ijch chfnh
Cic lidu chf bdn viltng vd VH-XII - Tic dAng tidu cttc ddn xi hAi tir du Ijch
- Miic dA hii Iring v i h<,ip tic cua cAng dring dAi vdi cac hoai d^ng dii lich ft mAt sri didm chfnh
Miicd^
Ting 7(1.9')l/nim T i n g 4 V I ' . M i m Ting l6,'"./nSm Ting ,SK.6'»/nim 0^n ft. chin huy dAng dtR,ic lao d(>ng dAi du Imng khu v\ic tham gia du lich
Da diu IU lAn tao dmic S^^ didm dmic QH chidm
< 50';(
Lunng khich lip trung dAng, lucmg xa lliii ling l£n. i p luc vd ngurin cung ci'p nu6c sach...
Cmfmg dA cao via miia chfnh
Gii c i ling, hin sSc VH mai mAt, Ir6 cd bac in lidn da xuii hidn trong cic djp Id hAi d jing...
Chi 20% hii lAng v i s£n sing hop tic
Dinbgii Bdn viing BdnvSng..
Bdnviiag Bcnvflag Khdng hen viing
Bdn viing KhAog bdn viing KhAng bdn viing
KhAng'' j)d£van£_
KhAng hdn viing
KhAng hdn viing
So 329
Thang 11-2011
