HQI NGHI KHOA HQC T O A N Q U 6 C V £ SINH THAl VA T A I N G U Y £ N SINH VAT L A N THtJ 5
THANH P H A N L O A I CHAN K H 6 P
DA PHAT HIEN TREN CAY CHE 6 VIET NAM
PHAM VAN LAM Hgi Cdn trung hgc Vi?t Nam Cay che co nguon goc d viing Dong Nam A, dugc trong va sii dyng de Idm nuac uong tir truac Cong nguyen. Vai lich sir phdt sinh vd ton tai lau doi, tren cay che dd hinh thdnh mOt tap hap chan khap khd ddc trung. Thanh phan sdu hai che va thien dich cua chiing da dugc nghien ciru a nhieu nuac nhu Nhdl Ban, Malaysia, Dong Bdc An Dp, Trung Quoc, Afghanistan, Thai Lan,... (Kakoty, 1984; Sivapalan e/a/., 1980).
6 nuoc ta, thdnh phan sau hai che dugc nghien cu'u ddu lien tai Phu Hg (Pasquyer, 1932), sau do dugc digu tra a todn mien Bdc ndm 1967-1968 va a viing che Ldm Dong nam 1977-1979 (Vien Bdo ve thuc val, 1976, 1999). Ngodi ra, con co cdc ghi nhdn vg thdnh phdn sdu hai che trong nhirng nghign ciru chuyen dg ve cdy che. Trong digu kien tham canh hien nay, thanh phan sau hai cdy che da co nh&ng thay doi, song chua dugc cap nhat. Mat khde, chua co mgt nghifin ciru chuyen nao ve thanh phan thien djch cita sdu hai cay che. Nhung ddn lieu vg thdnh phan thien dich tren cdy che chi dugc cong b6 tan man trong nhilu nghien ciru khac nhau. Trong khi do, tinh da dang lodi chdn khap dong vai tro rdt quan trpng trong phong chong sdu hai theo hudng ben vifng (Wilb;y el al. 2002). De lgi dung tinh da dang Iodi chan khop trong phong chong sdu hai cay che cdn phdi nghien ciru vk t^p hpp chdn khap trong he sinh thdi cay che. B^i viet nay cung cap mot so kel qua nghien ciru nhdm Idm phong phu them nhifng hieu biet ve tinh da dgng lodi chan khap tren cay che a Viel Nam.
I. PHUONG PHAP NGHIEN CUtJ
Tign hanh dieu tra djnh ky 10 ngdy mgt Idn dg thu thanh phan cac Ioai chan khap tren cdy che. T?i m6i dia diem nghien ciru, chgn 3 khu nuon^vuan che dai dien cho cdc yeu to canh tde vd sinh thdi. Tren m6i nuotig/vuon che da chgn tign hdnh digu tra ngau nhien a 5 dilm. Thu thap l6i da cac loai chan khop bdt ggp trong cac dilm dieu tra. Mdu vdt thu dugc dem veph6ng thi nghiem de Idm mdu (ngu mau thu thap Id pha truong thdnh) hoac tigp tuc nuoi den pha truang Ihanh (neu mdu thu thap la cac pha truac truang thdnh). Dong thai thu tSl cd cac pha phat trien (trung, du triing...) cua sau hai che dem ve phong nuoi theo doi ky sinh cua chung.
Ten khoa hpc cua cdc loai chan khop thu thap tren cay che dugc dinh danh bang tai lieu phSn loai sdn c6, dong thdi doi chieu vai mau vdt goc dugc luu giu trong bg suu lap con trung dang bao quan tai Vien Bao ve thuc vgt. Mau rep sap duoc giri cho chuyen gia nude ngoai gidm dinh.
n . KET QUA NGHIEN CUtJ
1. So lupng loai chan khdp da thu thSp du'p'c tren cay che
Trong thdi gian tir nam 2006-2011 da tiln hanh thu thap tap hpp lodi chan khdp tgi ck vimg trong che chinh nhu Thdi Nguyen, Phu Thp, Yen Bai, Tuyen Quang, Ha Giang, Hoa Binh, Nghe An, Lam Dong... Hang ngdn mdu vat da thu thdp vd xdc dinh dugc 166 loiii chdn khdp thugc 13 bp thugc Idp Con trung vd lap Hinh nhen. Cdc Ioai chdn khdp da thu thdp dugc tap trung nhilu nhdt d bg Nhen Idn bdt mdi vdi 67 lodi (chigm 40,4% long so Iodi). Dirng thiir hai vd thii ba vg s6 lugng loai dd thu thdp la bg Canh ciing, bg Cdnh d^u (tuang ling) vdi 21 loai (chilm 12,7% long sd Ioai) va 18 Iodi (chilm 10,9% tdng so loai).
530
HQI NGHj KHOA HQC T O A N Q U O C V £ SINH THAI V A TAl N G U Y £ N SINH VAT LAN THO' 5 Cdc bp con Iai khac co sd loai da ghi nhan dugc it ban, ddc biet bp Bg ngua vd bg Cdnh gilng mdi bp mdi ghi nhan dugc I loai. Da giam djnh dugc ten khoa hpc cho 107 lodi, chilm 64,4% ldng so lodi thu thdp (bang 1).
So lirptig lodi chan khdp da thu thap dirtfc tren cay che (2006-2011)
TT
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 (0 11 12 13
Tenb9 chSn k)i6p Mantodea Orthoptera Isoptera Homoptera Hemiptera Ttiysanoptera Coleoptera Neuroptera Lepidoptera Hymenoptera Diptera Araneae Acanna T6ng sd
.,,
S6 loai 1 6 1 18 14 3 21 4 10 12 7 67 3 166
Ty l# ("/.) 0,6 3.0 0,6 10,9 8.4 1,8 12,7 2,4 6,0 7,2 4,2 40,4 1.8 100
S6 loai theo nhom chijc nang Sau hai
0 4 1 15 7 1 3 0 9 0 0 0 2 42
Thien djch 1 0 0 0 6 1 16 4 0 11 6 67 1 113
Chipa ro quan h | 0 1 0 3 1 1 2 0 1 1 1 0 0 11
Ba giam djnh ten khoa hoc
0 6 1 16 14 2 21 3 10
7 4 19
3 107 Nhu vgy, mdc du Id cdy trong lau ndm, nhung thanh phdn lodi chdn khdp trgn cdy che khong phong phii nhu tren cdy an qud c6 mui. Tren nhdm cdy dn qua cd miii d mien Bdc da ghi nhgn dupe loi 299 loai chdn khdp (Pham Vdn Lam vd nnk., 2011).
2. Thdnh phan Ioai chan khdp gay hai tren cay che
Cd 42 lodi chdn khap gdy hgi tren cdy che thu thdp dugc tai cdc viing Irong che chinh d nirdc la irong thdi gian 2006-2011. Chiing thupc 7 bg cdn trung va 1 bp ve bet. Cdc Iodi sdu hai nay tap trung chii yeu d bp Cdnh deu vdi 15 loai. Bp canh vdy da ghi nhan dugc 9 lodi vd bg Canh nua ghi nhdn dugc 7 loai. Cdc bp khac cdn Igi cd so loai ghi nhdn dugc tir 1 den 4 loai (bang I). So toai chdn khdp hgi cay che da ghi nhdn dugc d nghien cuu ndy it han rat nhieu so vdi so lodi chdn khdp hai cay che dNhat Bdn vd Malaysia (tuong ung da phat hien dugc 117 va 112 loai), An Dg (vdi 40-47 lodi), Trung Quoc (vdi 43 lodi) va Afghanistan (vdi 40 lodi) (Barboka. 1994; Kakoty, 1984; Sivapalan etal.. 1980).
Tong so lodi chdn khdp hgi cdy che da ghi nhan dugc trong nghien ciru ndy tuang tu nhu kel qua nghien ciru nhilu ndm d Vien Nghien ciru Che (Nguyen Van Hiing vd nnk., 2006) va kit qua dieu tra nam 1977-1979 lai vimg trdng che d tinh Lam Dong (Vien Bdo ve thuc val, 1999), nhung lgi nhieu han 9 lodi so vdi kel qud dilu tra ndm 1967-1968 tai vimg Irong che d phi'a Bdc
HQI NGHj KHOA HOC T O A N Q U O C V E SINH THAI VA T A I N G U Y £ N SINH VAT L A N THLJ 5 (Vien Bao ve thuc vat, 1976). Sir khde bi?t nay cd thi do trong ldn digu tra ndm 1967-1968 da bd qua nhiing iodi chdn khdp gdy hgi cd kich thudc C0 thi nhd be nhu bg trT va ve bet (bang 2).
Bang 2 So lupng lodi chan khdp hai cay che da phat hien duorc a nude ta qua cac thdi ky TT
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Ten bp chan khoTJ
Orttioptera Isoptera Homoptera Hemiptera Thysanoptera Coleoptera Lepidoptera Diptera Acanna
Tong so
Sd loai sau h9i che da phat hien 1976-1968(1)
3 2 3 7 0 2 16 0 0 33
1977-1979 (2) 4 0 7 3 2 3 18 0 5 42
2006 (3) 4 1 7 6 1 5 15
1 5 45
2006-2011 4 1 15 7 1 3 9 0 2 42
Ghi chu.
vd nnk.
(1) Vien Bdo ve thirc vgt, 1976; (2) Vien Bdo ve thuc vat, 1999; (3) Nguyen Van Hung 2006.
So loai chan khdp hai cdy che cua mdt sd bg da phat hien dugc trong cac cdng bl neu tren khdng giong nhau. Sd loai sdu hai cay che da phdt hien dugc trong ndm 1967-1968, 1977-1979 va cua Vien Nghien ciru Che thi tap trung chii yeu d bg Cdnh vdy (lii 15 den 18 loai). Sd loai sau hgi cay che da phdt hien dugc trong ndm 2006-2011 thi Igi tap trung nhieu nhdt d bg cdnh diu vdi 15 Ioai (bdng 2). Su khac biel nay cd Ihl do mot sd lodi thupc bp Canh vay trudc ddy dd ghi nhan Id sau hai phd biln (nhu Andraca bipunctata, Parasa bicolor, Parasa pseudorepanda, Amalissa vaulogerl, Euproclis pseudoconspersa, Thosea sinensis,...) thi trong nghien ciiu ndy chua ghi nhgn dugc. Viec chua ghi nhdn dugc nhiing Iodi nay Irong cdc nam 2006-2011 cd thi do biln ddi khi hau hoac do su Iam dung thuoc hda hgc trir sdu tren cay che ddn din mgt dp cua chiing d miic qud thap nen khi dieu tra chua phdt hien dugc. Ngugc Igi, cd nhii'ng lodi thugc bg cdnh diu bj bd sdt trong cdc nghien cu-u trudc day, nhung lai dugc ghi nhan trong nghien ciru ndm 2006-2011. NhCi^ng lodi ndy cd thg coi la nhirng sau hgi cay che dugc ghi nhan mdi trong nghien ciru ndy. Doi chieu vdi cac ket qud cdng bo trudc day, cd it nhdt 15 Iodi nhu vay. Do la cac lodi Kilifia acuminata, Vinsonia sielUfera, Ferrisia virgata, Pseudococcus crylus, Lepidosaphes beckii, Lepidosaphes gloverii,... [lodi cd ddu sao (*) trong bang 3].
Hdu het cac loai chan khqj ligl cay che cd sg: hien dien d miic rat thdp va thap. Trong so chung, chi cd Rdy xanh Empoasca flavescens, Bp xit mudi Helopeltis theivora, Bg cdnh to Mycterothrips seiiventris va Nhen do nau Oligonychus coffeae cd su hien dien d miic tir trung binh den cao vd rat cao (bdng 3). Ddy Id nhirng gdy hai md ngudi trdng che phdi phdng chong de bdo ve nang sudt che.
532
HOl NGH! KHOA HQC T O A N Q U O C V £ SINH T H A I V A TAl NGUYEN SINH VAT L A N THLf 5
Cdc loai cban khdp gay hai cay che da phat hien va dinh danh dirge (2006-2011)
" T f "
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42
Sau hgi da dinh danh du>pv Catantops acuticercus bolivar' Oxya sp.
Pseudoxya diminuta (Walker) Trilophidia annulata (Thunberg) Coptotermes ceylanicus Holmgren Empoasca flavescens Fabr.
Tettigoniella ferruginea Fabricius Geisha sp.
Lawana imitaia Melichar Ricania speculum Walker' Aleurocanthus spiniferus (Quain.) * Aleuroclava subindica Marl, et Moun * Toxoptera aurantii Fonscolombe Kitifia acuminata Signoret' Vinsonia stellifera (Westwood) * Ferrisia virgata Cockerell * Pseudococcus crytus Hempel * Chionaspis theae Mask. (') Lepidosaphes feeckii (Newman) * Lepidosaphes gloverii (Packard)' Helopeltis theivora Wat.
Cletus pugnator Fabricius * Cletus trigonus Thunb.
Homoeocerus walkeri Kirby * Leptocorisa oratorius (Fabricius) * Poecilocoris latus Dallas Nezara vindula Linnaeus Mycterothrips setiventns Bagnall Maladera orientalis Motsch.
Xyleborus sp.
Hypomeces squamosus Fabr.
Parasa lepida Cramer (?) Euproctis scintillans Walker Orgyia postica Walker * On/asca subnotata Walker * Archips sp.
Homona coffeana Niet.
Adoxophyes orana (Fischer) Eumeta minuscula Butler Pagadiella hekmeyeri Heylaerls Oligonychus coffeae Niel, Catacarus carinatus Green
Bp va hp
Orth.: Acrididae Isop.. Rhinotermitidae Hom' Cicadellidae Hom.' Flalidae Hom.' Ricaniidae Hom.: Aleyrodidae Hom.- Aphididae H r ri
om.. occi ae Horn.' Pseudococcidae
Horn.' Diaspididae Hem.: Miridae Hem.. Coreidae
Hem. Scutelleridae Hem.- Pentatomidae Thys. Thripidae Col.: Scarabaeidae Col.: Scolytidae Col.: Curlionidae Lep: Limacodidae Lep: Lymantriidae
Lep : Tortricidae Lep.: Pschylidae Acar.: Tetranychidae Acar.: Eriophyidae
Op hipn di|n
+ + + d^n ++
-
+++
+ + den ++
+ + + den ++
+ den ++
+++
+ + ++ den +++
+ + den ++
+ + + + + + + + +++
+ Ghichu: -: Mirc dp hien dien rdt thdp (do bat gap < 5%).
+. Muc dp hi?n di?n ihdp (dp bat gap 5-20%).
++• Mirc dp hien dien trung binh (dp bSt gap 21-50%).
+++: Mirc dp hien dien cao va rdt cao (dp bat gap > 50%).
*: Cac loai dupe ghi nhan lan d^u la sau hai cay che a nude la.
HQl NGH] KHOA HQC T O A N Q U O C Vg SINH THAl VA TAl NGUYEN SINH VAT L A N THCf 5 ^ 3. Thanh phan thien dich ciia sau hai da phat hien dugc tren cay che
Nghien ciiu ve thien dich ciia sau hai che d nude ta hau nhu chua dugc quan tam. Chuaco mgt nghien ciiu chuyen sdu ndo vg thdnh phdn loai thien dich tren cay che 6 nude ta. Cdc ket qua ve thanh phan thien dich ciia sau hai che da cd 6 nude ta thudng dugc cong bo chung ciing vdi cdc kgt qud nghign ciru vg sau hai cay che. Nghien ciiu nay da ghi nhan dugc 113 ioai thien dich trgn cdy che, chiing thupc 7 bp cdn triing va 2 bp nhen. Cdc lodi thign dich da thu thgp dirpc lap trung nhieu nhat d bg Nhen Idn bat moi vdi 67 Ioai va bp Cdnh cimg vdi 16 Ioai. Cdc bp con lai khac co so Ioai da ghi nhan dugc il han, moi bp mdi ghi nhdn dugc 1-6 lodi (bdng 1). Da gidm dinh dugc tgn khoa hgc cho 56 loai, trongdd cd it nhdt 10 iodi (khdng ke cdc Iodi mdi xac dinh den gidng) dugc bd sung cho danh luc thien dich cua sdu hai cay che d nude ta (bang 4).
Cac loai thien dich cua sau hai cay che da phat hien va djnh danh dugc (2006-2011)
TT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
Sau hgi da djnh danh du'pc Cyrorhinus iividtpennis Reut. * Rhinocoris fuscipes (Fabr.) * Sycanus croceoviSatus Doh. * Onus sp.
Geocoris sp.
Eocanthecona furcellata Wolf Scolothrips sexmaculatus (Perg.) Eucotliuris fuscipennis fuscipennis (Chaud.) "
Odacantha metallica (Fairm.) * Ophionea indica (Thunb) * Paederus fuscipes Curt.
Oligota sp.
Chiloconis gressitti Miyat.
Coccinella transversalis Fabr.
Cryptogonus orbiculus (Gyll) ? Harmonia octomaculata (Fabr.) Leis dimidiata (Fabr.) * Lemnia biplagiata (Swartz) Menochilus sexmaculatus (Fabr.) Micraspis discolor {Fabr.) Oenopia sauzef/Muls.
Scymnus hoffmanni We\se Stethorus sp.
Micromus sp.
Ancylopteryx octopunctata (Fabr.)'
Bp, hp Hem.: Miridae Hem.: Reduviidae Hem.: Anthocoridae Hem.: Lygaeldae Hem.: Pentatomidae Thys.: Thripidae
Col.: Carabidae
Col.: Staphylinidae
Col.: Coccinellidae
Neu.: Hemerobiidae Neu.: Chrysopidae
Op hif n dlpn +
-
+ +
- - - -
+
-
+
-
-
HOI NGHI KHOA HOC TOAN QUOC Vg SINH THAI VA TAl N G U Y £ N SINH VAT L A N T H j 5 TT
26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56
Sdu hai da djnh danh dippv Chrysopa sp.
Gotra sp.
Xanfhopimp/a sp.
Apanteles sp.
Goniozus sp.
Elasmus sp.
Antrorsphalus apicalis Walk.
Asarcina aegota Fabr.
Episyrphus balteatus (De Geer) Ischiodon scutellaris (Fabr.) Paragus crenulatus Thom.
Tetragnatha maxillosa Thorel.
Tetragnatha virescens Okum.
Argyrodes sp.
Coleosoma sp.
Ummeliata insecticeps (B. et S ) * Leucauge sp.
Pardosa pseudoannulata (B. et S.) Oxyopes javanus Thorell' Clubiona sp Camaricus sp.
Misumenops sp Thomisus sp.
P/jy/odromus sp.
Cyrtarachne sp Gasteracantha sp.
Neoscona sp.
Nephila sp.
^groeca sp.
Myrmarachne sp.
Amblyseius sp
Bp, hp
Hym.: Ichneumonidae Hym.: Braconidae Hym.: Bethylidae Hym.: Elasmidae Hym : Chalcididae
Dip.: Syrphidae
Aran.. Tetragnathidae
Aran.: Theridiidae
Aran.: Metidae Aran.: Lycosidae Aran.: Oxyopidae Aran.' Clubionidae
Aran.: Thomisidae
Aran.: Ptiilodromidae
Aran. Araneidae
Aran.: Salticidae Acar Phyloseiidae
Dp hien dien
-
+ +
• f
+ + den ++
+ +
+ +
-
+ Ghi chu: -: Mirc dp hien dien rdt thip (dp bSl gap < 5%).
+: Mirc dp hiSn di?n thdp (d6 bat gap 5-20%).
++: Muc dp hien dien trung ijinh (do bat gap 21-50%).
+++: Mile do hi^n di?n cao va rSt cao (do bat gap > 50%).
*. Loii dupe ghi nhan ldn dau la Ihien djch tren cay che d nude ta.
HQl NGHI KHOA HQC T O A N Q U O C V £ SINH THAl VA T A I NGUYEN SINH VAT L A N THCf 5 ^ Ket qua nghien ciiu ndy cho thay thdnh phdn thign djch tren cdy che d nude ta tuy khong phong phu nhu tren cay an qud cd mui, nhung phong phu hon d mgt sd nude. Tai Chieng Mai (Thai Lan) ndm 2001-2002 phat hien dugc 17 Ioai thien djch tren cay che va tgi An Dp phat hi?n dugc 13 lodi thien djch tren cdy che (Borthakur et al., 1992).
Cdc lodi cdn triing bdt mdi nhu Collide chloptera Dej., Chlaenius xanthopleurus Chaud.
(Carabidae), Chilocorus circumdatus (Gyll.) (Coccinellidae) da dugc ghi nhan tren cdy chhii viing Thdi Nguyen nam 1967-1968 (Vi?n Bdo ve thuc vat, 1976). Tuy nhign, dieu tra tren ciy che d cac huyen Phil Luang, Ddng Hy, Dgi Tir, ngoai d Tp. Thai Nguygn (tinh Thdi Nguyen) vao cdc ndm 2006-2011 nhung chua thu lai dugc nhung lodi cdn trung nay. Nhu vdy, trong thdm canh cay che cd the da Idm cho qudn thg cua cdc Ioai ndy giam xuong qud thap, nen khi dieu tra chua bat gap dugc chimg.
Tat cd cac loai thien dich da ghi nhdn dugc trgn cdy che deu hien dipn d miic thap va rat thdp, lire la cd kich thudc qudn thg rdt nhd. Rieng lodi nhen Idn bdt mdi Argyrodes sp. cd miic dp hien dien tir thap den Irung binh. Dilu nay cho thdy thien djch tren cay che trong dilu ki?n thdm canh khdng cd vai trd han che sau chinh hgi cdy che.
III. KET LUAN
Nghien ciru trong cac nam 2006-2011 tgi cdc vimg trdng che chinh d nude ta dd ghi nhgn dugc 166 Ioai chan khap thupc 13 bpciia Idp con triing va Idp hinh nhen. Cac loai chan khdp da thu Ihap dugc tap trung nhieu nhat d bp Nhen Idn bdt mdi (vdi 67 lodi), sau dd Id bp cdnh cii:ng (vdi 21 lodi) vd bg Canh diu (vdi 18 Iodi). Kit qua ndy cho thdy thanh phan Ioai chan khdp tren cay che d nude ta khdng phong phu nhu tren cay an qua cd mui. Cdc Ioai chan khdp da phat hien gdm 42 loai sdu hai cdy che, 113 loai thign dich va 11 Iodi chua rd quan he vdi cdy che,
Da xac dinh ten khoa hpc dugc 107 loai. Trong s6 nay, il nhdt cd 15 lodi sau hai va 10 loii Ihien djch dugc ghi nhan Idn ddu tren cay che d nude ta. Mgt vdi cdn triing trudc day dugc ghi nhdn Id nhung sdu hai phd bien hoac la thign djch trgn cdy che nhung chua phdt hien thay trong nhung ndm 2006-2011 do thdm canh cdy che.
Hau het cdc Ioai sau hai cd miic dp hien dien rdt thdp vd thdp tren cay che. Rieng ray xanh, bp xit mudi, bp trT, nhen do ndu cd mirc dp hipn dien cao den rat cao va la sau hai quan trpng, phai phdng trir. Tat ca cac Iodi thign dich dgu miic do hien dien rat thdp, trir Iodi nhen ldn bdt mdi Argyrodes sp. cd mjic dg hien dien tir thdp den trung binh. Vi vay, thien djch khdng bieu hien dugc vai trd han che sdu hgi che.
TAI LIEU THAM KHAO
1. Barboka B.C., 1994. Bulletin association Tea India.
2. Borthakurm., Sarmah B.C., 1992. Two and bud, voL 32, p.20-25.
3. Nguyin Vdn Hiing vd Nguy5n Van Tgo, 2006. Quan ly cay che tdng hpp. NXB. Nongnghiep, Ha N^i.
4. Kakoty N.N., 1984. Review of Appl. Entomol, 72 (8): P. 628.
5. Pasquyer R., 1932. Bulletin Economique de L'lndochine. Agriculture, Elevage Forets. Sep.-Oct I932B, Hanoi.
6. Pham Vdn Lam, Nguyin Vdn LiSm, Truong Thj Lan, Nguyin Kim Hoa, 20 M. Cong trinh nghien cCni khoa hpc vl con trimg, quyIn III, NXB. Nong nghiSp, H4 Npi, trang 281-294.
7. Sivapalan P., Gnanapragasam N.C., 1980. Entomol. Exp.and Appl., 27 (I): P.91-94.
8. Vien Bdo v? thuc vdt, 1976. Kit qud dilu tra co ban cdn triing 1967-1968. NXB. Ndng th6n. Hi Noi, trang 456-458.
9 Vien Bdo ve thuc vat, 1999. Kit qud dilu tra con trung va benh cdy a cdc tinh mien Nam 1977- 1979. NXB. Nong nghiep, Ha Npi, trang 196-197.
10. Wilby A., Thomasm. B., 2002. Ecol. Letters, 5: 353-360.
536
HQI NGHI KHOA HQC T O A N Q U C C V £ SINH T H A I V A T A I N G U Y £ N SINH VAT L A N TH\j 5 SPECIES COMPOSITION OF ARTHROPODS ON TEA IN THE VIETNAM
PHAM VAN LAM SUMMARY
The study on arthropods associated with tea plantations in main tea-growing provinces has been conducted by Plant Protection Research Institute during 2006-2011.
At least 166 species of arthropods were collected on tea plants, which belong to 13 orders of insects and arachnids. They are concentrated in orders of Araneae (67 species), Coleoptera (21 species) and Homoptera (18 spedes). Other orders have a fewer collected species (ranged from 1 lo 14 species).
Among them, 42 species are tea pests, 113 species are natural enemies of tea pests and 11 species are unknown-relationship lo tea plants. Of which only 107 species were identified scientific name. Among them, 15 spedes of pests and 10 species of natural enemies are new records for tea plantations in Vietnam. In comparison with previous research results, some common pests and natural enemies on tea plantations were not found during 2006-2011. The list of identified species of pests and natural enemies were given separately.
Empoasca flavescens, Helopeltis theivora. Mycterothrips setiventris and Oligonychus coffeae are key tea pests need to control. Other tea pests have low and very low population density. Almost all of collected species of natural enemies in tea plantations have low and very low population density, except Argyrodes sp.
