100 NGON N G I A DOI S 6 N G
^^G6N NGL CAC DAN TQC THIEU SO O VIET NAJi^
DAC DIEM CAU TRUC SO SANH TRONG LUAT TVC EDE
PH.AM T H I XUAN N G A *
TOM TAT; Ludt tue Ede the hien Id mgt cdng cu cfla mdt thiit chi xa hfli. Nhiing quy djnh c\i the ve hdnh vi ciing nhu co chi xfl phgt di gdp phdn giio dye nhin thfle vd diiu chinh hanh ^'\ cua cac thdnh vien ttong cpng ddng. 6 bdi viit nay, chiing ldi khdo sit tin sd xuit bipn vi cich sfl dyng cua ciu trflc so sinh ttong bp luat tyc cua ngudi Edi. Qua dd, phan nio nhgn dipn duge cich tu dii> vdn hda cfla ngudi Edi ttong xi hpi irayin thdng.
TU" KHOA: luit lyc; ludt tue Edi; so sinh; ciu tnic so sdnh; die diim cdu true so sanh NHAN BAI: 4 4/2020. BIEN TAP-CHINH S C A - D U Y E T DANG: 23 6/2020 1. DStvande
Lugt tyc (thirdng duge gpi Id Tap qudn phdp) la kho ting tti thuc din gian dupe tich Ifly tfl thyc ti ddi sdng, li tri thfle ciia dan tge ve ty qudn va quan li cpng dflng. Luit tye E-di Id sdn phim cfla xd hOi cfl iruyin - xd hpi td chfle ttin ca sd gia dinh mdu hi, phat tiien d thdi ki tiin giai cip, tiin qudc gia, mpt xi hpi con mang tinh khep kin. Ludt ti^c E-de do chinh cpng dflng tge ngudi niy sdng tao ra, mang gid tti cd vi npi dung lan hinh thfle thi hipn vd di duge L.Sabatier suu tim, sdp xip thdnh 236 dieu vdi 11 chuang.
Theo Tfl diin liing Vipt (2000), so sdnh Id nhin vdo cdi ndy md xem xet cdi kia di thdy sg gidng nhau. khae nhau hoge han kem. So sdnh Id thao tdc nhgn thuc cfla tu duy. Bin chat cua so sdnh Id sy Iiin tudng mfli quan hp giiia cii dimg tdm so sdnh vdi cdi dupc dua ra di so sdnh. Ciu tnic so sinh trong lugt tyc Edi ndm trong q^ud trinh phit triin chung cfla ngdn ngft, tuy qud trinh phat triin cua ngfln ngft Id mgi qud trinh bj chi phfli bdi nhiiu yiu id khic nhau nhu phong luc tip quin, die diem kinh ti - xi hfli, die diem din cu,... vi trong mpt chimg muc nhit dinh, ngdn ngfl gdp phin lam nin dan tOc.
Cau tnic so sdnh uong lual Ojc Ede vira mang tinh chat chung cfla so sanh ttong ngdn ngft, vfla thi hi^n d$c diem riing ciia lugl ti^e. Kit qui khdo sat, thdng ke giup chung tdi nhan thiy ciu tnic so sinh xuit hipn khd rfl net vd ndi bat ttong sfl 1.706 cau klei due^ ciia van bin lual tijc Ede.
2. c i u trflc so sdnh trong vin ban lual tyc Edi
Theo Dinh Trpng Lge (1993), hinh ibflc cua so sinh tu tii gflm cd 4 yiu td: cdi so sdnh, ca sd so sdnh, lir so sdnh vd cdi duac so sdnh. Nhin mpt each khdi quit, eau trflc so sinh trong ngdn ngfl gdm hai vi, cd quan hp vm nhau, do li: ve cdn so sdnh vi vi chudn so sdnh. Vi cdn so sdnh gflm cdi so sdnh \dcasd so sdnh: vi chudn so sdnh ta cdi duge so sdnh. Hai vi nay quan hp vdi nhau nhd td so sdnh.
Vidy;
v i cin so sdnh Ve ehuin so sinh {Cdi so sdnh \a ca sd so sdnh) Tu so sdnh Cdi duge .so sdnh N\u dah si gam (Hin gira len) (nhu) (sim)
. . . (I, diiu khoan 15)
Khi vin dyng ttong ngon ngu nghp Uiuat, cau tmc tren cd thi thay ddi vj tri gifta cic thinh Id - cac \ i hoic lugt bd mfli vdi Uianb id. Tuy nhiin, cdi duge so sdnh thi khdng thi lugt bfl • A'^A Ihinh Id chuin cua sy so sdnh.
Qua khdo sat ttxmg van bin luil n^ Edi, ciu mic so sinh gflm cd 262 cau klei due chiim S i.'^o/
ttong ldng sd 1.706 cdu klei dui, gflm cac dang so sdnh sau- ' ^'^^ '^
Bdng: Cdc dgng cdu true so sdnh trong lugt luc Ede
Cau true so sinh So cdu Ti 1? % ,
• TliS: Viin Khoa hpc Xd hgi vimg Td}'Ngu}'en. Email: xuanngaphaml982%gmail.com
SA 6(299)-2020 NGON N G C & BOB SONG 101^
So s^nh ngang hSnfL So sanh hon So s^oh k6m So sdnh ddi l$p So sdnh h6 trg
117 24 32 63 26
44,66 9,16 12,21 24,06 9,92 2. L C&u trdc so sdnh ngang bang
So sinh ngang bing li so sirUi dya trin mdi quan hi ngang bing gidng nhau giflra cdi so sdnh, ca sd so sdnh vi cdi duge so sdnh. Ciu true so sinh ngang bingxudl hien phd biin nhdt ttong luit tyc
£di, chiim 44,66% tiding t6ng sfl 1.706 cau luit tyc. Co li phan Idn do tu duy so sinh cua cpng dflng Edi mang dgm cii nhin mpi vgt trong tu thi ngang bing: ndi vi vin de, su viic ndy nhung Igi Iiin tudng din nhihig hinh inh, vin di tuang ti,r di di hinh dung, so sdnh. So sinh ngang bing dya ttin mfli quan h§ ngang bing hoic giflng nhau gifta yeu id duoc/ bj so sinb vi yiu tfl so sanh, duge biiu hipn bdng tfl so sdnh; si (nhu). Vi dy:
Ana\n 'u nga\ si mse\ luc he\ hla\m diii. lii hla\m ia mse\ si bha he\ ka mudr hda\m, 'u bi da\m dih he\ hla\m krah elan kldng. kdng krah 'u ba ka sah mdro\ng amdo ayo\ng tal. (The mi bin Idm nhu dd dinh mit cii nhdn (vdng bing dflng) ttong riing, dinh rai cai nhdn xuong nude, giong nhu di di cho kiin, cho mii tha di mat, hdn nhu da ngfl quin dgc dudng, vi viy ma cii nhin hin dem den cho ngudi tu trudng nhi giiu di den noi khong kjp) (1, diiu khoan 51).
d vi dy ttin, d6i tugng niu ra la ngudi phgm tgi dupc thfl linh giao cho chiic vdng dem di, vi cd vipc khan cip md anh ta lan chan dgc dudng. Hanh dgng niy duge sinh ngang bang hoic gidng nhau vdi ngudi cd hdnh ddng bj dinh roi cii nhan ttong rimg va phdi lin md tim kiim. Di thyc hipn so sdnh ngang bing, ngudi ta sfl dyng cic tfl chi qua hp so sanh: si (nhu), sme\ (gidng nhau), sme\si (giflng nhu nhau)... Tuy nhiin, ttong lugt tyc, Uiudng ngudi ta lgi khflng cin dimg nhihig tfl chi quan hp so sdnh ndy md vin cd thi hiiu duge nOi dung y nghia. Vi dy;
N\u aliyur kpurpu. yu ngo n\u hiu. (Hin nhu ngpn tte dung dua trudc gid, hdn di khdp ddng tiy) (I, dieu khoin 32)
M§c dfl khdng dflng tfl so sdnh, ngudi Edi van hiiu vi nhgn ra duge kiiu so sdnh ngang bing qua cich tu duy cua hp ttong xfl phgl MM (hdn) Id ngudi pham tgi, bin di lang thang liu long khdp dong tdy duge so sdnh vdi boat dpng cfla nggn tre dung dua trudc gid.
Trong lu§t tyc, sy sdng tgo cfla con ngudi Id khflng gidi hgn. Ching hgn khi can nhdn mgnh die diim cfla ddi tupng dupc mieu ti, ttong nhflng trudng hgp cy the, ngudi ta ed thi ddi vj tri cua cdi so sdnh vi cdi duge so sdnh de lim noi bgt y mudn ndi. Vi du:
Asao ira. bi kbla\m he\ n\u tro\ng, mnuihjho\ng bi hlah, dah biu bi kmhal he\ n\u. (Con cho md hiu in thi nim cho mOt qud ca nflng (giflng nhu) con ngudi ma tio tgn thi lay loi khuyin bio niu khdng dupe thi phii Uiing trj hin) (I, diiu khoin 1)
6 vi dy tten, cdi so sdnh (con ngudi) duge hoan ddi ra sau cdi duge so sdnh (con chd) chfl khdng theo trat ty thdng thudng Id cdi so sdnh, ca sd so sdnh, tie so sdnh vd cdi duge so sdnh.
Hoic d VI dy sau day, khi ndi vi nhiing ki hay sinh sy, gay gd vdi ngudi khic, ngudi Edi lai hoin dfli tt^t ty efla ciu true so sdnh nhdm nhin mgnh va lam tang thim bin chit ciia ke pham tpi;
Ko\ ksua. knga k'kuih. di n\u mnii duah klei, ikei duah kdi. (Nhu cai ddu con nhim, cii tai con chupl Id nhirag con din ba hay sinh chuyin, thing din flng hay giy su) (I, dieu khoin 115).
Du\l duipiu arieng, mnii toh m 'iingplu ekei. (Nhu con cfl vg tim each lua con cua, mu ta cdi tuOt vdy ra ds cim dfl ngudi din dng) (I, diiu khoin 153).
2.2. Cau trdc so sdnh han
So sinh han la kiiu so sdnh dya ttin mdi quan he hon nhau cua cdi so sdnh, ca sd so sdnh so vdi edi duge so sdnh, Ihudng duge the hien bdng cdc tfl, curn tii so sdnh nhu: hi\n. egao. ibeh.
kdlun, min nun. jih mdo (hon, hon hin). Trong luat tue Ede, ciu trflc so sdnh hem chiim ti lp thip nhit, chi 24 cau klei due, chiim 9,16%. Cac so sinh han ttong Iuat tyc ihudng cd nhiiu so sanh hon di lien nhau di bd sung y nghia cho nhau. Vi dy:
N G 6 N N G i r & D 6 l S 6 N G S i 6<299V202l
Dho\ngpro ng hi\n li ksei. hdehprong hAn ti khua, mdo u imuh. (Ke nhu lu&i dao l^i '""^'J ddy hom sdng dao. Id rapt tre nil Igi muon khon ban ngudi Idn, cd mp cd cha md khdng hdi m<; cha) (1, diiu khodn 27).
Khde vdi cau trflc so sdnh ngang bdng, ciu mic so sdnh hon khdng Uii hoan ddi \i tii g^^^ ^^i so sdnh vd cdi duge so sdnh, vi niu ddi, y nghia si khie. Die bipt, so sinh bon thirdng khdng the ving tir so sdnh.
2.3. Cau true so sdnh kem
So sinh kem la kiiu so sdnh dya trin guan hp kim ciia cdi so sdnh. ca sd so sdnh so vdi cdi duge so sdnh hoic ngugc Igi, dupc Uii hipn bdng cdc tii, cym tfl so sinb nhu: hmao dluh. Igham (ttiua);
mda, awa\J, idu. addk, amdo djdp. (i/je^em)...Vi dy:
~u hdeh du bia. era din du,jua kru ka hmdo ara\ng. (Nd li mOt dira bi chin yiu tay mem, budc Uiua budc chdn cua ngudi khic) (I, diiu khodn 105).
Ciu triic so sinh kem ttong luit tyc Edi chiim ti lp khong nhiiu, chi 32 cdu klei due, chiem 12,21%. Cung nhu ciu tnic so sdnh ban, ciu tnic so sdnh kim ciing khflng thi hoin ddi vj tri cho nhau gifta cdi so sdnh vd cdi dirge so sdnh vi tir so sdnh ciing khdng thi vdng mil d ciu tnic niy.
2.4. cdu trdc so sdnh doi l^p
So sdnh doi lgp Id kiiu so sdnh dya trin quan bp dfli lgp vi y nghta giiia cdi so sdnh. ca sd so sdnh vd cdi duge so sdnh nhim lam nfli bgt dfli tugng mieu td ttong cau. Nhin chimg, cic so sdnh doi l§p ttung luil tyc Ede ihudng biiu hipn qua cac phgra tru phim chat, dgo dflc Id co bin. Sy d6i lip niy gdp phin soi to y n^Ta Ian nhau, giflp ngudi nghe tg iih§n thuc diing - sai, tot - xiu ma •^ nghla lu§t tyc Uii hipn. Vi dy;
Cih braih hroh, boh epangyang hrue, ikei mnii cih. -w emdng soh pah, druah soh wiek, mdro\ng soh wiek, mdro\ng soh aliik kdi. (Nhihig ching trai cfl gdi ttong tting, trong ttdng (nhu) hgt ggo mdi gii, sang (nhu) dda hoa ipang, nhu dnh m$t ttdi. (Cdn) bin thi (nhu) con cpp vd trugt moi, (nhu) con hodng bdl mOm vdo chS tr6ng khdng, nhu ngudi nhi giiu thua kipn) (I, diiu khoin 17).
Hai ciu trong vi dy trin thi hipn rfl sy ddi lip ve tinh cich ciia mpt bin Id ngudi "ttong tting" vd mOi bin li ki hung bgo. Cdc kiiu so sdnh doi lip ndy chiim ti lp khi cao trong luit tyc Edi, vdi 63 ciu klei due, chiim 24,06%. Nhieu ciu klei due dd cho thay sy so sinh ddi lap, thi hi^n r5 cdch tu duv cua ngudi 6di ve diiu xiu - tot, hiy cbi mang tinh chit iruu tiigng. Diiu dd cung it nhieu gdp phan ling thim hinh inh, hinh tugng, tgo sy sinb dflng cho ngdn ngft luat tyc. Vi dy;
Ara\ng mli\ng mn\e bhang, mlang mn\i tlam. klei edam irra bi mnunV'N\u lac hmu\ Ieh wa\ng ara\ng mka'. kga\ ara\ng mkra. omra anap ara\ng bi blu\. (Ngudi la cbi li con chira miing hit vio mua khd. con chim mlang kiu budi chiiu la nhftng chdng trai, cd gdi hit ddi dap nhau. (Thi md) flng la ndi ring, dng ta nghe gio Uifli ngodi bia rimg, nghe sam gam d bd rdo) (1, diiu khodn 67).
2.5. Cau true so sdnh ho trg
Ciu ttuc so sdnh ho ttg li kiiu so sdnh Uii hipn quan h? ho tig gifla cdi so sdnh, ca sd so sdnh vdi cdi duge so sdnh. chu yiu lira ndi bgt Uiuflc tfnh ndi ti^i cua mdt sy vgt khde. Trong ludt tiic Ede cau ttuc so sinh ho ttp Uieo Uidng ke cua chiing tdi, chiem ti lp khdng nhiiu, chi 26 cdu klei du^ rhi^m 9,92% tiung s6 1.706 cdu lugi lyc. ^' '^"'^"' Trong VI dy sau day. cdi so sdnh Id dfli nipn^ ~u (nd, hdn) vi ca sdso sdnh li hui\ (sg), irone khi d6 cdi duge so sdnh gflm hai doi tugng cd tinb chat gan giong nhau, cd quan bp ho ttg cho nhau- ' sg ngudi tii biit rS hang hdc ciia nd d dau va con huou, con heo rung sp ngudi ta biit diu IS ^ ^""^
chflng: ° ^^"^
l i -I* hui\ em ong ara\ng fuh ai. pai fuh but. hid mu\t rang hui\ ara\ng [uh anih. (Hin fth"
con o ^ sg ngudi ta biit rd hang hoc aia nd d diu, (nhu) con huou, con heo rimg sp neudi t a ^ '^'^- i d cfla Chung) (I. diiu kho^ 136). ^ ^ ^ ^'^^ "^^u Id
3. Mpt vdi nh$n lil ve ciu trdc so sinh trong luat tye Ede
Theo Ui6ng ke. Lugl tue Edi co Itil tiTidng hgp so sinh khde nhau. Cdc cdu so sdnh tton I - Edi ciing cd can tnic 4 Uianh tfl (cdi so sdnh. ca sd so sdnh. tu so .^dnh vd cdi duge so st^i^^^- ^'^
S6 6(299)-2020 NGON N G g & BOH S 6 N G 103
mfli quan hp giflng nhu cdc thinh to ciia mpt ciu tnic so sanh trong ngdn ngfl ndi chung, tuy nhien, nd ciing cd cic die diim phfl biin sau:
Thu nhdt, so sdnh trong lugt tyc Edi ihudng hoin vj cdi so sdnh va ca sd so sdnh, tiic la hodn vj gifla cic vi ttong ciu tnic va khi dd lir dirge so sdnh ihudng ving mat. Vi dy:
Aseh knd 'u hlo\ng lui tha, kbao ana lui ing. anak ^ujing hihdng. u hlo\ng lui hi\, bhi\ lui tha.
(Ngya dye nd ttii rdng, ttiu cdi thi rong, (giflng nhu) con cai nfl sinh hu than mit nit, nd bd di lang thang) (L dieu khoin 173).
Thir hai, ciu tnic so sdnh ttong lugt tyc Edi thuong khdng hipn diin ddy dfl cae thinh to, ttong do tir so sdnh it xuil hiin, tuy nhien, ngudi la van hiiu duge quan hp so sdnh vd ngi dung y nghla cau vin Id nhd vio ngfl cinh, vin hda vd tira li din tdc. Vi dy:
- Trudng hgp vdng tir so sdnh:
Djui amdo kna\l. ha\t amdo kmar (Hp hang khflng sinh sdi (gidng nhu) ciy thudc Id khdng ddm choi) (I, dieu khoan 73).
- Tnidng hgp vdng ca sd so sdnh vi lir so sdnh:
-u imdng soh pah (Hin (hinh dgng) (nhu) con cgp vfl trugt radi) (I, diiu khodn 17).
Thu ba, cdi duge so sdnh dfl hodn vj hay khflng hodn vj vdi cdi so sdnh trong ciu tiiic so sinh thi il khi niu ra mgt dfli tugng mi ihudng niu ra nhieu ddi tugng cfl quan hp gidng nhau hoic gin gidng nhau, h5 ttp vdi nhau ciing ldm chuan so sinh vd lira cho ciu tnic so sdnh ting hipu qui bieu dgt. Vi dy:
- Trudng hgp cdi duge so sdnh dflng trudc cdi so sdnh:
-u dah si gra\m, eldm si emdng {B.S11 gam isn nhu sim, chdra lin nhu cgp) (I, diiu khodn 15).
- Trudng hpp cdi duge so sdnh dflng sau cdi so sdnh:
Awa\k 'u mda\p, asa\p 'u hga\m. "H bi knga\m mnuih (Cii thia dng ta giiu, cdi mipng dng ta di ngim, (gi^ng nhu) dng ta da im di mOt so ngudi) (1, diiu khoin 57).
Ba die diem trin thi hipn sy ndng dOng, sdng tgo cfla ngudi Edi trong qua tiinh dien dat bing phuong Uiflc so sdnh ttong vdn bdn luit tyc. Cich thuc td chuc, sdp xip, hoan vj hodc lu0 bdl mOt vdi thanh id trong ciu tnic so sinh ciing nhu ting cac ddi tugng niu ra d cdc thdnh td ciia ciu tnic so sanh ciing duge xem nhu mgt thu phip nghp thuit cfla ngudi Edi md hp di chfl y ttong qud trinh sfl dyng phuang thfle so sinh ttong lugt tyc. Kit qud cua nhihig so sdnh cd kil can khic Ig nay ihudng ldm cho chfle ndng bieu dat cau vin dat hipu qua cao vi ngufli nghe cira nhan nd theo budng cira nhin ngdn ngfl cua mOt tdc pham vin hge.
So sdnh ttong lugt tyc Ede thudng kim theo Uiii dg ca ngpi hoge thai dg Iin an. Niu so sinh md yeu th dua ra so sdnh biiu thi quan hp vdi cdi duge so sdnh mang y nghia rich cyc thi cd gid tii biiu edm dtrong tinh ho^c tnmg tinh. Ching han: Cih braih hroh. boh ipang yang hrui. ikei mnii cih (Trang nhu hgt ggo mdi gii, sing nhu dda hoa epang, nhu inh mit ttdi (giflng nhu) nhiing chdng trai cfl gii trong tring). Tuy nhiin, ngi dung chu yiu cua lugt tyc Ede la trinh bay cac hdnh vi vi phgm luit tyc vi Ihudng kim theo thdi dg len an dfli voi ngudi vi pham luat tyc nin biiu hipn so sinh ttong lugt tyc ciing thudng mang gid trj bieu cim im tinh vi chiem sd lugng ldn. Vi dy: ~u emdng soh pah, druah soh wiek.
mdro\ng soh wiik, mdro\ng soh aliik kdi (Han (nhu) con cpp vo trugt mdi, nhu con hodng hdt mom vao cho trdng khflng, nhu ngudi nha gidu thua kiin) (I, diiu khoan 17).
Nhihig tiardng hgp so sanh mi khdng mang lai bieu cdra duong tinh hay am tinh la b i u so sanh cd gia tii biiu edm tmng tinh. Vi dy, so sanh vg chdng hgp dfli nhu sau: Bi Uh mia\l he\ kniil kpung (Hai ngudi nhu cinh nd gin vdi Uiin nd) (I, diiu khodn 128).
Ddi tugng so sinh trong luit tyc Ede thudng Id con ngudi, nhung ciing cd the Id sy vat, sy vipc dimg de so sinh vdi cdc dfli tugng khic:
- So sinh ngudi vdi vit;
Anak mnie mse\ si mdie mjah (Con gai giflng nhu hat gidng ciy lua) (1, dieu khoan 229).
- So sinh ngudi vdi hdnh dgng cua con vgt:
~u dah si ga\m. ila\m si imdng (Hin gam len nhu sim, chflm Iin nhu cgp) (I, diiu khoan 15).
N G 6 N NGCT & DCn S 6 N G S 6 6( 299>-2020^
- So sanh nguoi vdi ngudi;
Rung si y Tria . ara\ si Y Ru\n (Hdn lang Uiang nhu tiling Y Tria. bin hiu dn nhu tiling 't Run) (I. diiu khodn 112).
- So sdnh sy vipc na\ vdi sy vipc khde: i Tloh aseh kbao ara^ng. ktui ti kru: ung due\ hiu. md\ tui duah (Ngya ttiu xdng Uii ngudi la tin
theo \Cn (giong nhu) chflng bd thi it vg Iheo tim) 0. diiu khoan 130).
- So sdnh sy vgt sy vipc vdi con ngudi;
Kmu\npdpla. ktar pd pla.ami ama po mjing (Cd dua cd bdp Id cd ngudi ttong (nhu) cd con cd cdi la do cha m? sinh ra) (I, diiu khodn 143). ^ .-
Nhu \ ay. sy sing tgo trong ngfln ngii cfla luit tyc Ede la \ K'c iim lha> cic sy \ icc. hdnh dgng diin ra trong cupc song dan gidn, dc hiiu de so sinh tuong dong vdi npi dung y nghla kli.ii qudt cua luit tyc. Diiu ndy cd idc dyng lam cho bit ki npi dung y nghTa ndo ciia lugl ti^c cho dii cd trflu mpng, khdi qudt din dau cung deu dupc trinh bay, gidi ihich rO ring, ngudi nghe cung cfl Uii hiiu duge mi khflng cin dimg li li di gidi Uiich. \ i \g\ mi lugt lyc tAc di di vio ddi sdng, tim Uiflc con ngudi mpi cdch nhp nhing, sau sde.
4. Ket lugn
ciu inic so sinh li mpt hinh thfle kit ciu quan trgng vd iicu biiu vd mang linh lit yiu ttong luit lyc Ede. Dya vdo npi dung biiu dgt. ehiing tdi nhin thdy so sdnh trong lugl tyc Edi nhdm mye dich gidi thich, miou ta, dinh gia vi bgc tfl cam xuc. Qua kit cau so sinh, Idc gid lugl tyc dd phdc hpa bflc Iranh sinh dgng vi vdn hfla xd hfli cd tiuven dia ngudi Ede, vi cdnh vgt con ngudi ttong trgng thii dgng vdi thii dp trin ttpng, vdi mpt udc mo. kbit vpng ve mpt \d hpi tuoi dpp vd cdng bing.
' Trong lieng E-di, klei cd nghta Id ldi ndi, Jui- cd nghla hi n6i kit; klei due cd nghTa Id Idi ndi cd sy ndi kit vdi nhau bing cic im tiit cimg vin hoic bdng tfl cfl cdc am tiit tuong dflng; klei dui c6 nghia tuong ddng vdi cym tfl "Ifli nfli van" trong iicnii \'iit
TAI LIEU THAM KHAO I. Hodng Phi (2000). Tir diin tiing Viii, N\b Dd Ndng, tr.86,
2 Do Hihi Chiu (2{X) I). D<fl cuang ngdn ngd Itgc. Ngir d\mg hpc, t ^ 2. Nxb Giao dye, Hd NOi.
3.Theo Dinh Trpng Lge (chii biin), Nguyen Thii Hda, (1993), Phong cdch hpc tieng Viit, Nxb Gido dye.
4. Hoing Phi (2000), Tir diin ning I lil, N\b Di Ndng.
5. Dodn Vdn Phuc(l99S).ri/ivT^ca:/Vnnn^g ngi? £ag, Nxb Tp.IIdauMinKHdCW Minh.
6. Vien Ngfln ngft hpc - Sd Gido dye vd Ddo tgo Dik Lik (2004), Tir diin Viit-Edi, Nxb Gido dye, Dik Lik.
NGCLlfU
Ngd Dflc Thinh, Chu Thii Son, Ngu>cn Hflu Thiu (2001). Ludt lyc Ede (Tgp quan phdp), Nxb
\an hda dan tpc. Hi Npi.
Coraparati^'e structural characteristics in Ede customary law
.Abstract: Ede's customary law appears lo be an instrument of a social institution. Specific rules of behavior as weU as sanctions mechanisms have contributed lo raise awareness and adjust the behavior of community members, hi Uiis article, we examine the frequency of occurrence and usage ofthe comparative stiTictiire in the Ede customary law. Thereby, somewhat recognizing the way Ede people's thinking about culmre in traditional society.
Key words: customary law; Ede cuslomaiy taw, comparison; comparative structure; comparative structural characteristics
