Tgp chi khoa hgc TrUdng Dgi hgc Quy NhOn Sd 1, Tap VI nam 2012
DICH HdP DONG THlJOfNG MAI SANG TIENG ANH MQT SO VAN DE CAN Ll/U Y
TRUONG VAN DINH"
1. DAT VAN DE
Trong giai doan dat nffdc ta dang md rdng hdi nhap tren nhieu ITnh vffe, dac biet la kinh te, nhu ceiu trao ddi, lien ke't lam an giffa cae ea nhan, id chffc, eae doanh nghiep \ d i nhau ciing nbff \ d i eae ban hang nffdc ngoai ngay cang tang. Trong giao dich thffdng mai. gidi kinh doanh thffdng lay chff//'// lam dau. Tuy nhien, thye tc eho tha'y khdng phai dd'i tae nao eung eoi Irpng chU tin. Nhffng vu kien kinh t e x a y ra do vi pham nhffng dieu khoan hdp ddng da eam kel lau nay da minh chffng dieu nay nbff phat bieu eiia Thff trffdng Bp Tff phap Hoang The' Lien [5] tai Hdi thao 'Hgp dong thuang mgi qudc te" td ebffe tai Ha npi ngay 13 thang 12 nam 2004, "Ldu nay, nhiiu tranh chap hgp dong co yeu td nUdc ngodi phdt sinh do thli'u quy dinh dieu chinh!
Trong khi do, ngUdl Viet Nam cd thdi quen kinh doanh theo niim tin, giao kit hgp ddng ngdn ggn, ngUdI thdn quen .xdc nhgn nin khi tranh chdp xdy ra rdt khd gldl quyit" VI ly do dd. eae ben giao djch deu coi hgp ddng ky ke't vdi nhau la ed sd phap ly cho viec thyc bien nhffng dieu da eam ke't va lam can cff de xae dinh ldi khi cd tranh chap xay ra. Cd the ndi hgp ddng la nhan to quyet dinh sff thanh bai eiia mdt giao djch. Thff ffffdng Bd Tff phap Hoang The Lien [5] da khang dinh vai trd quan trpng eiia hgp ddng khi dng phat bieu ''Nin tdng giao dich kinh doanh Id hgp ddng, trong dd, hgp ddng thuang mgi qudc te cd y nghTa quan trgng trong bdi canh Viet Nam quyet tdm chd dgng hgi nhgp [...]" Hgp ddng quan trpng la vay, "tuy nhiin trong thuc tiin, vdn di ndy sinh trong cdc giao dich la khong it ngUdl tham gia cdc giao djch lgi khong nam vffng hodc khong hieu bli't ddy dd vi phdp lugt nin nin da khong thuc hlin dung cd ve ngi dung ldn hinh thffc cda hgp ddng md phdp lugt ddi hoi, do vgy khong it trudng hgp da xdy ra nhffng rdi ro phdp ly md chi vdi nguyin nhdn hi't sffc dan gidn vd hodn todn cd the trdnh dffgc'' [3].
Trong khudn khd bai bao nay, chiing tdi khdng ban de'n ndi dung cua mot hgp ddng thffang mgi qud'c te, vl dd la viec ciia cac chuyen gia kinh te, ma chi de cap de'n mpt sd dieu can Iffu y khi dich mpt ban hgp ddng thffang mgi, mdt dang hgp ddng kinh ti', sang Tie'ng Anh ma thdi. Viec di sau tim hieu dac diem ca'u triic va ngdn ngff eiia mpt ban hpp ddng se dffdc de cap de'n trong mpt bai bao khac.
2. KHAI NIEM HdP DONG
Theo Phdp linh Hgp ddng kinh r / ( b a n hanh ngay 28/9/1989): "Van bdn hgp
1 14 TRlJONG VAN DINH"
ddng kinh le lu mgt logi ldi lieu due bli't do cue chii the ciiu hgp ddng kinh ti' tff xdy dung tren af scf nhffng ipix dinh ciiu phdp liiiit nhu iiudc ve hgp dong kinh te; vdn bdn ndy CO giu tri phdp ly bdt huge phdi cd trdch nhlcm ihUc hicn cdc dieu khodn md cdc ben (lu thou tliuiin vu ky kit trong hgp ddng kinh le Nhd nude thUc hlin sU kle'm .sodt vd biio hi) cpixen lgi cuu cdc ben khi cim tlilel vu di/u tren cO sd ngi dung vdn bdn hgp dong kinh ti' dd ky kit."
Trong Lugt thuang mgi, Dieu 24. Hinh thffc hgp dong mua bdn hdng hda ghi ro:
/. Hgp ddng muu bun hung hdu dugc the hlin bdng ldi ndi, bdng vdn bdn hodc dugc xdc lgp bdng hdnh vl cu the;
2. Did vdi Ciic logi hgp ddng mua bun hung hda md phdp lugt quy dinh phdi dugc lap thanh vdn bun thi phdi tudn theo cdc quy dinh dd.
Cae \ a n ban phap ly neu tren cho tha'y binb thffc ciia mpt hpp ddng kinh te khdng nha't thiet chi la bdng vdn hdn. Cdn trong tie'ng Anh "Hgp dong dffdc xem "Id sU thoa thugn giffu NgUdl muu vd Nhd thdu, bao gom tdt cd cdc tdi lieu liin quan din viec .xdc dinh nghTa vu vu quyen hgn cda cdc bin nhUdd dugc thoa thudn." [2; p.9].
Ngffdi Anh cho rang "Khong cd qui dinh bdt dl bdt dich ndo dp dung cho viec sogn thdo mgt bdn hgp ddng thuang mgi hit. Mot hgp ddng thuang mgi cd the d dgng thoa thugn mleng hodc vdn bdn hodc Id d cd hai dgng ndy. Tuy nhiin, de trdnh tranh cdi khong cdn thiit, cdc ddi tdc tham gia ky kit hgp ddng nin ghi lgi td't cd nhffng dieu cdc bin dd thoa thugn bdng van bdn" [6]. Nhff vay. ngffdi Viet va ngffdi Anh deu cho phep sff dung mdt so' hlnh thffc trong viec thiet lap mpt hpp ddng thffdng mai nao dd. Dieu nay cung dffdc quy dinh trong Cong ude \'lcn 1980 d Dieu 11 "Hgp ddng mua bdn khong cdn phdi dugc ky kit hodc xuc nhgn bdng vdn bdn hay phdi tudn thu mgt yeu cau ndo khdc ve hinh thffc cda hgp ddng. Hr/p ddng cd the dffgc chffng minh bang mgi cdch, ke cd bdng nhffng ldi khai ciiu nhdn chffng." Tuy nhien, cd the thay rdng ca ngffdi Viet lan ngffdi Anh deu quy dinh rat rd nhffng dieu ciin phai cd trong mpt ban hpp ddng de trong trffdng hpp cd tranh chap xay ra, tda an se can cff vao nhffng dieu khoan hpp ddng ma cac ben da ky ma phan xd. Chang ban mpt ban hdp ddng mua ban qui dinh rd nhffng dieu khoan cd ban nbff ddi tdc tham gia ky kit hgp ddng, sd lugng, chdt lugng, chdng logi hdng hda, gid cu, diiu klcn, thdi gian giao hdng, phuang thffc thanh todn, trdch nhiem cda mdl bin va mpt so' dieu khoan cd ban khac ma cac ben tham gia ky ke't se phai nghiem tiic thffc hien. Hdp ddng cung the hien sff chan thanh ciia cac ben tham gia thdng qua nhffng cam ke't eiia minh, vl lpi ich ciia ban than cung nhff ciia dd'i tac. Luat phap se can thiep khi cd tranh chap xay ra va ben thua kien se phai chju mpi hlnh thffc xff phat theo luat djnh vdi cd sd la nhffng dieu khoan trong hpp ddng ma cac ben da ky.
DICH HOP DONG T H I J O N G MAI SANG TIENG ANH - U 5
3. DAC DIEM CAU TRUC VA NGON NG0 CUA HdP DONG THlJdNG MAI Ve ca'u triic, mpt ban hgp ddng thurfng mgi eung gidng nhff nhffng van ban hanh chinh khac, phai tuan theo mpt sd yeu eau ve ndi dung, the thffc nha't dinh, Theo luat gia Tran Anh Minh, [4; tr.l 1] mpt van ban hdp ddng kinh te gdm ed bdn phan:
a. Phan md dau: bao gdm eae ndi dung:
Qudc hiiu (rieng hpp ddng ngoai thffdng khdng ghi qude hieu vi eae cbii the loai hpp ddng nay thffdng cd qud'c tich khac nhau)
Sdvd ky hiiu hgp ddng Tin hgp ddng
Nhffng cdn cff xuc lap hgp ddng Thdi gian, dja diem ky kit hgp ddng
b. Phan thdng tin ve chu the hpp ddng; bao gdm:
- Tin doanh nghiep hodc cd nhdn tham gia hgp ddng kinh ti' (ggi chung la tin doanh nghiep)
Dia chi doanh nghiep Diin thogi, telex, fax
Tdi khodn md tgi ngdn hdng Ngffdi dgi diin ky kit
Gldy dy quyin
c. Phan npi dung cua van ban hdp ddng kinh te: bao gdm cae dieu khoan:
Ddi tffgng cda hgp ddng
Chdt iffgng, chdng logi, quy cdch, tinh ddng bg cda sdn phdm, hdng hda hodc yiu edu ky thugt cda eong viec
Gid ed Bdo hdnh
Diiu kien nghiem thu giao nhgn Phuang thffc thanh todn
Trdch nhiem do vl phgm hgp ddng kinh ti'
Cdc bien phdp bdo dam thuc hlin hgp ddng kinh te Cdc thoa thugn khdc
d. Ph^n ky ket hgfp ddng kinh te: bao gdm:
Sd lugng bdn hgp ddng cdn ky Dai dien cdc bin ky ke't
116 TRl/dNG VAN DjNH' Tuy nhicMi. Irong lieng Anh "Khdng cd qui dfnh bdt dl bdt dfch ndo dp dung cho vli'c sogn thdo mat hiin hgp ddng tliumig mgi |...|" "[...] VY) in(}t bdn hgp ddng cd the dugc dieu chinh suo eho phu hgp vdi nhitng xcu cuu cu the cda cue bin tham gia ky ket. Tux nhlcn, mgt hdn hgp ddng phdi huo hum nhffng phun khdng the thie'u niu ro nhffng dlcu khoun ciiu hgp ddng vu lain cif si'f gldl ipiye't tranh chdp trong tffc/ng lai"
\6]. Ve ed ban. ca'u true ciia mdl ban hdp ddng thffdng mai tieng Anh cd the thay ddi lily Iheo ban chat ciia nd, nhffng IKH chung eae ban hdp ddng thffdng mai thffdng bao gdm nhffng phan cd ban sau: Phdn md ddu, thdi hgn thffc hien, ngux thdng, cdc hen tham giu ky kit, phun gldl thieu, ngi dung chi tiet, danh muc nhffng van di cd liin quan, lich trinh thffc hicn vu xue nhgn ciiu cdc ben thum gia [6]. Cau true tdng the eiia mot ban hdp ddng thffdng mai lieng Anh va tie'ng Viet cho tha'y mac du ve hinh thffc ed the hai ban hdp ddng Anh va Viet ed khac nhau nhffng \ e npi dung thi ea bai ban deu ed nhffng diem ebung, qui dinh rat rd nhffng van de can phai cd de Ciic ben tham gia phai cd nghia vu thyc bien hdp ddng da ky mpt each nghiem tiic va cd trach nhiem.
Ve nguyen tae sff dung ngdn ngff va van pham trong \ an ban hpp ddng kinh te.
Phdp chi' da ghi rd "Hgp ddng kinh ti' la mgt vdn bdn phdp ly nin ngi dung hgp ddng phdi hit sUc rd rdng, cu the, chinh xdc [...]" [1; tr.75]. Dieu nay cung dffpc luat gia Tran Anh Minh trinh bay cbi tiet trong an pha'm KY THUAT SOAN THAO H0P DONG KINH TE [4; tr.l7-tr.21]. Cu the la:
a. Ngon ngff trong cdc vdn bdn hgp ddng kinh tc phdi chinh xdc, cu the, drfn nghTa.
b. Chi dffgc sff dung nhffng tff thong dung, phd biin trong cue vdn bdn hgp ddng kinh ti', trdnh dung cdc thd ngff (tli'ng dja phuang) hodc tli'ng long.
c. Trong vdn bdn hgp ddng kinh te khdng dugc tuy tien ghep chff, ghep tli'ng, khong tuy tien thay ddi tff ngff phdp ly vu kinh te.
d. Trong vdn bdn hgp ddng kinh tc khong dffgc dung chff thffa vo ich, khong tdy tiin dung chff "v.v... hodc ddu "...
e. Vdn phgm trong van bdn hgp ddng kinh tc phdi nghiem tuc, dfft khodt.
f. Vdn phgm trong van bdn hgp ddng kinh ti'phdi ro rdng, ngan ggn vd dd y.
Trong tieng Anh, cac tieu bang ciia My cung cd nhffng qui djnh ra't rd rang ve viec sd dung tff ngff va ca'u triic ciia mot hdp ddng thffdng mai. Dien hlnh la Dgo lugt Ngon ngffRo rdng (Plain Language Law) ciia tieu bang Connecticut (CONNECTICUT PLAIN LANGUAGE LAW) [7] trong dd ghi rd:
Ve tieu chi, mpt hdp ddng thffdng mai dffpc vie't bang ngdn ngff rd rang neu tuan thu nhffng yeu cau sau:
DICH HO? DONG THUONG MAI SANG TIENG ANH - UJ a. Dung cau vd dogn ngan;
b. Dung tff phd thong;
c. Dung dgi tff nhdn xUng, tin that hodc rdt ggn cuu cue dd'l tdc tham gia ky ki't hgp ddng;
d. Dung dgng tff dan vd d dgng chd dgng;
e. Dung kieu chff de dgc;
f. Dung logi niiic khdc vdi mdu gldy;
g. Dung ddu di vu cdc tieu muc dugc in dgm;
h. Cd hinh thffc trinh bdy vd khodng cdch giffa cdc hdng hgp ly;
I. Dffgc vli't rd rdng, chdt che.
- Ve hlnh thffc \ a so' Iffdng tff trong mdt eau, luat eiia bang Connecticut cung qui dinh:
a Sd Iffgng tir trung binh trong mot cau khong qud hai mual hai;
b Khong cd cau ndo trong hgp dong qud ndm mual tff;
c. So Iffgng tff trung binh mdl dogn khong qud bdy mual ldm;
d. Khong dogn ndo trong hgp ddng vugt qud mgt trdm ndm mUal tff;
e. So Iffgng dm tli't moi tff khong qud 1.55;
f. Khong dung phong chff dffdi tdm;
g. Cho phep moi phdn vd moi dogn cdch nhau it nhdt 3/16 Inch;
h. Ni'u hgp ddng la mgt bdn In thi moi phdn phdi cd ddu di vd ddu di phdi dffgc in dgm vd dffgc ggch chdn;
L Do ddi trung binh cdc hdng khong qud sdu mffal ldm ky tu.
Cd the tha'y tieng Anh lan tie'ng Viet deu cd nhffng quy djnh bet sffc chat che ffong viec soan thao mdt hpp ddng. Tuy nhien, thyc te cho tha'y viec dich hdp ddng thydng mai sang tie'ng Anh cd ra't nhieu va'n de can lyu y.
4. M O T S O VAN DE CAN L U U Y KHI DICH HdP DONG THl/dNG MAI SANG TIENG ANH
Chung ta deu biet rang "Dich cdc tdi lieu phdp lugt, vdn bdn lugt, hgp ddng kinh ti', ngi quy cda td chffc, la nhu cau cdn thli't phuc vu cho cdc hogt dgng kinh ti' xd hgi Cdc vdn bdn phdp ly cdn phdi dffgc chuyen ngff chudn xdc bdi cdc chuyin gia ngogi ngff am tudng vi Lugt hgc vd ldm viec vdi sff cdn trgng, tinh thdn trdch nhiem cao"
[11]. Theo khao sat cua chung tdi, ca 33 ngydi (100%) da tffng hoac dang tham gia soan thao va djch hgp ddng thffang mgi deu khdng nam dffdc ca'u true va ngdn tff dffpc sff dung trong mpt ban hgp ddng thffang mgi tie'ng Anh. Ta't ca chi ddn gian la tham khao nhffng ban hdp ddng cd sdn hodc dffa theo cac ban hpp ddng mau tirong cac cudn
s
TRlJONG VAN DJNH""cum nung thuang mgi" hoac dieb lai ban hgp ddng thuang mgi tff tieng Viet. Day la
\ an cle can hel sue Iffu y. Trong giao thffdng vdi eae ea nhan, td chffc, cdng ty nydc ngoai,
\d\ tieng Anh kim pluidng tien giao tiep. hdp ddng (Iffde viel theo bd eiJC rat chat che, dae thii nia eae be-n giao dieb deu phai tuan iheo. Do vay, khi soan thao va dich hgpddng ihuo'ng mgi iiiide lc \ lee ndm xii'ng eau true va ngdn ngff ciia nd va bien dieb chinh xac sang tieng Anh la he-i siie can thiet. De tim hieu van de n;iy, ehiing ldi chpn lam ngff lieu .50 ban hdp ddng thfft^g iiiai \d\ dp dai tff02 den 07 irang dffdc dieb sang tie'ng Anh bdi nhffng nhan \ ien iiguo'i Viet clang lam vice eho eae edng ty cd giao dich vdi eae ddi tac nii'o'e ngoai. MurnL' ban hc.tp cK'nig nay ed do tin eay eao \ i ti^i'l ca deu la nhffng ban saoco ea (lau. eliff k\ eua eae deu tae tham gia ky kei va da dffdc thpc thi day du. Khao sat 50 ban hdji ddng na\ theo tieu ehi de- ra trong Dgo lucit Ngon ngff Rd rung cua tieu bang ( onncetieul. ehiing tdi nhan ihay hau hel ea 50 ban hdp ddng nay deu dap ffng hau nhff tai ea eae lieu ehi c]ii> dinh trong Duo lugt ngoai trff muc d \ a muc /. Cd 08 ban hpp ddng diing dc)ng tir d dgng bi dgng ihay \ i phai diing d dgng chu dgng nhff qu> dinh d muc d.
"Dung (long tff difn vd (f dgng chu dgng." Chang ban:
Insurance shall be borne bx the Seller, covering all risks for 10% of invoice value, showing claims payable in Ho Chi Minh Clix, \ ietnam.
hoac la:
The installation and training workers will be fullx curried out bv the seller's deuler In Vietnuiu.
Ngoai ra. xet theo tieu cbi /. "Dugc viit ro rdng, chdt che;" quy dinh trong Dgo lugt. chiing tdi nhan tha'y cac ban dich hdp ddng nay eon ed mdt so van de ean Iffu y. Thit nhdt. nhffng ban dich hpp ddng nay da mac phai rat nhieu ldi dang tiec. Tat ca 50 ban hdp ddng deu miie ldi \ di ban it nha't la 05 ldi, ban nhieu nha't la 277 ldi. Chiing tdi phan chia cae ldi ngffdi dich hdp ddng thffdng mai sang tieng Anh mrie phai lam hai loai ehinh: ldi hinh thdc \ a ldi ngi dung. Ke't qua cu the dffpc trinh ba> qua bang dffdi day:
Bdng 1. Sd phdn trdm lol trong cdc bdn hgp ddng thuang mgi dugc djch sung tieng Anh
Loai loi So' HD mdc
Idi So'
%
Hlnh thffc Diing
quoc hipu
7 14
Chinh ta
50 100
Dau edu
10 20
Thi 7 14
Npi dung Ngff phap Dang
8 16
Phdn tff 12 24
Mao tff 36 60
Dang tff 16 32
Gidi tff 42 84
Cau true 10 20
Dung sai SHALL
31 62
DICH HOP DONG THUONG MAI SANG TIENG ANH - 119 Ve iSl hlnh thffc, 14% sdhdp ddng dffpc khao sat vie't ca Qudc bleu. Dieu nay la
khong nen "vi cdc bin tham gia ky ki't hgp ddng cd nhffng qudc tjch khdc nhau" Dac biet, 100% hdp ddng khao sat deu mae ldi chinh td vdi ban it nha't la 02 ldi va ban nhieu nha't la 107 ldi. 20% ban hdp ddng mae ldi diing ddu cuu (punctuation).
Lol ngi dung he't sffc da dang, tff Idi ve each diing thi (tenses) eho de'n ldi ve dung shall. LSI gidi tff va mgo tff la hai diem can quan tam vl xae xua't mac ldi kha cao vdi 84% va 60% theo thff Iff dd. Chang han: phai dung ON/UPON sau binding trong eau:
The arbitration awards shall be final and binding on/upon both parties.
hoac la THE can phai ed trong cau:
One set of copies of die documents shall be fa.xed or scanned to the_ buyer within 07 days after the_ shipment.
Khao sat eho tha'y hpp ddng cang dai thi bai loai ldi nay cang nhieu. Thff hai, cd tdi 62% ban hdp ddng dung "wilT" thay vl phai dung "Shall" Trong tie'ng Anh, "Dgo lugt vd hgp ddng thudng sff dung "shall" vd "shall not" de diin td hdnh dgng mang tinh bdt bugc hodc sff cdm dodn" [10] Chang ban:
"777/5 CONTRACT shall be executed In the English language. All communication In connection with this CONTRACT and its peiformance shall also be in English language."
hoac la:
"The CONTRACT shall be made In fourteen (14) originals In English. OWNER shall keep seven (07) originals; CONTRACTOR shall keep seven (07) originals. In addition.
Exhibits and appendixes shall be made In fourteen (14) originals In English. OWNER shall keep seven (07) originals; CONTRACTOR shall keep seven (07) original. All sets of the CONTRACT and It's Exhibits, Attachments and/or Appendixes shall have the same legality" [9].
ThU ba, can lyu y cac td hpp tff ra't phd bien trong cac van ban luat va hdp ddng nhff: hereinafter/herein (trong tai lieu nay), hereby (do dd), hereof (lien quan de'n tai heu nay), hereto (theo day), herewith (vdi tai lieu nay), thereof/therefrom (tff dd), thereto (theo dd), thereby (bang each dd), thereafter (sau do), thereunder (dffdi dd); whereby (nhd do), whereof/wherefrom (tff do), wherein (d khia canh nao dd). Nhffng ngffdi dich cac ban hpp ddng thffdng mai ma chiing tdi khao sat hau nhff khdng sff dung nhffng td hpp tff nay, ngoai trff trong 02 cum tff ''Hereinafter called the Buyer/the Seller" bode la ''Hereinafter referred to as The Buyer/The Seller" Cd khd nang la do hp khdng nam dffpc each dung cua chung. Neu sff dung nhffng td hpp tff nay dung chd se giiip lam cho van ban hpp ddng hp dich cd ve "rd rdng, chat che" va "tunhiin" theo each nhin nhan cua ngffdi Anh. That may la nhffng ldi neu yen khdng anh hffdng de'n viec tiiffc hien cac ban hpp ddng. Nhyng du sao thi dd cung la hdi chuong canh tinh ddi vdi nhffng ngffdi lam cdng tac bien djch hdp ddng thffdng mai. Hp can hieu rang "Chinh xdc la mgt yi'u td cue
120 TRUONG VAN DjNH' kx quan trgng khi djch cue lui lli'ti phdp liiiit. Cho du tul lieu bgn dich la mgt bdn hgp ddng thuang mgi luix la mgt hun eung dl nffu thi ed the hgn .se phdi tru gid ddt vi mgt lol nhd nhgt hogc do hd bdt mgt lif ndo dux Irong bun djch guy ru" j 11 ].
5. KET LUAN
Hop (long ndi chung \a //(//; ddng thuifng mgi ndi rieng la mpt loai van ban mang tinh dae thu ncn phai luan iheo nhffng quy dinh he^l sffe chat ehe ve binb thffc va luii dung. Ngdn ngff hdp ddng phai mang linh phd thdng, ngdn ggn, rd rung, van pham phai chinh .xdc, bdi \i "Hgp ddng cd ihe bi vl phgm do cdch hdnh vdn xeu kem vd ngdn ngff vie I khdng rd rung" va "\7e< sff dung ngdn tff khdng hodn chinh, chinh xdc hay khdng ri) rung thudng tgo ru ke hd vu nhffng cui buy (trap doors)" [8]. Do dd, khi dich mdt ban hdp ddng thffdng mai sang lieng Anb ean Iffu y mpt so' \ a n de. Thff nhdt, khdng diing Qudc hieu. Thff hai, dDiig "shull" thay vi "will" de dien dat nghia vu va trach nhiem. ThU ba, ncn sff dung cae td hdp tff nhd hereinafter, thereby \ a whereof d nhffng vi tri thich hdp nhdm tang linh trang trpng, chat cbe cho ban hdp ddng. Thff tu, can tranh eac Idi ehinb ta va ldi ngff phap cd ban. Ndi tdm lai, nhffng ngffdi lam cong tac bien dieb hdp ddng thffdng mai sang tieng Anh ludn phai khdng ngffng bpc hoi, nang eao trlnb dp tie'ng Anh de ed the bien dieb ehinb xac ndi dung ciia ban hdp ddng, giiip tranh nhffng rac rdi dan de'n tranh chap khdng dang cd trong giao dieb vdi dd'i tac nffdc ngoai vi trinh dp tie'ng Anh cdn ban che eua hp.
TAI LIEU THAM KHAO
[I] Cong tdc phdp che, ehe do hop ddng kinh te from; xi nghiep edm; nghiep qudc doanh. Nxb Sff That, (1978).
[2] Cung Kim Tien dich, English for International Commercial Law, N\b DHQG Ha Npi, (2001).
[3] Phdp hlin ky ndng ky kei Hop ddng kinh te thUittig mgi. Dau tU & US mdu hop dong thdng dung mdl nhdt thudng dung, Nxb Thdng ke. Ha Noi. (2002).
[4] Tran Anh Minh, A'y thugt .soan thdo HDKT, Nxb Tp. HCM. (1993).
[5] Van Tien, Doanh nghiep Viet Nam ehua quen ky Hgp ddng thuong mgi qudc te, vietnamnet.vn 14:48 13-12-2004
[6] hltp://www.myla\\yer.co.uk/ml/index.etni'.'e\ent=base:
article&node=A76062BD32716
[7] http://www.google.com. vn/seareh?elient=firefox-a&rls=org.mozilla%3Aen USVf 3Aoffieial&channel=s&hl=\ i&source=hp&q=Plain-i-Language-i-Consumer+
Contract-i-Act&meta=&blnG=T7fC37fACm-i-v%El%BB%9Bi-i-GoogIe
[8] http://www.ehow.com/list_6472266_ideas-protecting-contract-language.html [9] http://eontraels.onecle.com/gravity/gravity-interactive.sales.2003.04.01.shtml [10] Shall and ivi/Z-Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
[ I I ] www.tinhthongtranslation.com
DICH HOP DONG THUONG MAI SANG TIENG ANH - 121 SUMMARY
SOME NOTEWORTHY PROBLEMS ABOUT TRANSLATING SALES CONTRACTS INTO ENGLISH
Truong Van Dinh The article is about some problems lo which anyone engaged in the translating of sales contracts into English should pay attention. These problems are related lo ihe form, organization and language t>pieally used in this type of text. Adequate attention paid to these will help improve the quality of the translation and avoid regrettable troubles out of ignorance.
•"Khoa Ngoai ngi?, TriTdng Dai hoc Quy Nhdn
Ngay nhan bai: 13/02/2011: Ngay nhan (Jang: 04/.'i/2011.
