48 TRLTCiNG B A I H D C T H U B O H A NiSlI
BOI Dl/dNG VA DAO TAO
Dpi NGU HirdNG DAN VIEN DU LICH TINH NGUVEN Hd TRP NGUON NHAN LlTC DU LICH THU DO HA Npi
Le Thi Thu Hutmg Tnr&ng Dgi hgc Tim dd Hd Ngi
Tdm Idt: Trudc ldc dg tdng trudng cda ngdnh du Ijch, vifc thiiu hyl ngudn nhdn lyc di ddp dng cho nhi^m vu phal Iriin bin vitng cua Thd do dang Id mgl vdn de ddng quan tdm. Bdi nghien ciru ddnh gid thyc trgng dgi nga Hudng ddn vien du ljch cua Hd Ngi va dc xudl nhitng gidi phdp bdi dudng vd ddo tgo dgi ngS hudng ddn vien du ljch linh nguyin di hd Irg ngudn nhdn luc cho suphdt triin cua ngdnh du Ifch Thu do Hd Ngi.
Tu khda: Hudng ddn vien. du ljch. linh nguyen. Hd Ngi, ngudn nhdn luc Nhgn bdi ngdy 10.3.2020; gui phdn biin, chinh sua, duyit dang ngdy 28.3.2020 Liin h4 tdc gid: Li Thj Thu Huang; Email: Ilthuongt^aihocthudo.edu.vn 1. DAT VAN DE
Hd NOi vdi bd ddy lich sii ''ngdn nam vdn hidn" la noi cd tdi 5.922 di tich ljch sii vdn hda dd dupc xep loai. Trdn khdp dal nude Viet Nam khdng cd dia phuang ndo hpi ty dupc mpt khdi lupng Idn cac di san vdn hda tidu bidu dai didn chung cua nhdn loai, ciia qudc gia nhu d Ha Npi. Di san vdn hda Thdng Long - Ha Ndi Id ngudn tai nguydn du lich quan frpng nhal vd Id ngudn luc hang dau eho nhidm vu phal fridn ben viing ciia Thu dd. Du ljch ca nude ndi chung va Hd Ndi ndi ridng ludn la mdt nganh kinh td mui nhpn, dieu nay da dupc khang dinh frong cac Nghi quydt ciia Tnmg uang vd Thii do. Lupng khach qudc td va khach npi dja ddn manh dal Thii dd tdng theo cap sd nhdn hang nam. Tuy nhidn, dd dap ling vdi tdc dp idng frudng ndy. Ha NOi lai ddi mat vdi vdn dd thidu ngudn nhan lyc chdt lupng phyc vy cho vide phdt fridn nganh du lich. dac bidt la luc lupng Hudng dan vien du Ijch (HDVDL). Mpt trong nhimg ly do dan tdi vdn dd nay la do Ha Npi chua khai thdc tdi ngudn lyc la sd lupng ddng ddo tiianh nidn la hpc sinh (HS), sinh vidn (SV) tiiam gia vao boat dOng fruydn thdng. qudng ba cho Thii dd thdng qua cdc hoat dOng du lich.
Nhdn thay thanh nidn la lyc lupng trd, yeu du Mch vd cd ca hpi tham gia vao cdc hoat dpng quang ba du lich. nhirng ndm qua, Sd Du lich Ha Ndi da tap hpp sinh vien cdc frudng
Z A P CHI KHDA HDD - BD 3 B / Z 0 2 0 49
Tha ^^ ^ *^^° ^ ° ^^^ ^'^" ^ " '''^^' "^^^ ^ ° * ^ ^ ®'^ ^^° ^^' ^"^ nguyen HDV Du Mch _ g Long dd tiiyc hidn cdc hoat dOng quang ba du Mch cho Thu dd. Ngoai ra, ciing ed leu to chiic. cdu lac bp khdc dupc hinh tiianh vdi cimg myc dich. Tuy nhidn. hoat ddng cua lyc lupng tinh nguydn vidn ndy cdn nhidu bdt cap. ndn cdn cd giai phap bdi dudng. dao tao de nang cao chdt lupng ngudn nhan lyc, bd sung vao dOi ngii HDVDL cua Thii dd. Ben canh dd, vide tao ra nhihtig ca chd tiiich hpp dd tiiu hut nhidu smh vien ddn vdi nganh du hch cung la mpt didu dang dupc luu tam.
2. N O l DUNG
2.1. Thvt: trang dpi ngii Hirdng dSn vien du Ijch ciia Hd Npi
Hien nay, frdn ed nude cd tdt ca 91 trudng dai hpc cd dao tao nganh du lich, frong dd Hd Ndi hien ed 17 trudng. Ciing vdi cdc cdc irudng dao tao sinh vidn nganh du Mch ttr tiid ky XX^nhu: Dai Hpc Khoa Hpc Xd HOi va Nhdn Vdn - Dai Hpc Qudc Gia Ha Ndi. Dai hpc Kinh te Qudc dan, Dai hpc Md Hd Ndi, Cao ddng du lich Ha Npi,... thi bude sang Uid ky XX, mdt sd trudng dai hpc chuydn ddi theo hudng da nganh ciing dao tao du Mch nhu: Dai hpc Thu dd Ha NOi, Dai hpc Ha NOi, Dai hpc Vdn hda... Trudc su phdt frien cua ngdnh du lich d yidt Nam, day la mOt ngdnh hpc dupc nhidu sinh vien quan tdm vi cd rdt nhidu lya chpn hap ddn vd ca hpi vide Iam. Vdi vdn kien ihiic va kl nang dupc hpc tai trudng, sinh vidn sau khi tdt nghidp cd thd trd ihanh didu hanh du ljch (nghien ciru thj trudng, xdy dyng cdc sdn pham du lich, td chiic cdc hoat dOng marketing va ban cdc sdn phdm Men quan), quan Iy doanh nghidp lir hanh va trd thdnh hudng dan vidn du lich.
De dupe cdp thd Hudng ddn vidn du Uch ndi dja, mdt frong nhirng ydu cau ung vidn cdn phai ddp ling Id da tdt nghidp chuydn nganh hudng ddn du lich hodc dd tham gia khda hpc nghidp vu hudng ddn vien du lich ngan ban, va cd chiing chi hudng ddn vien du lich theo dling tidu chuan cua Tdng cue du lich Viet Nam. Ddi vdi Hudng ddn vidn du lich qudc te, img vidn can phai cd thdm chiing chi ngoai ngQ- theo chuan qudc td. Vi du nhu: lETLS tir 5.5 didm frd Idn, cac ngoai ngti khac tir bdc 4 khung chau Au frd Idn (N2. HSK4 + HSKK....). Vdi nhting irng vidn hpc cao dang, dai hpc chuydn nganh ngoai ngu. hodc cd bdng tdt nghidp tai nude ngodi thi dupc midn didu nay.
Mdc dll vdy, frong thuc td nhidu ngudi coi nghd du lieh la nghd tay trdi. Chinh vi vay ma thay vi frau ddi kT ndng vd vdn kidn tinic dd ndng cao trinh dp thi hp chi lua chpn hudng ddn vidn du lich nhu mdt nghd lam ngodi gid de kiem them thu nhap. Bdn canh dd.
nhieu sinh vien tdt nghidp chuyen ngdnh ngoai ngQ- va sinh vidn cac chuydn ngdnh khac chi vi khdng tim dupc vide ldm ma chuydn sang Idm hudng ddn vidn ndn hp da bd qua qua frinh dao tao tii cae bude co ban md tdt ca cdc sinh vidn hpc nganh du lich ddu phdi tiiuc hidn. Didu nay da vd dang ldm dnh hudng tdi chat lupng dOi ngii hudng dan vien va hidu qua ciia cdng tac qudng bd du lich Thii dd ldi du khach frong nude va qudc te.
Cac tidu chuan va ydu cau vd cdng tac hudng ddn du ljch dd dupc quy dinh ngay tir thdi ky ddu phdt fridn. cu thd thdng qua cdc quy dmh: Quy che quan ly hudng ddn du lich nam 199^- '''^^P '^^^ ^^ ''*^^ '^^^' ^"^^ ^^ ^^^^ ^^^^ ^^ ^"^' ^^ ^^^^ 2017 (iha) tiid luat du
50 i: T R U C J N G S A I H O C T H U B D HA NOI
lich 2005). Theo Vy Lii hdnh. Tdng cyc du lich: Ndm 2018 da cdp mdi 5.080 tiid HDV, ddi 1.571 tiie. Ddn ngay 31.122018. ca nude ed 23.792 HDV, frong do cd 15.080 hudng dSn vidn du Mch qudc te. 8.450 hudng dan \ idn du lich nOi dia. 262 hudng dan vidn du ljch tai didm. Tinh ddn giOa thang 8.2019. sd lupng HDV tidp tyc tang, dat fren 25.500 HDV. Vi vdy. van dd ddt ra la Iam thd nao de cd du sd Hudng dan vidn phuc vy lupng khdch du lich ddng dao tdi Hd Npi frong thdi gian ldi. MOt trong nhthig gidi phdp sdng tao dd dupc dira ra la hinh thanh cac nhdm hudng dan vidn du lich tinh nguyen vdi ndng cdt la sinh vien chuj en nganh du Mch dd dupe ddo tao.
Tai Ha NOi, dd cd nhidu nhdm Hudng dan vidn du lich tinh nguydn dupc hinh thanh dd dan khdch nude ngoai mien phi vdi myc dich tdng cucmg kT ndng giao tiep bdng ti^ng Anh cho sinh vien. Tidu bidu nhdt Id nhdm Hanoi kids. Day la CLB tidng Anh tmh nguydn dupc thdnh l^p ttr thdng 5/2006 tai Ha Ndi. Vdi muc dich tao ra mOt mdi trudng hpc tiing Anh mdi md vd hidu qud cho sinh vidn, hoat dOng chinh ciia Hanoikids chinh la vide hudng din tour tinh nguy&n cho khdch du Mch nude ngoai tai Hd Ndi. Sau 10 ndm hoat dOng, din nay, CLB dd trd tiianh mOt td chiic Idn manh vcd thdnh vien den tir ddng ddo cae trudng d^i hpc fren dja bdn Ha Npi. Hay cd thd kd den cdc nhdm khac nhu: Hanoi Free Private Tour Guide, Hanoi Free Tour Guide... ciing dang cd nhthig hoat ddng ddng gdp cho vide qudng bd hinh dnh ciia Thii do. Thdng qua vide ldm hudng din vidn tinh nguydn nay, sinh vidn cdn cd thd cd thdm thu nhap ttr tidn "boa" ciia du khdch vd vi vdy, vide Iam ndy frd thdnh nghd Idm tiidm ciia nhidu nhdm Sinh vidn.
2.2. Boi durdng, dao tao ngu6n nhan lyc Hirdng ddn vien Du Ijch finh nguy|n Nhan lyc du Mch Id mdt frong nhiing yeu td quan frpng quydt dinh chdt lupng sdn phdm du lich va dOi ngu Hudng din vidn Du Mch (HDVDL) anh hudng fruc tidp tdi cdm nh§n cua du khdch ddi vdi mdi Tour, didm den. Chinh vi vdy, dk phdt tridn du Mch ciia mpt dia phuang, cdng tdc bdi dudng, ddo tao ngudn nhan lye HDVDL Id vd ciing cdn tiiiet.
Vide tan dung ngudn lyc hpc sinh. sinh vidn tham gia vao dOi ngii HDVDL tinh nguy^ Id mOt gidi phdp sang tao frong bdi cdnh tdng trudng ciia nganh Du ljch tai Viet Nam ndi chung va Ha Ndi ndi ridng.
HDVDL hay cdn gpi la Tour Guide la ngudi hoat ddng frong ITnh vuc Du lich, sii dung ngdn ngii dd gidi tiiieu va giai tiiich nhimg tiidng tin chinh xac nhdt vd danh Iam tiidng canh, didn tich. di san vdn hda, tiiidn nhien ciia mOt khu vyc nao dd lidn quan ddn mye dich du lich eiia khach. Ve mdt lir hanh, HDVDL la ngudi tiiuc hidn didu khoan nOi dung dupc tiida thudn. cam kdt frong hpp ddng cung ling dieh vy du lich Itr hanh vdi mye dich mang Iai doanh tiiu cho doanh nghidp. Ngoai ra, HDVDL cQng cung cdp nhtmg thdng tin lidn quan ddn cdc didm tham quan frong sudt chuydn hanh frinh.
HDVDL linh nguydn la nhtmg Sinh vidn, Hpc sinh phd thdng fren dia bdn thdnh phd.
Didm manh ciia nhtmg hudng ddn vien du lich lmh nguy?n nay la sue frd, su nhiet tinh, ham hpc hdi, kham p h i dd ddng thich nghi vdi nhtmg thay ddi, dac bidt la rdt nhidu ngudi cd frinh dp ngoai ngii tdt. nhidu ngudi tiianh thao nhidu hon mdt ngoai ngff. Tuy nhidn, ddi
TAP CHI KHDA H D D - SD 3B/2aZD
crng nay cung cd rdt nhidu han chd. Hpc sinh, smh vien do cdn ban rdn vdi cdng viec hpc .p nen hp thudng chi tham gia cdng vide Hudng dan vien khi cd tiidi gian rdnh, tiiudng Id cuoi tuan dan ddn vide phdn bo nguon luc khdng dong ddu va ddc bidt tiiidu HDV trong nhung tiiang cao didm khi lupng du khdch dd vd ddng diing tiidi didm hpc sinh, sinh vien fV*^" ^ ^ !^^^ * ' • ^eodi ra, kien tinic vd vdn hda, du Mch, nghidp vy hudng dan cua nhting hpc sinh, sinh vidn tmh nguyen nay chua dupc dao tao bdi ban, chii ydu tir doc, tu hpc roi Iam hudng dan du khach ndn sd cd nhiing han che ve kien tinic, nghidp vy, ddi khi gay ra nhting su cd khdng ddng cd frong cdng vide. Da sd lyc luong hudng dan vien du Mch tmh nguy&n chua cd thd HDVDL ndi dia va qudc td ndn gdp nhidu khd khan trong vi?c hanh nghd. Vi vdy. cdng tdc bdi dudng, dao tao lyc lupng nay mot each bai ban va chuydn nghiep la cdng vide vd cimg quan frpng.
Vai cong tdc bgi duang luc hrgng HDVDL tinh nguyen, vide bdi dudng tiidm kT ndng nghidp vy, kidn thiic van hda cho nhihig tmh nguydn vidn da timg tiiam gia hoat dOng HDVDL tinh nguydn Id didu cd thd tien hanh trudc nhdt. Cdc HDVDL tinh nguydn c4n phdi ddp ling nhting yeu cdu ca bdn nhu: Cac kT ndng nghidp vy phdi Id nhthig kT ndng mdi ddp ung tidu chudn nghd ASEAN, eac kidn thiic vd du Mch phdi dupc cap nhdt tiiudng xuyen vd la nhirng kidn ihiie tii cdc ngudn chinh thdng.
V&i cong tdc ddo tgo luc hrgng HDVDL tinh nguyen, vide ddo tao chu ydu ddnh cho ddi tupng la hpc sinh, sinh vien tham gia cdng vide Hudng din vidn lan dau. Chuong frinh ddo tao can hudng vd cdc ndi dung nhu: Nhdm kidn thirc vdn hda (Dao tao kidn tiiuc ve van hda, du lich ciia Thii do), Nhdm nghiep vy (Dao tao kT nang nghiep vu hudng dan du lieh), Nhdm ky nang mem (KT nang giao tidp vd ung xu vdi mpi tinh hudng).
2 3 . Cdc dieu kien quan trpng, can thiet nang cao chat Iirpng dpi ngii Hudng dan vien Du lich tinh nguydn
Lira chgn doi titgng tham gia phii hgp. Chat lupng HDVDL anh hudng true tidp tdi frai nghidm ciia du khach. nen viec lya chpn ddi tupng tham gia vdo dpi ngii HDVDL tinh nguydn phii hpp se ddm bao chat lupng dpi ngii cai thidn dang kd. Nen chpn ddi tupng tham gia la cdc hpc sinh, sinh vien, euu sinh vidn khdng chi cd khd ndng hpc hdi tdt md cdn cdn cd dam md vdi lich sii vd van hda cua vimg ddt Thii dd nghin ndm van hidn. Td chdt tdt se giiip dpi ngu HDVDL tinh nguydn thich nghi nhanh vdi nhting kidn thtic mdi nhung chinh su dam md se la didu kidn quan frpng dnh hudng tdi su truydn dat tiidng tin tdi du khach. De nhin nhdn dupc su dam md tir ung vidn, vide mydn chpn qua vdng phdng van Id cdn thidt. Bdn canh dd, nhtmg sinh vien. euu sinh vidn hpc chuyen ngdnh Du Ijch. da cd ndn tang ve kT ndng ciing nhu kidn tinic hanh nghe ndn dupc uu tidn khi ddng k>' tham gia chuong trinh.
Gdn kil trong cdc to chuc Dodn, Hdi Dd ndng cao chat Iuong lyc lupng HDVDL tinh ntruydn, vide gdn kdt frong cdc td chuc Hdi: Nhu Dodn Thanh nien. HOi sinh vidn Id vd CLins can thiet. Dodn Thanh nidn vd Hpi sinh vidn chinh Id nhirng luc lupng quan frpng, ludn tidn phong frong cac phong trao eua sinh vien cung nhu thanh nidn trdn loan dia ban
52 |, TRUdNG BAI H D C THU S D HA N 6 |
Thanh phd Ha Ndi. Hai td chiic nay cd anh hudng rdt Idn tdi ddi sdng ciia sinh vidn ndn hidu qud truydn thdng mang Iai se rdt tich cyc ndu nhu cd sy gdn kdt va chung tay gi&a hai td chirc. MOt trong nhiing phong trao thdnh cdng tidu bidu dupc dan ddt bdi Doan thanh nidn Id Chidn dich Miia he xanh dien ra vao thang 7 hang ndm, khi hang nghin sinh vidn thii dd lam thdi gae lai cudc sdng hdi ha. khoac len minh chiec do xanh va di d^n nhiing vung qud giiip ngudi dan noi dd cd cudc sdng tdt hon.
Sir phdi hgp giita S& Du lich Ha Ndi v&i cdc iru&ng Cao ddng, Dgi hgc trin dja bdn cd ddo igo du ljch. Su phdi hpp hidu qua giita cac ca quan chuc ndng sd mang tai nhthig tin hi?u tich cyc cho chien dich. Trong thdi gian vira qua, Sd Du lieh Ha Npi dd ket hpp vdi cdc trudng Cao ddng, Dai hpc trdn dia ban thanh phd Ha NOi cd dao tao chuydn nganh Du ljch dd xay dyng dOi ngii HDVDL tinh nguydn trdn dja ban Ha NOi.
Td chirc tgp hudn tru&c khi ra qudn
Bdn canh nhiing ydu Id dupc dd cap d trdn. vide td chuc tap huan kien thiic, nghi&p vu cho hpc sinh. sinh vidn tinh nguy?n trudc khi ra qudn ddng vai frd quydt dinh tdi hieu qua ciia dpi ngu HDVDL tinh nguydn. Khi dupc trang bi ddy du kien thiic vd nhthig ki ndng phll hpp, HDVDL sd dii ty tin dd hodn Ihdnh nhidm vu ciia minh. Dd cd mpt chuong trinh t§p huan hidu qua trude khi ra quan, co sd dao lao cdn nghien ciiu gido frinh ddo lao chudn phll hpp vdi cac ddi tupng tham gia va dam bdo phan loai doi tupng tham gia neu cAn thiet.
Vi sy khdc bidt co ban giQ-a cac HDVDL tinh nguydn da dupc dao tao tai cdc frudng du lich vd cdc HDVDL tinh nguydn "nghidp du" la nhting kidn thuc ndn tang tir trudc vd kinh nghi?m ndn s& rat khd khan ndu nhthig ngudi mdi vao nghd phdi hpc giao frinh gidng nhthig ngudi dd hpc tu trudc.
2.4. Mgt so hoat dgng ciia Dpi tinh nguyen "Ho t r p Du Hch Thang Long - Ha Ngi"
DOi "Hd frp du Mch Thdng Long - Hd Ndi" Id mOt cau lac bO (CLB) HDVDL tinh nguydn boat dpng tai cac khu di tich, thang cdnh, dja didm tham quan tap trung ddng du khdch frong nude vd qudc id lai Ha Ndi nhu: Khu \arc Hodng Thanh Thdng Long; Khu vyc hd Hodn Kidm va tupng ddi vua Ly Thai Td. \'udn hoa Bat Giac; Khu Vdn Mieu - Quoc Tir Giam; Khu vyc Phd cd vd Chp dem Hd NOi: Qudy tiidng tin du lich phd Ld Thach va s6 28 phd Hang Ddu. Ddi tupng tham gia dpi tinh nguyen Id cdc doan vidn, sinh vidn cd siic khde tdt, cd >' thiic kj' ludL tinh thdn frach nhidm cao; cd kdt qua hpc tap, rdn luydn tdt, c6 kha ndng giao tidp bdng tidng Anh. cac ngoai ngu khac vd ydu thich tham gia cdc hoat dOng tinh nguydn.
Sau khi dupc tuydn chpn. cdc tinh nguydn vidn tidp tyc dupc Ban qudn Iy cac don vi lap hudn kidn ihiic, nghiep vu chuyen sdu ciia dia ban dupc phan cdng, dong thdi tidn hdnh hoat dpng tinh nguyen dudi sy dieu hdnh true tidp eiia cac Ban quan ly vdi cdc nhidm vy cy the: Tu)dn truydn vd cac gia frj vdn hda, lich sii- ciia di tich, danh thdng; Hd frp nghiep vu du lich tai di tich. danh thang; Hd frp. hudng dan. tidp ddn du khdch trong nude vd quoc te:
Tham gia giii gin ve sinh mdi tiordng, lam dep canh quan di lich, danh tiidng; Tham gia ho frp khach du lich tai qudy tiidng tin du lich phd Ld Thach va sd 28 phd Hang Ddu; Tham
T ^ P C H I K H D A H D C - B D 3 B / Z O Z a || 53
gia cdc boat dOng. su kien du Mch trdn dia ban Thanh phd dupe phan cdng.
Khi hodn thanh nhi?m vy. cdc thanh vien sd dupc cap gidy chiing nhan ciia Sd Du Mch Ha NOi, dupc khen thudng ndu dat thdnh tich xudt sdc. dupc uu tidn dang ky tham gia cac hoat dOng cOng ddng. cac dpi tuyen tinh nguydn vidn tidp theo ciia Thanh phd.
Sau hem 5 nam fridn khai, dpi "Ho trp du lich Thdng Long - Ha NOi"' dd va dang mang lai nhidu Ipi ieh cho vide phat tiidn nganh Du Mch ciia thii do Ha Npi khi khdc phuc tinh frang thieu hudng dan vidn; gdp phan ndng cao hinh dnh du Mch Thii dd thdn thidn, men khach; tdng hidu qud frong cdng tae ddo tao nhan lyc;... Vdi nhthig y nghia dd, md hinh HDVDL tinh nguyen nay dd frd thdnh md hinh didm ciia ca nude, rat dang dupe nhan rdng tai cdc dia phuang cd ngdnh Du lich phdt fridn.
3 . K E T L U A N
Phdt tridn ngudn nhan luc phuc vu nganh Du lich ndi chung, vd phdt tridn dOi ngii HDVDL tinh nguydn ndi ridng Id mOt frong nhtmg nhan to quan trpng tao ndn sy thu hiit cua nganh Du Mch thu dd Ha Ndi, vira cd tinh cdp bach, vira mang y nghTa chidn lupc phdi dupc ddt ldn vi tri hdng dau trong qud trinh phdt tridn ngudn nhdn lyc cua ngdnh Du lich ciia Thanh pho. Tuy nhien, dd ed mOl dOi ngu HDVDL tinh nguydn ddm bao cd vd sd lupng vd chdt lupng, cdn phdi cd su phdi hop chat che trong dinh hudng phdt fridn ttr ca quan qudn Iy, cdc ca sd dao tao va cac td chuc sinh vidn.
T A I L I E U T H A M K H A O
1. Ducmg, H. H. (2012). Ap dung lieu chudn ky nang nghi du lich Viil Nam (VTOS) trong ddo tgo vd hogt dpng tdc nghiip cua dgi ngii hudng ddn vien du lich tgi Cdng ty lit hdnh Saigontourisl Hd Ndi. Luan van thac sy, Dai hgc Quoc gia Ha Npi, Viet Nam
2. Website Tdng cue Du ljch Viet Nam, www.viemamtourism.gov.vn.
3. Website Ca sd Dir lieu Tryc tuydn Hudng din vien Du lich, huongdanvien.vn INCREASING THE WORKFORCE OF HANOI TOURISM BY FOSTERING AND TRAINING VOLUNTEER TOUR GUIDES Abstract: Recently, the lack of workforces in the concept of suslainable developmenl of the Capital has been a worthy concern, especially for meeting the growth of the whole tourism industry. This ariicle assesses the state of tour guides resource in Hanoi and suggests several solutions for the human resources and the developmenl of Hanoi tourism by fostering and training volunteer labors.
Keywords: Tour guide, tourism, volunteer. Hanoi, human resources
