• KaStKCOVLtWtM (THEORETICAL STUDY)
Doi moi cong tae quan ly du an theo Luat Xay dung 2014
• K S . N G U Y ^ ANH T U A N
PHO cue TRUONG CUC QUAN LY H O M DONG XAY DUNG, BO XAY DUNG (Bai nhdn ngay 26/08/2015, hoan chinh s&a chUa ngay 10/09/2015)
V
isa qua, Chinh phii da ban hanh Ngh! (3|nh sfl 59/2015/NO-CP ngay 18/06/2015 ve quan ly dir an dau tu xay diing theo quy dinh cua Luat Xay dong (2014). Day la mgt trong cac Nghi dinh hudng dan thi hanh Luat XSydungNgi dung Nghi dmh 59/CP la biidc tiep theo de cy the hoa nhCfng quan diem doi mdi cua LuSt Xay dyng ve qucin ly hoat dong d3u tif xay di/ng va da an dau tu xay dytig trong giai doan hien nay, dong thdi cung dSt ra nhOng yeu cau mdi doi vdi cong t^c nSy L NHtmC N O I D U N G H 6 I vk Qu AN L ^ D U AN D AU TU XAYDUHG
1. Thuc hien qudn iydi/dnpfi£il)ap vdi tinh ch6t, logi nguon v6n sitdung Trong nin kinh te thj trudng dinh hudng XHCN co sU tham gia cua nhieu thanh phan kmh te khac nhau, viec tao l^p CO che quan ly phu hop vdi cac ddi tuong v^ chO the qucin ly khac nhau !a c3n thl^t d^ mdt mat tang cUcmg sU qu3n ly d6i vdi cac nguon lUc cOa kmh te nhS nudc. mat khac tao ra cac dieu kien thong thoang, thuin loi d l khOi thdng vS hyy dong ngudn lUc tif cac thanh pharf Jsinh te khac cho cac muc tieu phat trien kmh te xa hdi 6 tifng thdi ky Xuat phSt tCr quan diem neu tren va . tren ca sd phan loai cac ngudn vdn sCf"
dung cho dSu tu xay dyng, Luat Xay dyng (2014) da quy dmh cac yeu cau, mQc dd quSn ly khac nhau ddi vdi duan dau tu x3y dyng sCr dung cac loai von khac nhau. Cu the la:
Dy an SLf dung vdn ngSn sach nha nudc daoc qu3n ly toSn dien, chat che, dung
trinh tu de bao dam myc tieu dau tu, chat luqng, tien dd va hi^u qu3 du an.
Cac duan si!f dung vdn nha nudc ngoai ngan sach dUOc quin ly ve chu truong, muc tieu, quy md dau tU, chi phi thuc hien, hieu qua du an va tae dong cua duan den canh quan, mdi trudng va an toan cua cdng ddng. Odi vdi du i n sCf dung cac ngudn vdn khac. nha nudc chi quan ly v^ muc tieu, quy mo dau tU va cac tae ddng cCia dU cin den canh quan, mdi trudng va an toin cda cdng ddng, Nguyen tSc neu tren duac tiep tuc the hien trong cac quy dinh cCia Nghi dmh 59/CP ve quin 1^ du an dSu tU xay dung ve tham dinh dif an, tham dinh thiet keva du toan xay dung cdng trinh; lUa chon ap dung cac hinh thiJc to chUc quan ly thuc hien du an, giim sat, danh gia du an, quin ly chat lugng, chl phi dau tu xay dung va hop ddng xay dung..
Nguyen tic quin ly du i n phii hgp vdi tinh chat, loai ngudn von sddung cung vdi cac quy dmh ve ph§n loai, phan cap I cdng trinh xay dUng cdn la co sd de tien hanh phan cdng, phan cap trong cong tic quin ly dau tu xay dung phii hop vdl dieu kien cu the cua Bd nganh, dia I phugng vi doanh nghiep,
2. Tdng cudng vai trd qudn ly cua nhd nudc dSi vdi hogt dgng ddu tif xdy diing tren cdsdph&n djnh rd yiu cau, ndi dung qudn lygan vdi trdch nhiem quan 1^ cOa nha nUdc va quyin, nghia vu cua cdc chO thi tham gia thUc hien
Mgt trong nhCfng ndi dung ddi mdi quan trong cua Luat Xay dyng (2014) la tang cudng vai trd quin ly cCia nha
nudc ddl vdi cic hoat ddng diu tu xiy dung Trong cac quy dinh cua Nghj dmh 59/CP, vai trd cua quin ly nha nudc ddi vdi du an dau tu xay dung duac the hien d mdt sd dilm sau.
- Phin dmh rd ndi dung, trich nhiem quan ly nha nUdc ddi vdi hoat ddng dau tu xay dung va nhiem vu quin ly thuc hien du an cua chCi dau tu, tu van va nha thau xay dung;
- Thuc hien viec tham dmh (tien kiem) ddl vdl mgt sd khiu, loai cdng viec cd vai trd quyet dmh din chat lugng, tien do va hieu qua thuc hien dy i n dau tu xay dung nhU: tham dmh du an, thim dmh thiet ke va dutoan xay dung, tham quyln va trach nhiem cOa co quan chuyin mdn ve xay dyng khi thyc hien cdng tie tham dmh;
- Quy dinh cy t h i tham quyln, trach nhilm cda ca quan quin ly nhi nudc trong vile cap giay phip xiy dUng va quin ly xay dUng theo giay phip da cap, cap chdng nhan, chUng chi ve nang lUc hoat ddng xiy dung cijng nhu quin lydieu kien nang luc cua cic I to chu'c, c i nhin trong nudc va nudc ngoii khi tham gia hoat dong xiy dyng.
3. Tbuc hiin cdng khai, minh bach ve quy trinh, ho $a vd gidm thiiu tfti) tuc trong hogt ddng dau tuxdy dung I Quy trinh, thu tuc trong dau tU xiy
dung liu nay vin la "rao cin' Idn doi , vdl cac chu dau tu, nha thau xiy dyng trong qui trinh tnIn khai thuc hiin du an. Xuat phit tU tinh chat, dac diem cua qui trinh dau tU xiy dyng cdng trinh:
' mang tinh dan chiec, cd sU tham gia I cua nhieu chu the khic nhau vi thudng 4lllINHrtXAYDlM;
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(THEORETICAL STUDY) MGHiaiCI>OLtLUAH I
CO nhQng tic ddng anh hudng nhilu mat den phat trien kmh te xa hdi v i ddi sdng ciia cdng dong.. nen sU tdn tai cua cac thu tuc trong hoat ddng dau tu xay dung cd tinh khach quan Tuy nhien, cic thCi tuc nay can duac cdng khai, minh bach v l quy trinh thuc hien v i trich nhiem giai quyet cac thu tuc, dong thdi quy djnh ve ndi dung ho so can day dd nhung dan giin de tao thuin lai cho cic chu diu tu, nhi dau tugiim thieu dugc chi phi va thdi gian thuc hien, gdp phan thuc hien cdng tic phdng, chong tham nhung, ling phi trong dautu xay dung.
Luit Xiy dUng (2014) v i Nghi dmh 59/
CP da cd nhdng quy dinh cu thi d l thyc hien chu truang cai each cac thu tuc hanh chinh trong hoat ddng dau tu xay dung. Cu the:
- Quy djnh v l trinh ty thuc hien dy i n dau tuxay dung theo 3 giai doan, - Quy dinh cu the ve quy trinh, hd so, thdi han thuc hien tham dmh dU an, thiet ke co sd, tham dinh thiet ke vi du toin xiy dung, trich nhilm cua CO quan th^m dmh va cua eO quan, to churc, ci nhan cd lien quan;
- E)6i vdl viec cap giay phep xiy dung, da cd cic quy djnh cu t h i ve ddi tUOng,
dieu kien cap giay phep xiy dung, cae loai giay phep xiy dung, quy trinh, ho SO, thdi han cip giiy phep xiy dung, quyen vi trach nhiem eCta co quan cap giiy phep xay dung va cua ngUdi de nghi cap giay phep xay dung. NhQng quy dmh nay gdp phan tao dieu kien thuan Igi cho ngudi din, doanh nghilp khi cd yeu ciu xin cap giay phep xiy dyng;
- Cdng tae quin ly nang luc ddi vdi td chdc ca nhan khi tham gia hoat ddng xiy dung cung ducic lim rd thdng qua cic quy dinh cu t h i ve loai hoat ddng xay dung cd yeu cau ve dieu kien nang luc, dieu kien ddi vdi to chdc, ca nhan de duac cap chdng nhan nang lUc. chUng chi hanh nghe, to ehiic sit hach d l cap chQng chi hanh nghe, trich nhiem cung cap thdng tin ve nang lyc va hinh thdc, trach nhiem dang tii thdng tin v l ning luc cua to chQc, ca nhan tham gia hoat ddng xiy dung .
4. Doi mdi md hmh to dnJtc qudn ly thuc hiin dudn nhdm ndng cao tinh chuy&n nghiep, hiiu qua trong cdng tdc qudn ly dudn
Ngoai cac hinh thdc to chdc quin ly thuc hien du an nhu da dugc de cap trong quy ffinh cua Luit Xiy dung (2003) trudc diy, Luat Xay dUng (2014)
bo sung quy dinh v l hinh thdc Ban QLDA chuyen nganh. Ban QLDA khu vuc nhim khac phuc tinh trang dau tu dan trai, hieu qua thap cda cic dy i n sd dung vdn nha nudc va hd tra qui trinh thyc hiin tii co ciu diu tu cong, tai ca cau doanh nghiep nha nudc trong nhflng nam tdi diy.
Viec ap dung hinh thdc Ban QLDA chuyen nganh. Ban QLDA khu vye d l quan ly cic du i n dau tu xiy dyng sCf dung vdn NSNN. vdn nha nudc ngoai ngin sich cho phep thu gpn dau moi quin ly, tilt kiem chi phi QLDA, limg budc nang cao tinh chuyin nghiep trong cdng tic quan ly du i n de qua dd ning cao hieu qui thuc hien cac dUan dau tuxay dung.
n. M O T s 6 TEU c A u Mdi DUOC DAT BA TRONG C O N G T A C QU AN LT CAC D U AN D AU T U
xATDinrGHieNNiiar
7. Vethdm dinh dudn, thietkevddu todn xdy dung cdng trinh Quy dinh cua Luit Xiy dung ve cmg tic tham dinh du an, thiet k l v i dy toin xiy dung cua cd quan chuyen mdn ve xiy dung cic cap nhim ning cao vai tfd, trach nhiem quan ly nhi nudc ddi vdl cic du an sd dyng vdn nha nudc, cic cdng trinh xiy dUng cd inh hUdng
lONHTtxAvDUt.; I 5
• IIGHI£H CUU Lt UJAH (THEORETICAL STUDY)
Idn din cinh quan, mdi trudng va an toin cdng ddng. Xet ve bin chat thi diy la tham dinh nha nude ddi vdi cic du in, cong trinh x3y dyng Yiu ciu duoc dit ra ddi vdi cdng tic tham dinh hien nay ta trin ca sd thuc hiln Vllc phan edng. phan cap tham dinh hop ly de van hanh on dinh, hieu qui he thdng cic co quan tham dinh duac hinh thanh theo quy dinh cua Luat Xay dung dong thdi minh bach, giim thiiu quy trinh thi!i tuc, ho sfl de tao dilu kiln thuan Igi cho td chUc. ca nhan cd yiu cau tham dmh, Ql dip Ung cic yeu cau niy thi trong cac quy dmh ve quin ly dU an diu tU xay dUng cin giii quylt tdt mdt so vin de sau day:
Thd nhaf ThUc hien vile phan cdng, ; phan cap tham dinh du in, thiet ke va du toin xiy dung theo quy dmh phip luat gin vdi dac dilm, dieu kien cu the cua tdng Bd nginh, dia phuong. Uln quan den vin de nay cin tinh den sd luang cac duan quy md nhd cd yeu ciu lip Bao cao kmh te ky thuit cua nhieu Bd nganh, dia phuong hien cdn rat idn, mat khac cung can xem xet ve sU phdi hap dong bd, thdng nhit giQa co quan tham dinh du in, thiet kl ca sd d budc trudc vdi CO quan tham dinh thiit ke va du toin xSy dung d cic budc tiep theo Thd hai' Oe bao dim vile vin hinh on dmh, hilu qua cua cac ca quan tham dmh thu^c cac Bd quin ly edng trinh xiy dung chuyen nginh va true thudc UBND cap tinh, cip huyen thi can tap trung giii quyet mdt sd van de nhu, tang cudng nang lyc chuyen mdn nghiep vu, dam bio tinh khich quan va trich nhiem cua cac cfl quan tham djnh thdng qua viec kien toan ve td chdc, bd tri sd dung nhin lyc thuc hien, dao tao, bdi dudng v l nghiep vu cdng tic th^m dinh cung nhu bo sung cic che tai lien quan din trich nhiem trong tham dmh Bin eanh dd. cung ein cd nhQng quy dinh hudng dan cu the vile ca quan tham dmh yeu ciu chd diu tu lua chgn true tiep tU van du dieu kien nang lyc thuc hien tham tra phyc vu cdng tic tham dmh trong nhdng trudng hop can thilt
Thd ba: Cin quin triet va cd them nhQng quy dmh hUdng din thyc hien
nguyen tae "ddng tnnh" doi voi ehu dau tu va nguyen tae "mot cQa hen thong"
doi vdl CO quan chO tri tham dmh de bao dam giim thieu duac thu tuc va thoi gian thuc hien cdng tic tham dmh theo quy dmh cua Luat Xiy dyng, 2. Ve sap xep, kiin toan to chiic hoat dong va thanh lap cdc Ban quan ly dudn dau tuxay di/ng Hien tai, trong linh vuc dautu xiy dung dang tdn tai hing nghin San quan ly du an duoc to chdc theo mot so hinh thUe nhu Ban QLDA mdt dU an do chii dau tu thanh lap theo quy djnh eua Luat Xay dung (2003) hoac Ban QLDA dong thdi nhieu du an do mot sd Bd nganh, dia phuong, tap doan kmh te, tong cdng ty nha nude thanh lap Theo quy dmh cua Luit Xiy dUng (2014) va Nghi dmh 59/CP thi cac Ban QLDA neu tren can duoc sip xep, kien toan lai hoac dUde
thanh lap moi trong trudng hop can thiet
Viec sip xep, kien toan lai to chdc hoat dong eua cac Ban QLDA theo quy dmh cua Luat Xay dUng eo y nghla quan trong true tiep gdp phan thUe hien chu truonq tai eg eau diu tu cdng va tai co :Ai,' j!;anh nghiep nha nudc, khk phuc tmh uang dau tu din trai kem hieu qua va tung budc nang eao tinh chuyen nghiep, ning luc quin ly cae du i n dau tuxay dung
Qua trinh sap xep, kien toan to chdc hoat ddng va thinh lap Ban QLDA phai bao dim cic nguyen tae nhu khdng lam dmh tre, gian doan viec thUe hien cae nhiem vuqu^n ly duan, khong anh hudng den tien dd thuc hien cic du an, tin dung duoc cac nang luc QLDA sin cd (ve cfl sd vat chat, nhan luc, kmh nghiem quan ly ) ket hop vdi tang
6 1 KINHTf KAVDITNG
(THEORETICAL STUDY) HGHIEN ciiru LtUlAN I
cudng, ning cao nang lUc hoat ddng quin lydUandedipQngcicquydmh ve dieu kien ve nang lUc hoat ddng.
Ddl vdl viec thanh lap cic Ban QLDA chuyen nganh. Ban QLDA khu vuc de quin ly eac du i n sd dyng vdn ngan sach nha nudc, vdn nha nude ngoai ngin sich ciia cac Bo nganh, dia phuong, tap doan kmh te, tdng cdng ty nha nudc can can cd vao dmh hudng phit trien, eae yeu eau, dieu kien cy the cda Bd nganh, dia phuong va doanh nghiep d l x^c dinh ve s6 luang, hinh thdc to chdc vi quy che hoat ddng cda Ban QLDA chuyin nganh, Ban QLDA khu vue, tren co s6 dd lam ro dugc tinh chit, dac dilm quin ly theo chuyin nganh hoac theo khu vye, bio dim dugc khi nang hoat ddng dn djnh, lau dii va tdng bUdc thue hiln tU chu ve tai chinh trong hoat ddng cua cae Ban nay
3. Ve qudn ly dieu kiin ndng lUc cda tS chiic, cd nhdn tham gia hogt ddng xay dUng
Quin ly nang lUc hoat ddng, nang lUc hanh nghe cCia to chdc, c i nhan tham gia hoat ddng xiy dung la mdt ndi dung quan trong trong cdng tic quan lyduindiutuxiydyng LuitXaydUng (2014) da quy dinh rd nhQng loai hoat ddng xiy dung cd yeu cau ve dieu kien nang lUe va Nghi dmh 59/CP cua Chinh phli d i cu the hoa dieu kien nang lUc doi vdi td chQc, ei nhin khi tham gia cic hoat dpng xiy dung nay. Ngoai cae quy djnh nlu trin, vile quin ly ning lUc hoat dgng xiy dung cdn ddi hdi phai kiem tra, danh gia nang luc hoat ddng, nang lyc hanh nghi cda to chQc, ca nhan tham gia nhuthe nao?
Cac quy dmh ve dieu kien nang lyc hoat ddng xay dyng hien dUde gan
vdl cac quy dinh ve phin loai du an, phan loai, cip cong trinh xiy dung Tuy nhien, tren thuc te do nhi thau duac lua chgn de dim nhan thuc hien cdng viec theo gdi thau (li mgt phancuaduan, eong trinh xiy dung) nen nang lUc cCia nha thau dUde lua chon thudng khdng phan inh dung mde do dap dng ve dieu kien ning lue duoc quy dmh cho dU i n , cdng trinh xay dung. Do dd, de cd the quan ly tdt ning lUc hoat ddng eua td ehde, ea nhin tham gia hoat dong xay dung thi can giii quyet mdt sd van de sau diy
ThQ nhat: Gan kit giQa cae quy dinh ve dieu kien nang lUc hoat ddng xiy dung vdl cic quy dmh ve quin ly dau thau va hop dong xiy dUng. quy dmh ve bao hiem bat bude trong hoat dgng diu tU xay dung va ti/ng budc thuc hiln viee phan loai, xep hang cac nha thau xay dung;
Thd har Bo sung cic quy dmh ve dieu kiln eu the de cap ehu'ng nhan nang luc (ddi vdi to chdc), chdng chi hanh nghe (ddi vdi ca nhan) theo tUng loai hoat ddng xay dung cd yeu cau ve dieu kien ning lUc, trong dd cin lam rd yiu cau, ngi dung sit haeh cap chQng ehi hanh nghi xay dung,
Thd ba. Kien toan he thdng thdng tin ve dieu kien nang lUc hoat dgng xiy dung cCia Bd Xly dyng v i cua cic Sd Xay dung dia phUOng Bin canh do eung can cd nhQng quy dmh cu the ve luu trif, ket ndi va chia se thdng tin nang luc hoat ddng xiy dung de dip dng yeu cau eua cac chd dau tu, nha thau xiy dung va cua eO quan quan ly nha nudc cac cap.
Nhij'ng yeu cau mdi dugc dit ra trong cdng tic quin ly duin diu tUxiy dUng theo quy dinh cua Luat Xay dyng (2014) v i Nghi dmh 59/CP cua Chinh phu ddi hdi CO quan quan ly ve xiy dung d cic cip, cic ehu the tham gia quin [y thuc hien du an phai cd cich tiep can mdi eung nhU cae giai phap to chdc thyc hien phii hop de ning cao chat lugng va hieu qua trong hoat ddng dau tu xiy dung, dip dng ngay cang tdt hon cac yeu ciu ci!ia qui trinh phit tnen va hoi nhap,-:-
KlNHTf«YWNGl7
