TAP CHi CONG THlftfNG
ANH Hl/dNG CUA VAN HOA TO CHlfC DEN SI/ GAN KET CUA NHAN VIEN VCfl TO CHlfC:
NGHIEN c t f u TRlTCfNG HCfP CAC CONG TY Lif HANH TAI THANH PHO HO CHI MINH
• Ll/U HOANG GIANG - CAO THI THANH TRUC - HOANG DUY KHOI
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Nghidn ctfu nhdra do Itfdng mtfc do dnh htfdng cua van hoa t6 chii'c de'n stf gan ke't cua nhan vien vdi td chtfc va md'i quan he gitfa cdc yd'u id' nay. Kd't qud trdn 246 mdu khao sdt cho thd'y cdc yd'u to' (giao tie'p trong td chtfc, dao tao va phat trien, khen thtfdng vd cdng nhdn, lam vide theo nhdm, stf cdng hang va nhd't qudn trong ede ehinh sdch quan tri) giai thich dtfdc stf gan kd't cua nhdn vien vdi id chtfc. Ke'l qua cung cho thd'y stf gan kd't cua nhdn vidn cd tac dpng tich ctfc ttf cao de'n thd'p vdi 5 yd'u to', gdm: Giao tie'p trong td chtfc (p = 0,762); Dao tao va phat trien (p = 0,191); Stf cdng bang va nhd't qudn trong cdc chinh sach quan tri (P = 0,052);
Ldm vide theo nhdm (p ^ 0,049); Khen thtfdng va Cdng nhan (P = 0.044).
Tii khoa: Van hda, giao tie'p, ddo lao va phat trien, khen thtfdng, stf gan ke'l, cdng ly Iff hanh, TP. Hd Chi Minh.
1. Dat van de
Trong vai thap ky qua, van hda cdng ty Id mot ehii dd quan trong trong nghien ctfu quan tri va td chtfc do kha ndng eua nd anh htfdng dd'n mdt loat cdc ke'l qua mong ddi dtfdc xem xet tren khia canh id chtfc va ca nhdn nhtf stf cam ke'l, Idng trung thanh, ly do rdi bo td chtfc vd stf thda man cong viec (Chow vd cdng stf, 2001). Cung co y kie'n nhd't tri cho rang, van hda cdng ly la mdt trid't Iy quan tn vd cdch thtfc quan ly ciia cac td chtfc de edi thien hidu qua va thtfc hien cong vide; cdng trinh nghien ctfu cua Saeed va cong stf (2000) dd chtfng mmh rang van hda cdng ly cd kha nang anh htfdng dd'n ttf ttfdng, tinh cam, cac boat ddng giao tiep va thtfc hien cdng vide trong id chtfc. Thtfc le' hien
nay, mdt so' cdng ty ntfdc ngoai hoat ddng tai Viet Nam nhtf Unilever, Pepsi va cdc td chtfc trong linh vtfc cdng nghe thdng tin, tai ehinh, ngdn hang,...
ttfdng dd'i thdnh cdng trong ITnh vtfc tbu but, su' dung va duy tri Itfc Itfdng nhan vidn nhd't la nhtfng nhdn vien gidi dong thdi tao ra Idi the' canh tranh ve nhdn Itfc vtfdt trdi hdn so vdi cdc cdng ty trong ntfdc. Cd thd ke ra mdt vai nguydn nhdn ddn dd'n thanh cdng ndy, do Id cacyd'utd'nhtf khuye'n khich stf cai tie'n va sdng tao, phat huy nang itfc ca nhdn, ddnh gia cao tinb than ldm viec nhdra, thtfa nhan cac ddng gdp cua nhdn vidn dd'i vdi id chtfc, lao nguon quy cho dao tao va phat trien, cdng khai ro rang ke' hoach xdy dtfng va phdt trien nhdn vien ddng thdi quyd't ldm trong viec thtfc hidn mdt cd
138 So 6 - T h a n g 4/2019
QUANTRj-qUANLY
che'cdng bang, v.v... Ttf dd, nghidn ctfu nay se eung ca'p them thdng tin cho cae nhd quan tri hieu rd hdn mdi quan he gitfa van hoa cong ty vd stf cam ke'l gdn bd vdi td chtfc cua nhdn vidn, dinh htfdng xay dtfng van hda chtfa dtfng nhieu gia tri tich ctfc nham tao ra mot mdi trtfdng Iam viec giup ngtfdi Iao dong trong id chtfc cam thd'y an tdm gdn bo vd cam ke't phdt tridn Idu dai ciing vdi td chtfc.
2. Cd sd ly thuyd't va md hinh nghien cu'u 2.1. Vdn hoa to chdc
Trong cae tai lidu vd hanb vi td chtfc, van hda td chtfc da dtfdc dinh nghTa theo nhieu cdch khde nhau ciia nhieu lac gia va cac nha nghien ctfu. Tuy nhidn, nhieu nha nghien ctfu deu ddng y rang van hda td chtfc eo the dtfdc goi Id mdt tdp hdp cac gid tn, niem tin, va rad hinh hanh vi hinh thanh ndn bdn sdc eiia id chtfc, cd thd giiip xdc dinh each tfng xu" eila nhdn vidn (Rashid vd cdng stf, 2003; Lund, 2003; Pool, 2000; Schein, 1992). Van hda id chtfc ciing ed thd dtfdc dinh nghTa nhtf la mot mo binh gia dinh cd ban, phdt bidn, bode phdt tridn bdi radt nhdm ngtfdi dd thich tfng vdi cac va'n de ben ngodi vd ndi bd; stf ttfdng tac trong qud trinh ciing lam vide va luan thu nhtfng nguyen tac, quy dinh, eiia Id chtfc tao ndn van hda td chtfc. Van hda to chtfc CO the dtfdc md ta nhtf la mdt tap hdp chung cdc tin ngtfdng, thdng le, he thd'ng gid tri, quy chuan, hanh vi tfng xu: vd each kinh doanh rieng cua ttfng td chtfc. Nhtfng mat ndy se quy dinh md hinh hoat dong ridng ciia id chtfc va banh vi tfng xu" cua cdc thdnh vien trong to chtfc (Schein, 1992).
2.2. Vai tro cua van hoa to chdc
2.2.1. Vdn hoa tochdc tao nen phong thdi cua td chdc
Van hda td chtfc gom nhieu bd phdn vd yd'u to' hdp thdnh: Trid't ly kinh doanh, cac tap tuc, Id nghi, thdi quen, cdch hop hdnh, dao tao, gido due, ibdra chi cd truyen thuyd't, huyen thoai ve ngtfdi sdng lap bang . Td't ea nhtfng ye'u td'dd tao ra mot phong cdch, phong thdi eiia td chtfc va phdn biet nd vdi cdc td chtfc, cdc td chtfc xd hdi khde, phong thai dd cd vai trd nhtf "khdng khi vd ntfdc", co anh htfdng ctfc ky ldn dd'n hoat dong hang ngay ciia td chtfc. (Armstrong, 2009; Chatman, 1991).
2.2.2. Vdn hoa tochdc khich le qud trinh ddi mdi vd sdng che
Ritchie (2000), Deal va cdng stf,1982) va Ouchi, (1981), cho rang, "van hda td chtfc anh
htfdng de'n ke't qud nhtf nang sud't, bieu sua't, cam ke't, stf ttf tin, vd hdnh vi dao dtfc". Schein (1992) dinh nghia van hda td chtfc nhtf mot md hinh gia dinh cd ban chia se rang nhdm hoe vi nd gidi quye't va'n de thich tfng ben ngoai vd hdi nhdp ndi bd da Iam vide td't, du dd dtfdc coi la hdp Id va, do do, de dtfdc giang day cho cac thanh vien mdi la each nhdn thtfc dung, suy nghi, va cam tha'y lien quan dd'n nhtfng vd'n de.
2.3. Do ludng vdn hoa to chiic
Theo Recardo va cong stf (1997), vdn hda to chtfc dtfdc do Itfdng dtfa trdn 8 khia canh, cu the nhtf sau. Giao tie'p cd nhieu hinb thiJc giao tie'p, cae thdng tin gi dtfdc giao tie'p vd bang each ndo, Id hd thd'ng giao tie'p rad. Dao tao vd Phat tnen la cam kd't eiia cdc nha quan tri cung cap cac cd hdi phdt tridn vd td chtfc cho phep ede ky ndng mdi de tfng dung vao cdng viec. Phan thtfdng va Stf cdng nhan Id cdc hanh vi ddnh gia khach quan thanh tieh eua mot nhdm, hay mot ca nhdn da dat dtfdc va cd nhtfng dong thai lich ctfc hdn nhtf bieu dtfdng, khen thtfdng kip thdi, nhtfng tieu chuin dd thdng chtfc, va mtfc do ma id chtfc cung ca'p phan hdi ve mtfc dd hodn thanh cdng vide. Ra quye't dinh la ed quye't dinh hen quan dd'n giai quyet va'n de can phai ra quye't dinh. Chd'p nhdn nii ro la stf sang tao va cai tid'n, didu ndy dtfdc ddnh gid cao vd ttfdng thtfdng, hau he't cac td chtfc deu thtfdng cho kd't qua cdng vide, chang han nhtf ngtfdi ban dtfdc nhieu hang nhd't se dtfdc thdng chtfc, giao hang dung hen se dtfdc tien thtfdng, thtfc hien dtfdc kd' hoach ve doanh thu se dtfdc cong nhdn la nhdn vien gidi.
Dmh htfdng kd' hoach la hoach dinb dai ban bay ngan ban, va dinb htfdng kd' hoach ttfdng lai; cdc tam nhin, chie'n Itfdc, muc lieu ndo dtfdc chia se vdi nhdn vien. Lam viec nhdm Id ye'u to' lidn quan den cae vd'n de: tam quan trgng, hinh thtfc, va stf hidu qua cua Idm vide nhdm trong td chtfc. Cdc chinh sach quan tri la yd'u td'do Itfdng stf cdng bdng vd nhd't qudn vdi cac chinh sdch dtfdc thtfc thi, stf anh htfdng eua phong each quan tri dd'i vdi nhdn vidn, mtfc dp nha quan tri cung cap mot mdi trtfdng lam vide an todn.
2.4. Do liiiing gdn ket vdi to chdc Allen va cdng stf (1990), dd dinh nghia gdn ke't vdi td chtfc la mdt trang thai tdm ly bieu thi md'i quan he eua nhan vien vdi td chtfc, lien he mat thid't dd'n quye't dinh de duy tri la thdnh vien trong
So 6^ Thang 4/2019 139
TAP GHl GONG THlftfNG
td chtfc. Mdt Idi btfa cua cd nhan vdi td chtfc, bao gdm y thtfc ve gan kd't vdi cdng vide, long trung thdnh vd niera tin vao cdc gid tri ciia td chtfc (O'Reilly, 1986).
Md'i quan he gitfa van hda id chtfc va stf gan ke'l vdi id chtfc: Hidu qua ciia mot td ehtfe bi dnh htfdng bdi van hda to ehtfe, anh htfdng tdi cdch cac ehtfe nang quan Iy quy hoach, td chtfc, bidn che', lanh dao, vd kidm sodt dtfdc thtfc hidn (Ikyanyon, 2009). Gan kd't td chtfc dtfdc xem la stfc manh tdm ly ciia rapt nhdn vien vd stf tham gia eua ho vdi cdc td ehtfe (Mowday va cdng stf, 1979), mdt nhan vidn gan kd't dtfdc xdc djnh d lai vdi id chtfc khdng phan biet td chtfc 6 trong trang thdi thudn Idi hay bd't Idi (Allen va Meyer, 1990). Van hda to chtfc trd nen pho bid'n vd manh me, cd the khuyen khich hoac can trd stf thay doi trong id ehtfe, dd'i vdi nhdn vidn, van hda td chtfc la cha'l keo gan ke't ngtfdi lao ddng vdi td chtfc.
2.5. De xudt mo hinh nghidn cdu dnh hudng cua vdn hoa to chdc de'n sU gdn kit cua nhdn vien vdi tochdc
2.5.1. Cdc nghien cdu IrUdc cd lien quan Theo Robbins (1990) trong nghien ctfu "Anh htfdng eua van hda td chtfc de'n stf gan kd't cua nhdn vidn vdi td chtfc" Id mdt he thd'ng qui lual chung dtfdc cdc thanh vidn cha'p nhdn va hdnh xu" de tao nen stf khac bidt trong nhdn biet gitfa id chtfc ndy vdi td chtfc khac. Trong he thd'ng vdn hda td chtfc cdc thdnh phan ciia no ed the khac nhau lily theo nen van hda ridng, nhutig cdc nen van hda dd deu cd nhtfng dac diem chinh nhtf: (I) Stf khdi ddu cua cd nhdn (Individual initiation), (2) Kha nang chiu riii ro (Risk tolerance), (3) He thd'ng khen thtfdng (Reward systems), (4) Xdc dinh/Nhdn dang (Identity), (5) Hd trd eua qudn ly (Management support), (6) He thd'ng kidm sodt (Control Systems), (7) Dinh htfdng quan ly (Managerial direction), (8) Hoi nhap (Integration), (9) Khoan dung vdi xung dot (Conflict tolerance), (10) Giao tid'p trong to chtfc (Communication pattern) (Robbins, 1990).
Theo Zain (2009) trong nghien ctfu "Anh htfdng cua van hda td chtfc de'n stf gan ke'l vdi td chtfc: nghien ctfu ve mdt cdng ty nidm ye't ciia Malaysia", da chi ra rdng, stf hidu bid't vdn hda id chtfc nhtf mot trid't ly quan ly la can thie't de quan ly mdt id chtfc trong viec cai thidn hieu
sua't tdng thd cua nd. Nghien ctfu ndy xem xet cac ye'u Id' thudc van hda to chtfc anh htfdng dd'n stf gan ke't eua nhdn vien vdi td chtfc qua ban cau hdi khao sat. Cu the, nghien ctfu nay xem xet 4 ye'u id'cua van hda td chtfc, bao gdm: lam viec theo nhdm, giao tid'p, phan thtfdng vd cdng nhan, ddo tao vd phdt trien theo cam kd't cua nhdn vidn dd'i vdi td ehiJc.
2.5.2. Dexudtmd hinh vd gid thuyet nghiin ciiu Kd' thtfa nghien ctfu cua Recardo va cdng siJ (1997) vd nghien cu'u ve gan ke't vdi td chtfc cija Zain (2009) ke't hdp tham khao cac chuydn gia Iam viec trong nganh du lich Itf hanh thi 3 thdnh phan gdm: ra quye't dinb, chd'p nhan rui ro, dinb htfdng kd' hoach khong dtfa vao mo hinh nghien ctfu, vi tinh dac thii va tinb chie'n Itfdc cua cong viec trong ngdnh du lich Itf hdnh. Do vdy, tdc gia de xud't cac yd'u Id' van hda id chtfc anh htfdng dd'n stf gan ket cua nhan vien vdi td chtfc, bao gdm: (1) ldm vide theo nhdm, (2) giao tie'p trong td chtfc, (3) dao lao va phdt trien, vd (4) khen thtfdng va cdng nhdn (5) stf cdng bang va nhd't qudn trong eac chinh sdch qudn tri.
3. PhiTrfng phap phan tich 3.1. Mdu vd phuang phdp phdn tich Theo Hair va cong stf (1998), kich thtfdc mlu tii 100 de'n 150, theo Hoeiter (1983) kich thtfdc mau tdi han phai la 200. Tuy nhien. de dam bao kich c9 mlu du ldn va gia tri ket qud trong cac phdn tich kiem dinh T-test va ANOVA, trong nghien ctfu b'ch c9 mdu ia 246. Mdu nghien ctfu dtfdc tbu thap ttf 246 nhdn vien dang lam vide tai cac Cdng ty Saigontourist, Cdng ty Du lich Hda Binh, Benlhanhtourist, Vieltravel. Phtfdng phdp phdn h'ch dtf heu chinh trong nghien ctfu la phdn tich hoi qui tuyd'n tinh bdi, ngoai cac cau hdi ve thdng tm cd nhdn la cdu hdi dinh danh, cd 30 cau hoi ve cdc thanh phdn vdn boa to chtfc vd stf gan kd't Id cau h6i khoang theo thang do Likert 5 bac. Bdi vid't su' dung cac phtfdng phdp phan tich dtf lieu: thdng kd rao tS, kiera dinh thang do (Cronbach's Alpha), phan lich nhdn td kham pha (EFA), phdn lich hdi qui boi, T-test, ANOVA bdng phan mera SPSS 20.0.
3.2. Cdu true mdu khdo sdt
Cd 246 ban khao sal dtfdc stf dung cho phdn lich dtf lieu, ty Id nam va ntf cd stf chdnh Idch nho, nam chiem 57,7% va ntf la 42,3%. Phan ldn ddi ttfdng khao sat nam trong khoang tudi ttf 20-50
140 So 6-Thdng 4/2019
QUAN THj - qUAN IV
tuoi. Ngtfdi ttf 20-30 ludi chiem ly le (36,2%), sau dd la nhdm ngtfdi cd dp tudi ttf 31-40 ludi chid'm 31,3%; 40-50 tudi chid'm ty Id (19,9%); so it eon lai la nhtfng ngtfdi trdn 50 tuoi (12,6%). Xet ve trinh dp hpc vd'n: trinh dp phd thdng trung bpc va trung cd'p ebie'm 8,8%, trinh dd de'n cao dang chie'm 47,2%, trinh dp dai hpc chid'm da sd' vdi 41,5%
vd trinh dp sau dai bpc ebie'm 3,7%.
Xet vd vi tri cdng vide: Cd'p quan Iy (trtfdng phd bp phdn trd len) chie'm 22%, cdng nhdn vien 78%. Xet ve tham nidn cdng tdc: Ldm vide trdn 5 nam la 44,7%, lam viec tren 2-5 ndm Id 38,6%, Idm vide trdn 1-2 nam la 12,6% vd lam viec dtfdi 1 nam Id 4,1%.
4. Kd't qua va thao luan Phdn tich EFA cua thang do cdc yeu to'vdn hoa to chdc
Kd't qua phdn tich EFA cho tha'y 22 bie'n quan sat trong 5 nhdn td cua thang do ede yd'u Id' van hda id chtfc dtfdc rut trich thanh 5 nhdn td'. He so' KMO = 0.787 nen EFA phii hdp vdi dff lidu va Ihd'ng kd Chi-quare ciia kidm dinh Bartlett dat gia tri 3.262E3 vdi mtfc y nghTa Sig - 0,000. Do vay, cdc bid'n quan sat cd itfdng quan vdi nhau xet trdn pham vi tdng thd. Phtfdng sai trich dtfdc la 69,014% the hien rang 5 nhdn Id rut ra dtfdc giai thich 69,014% bie'n thien cua dtf lieu, tai he sd' Eigenvalue bang 1,465 >1. (Bang 1).
Kd't qua cua phdn tich hdi quy bdi siJ"
dung phtfdng phdp Enter Coeffieientsa cho tha'y rang td'i ca 5 nhan td' thudc thang do cac yd'u to' van hda td chtfc deu cd tdc ddng dtfdng (be so' Beta dtfdng) de'n stf gan kd't eua nhdn vien vdi td chtfc (SGK) vdi mtfc y nghia ttf Sig deu nhd hdn 0.05 d ta't ca cac bie'n. Bdng tten cung ebo thd'y dung sai cdc bie'n (dp cha'p nhdn) eao iff 0.507 trd len va be sd VIF eua ca 5 nhdn td' nhd bdn 10, nghTa la khdng xdy ra hidn Itfdng da cOng tuye'n gitfa ede yd'u to' ddc lap trong rad hinh. Kd't qua tri so thd'ng kd F dat gia tri 404.465 dtfdc tinb ttf gia tri R- la 0.894 va R dieu chinh la 0.892 cua md binh day du, tai mtfc y nghia Sig = 0.000; kiem tra hien
Bang 1. Ket qua EFA cho thong do cac yeu to vdn hoa to chCfc
He scTtai nhan to BIEN QUAN SAT
GTCV1 GTCV2 GTCV3 GTCV4 GTCV5 KTCN1 KTCN2 KTCN3 KTCN4 KTCN5 LVN1 LVN2 LVN3 LVN4 DTPT1 DTPT2 DTPT3 DTPT4 SCB2 SCB3 SCB4 SCB5 EIGENVALUES PHUONG SAI TRiCH %
CRONBACH'S ALPHA GTCV
0,851 0,768 0,832 0,886 0,910
5,836 18,689 0,936
KTCN
0,648 0,874 0,755 0,857 0,862
3,287 14,759 0,776
LVN
0,696 0,690 0,764 0,780
2,299 11,664 0,824
DTPT
0,633 0,866 0,647 0,901
1,856 11,450 0,798
SCB
0,780 0,805 0,758 0,553 1,466 10,462
0,728 ttfdng Itfdng quan bang he sd Durbin-Watson (1<
2.061 < 3) cho tha'y ke't qua phii bdp md hinh nghien ctfu. (Kel qua phan lich hdi qui, phu luc 6) Phtfdng brinh hdi quy dd'i vdi cac bid'n cd be so ehudn hda ed dang nhtf sau:
F = + 0.674*GTCV + 0.239*DTPT + 0.045*KTCN -h 0.026*LVN -h 0.061*SCB Trong rad hinb nay cho thd'y R- la 0.894. Hd so R- dieu chinh (Adjusted T-square) bdng 0.892 cd nghia Id rad binh hdi quy tuyd'n linh da xay dtfng phu hdp vdi lap dtf Ueu R- > 0,5, nhtf vdy mo binh
So 6 - T h o n g 4/2019 141
TAP CHi CONG THlftfNG
nghien ctfu la phij hdp. Kdt qua cung cho thay rdng R2 dieu ehinh nhd bdn R-, dung nd dd ddnh gia mtfc dp phii hdp cua md hinh nghien ctfu se an loan hdn vi nd khdng thoi phdng mtfc dp phil hdp cua rad binh.
Ke't qua phdn tich Anova, cho thd'y tri thd'ng ke F = 404.465 vd gia tri Sig. rd't nhd cho tha'y se an toan khi bae bd gia thuyd't Ho. Bac bd Ho cd nghTa la ke't hdp cua cdc bid'n hien cd trong rad hinb ed the giai thich dtfdc stf thay ddi cua bie'n phu thudc Stf gan ke't vdi td chtfc (SGK), ttfc rad hinh xdy dtfng phil hdp vdi tdp dtf lieu vd cd the su" dung dtfdc.
Kien nghi cdc chinh sdch cho td chdc:
Cdng trinh nghien ctfu cho thd'y cdc yd'u id' vdn hda td ehtfe tac dpng tieh ctfc de'n stf gan ke'l vdi id chtfc cua nhdn vidn. Trdn ed sd do, gdi y cho cdc nhd quan tri trong vide xdy dtfng va phdt trien cae yd'u to'van boa nhdra thuc day cac banh vi lich ctfc eiia nhan vien, ndng eao hidu qua Iao ddng, tao ra Idi thd' canh iranh cho id chtfc; ddng thdi gdp phdn duy tri, thu hut ngudn nhdn Itfc dac biet Id nhffng nhan vien gidi, tai nang. Ttf kd't qua ddng gdp eiia nghidn ctfu, lac gia de xua't rapt sd' hdm y chinh sach cho ede cong ly dich vu Itf hanh trong vide xay dtfng vd phdt tridn vdn hda theo nhtfng dinh htfdng cu the sau: Thd nhdt, Cdng ly can chu trpng khuyd'n khich giao tie'p trong td chtfc, trong do day manh vide trao ddi thdng tin hd trd Idn nhau gitfa cae bd phan, phdng ban, lao dieu kien thudn Idi cho vide hodn thdnh cdng viec ciia td chtfc. Thd hai, cdng ty can quan ldm dd'n cdng tdc ddo tao va phat trien do bdi day la via khi chie'n Itfde, gan vdi vide sinh Idi Idu dai va cdng cu quan trong de dat de'n raue lieu cua td ehtfe do dd dtfdc xem la phtfdng lien de dat dtfdc stf phat trien td chtfc cd hieu qua nha't. Thii ba, khen thtfdng, phuc Idi td't hdn la Itfdng cad, ye'u id' tien Itfdng khdng phai la mpt trong nhtfng nhdn td' tdc ddng de'n quye't dinh co tid'p luc lam vide hay khdng eiia cdc nhan vidn tre, md yd'u td'khen thtfdng, phtie Idi mdi cd tdc dpng, sau cd hdi thdng tie'n. Thd tu, td chtfc can thid't lap phtfdng htfdng, chie'n Itfdc phat tnen rd rang trong ttfdng lai, dieu nay thd hien tam nhin ddi ban cua to chtfc vd cd y nghia tich ctfc ddi vdi nhdn vidn.
5. Ke't luan
Ke't qua cho tha'y, cd 5 ye'u td' cua vdn hda to
chtfc cd anh htfdng dtfdng vd cd y nghTa d mtfc kidra dinh (95%), vi vdy cdc gia thuye't dtfdc chd'p nhan, Cu the, yd'u td'GTCV cd anh htfdng manh nhd't vdi p (chuan hda) = 0.792 (p=0.000< 0.05), dieu nay cho tha'y stf giao tie'p td't trong cdng vide Id yd'u Id' qiian trpng dd'i vdi stf gan ke'l vdi td chtfc ciia nhdn vidn, yd'u id'DTPT vdi p = 0.191 (p=0.000< 0.05) ed anh htfdng manh chi sau yeu td GTCV, yd'u td SCB vdi p = 0.052 (p= 0.039<
0.05), ye'u toLVN p = 0.049 (p = 0.025<0.05) va ye'u td KTCN p = 0.044 (p = 0.046 < 0.05) Id ydu td' cd anh htfdng thd'p nha't. Ke'l qua ihd'ng ke danh gia ciia nhan vien ve cac yd'u td'van hda td chtfc vd stf gan ke't vdi td chtfc bang gid tri trung binh, cho thd'y did'm trung binh danh gid kha cao, nhtfng vdn ebo thd'y cdc yd'u td van hda to chtfc chtfa dap tfng dtfdc ky vpng va nhu cau ciia nhdn vien. Vi vay dd tbu hut nhan vien va gitf ngtfdi tai trong mdi irtfdng canh tranh cao va thay ddi nhanh, cae nhd quan ly can quan tam va cai thien mdi trtfdng vdn hda to chtfc ndi cdc nhdn vidn lara viec td't hdn.
Ttf nhtfng phan tich tren la cd the ke'l luan rang, rad binh ly thuyd't phii hdp vdi dtf lieu nghien ctfu va 5 gia thuye't nghien ctfu dtfdc chd'p nhan Id HI, H2, H3, H4 va H5, qua ke't qua kidm dinh md hinh Iy thuyd't dtfdc minh hpa nhtf sau:
Hinh: Md hinh ket qua nghien cifu Giao tiep trong td chtfc
Dao tao va phat taien Khen tiitfdng va cong nh§n
Lam vjgc theo nhom Stf cong bang va nhat quan trong cac chinh sadi quan tri
HI+ 0.762 ^ H=* 0.191 , H** 0.044 , H** 0.049 ^
H^ 0.052 , S U g a n k e t vdi t o chijfc c u a n h a n v i e n
Muc dich eua nghidn ctfu nay Id kham phd sii anh htfdng ciia cac ye'u td' van hda td chtfc ddn sii gan ke't vdi td chtfc ciia nhan vien, nen nghien ctfu nay cung cdn ban chd':
- Nghidn ctfu vdi cd mdu con ban chd', pham vi chi khao sat tai TP. Hd Cbi Minh.
- Chi lap trung vao 5 yd'u id van hoa td chiJc anh htfdng de'n stf gdn kd't vdi td chtfc eua nhan vien trong thtfc te' •
142 So 6-Thang 4/2019
QUAN TR!-QUANLY
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So 6-Thang 4/2019 143
TAP CHi GONG THtftfNG
Ngay nhdn bai: 17/3/2019
Ngay phan bien danh gia va su'a chifa: 27/3/2019 Ngay chap nhan dang bai; 5/4/2019
Thong tin tdc gid:
1. Nghidn ctfu sinh, ThS. L U U HOANG GIANG Trtfdng Dai hpc Van Hid'n
2. ThS. CAO THI THANH TRlJC Trtfdng Dai hoc Van Hid'n 3. ThS. HOANG DUY K H 6 I
Cdng ty TNHH MTV Dich vu Ltf hanh Sai Gdn Tourist
THE INFLUENCE OF ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE ON THE ENGAGEMENT OF EMPLOYEES TO ENTERPRISES:
CASE STUDY OF TRAVEL SERVICES COMPANIES IN HO CHI MINH CITY
• Ph.D's student. Master. LUU HOANG GIANG Van Hien University
• Master. CAO THI THANH TRUC Van Hien University
• Moster. HOANG DUY KHOI
Saigontoursit Travel Service One member Limited Llablllt/ Company ABSTRACT:
This study is to measure the influence of organizational cuhure on the engagement of employees to their enterprises and the relationship belvk-een these factors. By analyzing 246 samples, the study's results show that factors, namely organizational communication, training and development, reward and recognition, teamwork, fairness and consistency in management pobcies have impact on the engagement of employees to enterprises. The study's results also show that there are five factors having positive impacts on the engagement of employees to enlerprises, namely organizational communication (p = 0,762), training and development (p = 0,191), fairness and consistency in management pohcies (P = 0,052), teamwork (p = 0,049), reward and recognition (P = 0.044).
Keyword: Culture, communication, training and development, rewards, loyalty, travel services company. Ho Chi Minh City.
144 So 6 - T h d n g 4/2019
