NGHIEN CITU - TRAO DOI
GIAI OUYll KHIEU NAI HANH CHiNHVE DAT DAI
ThS VO CONG KHOI*
1. Thuc trang giai quy^t khieu nai hanh chinh v^ diit dai o" Viet Nam trong thoi gian qua
Ke tu khi Viet Nam thue hidn qua trinh edng nghidp hda, hidn dai hda dat nudc (nam 1994), eo chd nha nudc thu hdi dit de chuyen mgt didn ti'eh dang kd dit dai sang su dung vao muc dich thu:c hien eac du:an dlu tu da cd nhirng tae ddng dang ke de'n ddi sdng, sinh kdcua nhiing ngiroi hi thu hdi di't, Tu nam 1998, tinh trang bat binh eiia ngudi bi thu hdi dat vdi nhung khid'u nai vugt cap len cae co quan trung uong da dugc dat ra nhu mdt vdn dd ndng cln giai quyet. Trong thdi gian qua, chfnh phu da timg thanh lap td eong tac dae biet de true tie'p xem xet giai quyet eac vu viee khie'u nai keo dai, phirc tap hoac thanh Mp cac doan edng tae lien nganh (do mdt bd trudnglam ti-udng doan xudng cae dia phuong ed nhidu khieu nai dd true tidp giai quyet hoac ehi dao uy ban nhan d&i cap tmh day manh vide tie'p dan va giai quyd't don thu cua dan. Thu tudng Chfnh phu da giao cho thanh tra ehi'nh phii tap trung giai quyd't dirt die'm nhidu vu viee khie'u nai phuc tap, keo dai. Co ehe ehinh phu true tie'p tham gia vao giai quye't khig'u nai ciing cd nhung tac dgng ti'ch cue, it nhlt lam cho cae dia phuong t£tp trung hon cho cdng vide nay. Tuy nhidn, co ehd nay ciing the hidn mdt sdhan che sau:
Th li nhdt, trung uong true tie'p giai quye't khie'u nai khdng phai la mdt co ehe duge thuc hidn thudng xuyen
* Hoc vien Chinh trj khu vuc III
theo quy dinh eua phap luat ma chi la co che tang cudng de giai quyet eac vu viec trpng did'm; sau khi cac doan cdng tae trd ve trung uong thi cae tinh lai khdng giai quyet ma dly ldn ti:ung uong giai quye't tiep. Nhuvay, mdt CO che khdng ro tham quyen va trach nhiem giai quye't thi cung khong tao ra dugc hieu qua tren thue te.
Thii hai, giai quye't khie'u nai ddi hdi nghiep vu cao ve phap ly. Cac bd truong true tie'p quye't dinh va giai quye't tai chd khong thd dam bao hoan toan tinh chat che ve mat phap ly ciing nhu khong the hien day du nhung hoan canh cu the cua dia phuong.
Thiiba, co quan thanh tra chinh phu co ehuc nang chinh la to chuc tiianh tra hoat ddng cua bd may hanh chfnh, thanh tra qua trinh giai quydt khie'u nai hanh cMnh cua cae co quan hanh chfnh nha nudc ed tham quyen khi viec giai quye't cd bieu hidn vi pham phap luat, xu ly nhung trudng hgp bd may hanh chfnh vi pham phap luat ehu khdng phai true tie'p giai quye't tiep vu, viee.
Sau nam 2003, chinh phu khdng ap dung co che'ndi tren nua va tra tham quyen giai quyet cho uy ban nhan dan cae cap. Bd Tai nguyen Mdi trirang duge giao nhigm vu ddn doe chinh quyen cae tinh thuc hien nghidm vide tiep cdng dan va giai quydt khieu nai hanh chinh ve da't dai cua dan, kiem ti-a viec thuc thi phap luat ve da't dai va hd ti-g eac dia phuong ^ai quyet dirt diem cae vu khie'u nai hanh chfnh phiic tap ti*en dia ban. Ben eanh dd, ve phia coquan dan cu, qudc hgi va uy ban thmmg vu
NGHIEN c t r u - T R A O DOI qud'c hdi ciang da hdt sue quan tam tdi cdng tae giai
quyd't don khieu nai hanh ehinh ve dat dai ciia cdng dan, the hien trude bet bang viee ban hanh cac nghi quyd't ve nhieu ndi dung khae nhau eua cdng tac giai quydt khieu nai. Qude hgi da ban hanh Nghi quye't so 30/2004/QHll ve giai quyet khie'u nai, td cao trong hnh vuc quan ly hanh chinh nha nudc va trong do da chi ra nhiing nguydn nhan gay nen linh trang phue tap ti-ong giai quyd't khie'u nai (nliieu khia canh van cbn nguyen gia tri va tinh diing dan trong thdi die'm hien nay). Uy ban Thudng vu Qude hpi ciii^ da ban hanh Nghi quye't sd 715/2004/NQ-UBTVQHll va Nghi quyet sd 694/
2008/NQ-UBTVQH12 ve viee tie'p nhan, phan loai, xu- ly don thu khie'u nai, td cao va kie'n nghi cua cdng dan gui Qud'c hdi.
Nhung didu noi tren cho thay, no luc cua eac co quan cd th&i quyen tiong giai quye't cac khidu nai hanh chfnh cua nhan dan. Tuy nhien, xet d gdc do chat lugng giai quye't khid'u nai hanh chinh, cdng tae nay van bdc 16 mpt sdkhid'm khuye't, bat cap coban sau:
Mqt Id, mdt sd dia phuong, don vi cbn thieu traeh nhiem trong vide thu ly vu vide thudc tham quyen giai quydt (khdng thu ly, tiiu ly khong kip thdi) hoac thuc hien khdng diing trinh tu, thu tuc phap luat quy dinh, thu thap ehung cu, tai heu khdng day du, ke't luan thie'u chfnh xac. De'n khi cdng dan yen can thuc hien dung theo phap luat va thuc hien dung trach nhiem thi cd thai dp ne tranh, dim day nen edng dan tir chd khdng ddng tinh din de'n biie xue, kliidu nai vdi iiiai dp gay gat.
Hai Id, edng tac giai quydt khie'u nai hanh chfnh ve dat dai d mdt sd dia phuong trong mdt sdvu vide eu thd cbn Cling nhac hoac sg trach nhiem trudc phap luat ve phuong an giai quyet nen chua eo phuong an tdi uu dam bao quyen va lgi ich chfnh dang eua ngudi dan.
Ba Id, vln cdn tinh trang tdn dpngmdt sdvu viec khie'u nai cua cdng dan ehua duge giai quyd't kip thdi.
Thuc tien eho thay, uy ban nhan dan cac cap mac du da cd nhieu nd luc trong giai quye't khieu nai hanh chmh ve dat dai, nhung trung binh hang nam vln cdn tdn dpng mgt sd lugng vu vide ehua dugc giai quye't kip thdi, va day la mgt trong nhiing nguygn nhan din ddn tinh trang khie'u nai vugt cap, gay ra nhung phien ha va anh hudng khdng nho dd'n quyen lgi chfnh dang eua ngudi sudung dat.
Bd'n Id, mdt sd vu viee "ban chat ban dau la tranh chap dat dai giua cac hd gia i^nh da cd giay chiing
nhan quydn su dung dit, theo quy dinh ciia p thugc tham quydn giai quydt cua co quan toa an. Tuy vay, qua qua trinh khie'u kidn, tam ly chung la ng^i dua vu vide ra tda an giai quye't, lai phai ehiu an phi khi khoi kien... cong dan lai quay sang khig'u nai quyg't dinh hanh chfnh eua eo quan hanh chfnh nha nudc (quye't dinh cap gia'y chiing nhan quyen su dung dat).
Do dd, vu viec thudng di vao be'tae (khong xac dinhro la vu viec tranh chap hay khieu nai) va phan dinh tham quydn giai quye't (co quan toa an hay eo quaa hanh ehinh) din de'n cdng dan khie'u kien vugt ca'p, nhidu noi, tiiy thudc vao mdi dia phuong thi ap dpg phap luat de giai quye't lai khae nhau.
Nhung han ehe, khie'm khuye't neu tren trong giai quyet eae khieu nai hanh ehinh ve da't dai xuatphat tir cac nguydn nhan co ban sau:
Thu nhdt, nen hanh chfnh ehua that hudngtoimue tieu phuc vu nhan dan; ehinh quyen dia phuong cac cap chua giai quyet td't mdi quan he giiia nha nudc viii'' tu each la dai didn sd hiiu toan dan vd dat dai vii ngudi su dung dl^t, ehii trpng mdt chieu ve quyen thu hdi da't eua Nha nude, nha'n manh viee tao vd'n tii quy da't ma ehua quan tam day du lgi fch chfnh dang cua ngudi su dung dat, dae biet la trong vide dinh gia dSt bdi thudng, xu ly mdi tuong quan giua gia dat thu hoi vdi gia dat tai dinh cu (thu hdi gia da't qua thi'p, giao lai gia cao khdng thoa dang). Ngoai ra, chua lam tot mdi quan he giiia lgi feh eua xa hpi vdi lgi feh cua nhung ngudi ed da't hi thu hdi, thudng chi nhan manh de'n tfnh cap thiet cua vide giai phdng mat bang de cd duge du an, chua ehu y de'n nhiing van dd xa hgi naj sinh sau khi thu hdi dat, din tdi khdng bao dam di^u kien tai dinh cu, khdng co phuong an tich cue vd giai quydt viee lam cho ngudi cd da't bi thu hdi, nhat la doi vdi ndng dan khdng edn hoae cdn ft da't san xua't hoac nhung ngudi khdng cbn vide lam nhunoi deu.
Thu hai, ehinh saeh, phap luat ve dat dai cua nh^
nudc d mdi thoi ky ed su khac nhau; quy dinh v^ bfii thudng, hd trg khi nha nude thu hdi dat cbn bat cap, thudng thay ddi, trong khi dd, trgn thuc tdmdi dia phuoi^
to ehiic thue hien phap luat khac nhau. Tir dd tao nen sir so bi, th&c mae giiia dia phuong nay vdi dia phuoi^
khac, giua du an nay vdi du an khae hoac giua tnmi^
hgp nay vdi trirong hgp khac; tham ehf din dd'n tanh trang ngiroi chay y, cdtinh khong eha'p hanh tM dupcl(i hon nhiing ngiroi guong man chap hanh truoc... Ben canh 34
NGHIEN c u u - TRAO DOI dd, ehua ed CO chd thoa dang trong den bu thidt hai xay
ra hoac khac phuc hau qua mdt khi khie^u nai hanh cb'nh cua cong dan la diing, quy dinh ve bdi thudng thiet hai do oan, sai trong linh vue hanh chfnh eon thid'u va ehua ro rang.
Thii ba, su yeu kem trong edng tac quan ly nha nudc ve dat dai qua eae ky. Phan ldn eae vu khie'u nai hanh ehinh ve dat dai trai qua nhieu thoi ky thuc hien ehinh sach da't dai, hd so tai heu phan tan, mat mat hu hong, hien trang dst't thay dd'i nen khd xae dinh ngudn gde, dien tich; trong khi do, cong tac quan ly nha nudc vd da't dai d nhieu noi cbn budng long, thie'u din. chu, cdng khai; ddi ngii lam cdng tac giai quyet khie'u nai hanh ehinh edn nhieu bat cap ve trinh do, nang luc va pham ehat dao due; trong dd dang luu y la mgt bp phan can bg, edng chuc thoai hdabig'n chat lgi dung chiie quyen, eo hanh vi vu lgi trong quan ly, sii dung dat dai, de lai nhirng hau qua nang ne va gay ra nhiing bue xue trong duluan xa hpi, lam giam Ibng tin eua nhan dan vao co quan nha nude.
Thii tu, cdng tac tuyen truyen, phd bie'n giao due phap luat vd dd't dai chua thda dang ngn phap luat dat dai chua di vao cude sd'ng cua ngudi dan. Chfnh vi vay ma nhan thiic cua hp vd quydn va nghia vu eua ngudi su- dung di't chua thuc su dly du, diing phap luat; y thue chsfp hanh phap luat eiing nhu suhieu bid't vd phap luat cua mdt bd phan edng dan cbn ban chd'. Cd nhung trudng hop edng dan kliie'u nai hanh chfnh vdi nhirng dbi hdi qua cao vd quyen lgi eua minh hoae khdng am tirong ve tham quyen, trinh tu, thu tuc giai quyet khieu nai va quyen, nghia vu eua mmh nen gui don thutran lan, vugt cap; ed nhiing trudng hgp mac dii da duge giai quyet ed Iy, ed tinh nhung vln khdng chap nhan, ed tinh khie'u nai keo dai, tham ehf cd nhiing phan ung tieu cue, gay gat, cdchip, thie'u tdn trgng chfnh quyen, xue pham ea nhan ngudi giai quye't hoae lgi dung xui giuc, kfch dgng, cd hanh vi qua khich, gay rdi lam, eho tinh hinh them phiic tap va kho khan trong cdng tac giai quye't...
2. Mot so giai phap nang cao hieu luc, hieu qua giai quyet khieu nai hanh chinh ve dat dai
Thu nhdt, ddi mdi manh me ca ch^gidi quyet khieu nai hdnh ndi chung vd khieu nai hdnh chinh ve ddt dai noi rieng
Hien nay, d Viet Nam eung nhu nhieu qudc gia, vimg lanh tho ddu hudng bude giai quye't eudi cimg eac quydt dinh hanh chinh tdi toa hanh ehinh. Phuong
thiic nay se trd ndn khong hieu qua nd'u eae khidu nai hanh chfnh chi dmirc don gian hoae khi tda hanh chfnh chua du ngudi cd nang luc, ehuyen mon va kinh nghidm giai quyet. Theo dd, ngay o cae qud'c gia phat trien cung can tdi mgt he thdng co quan thudc khu vue hanh chinh nha nudc ed tham quyen giai quyet cae khie'u nai hanh ehinh trudc khi ngudi ed khie'u nai quyet dinh khoi kien ra tda hanh chinh.
Nghi quye't sd48-NQ/TW ngay 24 - 5 - 2005 cua Bg Chinh tri ve Chie'n luge xay dung va hoan thien he thd'ng phap luat Viet Nam de'n nam 2010, dinh hudng de'n nam 2020, da xac dinh rd: "Hodn thien phdp ludt ve khieu nq.i, to eao, bdo ddm moi quyet dinh vd hdnh vi hdnh chinh trdiphdp ludt deu duoc phdt hien vd cd tM hi khdi kien trudc tda dn; ddi mdi thii tuc gidi quy^
khieu nai, tdcdo vd thii tuc gidi quyet cdc vu dn hdnh chinh theo hudng cdng khai, dan gian, thudn hi cho ddn, dong thai bdo dam tinh thdng sudt, hieu qud cua qudn ly hdnh chinh".
Thue tidn ap dung phap luat vd khid'u nai hanh chfnh va giai quye't khidu nai hanh chinh thdi gian qua da bge Id mpt sd ban che co ban sau:
Mot Id, viec giai quye't khie'u nai mang tinh khep kin, eo quan hanh ehinh cap dudi da giai quyg't neu eon cd khig'u nai tie'p tue duge coquan hanh ehinh cap tren giai quye't. Vdi ldi giai quydt "vua da bdng, viia thd'i cbi"
thi khd tranh khoi tinh trang thidn vi, bao che, dung tung, nha't la khi quye't dinh hanh ehinh sai tiai hen quan de'n trach nhiem cua co quan hanh ehinh cap trdn.
Hai Id, thu tuc giai quyg't khid'u nai mang tfnh hanh chfnh, khep kin, thie'u su minh bach lam cho ngudi khieu nai, ngudi bi khie'u nai va cae bdn lien quan ft ed eo hdi "tranh tung" de tim ra su: th^t khaeh quan va bien phap giai quyg't phii hgp.
Ba Id, hoat ddng giai quye't khie'u nai hanh chinh trong CO quan hanh chfnh ehua duge phan dinh va tach bach vdi boat ddng quan ly hanh chfnh. Cac co quan hanh chmh vira ban hanh quye't dinh de dieu hanh cae linh vuc khih te - xa hdi, vua giai quyet cac khieu nai ddi vdi quye't dinh hanh chfnh. Co ehe dd la khdng phii hop vdi yen can ddi mdi boat ddng quan ly nha nudc.
Bdn Id, viee giai quye't khidu nai cua eac co quan hanh chfnh chua dam bao ti'nh chuyen nghiep nen hieu qua khdng eao. Nguyen nhan do chue nang, nhiem vu eua eac eo quan nay la to chuc, trid'n khai boat ddng quan ly nha nude; can bd, edng ehue khdng dugc dao
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NGHE&N c t r u - TRAODOI tao kie'n thiie, ky nang can thig't de' giai quydt, trong
khi dd cae kliieu nai hanh cb'nh rat da dang va phiie tap nen eo quan hanh ehinh mat qua nbeu thdi gian, cdng siic vao vide giai quye't khie'u nai, nen anh huong khdng nho de'n boat dgng quan ly dieu hanh.
De khac phuc tinh trang bait cap trong co chd giai quyd't kbe'u nai hanh chfnh hien nay, bao dam quyen va loi fch hgp phap eua edng dan, tang cudng phap che xa hdi chu ngba, phuc vu hgi nhap kinh te qud'c te cln phai ngben cuu ddi mdi co che giai quyg't khieu nai hanh eb'nh. Tbg't nghi, can sdm tbg't lap hinh thiic giai quyg't kbe'u nai hanh chfnh bang eo che tai phan hanh chfnh. Hmh thuc dgc lap hoan toan vdi hd thd'ng CO quan quan ly hanh cb'nh nha nudc va cd chue nang cb'nh la giai quye't cac kbe'u nai hanh cb'nh.
So voi cac hinh thiie giai quye't tranh chap khae, tai phan hanh chi'nh cd cac uu die'm sau: bao dam tinh ddc lap vdi coquan ban hanh quyg't dinh hanh chinh hay cd hanh vi hanh chfnh hi kbe'u nai; bao dam tinh chuydn ngbdp va tinh ehiu traeh nbem trong giai quye't kbd'u nai hanh chinh; bao dam tinh binh dang giiia ngudi kbeu nai va ngiroi bi khid'u nai; bude giai quye't tai eo quan tai phan hanh eb'nh la buoc chuan bi td't vd tulieu cho bude giai quye't tai toa hanh chinh (nd'u xay ra);
giam ap lue cdng vide giai quyet kbe'u nai hanh chfnh ldn CO quan thanh tra cb'nh phu.
Tuy nben, hinh thuc giai quye't tranh chap blng co ehe tai phan hanh chmh eung ed nhuoe die'm: bd may hanh chfnh nha nude tang them bidn chd de dam bao nhSn suhoat ddng tai phan hanh cb'nh; khd cd the dap ling dugc ngudn lue can bd ed trinh do cao lam viec trong cac CO quan tai phan hanh cb'nh; khd cd the dam bao tinh ddc lap that sir giiia he thd'ng co quan tai phan hanh ehinh va he thd'ng co quan quan ly hanh ehinh trong bdi canh van hda truyen thd'ng eua Yiet Nam.
Thiihai, day manh tuyen truydn, phobien, gido due phdp ludt ddt dai, phdp ludt khieu nai hdnh chinh
Dly manh cdng tac tuydn truyen, phdbie'n, giao due phap luat da't dai, phap b a t kbe'u nai hanh chfnh eho can bd, cdng chuc va nhan dan de dam bao tmh thd'ng nhat trong nhan thuc va thue ben phap luat. Hoat ddng tuyen truydn, phdbie'n, giao due phap b a t nham muc dfch nang eao hieu biet ve phap luat, y thuc phap luat va van hoa phap ly eho edng ehiie lam edng tae quan iy nha nudc va mgi ting ldp nhan dan, xay dung dugc y thiic thuc t b phap luat cua mpi ngiroi dan trdn dia ban.
Viee tuyen truyen, pho bie'n, giao due phap luat phai cd su:phdi hgp chat che giua ehmh quydn dia p h u o n g ^ eac nganh, eae cap, nha't la vdi mat trSn td qudc ^^M ehiic thanh vien. N8i dung va bnh thiic tuyen t r u ^ J phd bie'n, giao due phap luat phai de nhd, dg hidu v|
phai hdt sue thidt thuc, dap iing dung ydu elu tim beu eua ngiroi dan; nha't la nhung ngi dung hdn quan ddn thu hie hanh eb'nh ve chuyd'n quyen su dung dit; k^
khai dang ky quyen su dung dat; quyen va n g h l a ^ phap ly cua ngiroi su dung dat; vd giai quydt kbe'u ngi hanh cbnh va ve xuphat vi pham hanh chmh, hinh su trong linh vuc datdai...
Trong thdi gian sap tdi, eong tae tuydn truydn, phdbie'n, giao due phap luat dit dai, phap luat kbe'u nai hanh chfnh can tap trung vao mdt sd diem ca ban sau day:
Mot Id, hoan tben eo ehe quan ly nha nudc ve edng tac tuydn truydn, phd bidn, giao due phap luSt dat dai, phap luat khidu nai tirtinh den huydn va dd'n cac xa, phudng, thi tran. Kien toan luc lugng can bd lam cdng tae tuydn truyen, pho bie^n, giao due phap luat da't dai, phap luat kbe'u nai. Dpi ngii nay phai du vd so' lugng va cd chat lugng tdt, nha't la phai am bdu tam tu nguyen vgng thig't tha cua nhan dan ddi vdi phap luat da't dai, kbe'u nai hanh chfnh ve dat dai.
Hai Id. ddng vign, khuyen khf ch va td chiic cho quin' chiing nhan dan tich cue tham gia vao eae hoat ddng thuc bdn phap luat da't dai. Nhan dan se beu biet phap luat da't dai mdt each sau sac dly du hon k b hg tu minh van dung nd. Ti vay, can phai mo rgng dan ehu, cdiig khai trong boat ddng eua cac co quan nha nudc nham thu hut ddng dao quin chungnh^n dan tham gia xay dung phap luat, thuc ben phap luat va giam sat viee thuc hien phap luat theo nguyen tae: dan biet, dSn ban, dan lam, dan kie'm tra, tao dieu kien de nhan dan tham gia thao lu^n, ddng gdp y kie'n vao cac van ban phap b a t da't dai nha't la cac van ban quy pham phap luat da't dai nhm. hudng din td chiie thuc bdn thdng nhat phap b a t luat ve dat dai.
Ba Id, td ehiic trie'n khai tuyen truydn, phd bidn, giao due ndi dung cac van ban phap luat dat dai, phap lu4t kbeu nai hanh chinh tdi mgi tang ldp nhSn dan.
Ddng thdi, phai da dang hda eae hinh thuc tiiyentiuyen, phd bien, giao due phap luat, vdi cae hinh thiic phong phii, thigt thuc, hieu qua phii hgp vdi dae die'm va trinh dp dan trf, tinh hinh thuc te o timg dia ban.
NGHIEN CUU - TRAO DOI
Budi ddi thoai giiia Dodn cdng tac liin ngdnh vdi cde hd ddn a Con Ddu, XudnHda, Cdm Li, Bd N&ng trong viic den hd, bdtri ddt tdi dinh cudi thuc hiin "Budn Khu dd thi sinh thdiHdaXudn". (Anh: SN)
Bdn Id, md rdng va nang cao chat lugng boat ddng tuvan, dich vu phap ly, tang cudng phdi hgp giira eac eo quan, doan the quan chiing, trung tam trg giiip phap ly, van phdng luat su, dae biet la tu van phap luat ve da't dai, phap luat kbdu nai. Hoat ddng tu van va dich vu phap ly can dugc to chuc sap xep lai, dd'i mdi phuong thirc hoat ddng, da dang hda cac loai bnh dich vu nham dap iing nhu cau va phuc vu ed beu qua hon nhung ddi hoi eua xa hdi nhu gidi tbeu cae van ban phap luat mdi ve dat dai, cac quy dinh mdi ve kbg'u nai va giai quyet kbeu nai vd da't dai.
Ndm Id, su dung ed beu qua cac tu sach phap luat 0 cae xa, phudng, thi tran. Tu sach phap luat phue vu eho mgi nha, phuc vu thgan lgi cho ddng dao quan ehiing nhan d&i. Mudn vay, cac dia phuong trong tinh phai thudngxuyen CElp nhat nhung van ban phap lu^t vd dit dai de nhan dan ed the tu minh nghidn cuu tai day. Thudng xuydn, lidn tue dua bao ehi dd'n cac trung tSm van hda eo sd, chii y ddi vdi cac viing sau, vimg xa,
Thiiba, nang cao tiinh do, ndng lye, phdm chdt dao diic vd c6 chedd ddi ngo ddi vdi cdn bo, eong ehiic ldm cdng tac qudn ly nhd nudc ve ddt dai vd cdng tde gidi quyet khieu nai hdnh chinh ve ddt dai
Trinh do chuyen mon, ngbep vu eung nhu pham chat dao due cua ddi ngu cong ehuc la yd'u td quyet dinh de'n tig'n do va chat lugng cua van ban quy pham
phap b a t dat dai, de'n viec to chuc thue hidn cac van ban dd, den cdng tac giai quye't khid'u nai ve dit dai.
Trong giai doan hien nay, can phai quan tam thuc ben td't mdt so'ndi dung coban sau:
Trudc het, canra soat lai dgi ngu eong chiJC quan ly nha nude ve dat dai va cdng ehirc dam traeh cdng tac giai quydtkbe'unai hanh chinh ve da't dai hien cd; nam chac sdlugng, tid'n hanh danh gia mdt each thuc ehat, toan dien tren cac phuong dien lam can eu eho nhiing hoat ddng tie'p theo. Vide danh gia dpi ngu nay cln dua tren nhung tieu cb' coban nhupham chit cbnh tri, dao due, trinh dd, nang luc va siic khoe; trong dd, cln dae biet quan tam den tieu chuan pham chat cb'nh tri, dao due. Tir dd, ddi ebeu vdi yeu cau, ddi hoi eua cdng vide dat ra va tieu ehuan cdng ehuc nham xac dinh dugc cu the sutbdu hay thua ve sdlugng, dap iing dugc ddn dau ve chat lugng va lam rd cln phai lam gi (ca trude mat va lau dai) de xay dung dpi ngu nay.
Ketiep, bd tri dao tao, bdi dudng can bp, cdng chiic theo quy hoaeh. Vide quy hoaeh la dinh hudng dua ngudi vao nhung vi trf cdng viec, ehuc danh cu the do dd can dao tao, bdi dudng hp theo vi tri, chiic danh dd. Didu nay dbi hdi ehinh quyen dia phuong cae cap phai xay dung quy hoaeh (feo tao, bdi dirong sat hgp cho titng dia phuong vdi thdi ban xac dinh (mdt nam, mgt nhiem ky, dinh hudng cho mgt thdi 1^ tuong ung vdi ke hoaeh phat tiien
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NGHlfiN Ciru - TRAODOI kinh te'- xa hgi cua dia phuong va dat nudc). Trudc mat,
nhung can bg tre, ed kha nang phat tridn can dua di dao tao cb'nh quy; cbn nhiing ngiroi ldn tuoi, nang lire co phan ban chdtb can phai bdi dudng cho hg va bd trf eong viee hgp ly, ddng thdi phai quan tam tim nguon thay the. Ddi voi nhung ngudi khdng cd kha nang thue t b cdng viee t b cd cb'nh sach, chg dp phii hgp de thay dd'i cong viec hoac ngM ehe dd. Quan tam thirong xuygn dd'n viec bdi dudng dd kip thdi bo sung, cap nhat tii thuc, ky nang, phuong phap lam vide nham tang nang suat lao ddng cho tijng ngiroi eu the.
Sau ket, che dp, cb'nh sach eho dgi ngu cdng chuc quan ly nha nudc ve dat dai va edng chiic dam traeh cdng tae giai quyet kbe'u nai hanh cb'nh vd dd,'t dai la ye'u td quan trgng de xay dung dpi ngii nay du sue dap ling ygu cau, nbem vu. Can cd chinh sach dai ngd, khen thudng thda dang ddi vdi dpi ngu can bd, cdng ehiic: cbnh sachtienluong, che dp thucmg va phu cap, dai ngd nhan tai, ap dung cae hinh thuc bie'u duong tdn vinh dia vi xa hdi ddi vdi nhiing ngudi co cdng hig'n eho su:ngbep phat trien eua nganh, cua dia phuong...
Co the'ndi, cbnh sach, ehe dp ddi vdi can bg, cdng ehuc hidn nay nhin ehungla cbn nbeu ba^t cap. Didu nay ed anh hudng khdng it de'n nang lue va nhiet huye't cua hp. Va eiing chinh didu nay dan tdi suvan dung ho trg cho can bg, edng chuc mdi noi mdt khac, tuy thudc vao kha nang eua tiing dia phuong, co quan, don vi.
Tuy nben, se la phid'n dien ne'u khdng quy dinh vd xiily ky b i t nghiem minh nhirng hanh vi vi pham eua dgi ngu edng chuc nay. Day ciing la ye'u td can thie't dam bao cho qua trinh xay dung dgi ngu can bd, cdng chuc chuyen ngbep, bdn dai sdm ti-d thanh hien thuc.
Kip thdi ndu guong can bg td't, giiip dd can bd gap khd khan, ngan ehan nhung bie'u bdn lech lac, cohdi, thoai hda, bie'n chat. Tang cudng cac hinh thuc thanh tra:
dinh ky, chuygn de, lien nganh, vu viec... dd'kip thdi phat hien va xu ly eae hanh vi vi pham phap b a t dat dai, khdng ne nang, ne tranh hoae bao che cho cae hanh vi vi pham phap luat dit dai; nhung hanh vi vi pham du yd'u td cau thanh tdi pham thi nhanh chdng chuye'n hd so sang eo quan tie'n hanh td tung de truy euu trach nbdm bnh su.
Thii tu, quan tdm ddu tukinh phi do ve bdn do, hodn thien vi?c xay dung ho so dia chinh, ddy manh cdng tde edp gidy chiing nhdn quyen sii dung ddt de thiet lap ho saphdp ly ldm tdi liiu eo bdn trong gidi
quyet cdc tranh chap, khieu nai hdnh chinh vk datdai Theo quy dinh Luat Dat dai nam 2003 t b "hfi' so dia cbnh" la hd so phuc vu quan ly nha nudc ddi vdi ngudi su dung dat, bao gdm cac tai lidu: ban do dia cb'nh, so dia ehinh, so muc ke dat dai, sd theo ddi bien ddng dat dai. Ndi dung hd so dia chfnh bao gdm cac thdng tm khdng gian va tiiugc tinh cua thua di't nhusif' beu, kfch thudc, hinh thd', didn ti'ch, vi tri; ngiroi su dung thua da't; nguon gd'c, muc dieh, thdi ban sudung dat; gia da't, tai san gan hen vdi da't, nghia vu tai ehinh vd ddt dai da thuc hidn va chua thuc ben; gily ehirii|
nhan quydn su dung da't, quydn va nhiing ban che ve quydn cua ngudi sii dung dat; bieii ddng trong qua tiinh sir dung dat va cac thdng tm khae ed hen quan,
Do ed nbdu suthay ddi ve dia gidi hanh cb'nh trong nhirng thap men qua nen phln ldn cac dia phuong tr@n ea nudc mdi ehi lap bd hd so dia chfnh tam thdi, sudung;
ban do cii do ve tii nhung nam 1980, cha't lugng thap (ban dd 299). Nhin ehung, he thd'ng co sodirhdu quanly da't dai bdn nay da lac hau, phan tan rdi rae, chua cd sir thd'ng nhat, ket ndi cac loai tai lieu. Cd nbeu dia phuoi^
dugc quy hoaeh eae khu, cum cdng nghidp, cae khu dM eu voi nhieu bien dgng da't dai (khdng edn bdn trang cii), nhung do chua ed ban dd dia cb'nh hoae ban dd (^
ngn tirkb lap quy hoaeh den k b thue bdn diian, canbo dia chfnh khdng ed eo sd dd cap nhat, chinh ly bien d$ng • dat dai.
Trong thoi gian trude mat cln thuc hidn td't m6t s|' ngi dung sau:
- Thuc ben viec ra soat, danh gia dly du tinh hinh;
thue ben vide cap giay ehung nhan quydn sii dung d^t;
ra scat cac van ban do dia phuong ban hanh lien quanj de'n viec cap giay chiing nhan quydn sudung dat de su!|
ddi eho phii hgp vdi Luat Datdai va cac nghi dinh, thdng tu hudng din t b hanh Luat Da't dai ben hanh.
- Tang eudng chi dao, kiem tra, giam sat viec Mp, cap nhat, ehinh ly hd so dia chfnh o tat ea eac van phong dang ky quyen su dung dat va uy ban nhan daa cap xa de bao dam nguyen t&c mgi thua da't da cap giay ehiing nhan phai duge thd hien dly du, thdng;
nhat eae thong tin trong hd so dia chi'nh o cae cap, i - Day manh viee xay dung co sodiilieu dia chinh (cbit gpi la hd so dia cWnh dang sd) thay the eho vide Up h^
so dia chfnh trdn giay nham dap ung kip thdi ydu can quan ly da't dai va ydu eau cdng khai hda thdng tm dat dai trong thi tnrong bat dgng san ben nay.
