Trln Bich Hanh
Giao due gia trj sdng cho tlie lie tre tuf di san cua cac nha khoa hoc Viet Nam
Tran Bich Hanh
Trung lam Oi s^n cac nha Ithoa hoc Viet Nam So 561 Lac Long Quan, Xuan La, quan Tay H6, Ha m. Viet Nam Email tranbichhanIi@herrtislcom
TOM TAT: Trong viec giio due gii tri doi vdl thi he tre li hgc sinh, sinh vien, mgt trong nhdng bien phip hdu hieu la neu guong td nhdng con ngudi that, vide lim that. Di sin cua cic nhi khoa hgc Vidt Nam (bao gom nhdng ciu chuyen, tii lidu va hien vit sin sinh trong qua trinh boat dong ci)a hg) cd nhieu tiem ning de thdo hien cdng tic nay. Bai viet tap trung lim ro cic gii tri song tiem ting trong di sin cua cic nha khoa hgc Vidt Nam td thuc ti boat dgng cija Trung tim Di san cic nhi khoa hoc Viet Nam, dong thdi de xuit mgt so hinh thde giio due, Idng ghep ngi dung td di sin cda nhi khoa hgc Viet Nam vio chuong trinh hgc tip cua hgc sinh phi thdng de quing bi rdng rai hOn nOa gii tri di sin nay trong xa hdi.
TLf KHOA: Giao due gia tn song; di san niia l(hoa hoc; giao due di s^n.
•> Nhan bai 23/3/2020 -> Nhan bai iJa chinh sila 22/4/2020 •^ Duyel dang 15/5/2020.
1 . Dat v a n d e
Tir vai thap nien tra lai day, v4n de giao due (GD) gia tri song (GTS) cho the he tre tra thanh mgt chu de quan tam lan tren the giai ciing nhu a Viet Nam, nham dao tao con nguoi huong dSn ehan - thien - mi. Cac chuang trinh GD GTS cho lua tu6i mSm non, tieu hgc, trung hgc ca s6, trung hgc pho thong lan lugt ra dai rat phong phu va da dang. Tu hoat dgng GD GTS trong truang pho thong cho thay, viec GD GTS thong qua nhung con nguai thuc, viec thuc va bang hinh thiic mang tinh trai nghiem de neu guang tot la bo ich va hieu qua. Di san cua cac nha khoa hoc Viet Nam co tiem nang va can khai thae cho viec GD nhu vay. Thong qua loai hinh di san nay, co the kit n6i nhiing bai hgc qua khii vai cugc song hien tai va dinh huang tuang lai cho the he tre, dac biet la hgc sinh (HS) ph6 thong. Bai viet tap trung phan tich tiem nang GD GTS tu di san cua cac nha khoa hgc thong qua tai lieu, hien vat duoc luu trQ: tai Trung tam Di san cdc nha khoa hgc Viet Nam, ddng thai dua ra mgt so bien phap dk GD GTS cho the he tre tu loai hinh di san nay.
2. Npi d u n g n g h i e n cuTu
2.1. Di san cua nha khoa hoc Viet Nam - mot nguon Xti lieu giao due
Trong lich sir hien dai Viet Nam, cac nha khoa hgc Viet Nam CO dong gop to Ion doi vai cong cugc xay dung va bao ve T6 qu6c, dac biet la su phat trien ve khoa hgc. Hg la mgt bg phan quan trgng ciia xa hgi, dugc coi la "tinh hoa" cua dkt nuac. Vi6c nghien ciiu cugc dai va lam ro nhiJng dong gop cua hg se gop phan lam sang to bice tranh vg Heh sii timg nganh khoa hgc noi rieng, lieh sir khoa hgc va lich sii dkt nuac noi chung.
Nhan thay t§m quan trong cua v4n da nay, tir nam 2008,
mot trung tam nghien ciiu, bao ton va tir dam nhan trach nhiem phat huy gia tri di san cua cac nha khoa hpc Viet Nam ra dai, mang ten Trung tam Di san cac nha khoa hgc Viet Nam (TTDS) [1; tr.7]. Nhung nguai thanh lap Trung tam da xae lap quan niem va phuang phap nghien ciiu doi vai loai hinh di san nay. Theo do, di san cua cac nha khoa hgc bao g6m di san vat the va di san phi vat th6.
Di sdn vdt thi eua nha khoa hgc la tai lieu, hien vat trong qua trinh hoat dgng, do hp tao ra va rat da dang, nhu: so ghi chep, ban thao bai viet, ban thao sach, ban thao cong trinh nghien ciiu, nhat ki, thu tir, giay ta ca nhan.. .Di san vat the cua cac nha khoa hgc khong ehi la nhung san pham hoan thien, da eong bo ma quan trpng hon, gom ea nhirng tai lieu, hien vat trong qua trinh hg nghien ciru, dii do chi la ban nhap, ban vilt tay. Loai di san nay eho phep nguai nghien ciiu co the thky su thay ddi, phat triln trong tu duy, suy nghT, nhan thiic eua nha khoa hgc theo thdi gian.
Di sdn phi vgt the cua nha khoa hgc la nhung cau chuyen, ki lic, kinh nghiem trong cugc dai ma hg da trai qua, dugc ke hoae ghi chep lai va luu trii duai nhilu dang khae nhau. Thong qua di san phi vat the nay eo the nim bat, nhan dang nhieu thong tin lich su lien quan den mgt con nguai, mgt caquan, mgt cgng dong...a nhung thoi diem khac nhau. Cung co the sir dung loai di san nay dl nghien cim, lam ro nhiing dilm khuyet thilu eua lich sir ma tu lieu thanh van chua de cap, hoae giiip nhan thiic lai cac van de lich su [2; h.69]. Bdng phuong phap nghien ciiu nhan hge, xa hgi hgc heh sir va mgt s6 phuang phap khac, cho phep nhin nhan cupc ddi nha khoa hge nhu mgt ddng chay dai. Tucmg tu nhu vay, di san ma hg tao ra (bao gdm ca di san vat the va phi vat thi) se cho phep hieu day dii ve cugc ddi va su nghiep mpt con ngudi
So 30 IhJing 6/2020
eung nltu moi trucmg xa hgi xung quanh co quan h? vm ho Voi suy nghi nhu vay, TTDS cho rang, mol nha Idioa hoc la mot soi chi, tao nen tira tham muon mau cua nen Idioa hoc nuoc nha [3; tr.61].
Trong 12 nam hoat dgng ke tir khi thanh lap (nam 2008) dSn nay, thong qua doi ngu gta 20 nguoi lam vice true tiep v6i cac nha khoa hoc, gia dinh, dong nghiep va ban be ciia nha khoa hgc tren pham vi toan quoc, TTDS da nghien ciiu - suu tjra va thiSt lap ho so ciia hon 1.700 nha khoa hoc. S6 nha khoa hpc nay o hon 40 chuyen nganh khoa hgc, tir khoa hoc tu nhien (Toan hoc, Vat li, Hoa hpc, Sinh hpc, Y hgc, Nong nghiep,...) den khoa hpc xa hpi (Van hoc, Lich sir, Triet hpe...) va khoa hpc kl thuat, img dung (Xay dung, Co khi, Luyen kim,...).
Cac nha khoa hgc s6ng, hpe tap va trucfng thanh trong nhieu giai doan ciia lich sii dSt nuoc, hi khang chijn ch6ng Phap, khang chi6n chdng MT, tir thcii ki bao cip d6n thcri ki doi moi va hpi nhap hien nay.
Trung tam Di san cac nha khga hgc Viet Nam da thu thap hem 800.000 don vi tai lieu da dang v6 Ipai hinh: tir s6 ghi ehep, nhat ki, thu tir den ban thag cgng hrinh, ban thag sach, anh tu lieu, nhiing dung cu thi nghiem, ki vat trong doi ciia nha khoa hpc. Ben canh do, thu thap hang van phiit ghi am, ghi hinh cac nha khoa hpc ke chuyen cupc dgi, chuyen hpc, chuyen nghien eiru, ehuyen tinh yeu, doi nhan xir the... TTDS da kip thai thu thap tu lieu cua nhieu nha khoa hpc, khpng lau sau do hg qua dpi nhu giag su (GS) Van Tao (Sii hgc), GS Le Quang Long (Sinh hgc), GS Nguyin Van Nhan (Y hpe), GS Hoang Tuy, GS NguySn Canh Toan (Toan hpc), GS Pham Dire Duong (Ngon ngu hgc), GS Phan Hiru Dat (Dan tgc hpc)... Nhieu khoi tai lieu, hien vat co nguy co m4t mat, hu hong do m6i mgt va thai tigt da dupc "c4p ctm" nhu tai lieu eua GS Ton That Tung, GS Bang Van Chung (Y hpc), GS Vii Dinh Cu (Vat li)... [4, tr 12] (xem Hinh 1).
mni I t l
— Si iii
mm
Itiilki
Hinh 1. Mgt phdng trong hi thing kho luu trU di sdn nhd khoa hoc tai TTDS
Kh, tilp can vdi khdi di san dd so nay, n h i l u chuyen gia
trong linn y u c l u u u u , VJ^KJ io..e, v . ^ ^^^ i^ug.^uv; Mioag chi la ngudn tu lieu nghien ciiu co gia tri vl mat Iich sir - van hda, ma cdn co gia tri GD sau s5c. NhSn niEinli vk tiSm nang GD tir khdi di san nay, GS.TS Nguyin Thi Hoang van (nguyen Phd Vien trudng Vien Khoa hgc GD Viet Nam) nhan dinh: Trung tam co nhiing cSu chuydn that, nhirng hien vat that ke ve cupc ddi cua cac nha khoa hgc vdi nhung ddng gdp that. Su that luon co sire miinii tdi thugng, tac ddng vao niem tin va cam xiic ciia HS noi rieng va chiing ta ndi chung [5; tr.ll].
Nhu vay, di san ciia cac nha khoa hgc la mgt loai hioh di san van hda, cd gia tri va mang tinh GD, la nguSn tu lieu nSu bidt khai thae tot se phuc vu dSc lire cho GD truygn thdng, truyen cam hiing, lan tda gia hi tdt dep din the he tre noi chung va HS, sinh vien noi rieng - nhung ngudi dang tren dudng kien tao gia tri cho ban than.
2.2. Ntiii'ng gia trj song tir dl san nha khoa hoc Viet Nam Nam 2013, nhan thky tam quan trgng cua GD di san trong nha trudng, Bg GD&DT phoi hgp cung Bg Van hda. The thao va Du lich Viet Nam da ban hanh Thong tir 73 de hudng dan sir dung di san trong djiy hgc d tnrdng phd thdng. Tir dd, hang loat chuong trinh GD da duac thiet ke va tnen khai trong thuc te d Trung tam Quan li bao tdn di san Hdi An, Trung tam Van Mieu - Quoc Tir Giam... Vdi di san nha khoa hoc, chinh cugc dcri va nhung di san cua hg la nhiing bai hgc GD, chiia dung GTS, bdi dap cho the he sau tir nhirng thanh cong, that bai Clia hg.
Theo GS.TS Nguyin Thi My Ldc, PGS.TS Dinh Thi Kim Thoa va TS Dang Hoang Minh, dudi gdc do dao due hge, gia tri ludn gan lien vcri nhirng khai niem trung tam nhu: cai thien, cai ac, cdng bang, bmh dang, bac ai, hdi vi khai niem gia tri thugc pham vi ddi song dao diic cua con ngudi, cac quan he xa hgi va qua trinh hinh thanh cac chuan muc, quy t5e dao dire ciia xa hgi. Con dudi gdc do tam li hgc, khai niem gia tri dugc nghien ciiu nhkm. muc dich tim hi^u hanh vi, boat dgng cua con ngudi va du bao su phat tri6n cua nhan each. Gia tri, theo nghTa chung nhkt, chimg ta ed th6 hidu dd la cai da lam cho mdt khaeh th8 nao dd cd ich, cd nghia, dang quj* doi vdi chii thd, dugc nigi ngudi thira nhan [6; tr.39]. Nam 1995, mdt dir an qudc td ve GTS da dugc tri6n khai tai hon 100 nudc va cac nha nghien ciiu da dua ra ket qua vdi 12 GTS phd quat ciia nhan loai gdm: hda buih, tmng thuc, ton trgng, yeu thuang, trach nhi§m, khiem ton, khoan dung, hgp tac, gian di, tu do, doan k6t, hanh phuc.
Tir cau chuyen cugc ddi va su nghiep, tir tai li?u hien v?t Clia hon 1.700 nha khoa hgc Viet Nam dang dugc luu trfi tai TTDS, cd thd nhan th4y c^c gia tri dd v^ nhi6u gia tri khae nira. Chang han nhu, tinh thdn yeu hda binh, chong chien tranh, ehdng anh hudng va he qua ciia chi^n tranh ddi vdi con ngudi. Dd la cau chuy?n sin sang ISo ^^^^^
^ ^ u p f f pgn' tog qi jqigB c^
nhSp ngu, tda di khip cac chiSn trudng dk bao vl sir biiih yen cua Td qudc cua the he nha khoa hgc hay cau chuy$n vd su kien tri trong cdng cugc chdng I^i tham hga dioxm cua cac nha hda hgc, y hgc tii cudi nhimg nam 1970.
Cung de dang thSy tmh cam vai nhung ngudi frong gia dinh, yeu thucmg ban be, thiy c6, ddng nghiep, hgc trd, rgng hon la tinh yeu qua huong, dk nuac dugc the hien ttong timg suy nghT, hanh dgng ciia moi nha khoa hgc.
Tir dd, hg y thiic dugc trach nhiSm voi ban nhan, gia dinh, CO quan don vi va vdi dit nudc, hg ludn khiem tdn, nd luc vuon len dk cdng hidn. Trong hoan eanh the gidi va dSt nudc cd nhieu bidn ddi nhu Men nay, traeh nhiem cdng dan ciia hg cdn the hien trong viec nghien ciiu de bao ve mdi trudng, chdng 6 nhiem rac thai, chdng dich benh lan ttan. Nhimg diic tinh gian di, khoan dung, hop tac, doan ket, ton ttgng ban than va tdn ttgng nguai khac Cling bieu hien ro thong qua nhihig cau ehuyen cu thd ciia cac nha khoa hgc. Dae biet, ndi bat d cac nha khoa hgc la tinh trung thuc ttong cugc sdng, ttong hgc tap va nghien euu. GS Hoang Tuy (nguyen Vien trudng Vien Toan hgc) timg nhan manh ttong kinh nghiem gan 90 nam boat dgng ciia minh: "Viec chdng gian ddi ttong khoa hgc de bao ve su trung thuc, liem khiet khoa hgc la yeu cau biic thiet, cSn quydt liet ngay tii sdm, diing de nd phat trien ddn giai doan di can khdng kidm soat ndi"
[7; tt.286].
Khdng chi cd nhihig gia tri chung phd quat, nha khoa hgc Viet Nam cdn cd nhirng gia tri, pham chat mang tinh dac thu cua truyen thdng dan tgc nhu: can cii, ham hgc va dac biet la quyet tam vuct khd de dam nghT dam lam, khong ngung dam me, sang tao, ddi khi chap nhan ca hi sinh de vucm tdi thanh cdng. Trong mdi nha khoa hgc ed the cd mgt gia tri hoae nhieu gia tri, khong nhiing cd nhimg gia tri chung ma cdn cd gia tri rieng.
Di vao cu the mdt vai trudng hgp dd minh chiing cho viec nha khoa hgc tao ra gia tri rieng va cd anh hudng din viec GD the he tre. Bd suu tap tai lieu ciia GS Tdn That Timg (Y hgc) gdm ban 4000 don vi, gom nhieu loai. Trong do, nhiing cudn nhat kl nam 1950- 1951,dng da ghi chep nhung dieu tai nghe mit thky ttong thdi gian di cdng tae d Trieu Tien,Trung Qudc giiia liic cuoc khang chien chdng Phap dang dien ra ac liet ttong nudc. Nhiing ghi chep do khdng chi phan anh tinh thSn ham hgc hdi, ti mi va dc quan sat khoa hgc, ma con the hien ttach nhiem cua mpt bac sT khi cd gang tun ra kinh nghiem td chirc va xii li cho cac ca sd y tS ttong thdi chi6n, dk khi ttd ve cd the ap dung true tiep d cac chian dich. Nhat ki Dien Bien Phii ciia dng ghi ttong nhung ngay thang 4 va thang 5 nam 1954 khdng chi giiip nhin dien ro bdi canh va tinh hinh y te cua ta nhiing ngay ky, mk edn bigu hien tmh thuang yeu eua mdt thiy thudc vdi cac chidn Sl diing tten bd sinh hi. Nhitng hki ndi, bai viat ciia dng trong cugc khang chian chdng MT dugc giri vao mien
Nam vdi tinh than yeu hoa binh da khai day cam hiing cho khong chi nhiing chien sT, thanh nien d midn BSc, ma ca nhirng ngudi d ben kia chien tuyen. Tinh than tu do va hgp tac lai dugc phan anh ro net trong tung ttang nhat ki di Phap (1970), di MT (1979) khi dng thing thin nhin nhan cae van de ve anh hudng cua chat doc dioxin len ngudi dan Viet Nam ma khdng sg bat ki lap luan hoae su ap dat tu duy nao cua ddng nghiep nudc ngoai...
Va cdn hang ttam biic thu ttao ddi giua dng vdi cac nha khoa hgc Phap, Diic, MT nham thiet lap nhirng moi quan he khoa hgc va dua Benh vien Viet - Diic ngay mgt phat trien hien dai ban. Chi cd the bang nhiing tai lieu, hien vat va nhimg cau chuyen ehan that duoc ke ra tii cugc ddi mgt nha khoa hgc limg danh mdi cd the gay dugc nhiing cam xue, cam himg khae nhau cho mdi ngudi khi dugc tiep can nd.
Nhiing tai lieu, hien vat ve doan can bd Viet Nam diu tien dugc Trung uong Dang va Chii tich Hd Chi Minh cu di Lien Xd hgc tap nam 1951 (mgt su kien lich sir it dugc ghi lai trong cac tai lieu thanh van) ciing cd nhihig gia tri GD sau sac. Mgt cudn sd ghi chep ehi nhd bang ban tay tir each day gan 70 nam cua PGS Le Van Chidu - thanh vidn trong doan du hgc nay, vdi mdt dong chii nguech ngoac "Ludn luon tich cue" vidt bang biit chi, da eho thay quyet tam vucm len de ximg dang vdi long tin eiia Dang va Hd Chu tich. Nhiing thanh vien ttong doan di nam ay deu cd chung suy nghT "ludn ludn tich cue": tieh cue hgc tap chuyen mdn, ren luyen dao diic, tich cue vdi ddng nghiep, ddng chi... Va sau khi ttd ve nudc, ong Le Van Chieu cfing nhu 20 thanh vien cdn lai trong doan deu tra thanh nhung can bg tru cdt cua cac ITnh vuc cdng tac, cac nganh khoa hgc khac nhau [8;
tr.l6]. Cimg trong doan ay, cdu chuyen day cam dpng cua Thidu tudng Pham Nhu Vuu toat len dire tinh gian di, khiem tdn khi dng giai bay tSm su trong nhat ki:
"Hdt siic hpc tap, cd ging gin vang giii nggc, nhd vg con que hucmg thim thia, cd tidn khdng dam an tieu, giii mdi quan he qudc ta tdt dep" [8; tr.l8]. Qua ddng chu' tren nhiing trang giiy cu kT, thay dugc nhan each, tam hdn va y chi cua mpt thd he nha khoa hpc het long vi dit nudc.
Nhieu ngudi da qua in tugng vdi hinh anh mdt dng lao ngoai 90 tudi ngay ngay dimg chide gay dd vdt rac d hd Nam Ddng (Ha Ngi). Dd chinh la GS.TS Nguydn Thiic Tiing (Y hgc), nguoi timg chiia cho ca thuang bmh Phap nam 1949 khi hai bdn ddi dau ngoai mat ttan. Cau chuyen "Ngoai 90 ttidi vkn tu hpc" khien nhieu ngucri bi hip dan, cudn hiit bdi hinh anh mgt dng lao tdc bac gd lung ngdi dgc sach, boi suu tap sd ghi chep khi dgc sach bao cua dng trong hon nira thd ki (1955 - 2010), va bdi nhiing cudn vd tu hgc tidng Diic, tidng Anh. Qua dd, cd the hidu ring, nha khoa hgc nay dii da thanh danh, tham chi nghi huu nhung v§n khdng ngimg tich luy kidn thiic.
So 30 thang 6/2020 3
Bd suu tap tai Ueu cua GS.TS Nguyen \'an Chien - cay dai thu cua nganh Dia chat va nhiing cau chuyen xoay quanh su nghiep "lam dat da Ien tieng"' khien the he sau hieu dugc hanh phiie cua mgr nha khoa hpc dia chat nhu the nao. Ddi mat vai gian nan, hiem nguy la chuyen thudng, dieu ay chi khien ban linh ciia cac nha khoa hoc them dan day. Hg yeu tu do, yeu su phdng khoang... Vdi hg, hanh phiic la dugc cdng hien cho dat nudc, la tim ra dugc nhimg md khoang san moi: Dam me, khdng ngimg sang tao, dam nghT dam lam, tham chi hi sinh ca ban than, dd la bi quyet de thanh cong va la dac diem ndi bat Clia cac nha khoa hpc Viet Nam.
Hang tram can chuyen dugc gidi thieu trong hai bd sach Di sdn ki iec ciia nhd khoa hgc va Nliirng cdu chuyen hien vdt do TTDS phat hanh cbiia dung biet bao kinh nghiem ciia the he di tnrdc trong hpe tap, \Ticm len chiem lmh khoa hgc va phuc ™ cugc sdng. The he tre se tim xhay nhiing dieu bd ich de ap dung cho minh, tren con dudng tao dung gia tri rieng cho ban than va xa hdi. Mdt buc thu \iet ve tir chien trudng ciia GS Biii Phan Ky (Khoa hge quan su) giri cho cac con gai, trong dd timg ddng, tung chir the hien tinh >eu thuang con, trach nhiem cua ngudi cha va su mong dpi con trudng thanh. Dd edn la Idi khuyan, ldi ddng vien cac eon tren dudng ddi. Thu cd doan vikt: "Dam nghT tat ca, dam lam tat ca thi se cd tat ca! Trong cupc sdng, dimg simg bai mdt cai gi, dimg sg set mgt cai gi, dimg dau hang mpt cai gi... Hay biet quy trong thai gid, lam viec gi ciing phai say ma mdi cd chat luang. Bd phi thdi gid thi eude ddi rat dai ciing thanh ngin, tranh thu dugc thdi gian thi sdng ngan ciing thanh dii"[9:tr.l34].
Nhiing cau chuyen dugc ke lai hay minh chiing qua cae tai liau nhu sd ghi chep. sd nhat ki. ban thao bai \iat. thu tir, anh tu heu... deu khien ngudi phai suy ngam. Cau chuyen cam ddng ve nhiing nha khoa hgc the he trudc da roi nudc ngoai de ud \"e \'iet Nam theo tieng gpi ciia Chii tich Hd Chi Minh ciing da dugc "ke" lai. Hp tir bd cupc sdng nhung lua de ddng cam cdng khd vi muc tieu dpc lap Ur do cho dan tdc. Tieu bieu nhu trudng hpp GS Trin Hiiu Tudc (Y hpc) da quylt dinh vk nudc cudi nam 1946, khi dug hoan toan cd the tiap tuc sdng phong luu d Phap.
Nhiing ddng vidt ttong hdi ki dugc danh may ttan giay mdng, nhde muc ciia dng xuat phat tir su Iua chgn cua lucmg tam: "Va Dit nudc! Dd la mgt cai gi thieng lieng khdn ta, khd noi ra ldi, nhu khi trai tim dang ap u mot mdi tinh tran ngap bao la, can phai ha gipng, diu Idi ttong dem khuya ving! Ngudi ngoai co the khdng hiau den tam tinh ehan chira a>, tudng cd mim do gi day, ma phai bd ca tian tai, dia vi, ve, trong luc gian khd khd khan? Cd gi khac la vd da phuc ™!"[10; tr.58]. NTiiing cau chuyen nhu the phan anh idng yeu nuoc va nhan each cao dep, tri me. quydt tam dam nghi. dam lam, vugt khd eiia cac nha khoa hgc tu nguyen cdng hien cho su nghiep each mang
4 TAP CHi KHOA HOC GIAO DUC VIET NAM
cua dit nudc X'iet Nam. \'a chic chin, dieu p suat p ^^
tii thim sau trong tam hdn, \ i cpng ddng. dat nirw: ^_^^
cd sire lan tda manh me ddn nhung ngudi khac a?
Ia the he di sau. . . -L^
Mdt vi du khac la cudn sd cfai nhd bing Idng ban ra>
GS.TS Ngu> an Nggc Giao (Vat li). dog dung gji ^l^P bai giang thoi sinh \ien d Trudng Dai hgc Tdng hop Ndi tu gin nira thd ki uudc. trong dd cd nhitog ^ SJ^=
cua GS Hoang Tu\. GS Ngu> In Hoang Phuong va nhieu dliy giao khac. Trong cudn sd. cd mdl uang ong ^ m bai ndi chuyen ciia GS Hoang Tuy nga>-12 thang 10 nam I960 \a chu de "Tudi ttd la mdi vang cua cac nha khoa hoc", vdi nhidu y tudng va Idi khu> en tam huyet cho cac ban U^ mdi budc vao con dudng khoa hoc. Nhiiiig ldi khuydn sau sic va chi tmh nay da dieo dng suot cupc dm
\-a dng giu mai nhiet huyat, phin dau khdng ngimg tten mgi cuong vj cdng tac. Cd rit nhiau cau chuyen nhu the.
qua dd ggi rad suy nghi. tac dgng den tu mdng, tmh cam va ttiai dp ciia nhiing ngudi dugc tiap can di san ciia cac nha khoa hpc \lei Nam.
Tdm Iai, ben canh \iec mang nhung GTS phd quat ciia nhan loai, di san cac nha khoa hgc Met Nam cd nhiing net dac thii. phan anh tra>en thdng dan tdc \a dau an ca nhan ciia mdi nha khoa hgc. Di sau khai thae khoi di san nav se thu dugc nhiing bai hpc him ich, tac ddng den nhan each, dao diic. suy nghT va loi sdng cua tha he tre, dac biet la HS, sinh %ien.
2.3. Cac hinh thu^c giao due gia trj song ttong qua di san nha khoa hoc Viet Nam
Vdi sir da dang, phong phii ve cac loai hinh di san cua nha khoa hgc. ttong 12 nam hoat dpng \iia qua. TTDS da td chirc gioi thieu. cdng bd cac kat qua nghien cuu nhu id chiic tnmg bay. xuat ban an pham. thuc hien cac bg phim, xay dung chuang trinh GD ngoai khoa cho HS...
nham kat ndi di san nha khoa hgc vdi cgna ddna xa hdi.
Trong do, dang chii y la 4 cugc tnmg bay theo nhiins chii de khac nhau ke tir nam 2014. Tnmg bay diu tien - "TChai vpng hgc hoi va sang tao" gidi thieu ba nha Y hpc ten mdi (GS. i'S Tdn Vidt Tiing (nguyen Gidm die Binh viin Hiru nghi Viet - Due). GS TS Dgi td Nguyin Thiic Tim^
(nguyen Viin phd Vien Qudn y 108K GS.TSKH. Dai rd Nginen Vdn Nhdn (ngip-en lien pbd Men Qudn v 109) thdng qua nhiing btic anh tu Ueu, sd ghi chep, thu tir de ke cau chuyen hg da hgc tap va sang tao ttono ajgy kien day gian khd d Viet Nam giai doan 1950 -^1980 Tiep theo, nam 2017 to chiic tnmg bay "Thini sau tm o ttmg ki vaf\ gioi thieu ki vat cimg vdi cau chuyen cua 100 nha khoa hgc. giiip cdng chiing hieu biit v^ qua tri li hpc tap, su ddng gdp. hi sinh cho dat nudc, va ca tinh • gia dinh, que hucmg ciia cac nha khoa hgc [\\:\x jn-, Nam 2018. TTDS tham gia thuc hien trung bay T^- mai nhmicf dam m e " m d t n i d n t n m o hi^, yg pi , mai nhiing dam me", mdt cupc trung I
khoa hgc nii da sang tao va thanh cdng ttong khoa hpc.
Nam 2019, trung bay "Chuyen nghd dia ehit" mdi khai ttirong gin day, ke vk lao ddng khoa hgc cd nhidu gian khd, khd khan nhung diy dam md va tam huyet eua cae nha dia chit Viet Nam [12; tt.62].
Trong 3 nam diu md ciia Cdng vien Di san cac nha khoa hpc Viet Nam (hi nam 2016), vdi nhimg boat ddng phat huy di san nha khoa hpc, ttong hon 150.000 lugt khach thara quan da ed khoang 40% la HS phd thdng.
Thdng qua boat dpng tnmg bay, di san ciia cac nha khoa hpc dem lai nhiing suy nghT va cam xiie tieh cue cho ngudi xem. Hg khdng nhirng dugc tiep can thong tin ve cac nha khoa hpc, hieu biet ve lich sir cac nganh khoa hpe..., ma cdn thu nhan nhiing gia tti cao dep tir di san cac nha khoa hpc de lai. Nhieu vi khaeh khi den day thara trung bay cua TTDS da khang dinh di san nha khoa hgc la mgt kho bau vk diic do - tri tue, ma khdng phai dan tpe nao tten the gidi nay ciing cd dugc.
Trong sd luu bitt ciia TTDS, mgt vi khach da bay td cam nhan eua minh: "Timg la thu, timg hien vat, dac biet la cac tai lieu nghien cuu khoa hpc cua cae thay, nhu mpt mdt minh chiing cho mgt thdi ki lieh sir dSy kho khan nhung hao himg ciia mdt dan tdc cd truyen thdng hieu hgc, yeu nude, thuong dan. Kho bau ve tti thiic ma cac the he cac thay de lai mai mai la ngudn tti tue vd gia ma the he con chau nhieu dai sau dugc hudng nhd". Hay nhu mdt tam su khac cua chi Doan Thi Thu Hong (38 tudi, d Cao Phong, Hda Binh): "Nhiing ki lie ve ragt tudi dio khdn khd ciia thdi bao cip nhu ua vk ttong tdi. Tdi thiy dau dd la hinh anh cua dng toi ttong chiec mu tai beo, hinh anh cua me tdi tay cim tern phieu mua do cho hai chi em. Tdi va eon gai se cdn quay lai day, va toi se chinh la ngudi hudng dan rieng cho con ttong ddng lich sir nay".
Nhidu bac phu huynh dua con chau den xem trung bay ciia TTDS dl dinh hudng li tudng sdng cho con. Nhu gia dinh anh Nguydn Van Minh - mgt luong y d thanh phd Hda Binh va la hgc trd cu ciia GS Nguyen Tai Thu (Y hgc) - da dua con trai den tham quan de dugc nghe nhiing cau ehuyen ve cae nha khoa hgc, dae biet la ve chide may didn eham cua GS Nguyin Tai Thu vdi mong mudn con ttai "Phai sdng tdt vai ban than minh, vdi xa hgi".
De tidp tuc md rgng dua di san nha khoa hgc din vdi ddng dao edng chiing, dae biet la the he tte, TTDS can nghien cim de td chiic cac boat dgng GD bang nhieu hinh thiic khae nhau. Chuong trinh GD phd thdng mdi do Bd GD&DT ban hanh theo Thdng tu 32/2018/TT-BGD-DT vdi viec tap trung hinh thanh cac nang luc, pham chit cho HS dap ling yeu ciu ciia edng dan toan eiu, ddng thai dua boat ddng ttai nghiem va hoat ddng ttai nghidm, hudng nghidp la boat dgng GD bat huge 6 tit ca cac cip hgc la mpt ttong nhirng ca hdi thuan Igi dl phat ttidn
boat ddng nay. Tir thuc tien boat ddng cua TTDS, cd thd din ra mdt s6 hoat dgng nham GD cac GTS cho HS cac cip nhu sau:
- Tham guan hoc tap kit hg'p khdm phd, trdi nghiim:
Thdng qua viec nhin ngim nhung ki vat, theo doi eau chuyen dang sau moi ki vat ay se giiip eho ngudi xem cd them hieu biet va duge chiem nghiem nhiing bai hgc kinh nghiem cua cac nha khoa hgc. Dac biet, khi tham quan tnmg bay, giao vien cd the ket hgp eimg ngudi phu trach di san de td chiie phieu kham pha va cae boat ddng ttai nghiem cho HS. Hoat ddng nay khdng chi giup cac em hilu sfiu sic ndi dung, gia tri tir cac di san, ma cdn khoi day tinh td md, nang ddng, dam me kham pha cua HS va khien ehuong trinh GD nhe nhang, mang tinh chat vira hpc, vira choi
- Ke chuyin niu guong: Vdi lira tuoi HS, nhiing cau chuyen trong eudc ddi eua nha khoa hge se la dieu thii vi vdi cac em. Chang han, chuyen tir phat hidn nhiing con giun dua chui vao dng mat den nghien ciiu tim ra phuong phap cit gan moi ciia GS Tdn Thit Timg, chuyen lam sao ma mdt nha khoa hgc khdng hge dai hpe ngay nao nhtmg vin ttd thanh GS ciia GS Van Tao... Nhiing tim guong nhu vay se truyen cam himg, lan tda dieu tdt dep den cac em HS.
- Tim hieu ve cdc ngdnh khoa hgc vd cdc nghi nghiip trong xd hgi: Do ttdp can da dang cac ITrih vue khoa hgc, tir khoa hgc tu nhien, khoa hgc xa hpi den khoa hgc ki thuat va cdng nghe, lai cd moi tardng thien nhien rgng tten 34ha, TTDS va CVDS cd thi td chiic cac boat dgng ttai nghiem, thuc dia eho HS kham pha kien there ciia timg mon khoa hgc nay. Ddng thdi, ed the giiip HS tidp c|n vdi khai niem va y nghTa tumg nganh nghe ciing nhu con dudng hgc tap de ttd thanh ngudi hoat dgng ttong ITnh vuc dd.
- Sam vai nhd khoa hgc: Day la miic dp cao hon cua viee dinh hudng nghd nghiep. Giao vien hoae ban td chiic chuang trinh ngoai khda cd the to ehirc cac boat ddng de HS dam minh vao vi tri ciia nha khoa hgc ttong nhiing bdi canh va mdi tnrdng lam viec cu thd. Tir dd se khich le cac em tap hinh thanh suy nghT, nhan dinh va hanh ddng nhu nhung nha khoa hgc thue thu. Cd thd xay dung chudi cac boat ddng theo chu de "Em tap lam nha khoa hgc", vi du nhu em la nha sinh hpc, nha dia chat, nha toan hpc .. Dieu ay se lien quan tieh cue ddn dinh hudng lira ehgn nghe nghiep sau nay cho HS.
- Giao lim gap go, noi chuyin vdi nhd khoa hgc: Nha khoa hge true tilp chia se kinh nghiem, cau chuyen cugc ddi minh la each tot cho HS de tiep can v6i cac gia tti.
Thuc te, TTDS da td chuc cugc giao luu cua GS Vu Duong Ninh (Sir hgc) vdi HS ldp 10 Trudng THPT Chu Van An; GS Trin VTnh Dieu (Hda hgc), GS Phong Le (Van hpc) vdi HS d tinh Hda Binh...Nhiing budi giao luu dd nhan dugc phan hdi tich cue tir ca HS, giao vien va phu huynh HS.
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Bd suu tap tai heu cua GS.TS Nguyen Van Chidn - cay dai thu cua nganh Dia chat va nhiing cau chuyen xoay quanh su nghiep "lam dat da ten tieng" khien the he sau hieu dugc hanh phuc ciia mgt riha khoa hpc dia chat nhu the nao. Ddi mat vdi gian nan, hiam nguy la chuyen thudng, dieu ay chi khien ban ITnh ciia cac nha khoa hgc tham dan day. Hg yeu tu do, yeu sir phdng khoang... Vdi hg, hanh phiic la dupe cdng hien cho dat nudc, la tim ra duoe nhiing md khoang san mdi; Dam me, khdng ngimg sang tao, dam nghT dam lam, tham chi hi sinli ca ban than, dd la bi quydt de thanh cdng va la dae diem ndi bat cua cac nha khoa hgc Viet Nam.
Hang ttam cau chuyen duge gidi thieu ttong hai bp saeh Di sdn ki ire ciia nhd khoa hge va Nhieng edu chuyin hiin vdt do TTDS phat hanh ehiia dung bidt bao kinh nghiem ciia the he di tnrdc trong hpc tap, vuon len chiam ITnh khoa hpc va phuc vu cupc sdng. The he tte se tim thay nhung dieu bd ieh da ap dung cho minh, tten con dudng tao dung gia tri rieng eho ban than va xa hpi. Mpt biic thu viet ve tir chian trudng ciia GS Biii Phan Ky (Khoa hpc quan su) giri cho eae con gai, trong dd timg ddng, timg chil' the hien tinh yeu thucmg con, ttach nhiem cua ngudi cha va su mong dpi eon trudng thanh. Dd cdn la Idi khuydn, Idi ddng vien cac con ttdn dudng ddi. Thu cd doan vilt: "Dam nghT tat ca, dam lam tat ca thi se ed tat ca! Trong cugc sdng, dimg simg bai mdt cai gi, dimg sg set mdt cai gi, dimg dau hang mdt cai gi... Hay biet quy ttgng thdi gia, lam viec gi ciing phai say me mdi cd chat lugng. Bd phi thdi gid thi cugc ddi rat dai cung thanh ngin, ttanh thu dugc thdi gian thi sdng ngan ciing thanh dai"[9;ttl34].
Nhiing cau chuyen dugc kl lai hay minh chirng qua cac tai lieu nhu sd ghi chep, sd nhat ki, ban thao bai vidt, thu tir, anh tu lieu... dlu khiln ngudi phai suy ngim. Cau chuyen cam ddng ve nhung nha khoa hpc the he tnrdc da rdi nudc ngoai dl trd ve Viet Nam theo tieng gpi cua Chii tich H6 Chi Minh cung da dugc "kl" lai. Hg tir bd cude sdng nhung lua dl ddng cam cdng khd vi muc heu dpc lap ttr do cho dan tpe. Tiau bilu nhu trudng hop GS Tran Hiiu Tudc (Y hgc) da quyet dinh vl nudc cuoi nam 1946, khi dng hoan toan ed thi tilp tuc sdng phong luu d Phap.
Nhung ddng vilt trong hdi kl dugc danh may tten giay mdng, nhde muc eiia ong xuit phat tir su lua ehgn eiia luong tam: "Vl Dit nudc! Dd la mdt cai gi thieng lieng khdn ta, khd ndi ra ldi, nhu khi ttai tim dang ip u mdt mdi tinh ttan ngap bao la, can phai ha gigng, diu ldi ttoiig dem khuya ving! Ngudi ngoai cd thikhong hieu den tam tinh ehan chira iy, ttrdng cd muu dd gi day, ma phai bd ea tiln tai, dia vi, vl, ttong liic gian khd khd khan? Cd gi khae la vl dl phuc vu!" [10; tt.58]. Nhung cau ehuyen nhu the phan anh Idng ydu nudc va nhan each cao dep, tti ttie, quylt tam dam nghT, dam lam, vugt khd ciia cac nha khoa hpc tu nguyen cdng hiln cho su nghiep each mang
cua dit nudc Viet Nam. Va chac ehan, dieu gi ^_^ ^^, ^^
tir thim sau ttong tam hdn, vi cdng ddng, dat niro^^ ^^^^
ed siic lan tda manh me din nhiing ngudi khac, . la the he di sau. , _ h'ntavcua
Mdt vi du khac la cudn s6 chi nhd bang idng "a ^ GS.TS Nguygn Ngpe Giao (Vat li), dug dung g ^ ^ bai giang thdi sinh vidn d Tnrdng Dai hgc Tong F Ndi til gin nira thi ki ttudc, ttong do cd nhung Da g _^B cua GS Hoang Tuy, GS Nguyin Hoang Phuong va ^^_
thiy giao khae. Trong cudn sd, cd mpt ttang ong g _ bai ndi ehuyen eua GS Hoang Tuy ngay 12 th^"g ^^ ^ ^ 1960 vl chu dl "Tudi tte la ttidi vang cua cac nha knoa hoc", vdi nhilu y tudng va loi khuyen tam huyet cho cac ban tte mdi budc vao con dudng khoa hpc. Nhung loi khuyen sau sie va chi tinh nay da theo dng suot cupc dm va ong giu mai nhiet huylt, phin dau khong ngung tren moi cuong vi cdng tac. Cd rit nhieu cau chuyen nhu the, qua do ggi md suy nghT, tac ddng den tu tudng, tinh cam va thai dp cua nhiing ngudi dugc hep can di san ciia cac nha khoa hpc Viet Nam. ^
Tom lai, ben canh viee mang nhirng GTS phd quat cua ||||||||||||
nhan loai, di san cac nha khoa hoc Viet Nam cd nhinig | | net dae thu, phan anh ttuyin thong dan tdc va dau an ca nhan cua mdi nha khoa hpc. Di sau khai thae khdi di san nay se thu dugc nhimg bai hoc hiiu ich, tac dgng den I I nhan each, dao dire, suy nghT va ldi song cua the he tte, dae biet la HS, sinh vien.
2.3. Cac hinh thiic giao due gia trj song thong qua di san nha khoa hoc Viet Nam
Vdi su da dang, phong phu ve cac loai hinh di san cua nha khoa hpc, Uong 12 nam hoat ddng viia qua, TTDS da td chlie gidi thieu, cdng bd cac ket qua nghien ciiu nhu td chlie trung bay, xuat ban an pham, thuc hien cac bd phim, xay dung chuang trinh GD ngoai khda cho HS...
nham ket ndi di san nha khoa hpe vai cdng ddng xa hgi.
Trong dd, dang chii y la 4 eudc trung bay theo nhirag chu dl khac nhau kl tir nam 2014. Tnmg bay diu tien - "Khat vpng hpe hdi va sang tao" gidi thieu ba nha Y hpc tdn tudi (GS. VS Ton Thdt Timg (nguyen Gidm ddc Benh viin Hihi nghi Viet - Dire), GS.TS Dai td Nguyin Thuc Timg (nguyen Viin phd Viin Qudn y 108). GS.TSKH. Dgi td Nguyin Vdn Nhdn (nguyen Vien phd Viin Qudn y 109) thdng qua nhiing hue anh tu lieu, sd ghi chep, thu tii...
de ke cau chuyen hg da hgc tap va sang tao trong dilu kien day gian khd d Viet Nam giai doan 1950 - 1980 Tiep theo, nam 2017 td chirc trung bay "Thim sau ttong timg ki vat", gioi thieu ki vat cimg vdi cau chuyen ciia 100 nha khoa hgc, giiip cdng chiing hieu biet vl qua ttixih hgc tap, su ddng gdp, hi sinh cho dat nudc, va ca tinh veu gia dinh, que huang ciia cac nha khoa hgc [U;tr.20-2ll Nam 2018, TTDS tham gia thuc hien tnmg bay "Chay mai nhiing dam md", mdt cupc trung bay vg cac nha
khoa hgc nti da sang tao va thanh cdng ttong khoa hgc.
Nam 2019, tnmg bay "Chuyen nghi dia chat" mdi khai truong gin day, kl vl lao ddng khoa hgc cd nhieu gian khd, khd khan nhung diy dam me va tam huyet ciia cac nha dia chit Viet Nam [12; tt.62].
Trong 3 nam diu md cira Cdng vien Di san cac nha khoa hgc Viet Nam (tir nam 2016), vdi nhiing boat dgng phat huy di san nha khoa hgc, ttong han 150.000 lugt khach tham quan da cd khoang 40% la HS phd thdng.
Thdng qua boat dgng ttung bay, di san cua cac nha khoa hgc dem lai nhimg suy nghT va cam xue tich cue cho ngudi xera. Hp khdng nhimg dugc tiep can thdng tin ve cac nha khoa hgc, hilu bilt ve Uch sii cac nganh khoa hgc..., ma cdn thu nhan nhiing gia tri cao dep tir di san cac nha khoa hgc dl lai. Nhieu vi khach khi den day tham trung bay cua TTDS da khang dinh di san nha khoa hpe la mdt kho bau vl diic do - tti tue, ma khdng phai dan tpe nao tten the gidi nay ciing cd dugc.
Trong sd Itm biit ciia TTDS, mgt vi khach da bay td cam nhan eiia minh: "Timg la thu, timg hien vat, dac biet la cac tai lieu nghidn ciiu khoa hgc cua cac thay, nhu mot mpt mmh chiing cho mgt thdi ki lich su day khd khan nhung hao himg cua mgt dan tgc cd truyen thdng hidu hoc, yeu nudc, thuang dan. Kho bau ve tri thiic ma cac the he cac thay de lai mai mai la ngudn tri tue vd gia ma the he con chau nhieu ddi sau dugc hudng nhd". Hay nhu mgt tam su khac cua chi Doan Thi Thu Hdng (38 tudi, d Cao Phong, Hda Binh): "Nhiing ki lie ve mgt tudi tho khon khd ciia thdi bao cap nhu ua ve ttong tdi. Tdi thay dau dd la hinh anh cila dng tdi trong chiee mu tai beo, hinh anh cua me tdi tay cam tem phieu mua do cho hai chi em. Tdi va con gai se cdn quay lai day, va tdi se chinh la ngudi hudng din ridng eho con trong ddng lich Sli nay".
Nhidu bac phu huynh dua con chau den xem trung bay cua TTDS dl dinh hudng li tu'dng song eho eon. Nhu gia dinh anh Nguyen Van Minh - mdt luong y d thanh phd Hda Binh va la hgc trd cii cua GS Nguyen Tai Thu (Y hpc) - da dua con ttai den tham quan de duge nghe nhirng eau chuyen ve cac nha khoa hgc, dac biet la ve chiec may dien eham ciia GS Nguyin Tai Thu vdi mong mudn con ttai "Phai sdng tdt vdi ban than minh, vdi xa hgi".
De tiep tuc md rgng dua di san nha khoa hgc din vdi ddng dao cong chiing, dac biet la thi he tre, TTDS ein nghien ciiu de td ehiic cac hoat dgng GD bing nhieu hinh thiic khac nhau. Chucmg trinh GD phd thdng mdi do Bg GD&DT ban hanh theo Thdng tu 32/2018/TT-BGD-DT vdi viec tap trung hinh^ thanh cac nang lue, phim chit cho HS dap ling yeu ciu cua cdng dan toan ciu, dong thdi dua boat dgng ttai nghiem va hoat ddng ttai nghiem, hudng nghiep la boat dgng GD bit bugc a tit ca cac eip hpc la mgt ttong nhiing ca hgi thuan lgi de phat triln
boat ddng nay. Tir thue tien hoat ddng eiia TTDS, ed the dan ra mgt so hoat dgng nham GD cac GTS cho HS cac cap nhu sau;
- Tham quan hgc tap ket hap khdm phd, trdi nghiim:
Thdng qua vide nhln ngam nhiing kl vat, theo ddi eau chuyen dang sau mdi ki vat ay se giiip cho ngudi xem CO thdm hieu bidt va dugc chiem nghiem nhiing bai hpc kinh nghiem ciia cac nha khoa hge. Dac biet, khi tham quan trung bay, giao vien ed the ket hgp eiing ngudi phu ttach di san dd td chuc phieu kham pha va cac hoat dpng trai nghiem eho HS. Hoat ddng nay khong chi giiip cae em hieu sau sac ndi dung, gia tri tir cac di san, ma cdn khoi day tinh td md, nang dgng, dam me kham pha cua HS va khien chuong ttinh GD nhe nhang, mang tinh chat vira hpc, vira choi.
- Ki chuyin niu guang: Vai liia tudi HS, nhirng cau chuyen trong eude ddi eua nha khoa hpc se la didu thii vi vdi cac em. Chang ban, chuyen tir phat hien nhiing con giun dua ehui vao ong mat den nghian ciiu tim ra phuong phap cat gan mdi eua GS Tdn That Tiing, chuyen lam sao ma mdt nha khoa hgc khdng hge dai hpc ngay nao nhung vin ttd thanh GS ciia GS Van Tao... Nhiing tam guong nhu vay se truydn cam himg, lan tda dieu tot dep ddn cac em HS.
- Tim hieu vi cdc ngdnh khoa hgc vd cdc nghi nghiep trong xd hdi: Do tiep can da dang eae ITnh vuc khoa hpe, tli khoa hpc tu nhien, khoa hpe xa hdi din khoa hpe ki thuat va cong nghe, lai cd mdi trudng thidn nhien rdng tren 34ha, TTDS va CVDS cd thi td chiie cac boat ddng trai nghiem, thuc dia cho HS kham pha kidn thiic cua timg mdn khoa hgc nay. Ddng thdi, ed the giiip HS tilp can vdi khai niem va y nghTa timg nganh nghe ciing nhu con duong hgc tap dl ttd thanh ngudi hoat dgng ttong ITnh vue dd.
- Sdm vai nhd khoa hgc: Day la mirc do eao hon cua viec dinh hudng nghe nghiep. Giao vidn hoae ban td chiic chuang trinh ngoai khda cd the td chiic cac hoat ddng dl HS dim minh vao vi tti cua nha khoa hgc trong nliirng bdi canh va mdi trudng lam viec cu the. Tir do se khich le cac em tap hinh thanli suy nghT, nhan dinh va hanh ddng nhu nhiing nha khoa hpc thuc thu. Cd the xay dung chudi cac hoat ddng theo chu de "Em tap lam nha khoa hge", vi du nhu em la nha sinh hge, nha dja chat, nha toan hgc... Dieu ay se lien quan tich cue den dinh hudng lua chgn nghd nghiep sau nay cho HS.
- Giao luu gap go, ndi chuyen v&i nhd khoa hoc: Nha khoa hpc true tilp ehia se kinh nghiem, cau chuyen cugc ddi minh la each tdt cho HS de tidp cSn vdi cae gia tri.
Thirc tl, TTDS da td chiic eudc giao luu ciia GS Vu Duong Ninh (Sir hgc) vdi HS ldp 10 Trudng THPT Chu Van An; GS Trin VTnh Dieu (Hda hgc), GS Phong La (Van hpc) vdi HS d tinh Hda Binh...Nhimg budi giao luu dd nhan dugc phan hdi tich cue tir ca HS, giao vien va phu huynh HS.
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3. Ket luan
Trung tam Di san cac nha khoa hgc Viet Nam hien la don vi luu trir ldn khdi di san vat the va phi vat the cua cae nha khoa hgc Viet Nam. Qua thuc tiln da chiing minh, di san dd cd y nghTa ttdn nhieu khia canh: nghien cuu lich su van hda, xa hpi, lich sir khoa hgc, lich sii GD va dac biat la ed the khai thae de phuc vu cac chuang trinh GD cho the he tte.Tir kinh nghiem boat dgng cua Trung tam Di san eae nha khoa hgc Viet Nam, can tiep tuc phat ttian cac hinh thiic GD liham dua ra nhiing bien phap khai thae loai hinh di san nay mdt each khoa hgc, hieu qua, phii hgp xu the ttong va ngoai nudc. Cd the
thilt kl, ldng ghep ndi dung, can chuyen dugc '^^^ . tix di san cua nha khoa hgc Viet Nam vao chucmg trinh hpc tap cua HS (cd the la ndi khda hoae ngoai khda, tuy dae dilm, ehuong trinh giang day ciia timg tniong) _ ^ cip 6 bac phd thdng dl quang ba rpng rai han niia gia ^ di san nay ttong xa hdi. Nhirng boat ddng tiep theo c Trung tam Di san cac nha khoa hgc Viet Nam rat_can sv quan tam, ehung tay cua cac nha hoach dinh chien ^.
GD, nhirng nha tam li GD, dl dua thanh_ chucmg ttmh GD GTS tir di san nha khoa hgc dugc pho quat va co y nghTa thuc tidn cao.
T^i lieu tham bh&o
[1] NguyinVanHuy,TrSnBichHanh,{2018), TrungtdmDi sdn cdc nhd khoa hoc Viet Nam, 10 ndm hinh thdnh vd phdt trien. Tap chi Thi gioi Di san, s6 8
[2] Nguyen Thanh Hoa, (2019), Vai Iro cua di sdn ki uc doi v&i viec nghien ciru lich sir, tir kinh nghiim ciia Trung tdm Dl sdn cdc nhd khoa hoc Vi$t Nam, Hpi thao Khoa hgc Quoc te "Hoi uc, ki iic va tai lieu luu trit ve Viet Nam - Gid tri nhan van nhin tii nhieu phia", Truong D^i hoc Khoa hoc xa hoi va Nhan van - Dai hoc Quoc gia Ha Noi.
[3] Nguyin Van Huy, Bui Minh Hao, Nguyen Thanh Hoa, (2012), Di sdn nhd khoa hoc vd vdn de lieu trUve ljeh su- cupc d&i cde nhd khoa hqc Viet Nam, Ki yeu H^i thao Quic t l " T 6 chiic va phat huy gia trj tai li^u luu tr& nhan dan", ffi N6i.
[4] Nguyin Thi Hien, Nguyin Thanh Hoa, (2018), Vi sao can suu tam khdn cdp di sdn cita cdc nhd khoa hoc? Tap chi The gi6i Di san, s6 8.
[5] Nguyin Thi Hgp, (2018), Mo hinh gido due di sdn nhd khoa hpe, Bao Gido due va Thcri dai, s6 Chu nhat, 52 (ngay 30 thang 12 nam 2018).
Nguyen Thi My Loc, Dinh Thj Kim Thoa, Dang Hoang Minh, (2010), Gido due gid Iri song vd kT ndng song cho hoc sinh trung hpc ca so - Tdi Tm dung cho gido vien frawg Ape Cff 5*7, NXB Dai hpc Quic gia Ha Noi.
Hoang Tuy, (2019), Xin duoc noi thang, NXB The gioi.
Ha Ngi.
Tnmg tam Di san cac nha khoa hoc Viet Nam, (2012), Di sdn ki uc cua nhd khoa hgc. Tap 2, NXB Tri thitc. Ha Ngi.
Tnmg tam Di san cac nha khoa hgc Viet Nam, (2018), Nhirng cdu chuyen Men vdl. Tap 4, NXB Thi gioi. Ha Ngi.
[10] Pham Manh Hung (Chu bien), (2013), Trdn Huu Tudc - Cuoc d&i vd su nghiep, NXB Y hoc, Ha Noi.
[) 1] Hoang Thi Lifim, (2018), Hu&ng t&i Bdo tdng vi cdc nhd khoa hoc Viet Nam, Tap chi The gioi Di san, so 8.
[12] Tiin Bich Hanh, (2019), Gid tri gido due qua di sdn ki ire vd tdi lieu ciia cdc nhd khoa hpc FielNam, H6i thao Khoa hgc Quoc te "Hoi iic, ki iic va tai lieu luu trii ve Viet Nam - Gia tri nh§n van nhin hi nhi^u phia", Tntcmg Dai hgc Khoa hgc xa hgi va Nhan van - Dai hgc Qu6c gia Ha Noi.
EDUCATING LIVING VALUES FOR YOUNG PEOPLE THROUGH THE HERITAGES OF VIETNAMESE SCIENTISTS
Tran Bich Hanh
Heritage Centre (or Scientists and Sctiolars of Vietnam 561 Lac Long Quan, Xjan La, Tay Ho, Hanoi, Vietnam
Email tranbichlianh@heritist com
ABSTRACT: In the field of value education for young people, one of the most effective methods is learning from real people on real tasks. The heritages of Vietnamese scientists (including stories, documents, and objects made in the process of studying and researching) have an important potential to educate the young people. This article not only analyzes the living values In the heritages of Vietnamese scientists through the activities of Heritage Center for Vietnamese scientists, but also proposes some pedagogical activities in order to design, incorporating the stories and contents of the Vietnamese scientists' heritages in the teaching program at schools to further promote the value of these heritages in our society
KEYWORDS: Education of living values; heritages of scientists; education for heritage.
TAP CHi KHOA HQC GIAO DUC VIET NAM
