TfcAf Urn
GlAl PHAP BAO T O N
PHAT HUY 01 SAN VAN HOA OAN TOC
i'^air BUI BACH DANG - HOANG VAN VAN
T
rong mft nln vin hda, neu di sin bi xda bd thi ndn vin hda iy se mat bin sic, ty dinh mit minh. Ban sic vin hda dugc khing dinh, gdp phin tgo nen ting tinh thin xi hdi phfl hgp vdi dgc diem ciia mli din tfe.Trong qui trinh dli mdi, chflng ta ludn quan tim din bio tin, phit huy gii tri di sin van hda din tgc. Tuy nhidn, qui
trinh bio tin, phit buy cic di sin vin hda cdn bde If nhung hgn che.
Vifc the chd hda cic van ban quan ly, ca che chinh sach ttong ITnh vyc bio tin, phit huy gii tri di sin vin hda cdn nhieu bit cap; giii quydt giua bio tdn vdi khai thic, phit huy di sin vin hda cdn ban chl, ngng vd bio tdn, phyc cl, coi nhg vife phit huy gia tti cfla di
sin vin hda. Tinh ttgng di tich bi vi phgm, c l vit bi mit cip van didn ra. Mft sd dy i n kmh td edn cd hidn tagng xim lin di tieh Uch sfl, vin hda. Hogt dgng bao tin, nhit l i bio tin cie gii tri vin hda phi vit thi, vifc tdn tgo, triing ta cic di tich lich sfl, vin hda d mpt sd noi thyc hifn ehua kip thdi, thieu nghidm tdc. Cdng tic quin 1^ di sin chua thing nhit. Dgi ngu cin bf ehuydn mdn nghifp vy, nhinghien cflu khoa hgc d mdt sd co quan quin ly di sin cdn thilu vd sd lugng, ydu vl chit lugng. Nhan thuc, sy tham gia cfla cfng ding vio qui tiinh bio tdn.
Di I I I vie hoa la tai sia ciia tlii he tpifije tFayan lai cho thtf h i sao thoo huong tich liiy tPong moi tpuong vln hda. Sv tich IDy, kinh nghiom hoat Mng cila nhl6u thii hd fla gAp irtiin tao ra vs phong phii, ch A hrang, mang gia tri nhdn vdn cao cd. Di sdn vdn hdd chiia flung vdn kinh nghidm, tri thiic sdng cda con ngudi, hoi tu nhiino yiu t i phdm chit tdt ddp, cd bd ddy vo thdi gian, phong phi vd loai hlnh. Ddy id hd phdn quan trpng taa ndn mdl tradng vdn hda cua cdc cing ddng, yta td ca ban tao ndn truydn thing vdn hda, co sd cho su sdng tao cdi mdi.
phit huy gii tri di sin chua thyc sy ding ddu, viing chic. Co sd vit chit, phuong tifn phyc vg hogt dfng bio tin, phit huy gii tri tti sin vin hda eho ding bio vflng siu, vflng xa, vflng bidn gidi cdn thilu thin.
D I gdp phin ning eao cdng tic bio tin, phit huy cic di sin vin hda dan tgc, can thyc hifn tdt
cic giii phap sau:
Thuang xuyen qudn triet, thuc hifn eo hifu qud du&ng ldi eua Ddng vi bdo tdn, phdt huy cdc di sdn vdn hda ddn t^c.
Ting cudng hpp tic giua cic cip, cic nginh d trung uong, dia phuang, trade hit li giuB nginh du Hch vdi Cyc bao tin di sin vin hda dl tgo ra sy phit tridn du lich thyc sy bin vftng. Ling ghdp tdt gi|ra chuong trinh mgc tieu quoc gia ve ching xudng eip, tdn tgo di tich, bio tin di sin vin hda phi vgt tbl vdi ehuong trinh quIe gia ve du Uch, mdi tradng, giio dye, quy hogch phit tridn kinh t l xa hfi tai cic khu vyc cd di sin thd gidi.
Trong ITnh vyc dio tgo nguIn nhin lyc, song song vdi qui ttinh dio tao cic cin bf ehuydn mdn, cin cd k l hogch tip huin vl chuyen mdn, thii df flng xfl dli vdi di sin, vdi khieh tham quan cho cin bd, nhin din cic dia phuang cd di sin thd gidi, cic doi tagng tham gia khai thic du lich tai cic di sin tbl gidi.
I
So 385 Thang 7-2016 , o -khdng chi ein bd du Uch m i ca dli vdi nhung ngudi bin hang, dan dia phuang, hudng din du Uch ty do..., dd thyc sy tao ra nhiing hogt dgng du Uch bdn vftng tgi cic khu di sin the gidi.
Tip trung diu ta ed ttgng dilm cho vifc bio quin, ta bd, phyc bli nhiing didm di tich v^t thd, nghidn cflu, lip hd so, ta lifu, phyc bli eie di sin van hda phi vit thd quan ttgng tgi cic khu di sin the gidi. Diu ta chieu siu cho vifc duy tri mft sd nginh nghe thfl cdng, le hdi, nghf thuit trinh didn tidu bieu dfc dio tai cic khu di sin. Phdi hpp chit chd gifta cic nganh, cac CO quan dia phuong, dim bio cho mdi tradng di sin the gidi (mdi trudng thidn ittiien, mdi tmdng xa hgi), tgo sy dn dinh, bdn viing cho di sin van hda.
Tiip tuc ndng cao nhgn thue, trdeh nhiem cua cdc cdp uy ddng, chinh quyin, ede ea quan liin quan trong vifc th\rc hiin nhiim vu bdo tdn, phdt huy cdc di sdn vdn hda.
Tang cudng edng tic giao dye, taydn trayin nang cao nhgn thuc cua chinh quyln, doan the cae eip, toin thi nhan dan v l vai ttd cfla di sin vin hda. Chu frpng cdng tic quan ly nha nude vd bio tdn, phat buy di sin vin hda, die biet frong vifc thing ke, lip hd so cic di sin van hda; khuyln khieh tgo didu kien cho td ehflc, ca nhin nghidn cflu, bao quin, trayin dgy, gidi thifu di sin van hda phi vit thi; ap dung cic bidn phip cin thilt eua chinh quyen eie eip dd bio vf cic gii tri vin hda truyen thdng dac sic, ngin chin nguy co lim mai mft, sai lfch hoic thit tmydn. Cd chinh sach tgo dilu kidn bio vf, phit triln tieng ndi, ahfl vilt cfla eie dan tpc.
Khuyln khich suu tim, bidn sogn, dich thuit, tiling kd, phin logi, luu gifl cic tic phim vin hpc nghf thuit, khoa hpc, ngft van tmyln mifng, diln xudng din gian... Khuydn khich vifc duy tti nhflng phong tyc tap quin linh manh cfla cac dan tfe; phyc hdi, phit tiiln cic nghl thfl cdng tmyln thing cd gia tri tidu bilu;
nghidn cflu, flng dyng cic tri thflc vd y, dugc hpc c l tmyln; khdi phuc, ning eao cie Id hdi truyin thing, bii tiii hfl tuc cd hgi ddn ddi sing vin boa cda rttian dan; ching cic bilu hifn tidu cue thuong mai hda trong t l ehflc cic boat
TW LIEU
dpng l l hfi; duy tti, phit huy cic gii tii vin hda i m thyc, ttang phuc tmyln thing din tfe, eac tri thflc din gian khic.
Xa hdi hda viec bdo ton, phdt huy cdc gid tri di sdn vdn hda, tranh thii su giup da. hd tr<? ciia cdc td ehue qudc ti, ede nuac trong khu vuc, tren thi gi&i.
Bao tdn, phit huy cie gii tii di sin vin hda ein phii gin lidn vdi nghidn cflu, ban hinh cic vin bin quy pham phip luit phfl hgp; ning cao triitti dd ddi ngu quin \^, ehuydn mdn d cic eip.
Cic CO quan chfle ning vin hda phii gift vai ttd quin ly, hudng din theo ddng dinh hudng, chfl truong cfla Bang, Nhi nude. Cic t l chfle, ca nhin dugc tham gia hogt dpng van hda nghf thuit, nhung phii tain thfl cac quy dinh phip luit cd lidn quan. Triln khai, thyc hidn hieu qua x i hpi hda ttong bio tin, phit huy cic gii tri di sin vin hda, tayen traydn, phi bidn phip lu^t v l di sin van hda de mgi ting Idp nhin dan hidu vl quyln, nghTa vy cua minh. Thudng xuydn hudng dan, td chfle kiem tta, giam sit vifc thyc hifn phip luit vd di sin vin hda, chi dao dau ttanb ngan chin vi phgm; tham muu xiy dyng CO che, chinh sich thflc diy cdng tie xa hgi hda hoat dfng bao tin di sin; khuyln khich cic c i nhan, t l chfle doanh nghifp ddng gdp kinh phi dd ta bd di tich, hidn tang luf n vit cho bio tang nhi nude, t l chfle cie hogt dfng tmydn day di sin vin hda phi vat tbl. Dd thyc hifn nhflng didu ndu ttdn, ddi hdi phii cd sy uu dii dau ta, hd ttp, giim hoic midn thul cho cac hoat ddng dupc thyc hifn ta eae ngudn kinh phi ngoii ngan sach nha nudc theo quy dinh cda phip luit vd thud. Xiy dyng, ban hinh chinh sach quin ly, sd dyng cie nguIn tai chinh xa hdi hda: tidn cdng dflc, tiln ban ve, tiln tii trg, tidn kinh doanh dich vy..., cd chinh sich h i ttg, tdn vinh nhung nghe nhin cd nhidu ddng gdp. Khi gia nhip Lidn hgp qudc, chung ta nhgn dugc sy giup dd to ldn eua cic nudc ttong khu vyc, ttdn thi gidi v l vifc bio tin di sin van hda. Thdng qua cic chuang trinh hgp tic nghien cuu, giao luu gidi thifu cic bg suu tip hien vgt, nhilu t l ehflc quic tl d i h i ttg kinh phi eho boat dpng bio tin, tdn tao di tich.
S l 3 8 5 | Thang 7-20161
Gidi quyit co hifu qud mdi quan he giua bdo tdn, phdt huy cdc gid tri di sdn vdn hda.
D I cd nhung bifn phip hifu qui ttong bio tin, phit huy di sin vin hda, cin ein eu nhung quy dinh v l di sin cua UNESCO, hien chuong Lidn hpp qudc.
Vdi quan dilm di sin l i cii dang cd, cai khdng thd thay the, ndn vi sy phit ttidn bdn vdng, vi lgi ich cgng ding, thi eii mdi, cai xiy dyng sau cin phii hit sflc tdn ttgng di sin gdc.
Tu thye tien, nhftng bai bge ed tinh phd quit trdn pham vi toin tbl gidi, UNESCO da ban hinh nhilu cdng udc, hiln chuang ttong dd cd ndu nhihig nguydn tic co bin dd giii quydt mil quan hf giua bio tdn, phit tridn nhu: Hiln chuong v l bio vf thinh phi, dd thi Hch sd, ttong dd ehue ning mdi, cic mgng kit cau ha ting cfla ddi sdng duong dgi ddi hdi phii thich hgp vdi die tnmg cua thinh phd Uch sfl, bio vf di sin khdng cd nghia bio vf mft eich bit di bit dich. Hiln chuong eung neu rd: "Vigc dua cic ylu td duong dai vio m i hii hda dupc vdi tdng the khung einh li cd thi chip nhin, bdi vi cic ydu td mdi dd ed tbl gdp phin lam cho khu vyc thdm phong phfl".
Ngiy nay, du Uch dugc coi l i mgt ttong nhihig phuong tifn hing diu dd ttao ddi vin hda, l i dgng lyc tich cyc eho vifc bio vf di sin vin hda, di sin thidn nhien da thinh mdt phflc hgp ddng vai ttd chfl ydu ttong cic Imh vyc kinh tl, chinh tri, x i hfi, vin hda, giio dye, sinh thai, thim my. Mdi taong tic gifta du Uch, di sin van hda dugc ndu tgi Cdng udc quic td ve du Uch vin hda, dupc thdng qua tgi ky hpp Dai hgi ding lin thfl XII. Mpt s l myc tieu ding ehu y cfla Cdng udc: tao dieu kifn thuin lgi, khuyln khich nginh kinh doanh du lich day manh, quin ly du lich theo hudng tdn ttpng, phit huy di sin ciing cic hifn tagng vin hda dang tdn tgi; tao dilu kifn thuin lpi, khuyen khich dli thogi gifla nhihig ngudi chiu ttich nhifm v l di sin vdi nhihig ngudi kinh doanh du lich, nhim lim hp hieu rd hon tim quan ttpng, tinh chit mdng manh dd hdng ciia cie tdng thd di sin, cic suu tgp, cac vin hda dang tin tgi, kl e i sy cin thilt phii dim bio mpt taong lai bdn vung cho nhflng
di sin dd, Cdng udc d i dua ra 6 nguyen tic vl du lieh vin hda li: tgo ra nhflng co hgi quin l^
tit, cd trich nhifm cho cic thinh vidn cua cfng ddng, chfl nhi, cic khich tham quan d l hg thiu hidu di sin vin hda cfla cgng dong dd; mli quan hf gifla cic dia didm di sin, du l}ch l i cd tinh dgng, cd the cd gii tri xung dpt nhau ndn can quin ly mli quan hf dd mgt cich bin vihig cho hdm nay vi cic the hf mai sau; len kl hogch bio vf, phit tridn du Uch cho cic dia diem di sin, phii bio dim thu hflt du khich;cic cpng ddng chu nhi, din chflng bin dia phii dupc tham gia vio vifc lip k l hogch bio vf du Uch; hogt dgng du Uch, bio vf phii cd lgi cho cfng ddng chfl nhi; cic chuong trinh xflc tidn du lieh phii bio vf, phit huy eie d$c tnmg cua di sin thien nhien, di sin vin hda. Vl vgy, cin diy manh edng tic tayen tmyen, gidi thifu, ting tinb hip dan cua di tich nhim thu hflt nhieu ban nfla khich tham quan; t l chfle cic hogt dfng vin hda tgi di tich, hudng tdi myc tidu phyc vg phit triln du lich bin vung l i hit sue cin thilt. Ngudn tii nguydn di tich cung se bi cgn kift nhu nhihig ngudn tii nguydn dau md, than di... neu chl khai thic m i khdng bio tin. Bio tin, khai thic ludn li hai m^t eua mft vin dl, nlu ebl bio tin ma khdng chfl y tdi khai thic sd giy ling phi tai nguydn, han che vifc phit huy gia tri; neu chi khai thic mi khdng bio ton thi se giy huy hogi di tich, hfly hogi mdi tradng, dl lai biu qui to ldn cho toin x i hfi. Vi thi, cin phit huy m?nh me ban nfla vai ttd ciia nhin din trong vifc bao tin, phit huy gii tri <U tieh; ting cudng cdng tic dio tgo ngudn nhin lyc cho bio ton, phit huy gii tri di tieh, bao gim dpi ngu quin ly, dfi ngii nghien ciru vl di tich, cic kien true su, ky su xiy dyng, ky thugt vidn, thp nghl, nghf nhin, nhflng ngudi lim cdng tic bio vf di tich d co sd.
Di sin vin hda ed vai ttd to ldn dli vdi sy phit triln linh mgnh, bin vflng cfla cupc sing duong dgi. Bio vf, phit huy gii tri cua di tich li nln ting, l i nguIn dfng lyc cho sy nghifp bio vf, xiy dyng, phit tiiln dit nudc. Diy ciing li quydn lgi, trich nhifm cua mli ngudi eung nhu cfla ea cgng ding •
B.B.D - H.VV
