SUKIIN VAN BE
rim giai Phap phat iriani
isan pham cong nghlip chu life
TS. Pham Ngpc Hal
Trong n h u n g nam vua qua, Nha nudc ta da dac biet quan tam den xay dung va phat trien cac san pham cong nghiep chu luc. Dua tren n h u n g tieu chi nao de lua chon cac san pham cong nghiep chu luc, dap ung duac cac xu the phat trien va hoi nhap hien nay, do la noi dung cuoc trao doi giiia PV Tap chi Cong nghiep vdi TS. Pham Ngoc Hai - Pho Vien trudng Vien Nghien cuu Chien luae va chinh sach Cong nghiep (Bo Cong Thucmg). Xin tran trong gidi thieu vdi ban doc.
PV: Thua ong, viec lira chon cac san pham cdng nghiep chu Itic ddng vai trd rit quan trgng den phat trien nginh cdng nghiep ctia cic dia phucmg vi cua dat nudc. Vdi gde do la nha nghien cihi, hoach dinh chinh sach, theo ong de ehgn sin pham chii Itic cin dtia tren nhiing tieu chi nao?
TS Pham Ngoc Hai: De lua chpn cic sin p h i m cdng nghiep chii luc can cin cii vio mgt sd tieu chi nhu sau: thii nhit, dd li cic s i n p h i m thuOc cic nginh cong nghiep cd i n h hudng ldn d i n su phat trien ciia cic n g i n h khic trong nen kinh te qudc din, cd vai trd quylt dinh d i n su phat trien ciia cic n g i n h cd hen quan v i l i m d i u t i u thiic d l y cic n g i n h khic ciing p h i t trien; thii hai, l i cac s i n p h i m thuOc cic nganh cOng nghidp cd gii tri gia tang cao, sii dung ngudn n h i n luc chit lupng cao, tilt kiem n i n g lugng, tai nguyen thien nhien v i than thi^n vdi moi trudng;
thii ba, li cic s i n p h i m thupc n g i n h cong nghiep di v i o mui nhpn ciia tiln bp khoa hpc cdng nghe tren t h i gidi, phu hop vdi xu t h i thdi dai v i cd xu hudng p h i t trien manh trong tuong lai; thii tu, li cic s i n p h i m thupc n g i n h cdng nghiep cd dilu kien hOi nhap v i tham gia v i o chudi s i n xuat quo'c tl; thii nam, l i cic s i n p h i m thupc nginh cOng nghiep phu hap vdi n i n g luc v i ngudn luc Clia n i n kinh te trong mpt giai doan n h l t dinh (tOr nay d i n nam 2020).
Nhu chung ta da bilt, hien nay cac nginh cdng nghiep van phat trien theo be rpng, cd gii h-i gia tang cdn thip. Do dd, de nang cao chat lupng ting trudng cin dinh hudng phat trien cac nginh, cic s i n p h i m chii luc cd gia tri gia tang cao v i thuOc
nhdm cac nginh cong nghiep cd vai trd quylt dinh, lam d i u t i u d l thiic d l y cac nginh khic cung phit trien. Tuy nhien trong giai doan vura qua, chiing ta chua the cd duoc nhiing nganh chii luc cd gia tri gia tang cao, vi nhdm nginh niy ddi hdi phii cd su dau tu rat ldn v i ngudn nhan luc chit lugng cao, m i chiing ta lai chua dii ngudn luc de dau tu. Vi vay, theo tdi nen cd chien luoc dai han v i xiy dung Id trinh cu the phat trien cic nginh cdng nghiep chii luc trong giai doan tdi nhim nit ngan khoang each phat trien, hen tdi dudi kip vi ngang bang vdi cac nudc tien tien trong khu vuc v i tren thi gidi.
PV: Trong cac tieu chi tren, tiiu chi thu nim li ehgn cac sin pham chti Itic thudc cac nganh cdng nghiep phu hgp vdi nang luc vi ngudn Itic Clia nin kinh te trong mdt giai doan nhat dinh.
Dugc biet, hien nay mgt sd dia phuang dang liing tiing khi lira ehgn sin pham chti luc theo tiiu chi niy, dng cho biet quan diim ctia dng ve van de niy nhu the nig?
TS. Pham Ngoc Hai: Theo tdi, ddi vdi cic dia phuong, truac khi lua chpn v i d i u tu phat trien san p h i m chii luc can xem xet den cac yeu td sin pham dd cd phii hgp vdi nang luc v i nguon htc Clia dia phuang hay khdng v i nen tap trung d i u tu trong mpt thdi gian ngan, hay lau dii.
Tuy vio die thii cua tung viing, mien, cac d|a phuong cd the lua chpn cic san pham chu luc cho phu hap. Ddi vdi cic tinh, thanh phd cd tich liiy d i u tu cao, cd nginh cdng nghiep phat trien cd the lua chpn cic sin phim ciia Nganh Dien tii-Tin hpc li nganh cdng nghiep i p dung nhanh nhat cac tiln
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3StfKllN-[^Ji^
bo khoa hpc cOng nghe tren thi gidi v i cd anh hudng den h i u het cac nganh cdng nghiep khae;
Nginh Ca khi ciing l i nginh cd dilu kien hpi nhap v i tham gia vao chudi s i n xuit quoc te (tap trung vio sin xuat cac may cong cu, m i y CNC) phuc vu cho nhu clu ciia cic nginh kinh t l khic. Cdn ddi vdi cac tinh viing Dong bing sdng Ciiu Long, cd the lua chpn sin pham ciia cac nginh phuc vu cho chi biln ndng san- thuy, hai sin.
Cac nginh Luyen kim, Hoa chat, Dien la nhiing nginh cOng nghiep n i n ting, cung cap nguyen lieu cho hau h i t cic nganh. Nganh Luyen kim cung cap nguyen lieu thep; nganh H o i chat cung cap cac hoa chat ca ban, phan bdn, nguyen lieu cho n g i n h Nhua v i trong tuong lai nginh Hoa duac duac du bao rat p h i t trien; Nginh Dien cung cap nang lupng cho s i n xuat Clia n i n kinh t l qudc din.
Nginh Chi bien nong-lim, thiiy hai san ciing l i mpt nginh quan trpng cin dau tu phat trien d cic tinh viing ddng bang sdng Ciiu Long d l hudng tdi chi bien siu cac san p h i m ndng sin, thuy hai sin la the manh ciia cic tinh trong viing, phuc vu cho thi trudng trong nuac v i xult khiu...
Cac sin p h i m ciia N g i n h Det may-Da gily ddi vdi mOt sO tinh, thinh pho la s i n p h i m chii luc, nhung vdi mOt sd tinh, thinh phO khic lai khdng dupc coi l i sin p h i m chii luc. Nhdm ngiiJi n i y cd gia tri gia ting thip, sii dung nhieu lao dOng gian don, tuy nhien hien nay dd lai l i nganh cd kim ngach xuit khiu cao, thu dugc nhilu ngoai te v i giai quyet duac nhilu viec lam cho xa hpi. Trong giai doan hi nay d i n 2015, nginh Det may- Da giiy d mpt sO dia phuong van duac coi la ngiiJi chii luc, nhung sau 2015, cin tiing budc tiln tdi lim ra nhiing sin p h i m det may-da gily cd chit lugng cao hon, dieu dd ddng nghia vdi viec h i m lugng thilt k l m i u ma, cac y tudng sing tao ciing phii cao hon. Dua tren nhimg nghien ciiu d cic nuac Nhat Bin, H i n Qudc, Dii Loan..., khi thu nhap binh quan dau ngudi cao hon 1.800-2.000 USD, nhdm nginh nay se chuyen dich d i n sang cac nudc cd thu nhap thap hon.
Ngoai nhiing nhdm nginh tren, nginh cdng nghiep khai khoing ciing duac coi la nginh cong nghiep chii luc ciia cic tinh miln niii phia Bic.
Nhu chiing ta da bilt, cac tinh miln nui phia Bic cd nhilu tiem nang ve tii nguyen khoang sin, die biet la cic khoing sin kim loai rin. Diy l i nhdm nganh cd gia tri gia tang cao va trong thdi gian tdi cin dupc d i u tu theo hudng tang ham lugng chi
Ldp rip Hnh kien dien tti tai mgt doanh nghiep Anh: CTV biln sau, giim ty le xuit khiu quang thd de phuc vu cho n i n kinh t l quoc dan va tilt kiem tii nguyen thien nhien.
PV: Thua dng, trong thai gian tdi, cin thiic hien nhiing giii phip nio de thuc diy su phit trien cac sin pham cong nghiep chti lire?
TS. Pham Ngoc Hai: De phit trien sin phim chii luc quan trpng nhat van li nguon vOn. Cac san pham chu luc cd ham lupng chat xam cao, cd gia tri gia tang cao, ddng nghia vdi ddi hdi ngudn vdn diu tu ldn. De giii quylt van de nay, can khuyen khich cac n h i d i u tu trong nudc, ciing nhu nudc ngoai cd tilm luc v l tii chinh, cd cdng nghe sin xult tien tiln tham gia d i u tu vao sin xult cac san pham cd ham lupng cdng nghe va chit xam cao nham tranh thii ngudn vdn va trinh dp KHCN ciia hp. Ben canh dd, ca quan quan ly nganh la Bp COng Thuong phOi hpp chat che vdi cac Hiep hpi nganh hing tien hinh ri soat lai cic muc tieu d i u tu, xac dinh rd cac trpng tim, trpng diem dau tu v i chi dao dilu chinh cocau diu tu theo cic nganh cdng nghiep cd gia tri gia tang cao trong giai doan tdi.
Tiep den la chu trpng thuc hien cac giai phip thi trudng. Doi vdi thi trudng trong nudc, cin tang cudng d i u tu cho cong tic dilu tra, nghien ciiu, du bao thi trudng; To chiic thudng nien hdi ehp trien lam troxig nuac v i nudc ngoii de cic doanh nghiep tham gia gidi thieu, quing b i cac san p h i m chii luc ciia dia phuang, ciia doanh nghiep.
Cac doanh nghiep ding can phdi hgp chat che vdi nhau trong viec dinh hudng p h i t trien sin pham, dieu chinh ca ciu d i u tu cac nginh h i n g cho phii hgp vdi tung thdi ky.
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fen'iir VANDE
Mpt giai p h i p khic ciing khOng kem p h i n quan trpng dd li xay dung thuang hieu cho cac sin pham chii luc. Dd'i vdi cac thuang hieu da ndi tieng, cd uy tin trong nudc, cin cd chiln lugc phat trien liu d i i tren ca sd md rOng s i n xult d l giu viing v i phat taien thi phin, ning cao chit lugng s i n phim, khdng ngiing cii tiln mau ma, da dang hda s i n phim, ciing co' v i p h i t trien he thing tieu thu sin phim, giii uy tin vdi khich hing; Chu trpng xiy dung cic tieu chuin chit lupng nhu ma vach, tern sin phim... de chd'ng hing gii, hang nhii, gian lin thuong mai.
Cac giii phap ve nghien ciiu khoa hpc v i chuyen giao cdng nghe ciing cin dugc d l y manh.
Van de ddi mdi cdng nghe ddi hdi vdn d i u tu rit ldn. Do dd, de giai quylt v i n de niy, trong thdi gian tdi, cin lua chpn ddi mdi tiing phin, tiing cdng doan trong day chuyen sin xult v i viec ddi mdi nay phii di vio nhiing khiu quan trpng nhlt, cac khau quylt dinh d i n chit lupng sin pham.
N h i nudc khuyin khich cic doanh nghidp d i u tu nghien ciiu khoa hpc v i i p dung cdng ngh^ tien tien vao sin xult cac s i n p h i m chii luc, mua cdng nghe tien tdi lim chii cdng nghe, nhap thilt bi tien tien hi cac nudc phit hien, nhan chuyen giao cdng nghe tii cic Cdng ty hing d i u tren thi gidi.
Giii p h i p tiep theo li dau tu phit trien ngudn nhan luc. Rd ring la mudn cd san phim chat lugng cao thi ddng thdi ciing cin phii cd ngudn nhin luc dap ling dugc cic yeu ciu cho sin xuat. Do dd, ngay tii bay gid, chiing ta phai cd dinh hudng chien
lugc lau dai ve phat trien ngudn nhin luc. Ching han nhu xay dung cic chuong trinh dio tao dai han, ngan han, theo chuyen de va dao tao theo dia chi, theo yeu cau ciia doanh nghiep...
PV: Ong cd de xuat gi vdi Nhi nudc vi chinh quyen cic dia phuong ve cac ca che chinh sich phat trien sin phim chu luc trong thdi gian tdi.
TS. Pham Ngoc Hai: Be khuyin khich phat trien cac san p h i m chii luc trong thdi gian tdi, nham lim hat nhin, lan toi thtic day cac nginh khic phit trien, theo tdi, N h i nudc cin tao dilu kien thuan Igi cho cac doanh nghiep sin xult cac sin p h i m chii luc cd the tiep can dugc cac ngudn vdn uu dai dau tu; ben canh dd, cdng tic dio tao phii dugc chii trgng hon niia. Chiing ta cin cd mOt chinh sich d i o tao ddng bp, mang tim vl md, cd chiln lugc dii han nhu tdi da tiinh biy d tren.
Ben canh dd, vdi trich nhiem ciia minh, cac doanh nghiep cin xiy dung chiln lugc ve phit trien v i ning cao chat lugng cic sin p h i m chii luc da lua chpn, day manh xuat khau, dua sin pham tham gia vio chudi sin xuit toin clu.
Ngoii ra, Nha nudc ciing cin dly manh xiy dung CO sd ha ting cho su phat trien trong giai doan tdi nhu mang ludi giao thdng, he thdng cung d p v i phin phdi dien, nudc,... Phat trien hii hda giua cac viing, mien hen ca nudc, duy tri tdc dp tang trudng cdng nghiep cao, dn dinh ve chat li nhiing muc tieu chiing ta can dat dugc trong thdi gian tdi.
PV: Xin cam an dng.
Phucmg Thio (thuc hiin)
Huan chirdng lao dAng hang Ba gianh cho lire liTdng
xung kich dl tim lura
N g i y 26/3/2011, D o i n Thanh niSn Cdng s i n H 6 Chi Minh T i p d o i n D I U khi Qud'c gia ViSt Nam (Petrovietnam) da long trpng td chiic Ll ky niem 80 n i m n g i y Thinh lap Doin TNCS Hd Chi Mmh; Ddn n h i n H u i n chuong Lao ddng h?ng Ba; Trao Ky nidm chuong "Vi t h i h^ tr6";
tuy§n duong 80 c i n bO D o i n v i Doin vi§n Thanh ni§n D i u khi tidu b i l u n i m 2010.
Tdi du v i trao p h i n thudng cd ddng chi Lim Phuong Thanh - Bi thu Thudng tinrc Trung uong Doin TNCS Hd Chi Minh; dai didn phia Tip doin Diu khi Qud'c gia Vi^t Nam cd ddng chi Dinh La Thing - Uy vien Trung uong Ding, Chu tich HDQT v i ddng chi PhCing Dinh Thuc - TGD Tip doin. Cling d^i di^n linh dao Trung uong Doin, Ban, nginh Trung uong v i dia phuong.
Nhin dip ky ni§m 80 n i m ngiy thinh lip Doin TNCS Hd Chi Minh, Ding v i N h i nudc da ti'ao tang Huin chuong Lao dpng hang Ba v i ting Danh hieu cho 80 can bp doin, doin vi^n thanh nien Diu khi tidu bieu, trong dd cd 10 dong chi dat daiJi hi^u cin bp doin Diu khi xult sic, 10 dong chi dat danh hieu doin vi&i thanh nidn D I U khi suit sic, 32 ddng chi d^t danh hi^u can bO Doin D I U khi gidi v i 28 ddng chi dat Danh hidu doin vidn thanh nien Dau khi gidi, cac ddng chi dugc x&t tang danh hieu deu li nJhOng can bO Doin, doin vidn thanh ni&i m i u muc, cd sang kiln cii tiln ky thuit, cd nhilu ddng gdp tich cue trong hoat ddng sin xuat kinh doanh ciia Tap doin v i cic hoat dpng ciia Doin, phong trio thanh nidn.
Kim Tuye'n
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