KHOA HOC VA CONG NGHE MO CNM
GOP PHAN GIAM LUONG PHA THlTA
KHI KHOAN NO MJN TOAN GUtiNG DirONG HAM
KS.DOTHUYDANG
Hgi Khoa hgc va Cong nghe Mo Viet Nam
^
^ gay nay, khi thi edng xay dung cae dudng I ham, cd dien tfch gu'dng dao Idn theo thie't ke H (S^>20 m^), trong da lien ket ran chac (cd he sd dp kien cd f>8), ngudi ta thudng ed gang phd'i hpp phuong phap khoan nd min (KNM) tao bien (ed eae lo khoan trdng giam ben khd'i da dot pha va eac Id min bien thda man hieu Lfng nd gan [2]), vdi suf dung cac trang thiet bj thi edng dSc chung, thupc loai td'i tan va cd cdng suat cao; nham ke't hpp t§ng tien dp ehu ky KNM dao gLfong len cao (LCK=3,0-4,5 m) va giam d nhiem mdi tnJdng. Tuy nhien, vi den nay v l n chUa djnh lupng dupe mdi quan he giua \i (he sd thC/a dien tfch mSt eat ngang dudng ham do KNM) vdi cac chi tieu kinh te ky thuat khac cua hp chie'u KNM [3]; dSc biet van chua nhan thufc hit dupc cac md'i quan he ehu quan va khach quan giufa cac thdng sd ve kha n§ng thiet ke va thi cong KNM vdi thdng sd Sjh (dien tfch phan thC/a m§t cat ngang dudng ham do KNM vupt yeu cau thiet ke); cho nen v l n chUa cd dupc bien phap hieu qua de khd'ng che S^^ dam bao cho n dat yeu eau, trong dieu kien ke hoach kinh te ky thuat da dat ra [4]. Vdi quy Udc:
ST.!
Sj.K.
n.K. + S Th
(1)
^T.K.
Trong dd: S j j - Dien tfch mSt cat ngang dadng ham hinh thanh trong thUc te KNM; SJ.K. - Dien tfch m§t eat ngang dUdng ham theo yeu cau thiet ke KNM .
Thdng thudng hien nay: |i=1,15+1,25; nhung dot xua't da gSp: ^>1,35; trong khi mien bien thien mong mud'n dd'i vdi p. la 1,04<n< 1,1.
Trong dieu kien ap dung hp chieu KNM vi sai tao bien ndi chung (nha't la tafdng hpp KNM phan doan vi sai tao bien chi sCr dung 1 phat min dot pha trong Id min bd tri b tam vdng cac Id khoan trd'ng, vC/a de giam ben khdi da vung nd dpt pha, vC/a de gdp phan tSng he sd sCf dung chieu sau cac Id min trung binh, tSng dp ddng deu va giam dp vSng xa eho da nd ra [6], [7]). Rd rang la lupng thCfa Sjh trong khi ft phu thude vao SJK, lai phu thupc chu yeu vao tinh chat co ly cua khd'i d^ tren guong, tfnh chat cua vat lieu nd sCf dung, tien dd chu ky
KNM dao gUOng (L<;K), SO Id min bien (Ng), dp d^i mdi Id
min bien (LLB), gdc nghieng eua moi Id min bien so vdi
tnjc dpc dudng ham (a), khoang each giufa tuye'n bd tri mieng cae Id min bien den dudng bien gUOng thiet ke (b), he sd nap thud'c nd trong eae Id min bien (ag), cung vdi eau true nut min bien, ca'u tmc lupng thud'c nd trong tC/ng Id min bien va trinh tuf dieu khien nd cac lieu thudc nd trong chung [1]. Do dd, chi nen dung ji de so sanh trinh dp KNM khi thi edng cae dudng ham cd cac d§c tinh gidng nhau vdi SJK xap xi bang nhau. Tdt nha't la di sau tim hieu khd'ng che cac chi tieu anh hudng xau den Sjn-
Dudi day chung ta tim hieu md'i quan he giufa iLfpng thCfa Sn, vdi cac ehi tieu eo ban ed anh hudng Idn den hieu qua nd min khi tien toan gLfOng du'dng ham, trong khdi da lien ket ran chac, cd tfnh chat co ly dn djnh; de cd CO sd thiet ke va dieu chinh hp chie'u KNM vC/a dam bao phu hpp vdi Tieu chuan Viet Nam (TCVN 4586:1997) [3]; vCfa dam bao giam va khd'ng ehe dupe iLfpng thC/a S^^ trong gidi han kinh te eho phep.
1. Cac thong so co ban cua cac 16 min bien tren gu'dng KNM dao dirdng ham
Chieu sau mdi Id min bien: Lge =(LLB cosa);
He sd SLf dung chieu sau cac Id min bien:
ri=(LcK/LsB);
Chieu dai duang bien P cua mSt cat ngang dudng ham theo thiet ke KNM. Neu cdng trinh ngam (ke ca dudng ham), phai chdng giu nen, nha't dinh phai tfnh P la toan bd dudng bien kfn cua mSt eat ngang cong trinh. Rieng nhC/ng dudng ham khdng phai chdng giCr nen, de de thi cdng, cd the tinh P chi la phan bien hd nam phfa tren nen dLfdng ham [1];
Khoang each giufa cae mieng Id min bien tren guong KNM: bB=(A.P/NB).
Trong dd: X - He sd ty le giufa chieu dai tuyen bd tri mieng eac Id min bien (PLB) va chieu dai dudng bien m§t cat ngang thie't ke dLfdng ham (P). Dp Idn eua X va PLB cd the tinh gan dung nhd eae bieu thu'c chuyen ddi sau:
A = p
^TK -Pb
(2)
^TK
Mat dp thud'c nd trong Id min bien 5Q.
CNM
KHOA Hpc VA CONG NGHE MOSuat thude nd binh quan de pha vd 1 m^ vung bien guong KNM (cd ke de'n hieu qua cua phuong phap nd min phan doan vi sai tao bien): q,,;
The tfch thudc nd nap binh quan theo 1m chieu sau Id min bien: v,,; he sd len chSt thudc nd do qua trinh nhdi min: k. Chieu dai phan cd thude nd eua mdi Id khoan bien (ke t d vj tri cd thud'c nd b day Id khoan den vj tri cd thud'c nd b gan mieng Id khoan ), hay la tdng chieu dai cae phan doan cd thudc nd va cae phan doan khdng ed thud'c nd xen giufa trong mdi Id min bien: LJN-
2. Quan he giufa cac t h o n g s o hinh hoc cua cac 16 min bien, trong mat c l t d o c d i r d n g ham
Nghien cufU cac thdng sd d§c tru/ng cho eae Id min bien cua cac chu ky KNM lien tiep nam tren cung mpt mSt cat dpc dudng ham nhutren hinh H.1. Theo hinh
A ^ ^ ' - '- SB M 3
H.1, ehung ta cd: A2B2C2 va A3B3C3 la so dd 2 Id min bien cua 2 chu ky KNM lien tiep. DUdng M2M3M4 la dudng gidi han ben trong bien dao tfnh toan gia dinh.
Dudng M'2M'3M'4 la dudng gidi han ben trong bien dao thiet ke phu hpp vdi thUe te nd min.
A2A3=A3A4=LCK=(TILSB); A2C2'=LSB;
A2C3=A3 C3 =LLB =(LsB/eosa);
A2BI=A3B2=A4B3=(TILSB tga);
A3H2-H3C2=(riLsB sina).
Khi dieu khien nd Id min A3B3C3, neu lieu thudc nd nap trong Id nay cd tdng chieu dai L™ thoa man ddng thdi cac dieu kien: LJN>C3M3' va C2M3'<bB.
Khi dd, da tren bien ham ft nha't cung bj pha vd theo dudng gia djnh C2M3'B3va dLfdng M2'M3'M4' la dudng gidi han ben trong gia djnh cua bien dao tfnh toan. Chung ta suy ra dugc:
,M
Sin a ri L SB Cos a + -^b ^ - (r) L SB Cos a )M3M'3 = Sina
MgM'j = Sina
- ^ - HLSBCOS a + V b ^ - ( n n s B C o s a ) 2 C o s a
LsB - 7^ + H I - S B C O S O - V b M n n ^ ^ C o s a J Cosa
(3)
(4)
(5)
H. 1. Mat cat dgc mdt doan bien dudng him de xac dinh vj tri eac Id min bien va chieu dai doan lo can nap thud'c no: MiMi^iMi^2--- - Dudng bien gia dinh tren mat cit dgc dudng ham khi thie't ke KNM;
M'iM'i+iM'i^2- - Dudng bien thuc tetren mat cat dgc dudng him sau khi KNM; AiBiC, - Ld min bien cda chu ky KNM thdi; A, - Mieng cda Id min bien cda chu ky KNM thdi; C, - Day cda Id min bien cda chu ky KNM thUi; A, A | - Khoang each td mieng Id min bien de'n bien guang KNM d chu ky thUi. - _' ' '
lieu bd sung ngoai ket ca'u chdng dudng ham; cd the xae djnh gan dung theo bieu thufc:
3. Xac djnh vj tri 16 m i n bien va cau true cac lieu thuoc no' trong 16 theo cac t h 6 n g s6' hinh hoc
3.1. Cac thong sd trung gian
Xuat phat tCf kfeh thudc khoang hd thi cdng can thiet tdi thieu tuong Lfng vdi loai may khoan sCf dung de khoan eae Id min bien tren guang ham, chung ta biet dupe A3H2'.
Tren eo sd eae edng thLfe neu tren ehung ta cd the xac djnh gdc a can thiet; xac djnh dugc gia tri Mj'Mj"' la khoang each tCf mieng Id min bien den dLfdng gidi han ben trong gia djnh cua bien dao tfnh toan; xae djnh dupe gia trj M3'M3" la dp sau CL/C dai cua cae hoc ldm thCfa khdng gian dao tinh toan gia djnh. TCf do, dien tfch phan m§t cat ngang thC/a, theo tfnh toan gia djnh; hinh thanh khdng gian can chen lap bang vat
S T H = ^ 'Th Sina -LB
-LB
Cosa
+ T|LLBCosa-
•V^
(6)
(TlLLBCosa)^
Do dd, he sd th^a gi/ong dLfdng ham theo tfnh toan gia djnh \x cd the xac djnh gan dung nhd bieu thufc:
[i = ^TK + Sj,^
•"TK
m
Xuat phat tCf yeu eau: cac lieu thudc nd trong cac Id min bien pha vd dupe phan da tren bien theo dadng C2M3'<bB; eho nen dp dai doan Id khoan cd nap thudc nd b day phai dat gia tri LJN thoa man dieu kien:
C3M3' < LTN < C3H3 • • (8)
KHOA HOC VA CONG NGHE MO CNM
Sau khi bd sung dieu kien nd an toan theo he sd nap thud'c nd: aB=(LTN/LLB); chung ta cd: '
qb-S bl-LB-S.v,
No Suy ra dugc:
qbS
I CosaJ <a.
C 3 M 3 < bl-LB-S- Vmk Np
< C 3 H 3
(9)
(10)
Khi dd, thudc nd trong eae Id min bien can nap lien tuc.
• Tnidng hop tha hai: khi lupng thud'c nd trong mdi Id min bien thda man dieu kien:
gbSbLiB-S-V.
N«
< C 3 M 3 (11)
Khi dd, thudc nd trong cae Id min bien can phan doan, sao cho tdng chieu dai doan Id khoan nap thud'c nd L™ taong dng thoa man cac dieu kien (8) va (9).
3.2. Cae thong sdhinh hgc dng dung
Thac te nd min tao bien eho tha'y: GdcZC2M3'C3 deu khdng nguyen ven, dinh Idi gia djnh M3' deu bj vd Id them den dinh Idi ky thuat tdi thieu M3 each dinh Idi gia djnh M3' mpt khoang thdng thudng cd dp Idn vao khoang: AM=M3M3'=(3+5) em.
Cho nen trong thiet ke hd chieu KNM can ap dung
"ky xao" dieu chinh cac thdng sd hinh hpc nhUsau:
• Chi coi CIM2'C2M3'C3 la dudng bien dao gia djnh (bien dao tfnh toan tmng gian);
• Coi cac diem C^; C2; C3 chfnh la cac diem thudc gidi han ngoai cua bien dao thuc te, cung la eac diem thupc gidi han ngoai so vdi bien dao thiet ke;
• Coi eac diem M2; M3; M4 chfnh la cac diem thupc gidi han trong cua bien dao thuc te, eung la cac diem thupc gidi han trong eua bien dao thiet ke.
Ndi khac di, tuyen bd tri mieng cac Id min bien can dupc chpn nam phfa trong cac dinh Idi ky thuat mdt khoang M3"'M3 cd dp Idn gan dung la:
M3"'M3'=M3"'M3+M3M3'=M3"'M+AM (12)
Chfnh nhd "ky xao" nay ma he sd thaa dien tfch mat cat KNM binh quan thuc te cd the xac djnh gan dung theo bieu thac:
H'=(S^+Stt,-As)/STK=(^-A,)- (13) Trong dd: Ag & A^i - Dp giam dien tfch thaa va dp giam
he sd thaa m§t cat ngang dadng ham, do KNM tan dung dapc kha n§ng pha da tren bien cua eac phat min bien cd vj tri va eau tnjc hpp ly.
Rd rang, hieu qua cua "ky xao" dieu chinh da nhu the, cd the danh gia bang chi tieu kinh te ky thuat A xac djnh trong bieu thac (13).
ThLfe te eho tha'y rang: m§c du A^ nghjch bien vdi dien tfch gaong dao STT cCia dUdng ham, nhung van
thudng nam trong khoang: A(^=0,03+0,08; cho nen can dapc coi la 1 giai phap gdp phan lam sach hda cdng nghe KNM cac gaong ham Idn.
3.3. Pham vl sif dung he sd[i
Ve m§t toan hpc, \i viia dong bien vdi P vaa ddng bien vdi Sj^ va nghjch bie'n vdi S-n<; trong khi S-n, ft phu thupc vao STK- Rieng vdi nhdm cac dudng ham vaa ed SJK ngang nhau, vaa cd yeu eau chdng giuf nen ngang nhau, vaa cd cae dieu kien mdi trudng ngang nhau; de danh gia trinh dp KNM, cd the thdng qua dp Idn eua \i. Nhung vdi nhdm cac dudng ham ed SJK khac biet nhau, eung nhu vdi nhdm dadng ham cd yeu cau chdng giu nen khac biet nhau (each tfnh P khac biet nhau); d§e biet vdi nhdm dudng ham vaa cd SJK khae biet nhau, vaa cd yeu cau chdng gia nen khac biet nhau, vaa ed cac dieu kien mdi ta/dng khdng gid'ng nhau; de danh gia trinh dp KNM, neu chi thong qua dp Idn cua n chac chan se cPn phien dien.
Khi dd, nen xem xet \i sau khi xem xet Sj^.
3.4. Thidu vechgn sddd bdtri cac 16 min bien de giam n khi KNM dao dudng him trong da lien kei ran chac vdi: STK=49,38 m^; LLB=0,5 m va TI=0,86.
Neu bd tri cac Id min bien nam trong bien dao thiet ke M',; M'i+iM'i+2--- khoang chOng b(=(10+12) cm va cd day Id nam ngoai bien dao thiet ke do khoang chOng bn=(0+12) em (vdi quy luat: b, ddng bien vdi ti'nh ben eua KD va b^ nghjch bien vdi tfnh ben eua KD; sao eho: tmc cac Id khoan bien chi nghieng so vdi true dpc dudng ham mpt gdc nhd a dao ddng trong khoang a<( 4°+5°) va phu hpp vdi chieu sau id khoan bien thue te); sau khi suf dung cac bieu thLfe tfnh toan neu trong eae mue 3 & 4 nay; ed the xac djnh dupc he sd \i dao dpng trong khoang |a'=(1,023+1,085).
4. Dieu chinh dac tinh cua cac 16 min bien tren cd so cac s6' lieu ve KD, nang lire KNM va dieu kien hien trudng trudc khi bat dau chu ky tien guong mdi
4.1. Lyluan chung
Do cac thdng sd dieu kien hien ta/dng (ca dieu kien ta nhien, nSng lufc cung ang vat ta va n3ng IL/C thi cdng) deu ed nhung bien dpng khach quan hoSe ehu quan so vdi cac thdng sd dieu kien chpn cho hp chieu KNM vaa thac hien, cho nen hd chieu KNM phai dupc thudng xuyen dieu ehinh hpp ly hda theo yeu eau thuc tien, vdi ehu trinh xoay dc PDCAP (P-plan-lap ke hoaeh^D-do-thUe hien^C-check-danh gia-»A-adjust- dieu chinh->P-plan-lap ke hoach) [9] va thda man TCVN 4586:1997.
Tai day, chung ta chi tim hieu each dieu ehinh cac Id min bien, de nang cao hieu qua nd tao bien, sau khi nhan dupe ket qua KNM va dieu kien hien trudng sau cac chu ky tien gaong vaa hoan thanh:
+ Dien tfch phan m§t gaong thaa: S-^;
CNM KHOA HQC VA CONG NGHE MO
+ Mat bien vCra hinh thanh sau thae te KNM sai khac mat bien thiet ke, theo nhufng khoang each trung binh (Ab), vaa khdng Idn lam, vaa taong dd'i gidng nhau va cd the xac dinh gan dung bang cae dieu kien sau:
I STT - S TK I =STh=P(Ab) va 1,10<n<1,25. (14) 4.2. Nhufng dieu kien ban dau
• Cac Id khoan tren gaong dapc silf dung theo 4 nhiem vu taong dng vdi 4 nhdm khac nhau: nhdm Id khoan trd'ng; nhdm Id min dot phat; nhdm Id min pha (phu) va nhdm Id min bien.
•:• Cae lo khoan tren gaong deu la cac Id khoan nhd, ed dudng kfnh D < 60mm.
• So dd bd tri cae Id khoan va dSc tfnh eac Id min dapc xac djnh theo cac tai lieu [5 ; 6 va 7];
• Khi dieu chinh hp chieu khoan nd min, khPng thay ddi chieu sau trung binh cua eae Id khoan tren gaong , de tien dp chu ky LCK xac djnh ta bieu thae tren van khdng ddi.
<• De phu hpp vdi nhiem vu pha da cua tang nhdm Id min tren gaong, can lap hp chieu khoan nd min ed sU phan bd vat lieu nd cdng nghiep tuong Ong vdi dieu kien cd cac Id khoan trdng giam dudng can nd cho Id min dot pha w^p va dieu khien nd vi sai theo tang phan doan Id min va theo tOng vdng Id min ke ta sau phat min nd dpt pha.
• Sd phan doan thud'c nd trong mdi Id min n a dapc xac djnh theo dieu kien: dadng kfnh lieu thudc nd D, chieu dai Id min tmng binh LK (mdt each gan dung ed the lay LK=LLB)i chieu dai lieu thud'c nd Ith;
taong Ong nha sau:
+ Tha nhat: => Khi: D=(40+60) mm; LK< 2,5 m va Ij,
< 2,0 m, thi na=1; eung nhU khi: D=(25+32) mm; LK<
2,0mvalth<1,6m, thina=1.
+ Tha hai: =^ Khi: D=(40+60) mm; 2,5 m<LK< 4,5 m va I tt,>2,0 m, thi na=2; cung nha khi: D=(25+32) mm; 2,0 n2<LK< 4,0 m va I ,h>1,6 m, thi na=2.
• Sd Id min dot pha NBP=1 .
• Sd Id khoan trdng NT=(4+6) Id. Vdi: dadng kfnh eae Id khoan trd'ng (DT) bang dadng kfnh cae Id min thdng thudng tren gaong (D^).
• Ld min dot pha ed nhiem vu pha vd khd'i da cd dien tfch mat cat ngang S^p gidi han bdi vdng eae Id khoan trdng.
•:• Cac Id min pha cd nhiem vu pha vd khdi da cd dien tieh mat cat ngang Sp gidi han ta vdng cac Id trdng den vdng eae Id min pha ngoai eung, vdi dieu kien nd vi sai sau phat min dpt pha va lan lupt ta vdng trong ra vdng ngoai.
• Cac Id min bien cd nhiem vu pha vd khd'i da cd dien tieh mat cat ngang Sggidi han ta vdng eae Id min pha ngoai eung de'n bien thiet ke.
Trong tmdng hpp nay, sau khi da xi!f ly xong eac thong sd ke't qua KNM va dieu kien hien tmdng sau
cac chu ky tien guong vaa hoan thanh, neu n edn vupt qija gidi han cho phep; cac thdng sd mdi cua nhdm Id min bien cd the xae djnh lai nhu sau:
• Chuyen tuyen bd tri cac Id min bien vao trong mpt khoang Ab tfnh gan dung: Ab=STh/P.
• Lupng thude nd bien sau khi dieu chinh la:
Q B ~(SB-STh)l-CKKBkpP "•
••• Khoang each giiJfa cae Id min bien sau khi dieu ehinh la: b£)c=P'LB/NB •
Trong dd: kp - He sd giam suat thudc nd thae te khi nd eac phat min pha; de pha vd 1m^ da tmng gian tren gaong dadng ham, vaa ed 2 mSt ta do, vaa cd nang lapng nd hd trp ta cac phat nd vi sai lan can tmyen den. kg - He sd giam sua't thudc nd thuc te khi nd cae phat min bien; de tach vd 1m^ da bien tren guong dadng ham, vaa cd 2 mat ta do, vaa cd nang lapng nd hd tro ta cac phat nd vi sai lan can tmyen de'n. q" - Suat thud'c nd thuc te khi nd pha vd 1m^ da tren gaong dadng ham cd 2 mat ta do [6]. PVB - Chieu dai tuye'n bd tri mieng cac Id min bien tren mat gaong KNM sau khi dieu chinh; PVB dupe xac djnh ta eac quan he kieu (5) & (6). Cdn NB - Sd Id min bien tmdc khi dieu chinh.
• Lupng thudc nd trong 1 Id min bien sau khi dieu chinh la: QIB=(QB'/NB) va he sd nap min sau khi dieu chinh la a'B; can chu y: Neu a'B>[aB]; tac la a's khdng dam bao hieu qua nd va khdng an toan cho mdi tmdng (taong ufng vdi tiing loai cdng trinh va tfnh chat khdi da), vi the phai tang sd Id min len: (NB'>NB); rdi tfnh lai khoang each giufa eae Id min: b'B(dc)<b'B; chpn lai dadng kfnh Id min va dadng kinh eae lieu thudc nd trong chung; chpn lai eau true Id min (quy each eac phan doan thudc nd va cac phan doan nut); yeu cau nap kfp nd va yeu cau dieu khien nd [7] & [8]. Cdn neu a'B<[aB]; tac la a'B da dam bao yeu eau hieu qua nd va an toan cho mdi trudng, vi the ke't qua dieu chinh cd the chap nhan dapc.
5. Ket luan -iM-'
Hieu qua KNM dao ham IP dupe danh gia bdi rat nhieu thdng so, trong dd ed ST^, va \i. Do \i la mpt loai he sd, vi the chi nen sCf dung \i de danh gia hieu qua KNM trong mdt pham vi thfch hop.
De giam STI, va ji do KNM, phai thuc hien ddng bp nhieu bien phap khac nhau. Dau sao anh hudng eua cae phat nd bien v l n mang y nghTa true tiep. Xuat phat ta dac diem bd tri va eau tmc eae Id min bien cd lien quan rat Idn den ST^ va ^i, eho nen de giam STU va H, ehung ta can khae phue ca nhung yeu td khach quan va nhOng yeu td chu quan cd kha nSng lam tang
STh va \i.
Bai bao nay da ke't hpp neu pham vi sCf dung \x eung vdi xay dung bien phap khac phuc phan nao anh
(Xem tiip trang 6)
CNM KHOA Hpc VA CONG NGHE MO
— T '-
8y2=0,5.ao.(Tlm/L2).F'(Zy2)].
Gia trj ham F'(z) dupe xac djnh tu Bang 4.
3. Kit luan
• Khu md Binh Minh ed dja ting chua than thupc trim tich Neogen, cP c l u tao phan Idp, d i t da bao quanh eae via than r i t m i m y l u . Ldp De tu cd chilu day tu 80-^150 m, la ting chua nudc gay trd ngai Idn khi khai thae than phia dudi.
• Co sd khoa hpe phuang phap xac djnh sut lun, biln dang b l mat dupe lya chpn la ly thuylt vung tuong ty Kazacovski D. A. Thdng qua phan tich dia tang lo khoan khu vyc md Binh Minh d l tinh he sd cung dit da va xlp chung vao nhdm md da dupc nghien euu d l xac dinh eac thdng sd v l gdc djch chuyin. Su dung dudng cong chuin phi ty le vung Kuzbass, d l xay dyng cac biiu dd djch ehuyin.
• Kit qua udc tinh dich chuyin biln dang dit da theo cac mCre khae nhau d hai tuyln To va Te cho thiy: khi khai thac cac via 3, 4 vdi 9 Id chp cd chilu dai guang Id tu 180+200 m, d muc dp sau khai thac trung binh tu 200+400 m, dp lun se giam din theo chieu sau khai thac, bdn djch ehuyin cd day tuong ddi bing phlng. Tren tuyln To dp lun trung binh b l mat dat tu 1+1,312 m. O tuyln Te do via nlm sau
han nen cd dp lun tCr 0,5+0,6 m. Cac gia trj biln dang ngang cd t h i gay anh hudng din cac cdng trinh ty nhien va nhan tao tren b l mat md.n
T I LIEU THAM KHAO
1. Vu Van Tiln. Kit qua khao sat, tim kilm, tham do than ddng bing Sdng Hdng vung Binh Minh, Khoai Chau, Hung Yen. Cdng ty Dja chit va khao sat. 2003.
2. Nguyen Dinh Be, Vuong Trpng Kha. Djch chuyin va biln dang d i t da trong khai thac mo, NXB Giao thdng van tai, Ha Ndi. 2000.
Ngudi bien tap: Vd Trgng Hung
•A papeF deals'^^ determination and recasting of surface displacement and eformation parameters of Binh Minh, ^hoai fhau coal mine in Hu'ng Yen Province by D.A. Kazakovski's "similar region" method for
••" (nt levels.
CfOP PHAN GIAM LU'ONG PHA^
(Tlip theo trang 10)
hudng chu quan eua ngUdi lap hp chieu KNM den S-m va [I, dd la:
•:• Dung "ky xao" mang tinh hinh hpe, de chpn du'dng bien gia djnh nam phfa trong dUdng bien thie't ke lam co sd eho viec bd tri mieng cac Id min bien.
• Dung nguyen tae dieu chinh nSng iLfpng nd, de dieu chinh d§e tfnh cua cac lo min bien; tren cO sd xCr ly eac thdng sd ke't qua eua eac chu ky KNM da hoan thanh va nhufng tai lieu quan trac tai hien tafdng ve ca dieu kien tU nhien, ve dieu kien dau tuthi cdng va ve td chufc thi edng thUe te cd lien quan.n
TAI LIEU THAM KHAO
1. H. M. rioKpoBCKMM. Coopy>KeHMe n
peKOHCTpyKUMfl ropHbix BbipadOTOK, HaCTb 1.
roeropTexM3flaT. MocKsa. 1962.
2. Nguyin The Phung & Nguyen Ngpc Tuan. Thi cdng ham. NXB Khoa hpe va ky thuat. Ha Npi. 1997.
3. TCVN 4586: 1997. Vat lieu no cdng nghiep. Yeu cau an toan ve bao quan, van chuyen va sCf dung. Ha Ndi. 1997.
4. Thai Son. Dao vupt-lam sao han ehe. Tuyen tap eac cdng trinh khoa hpc sd 30. Tn/dng Dai hpc Md- Dja chaL Ha Npi. 6/2000.
5. Do Thuy Dang. Ve phuong phap xae djnh sd lo
min tren gurong Id bang theo cac loat nd vi sai tao bien. T/c Cdng nghiep Md. Ha Ndi. 6/2000.
6. Dd Thuy Oang. Xac djnh chi phf thud'c nd va SL/
phan bd ehung khi di gu/ong toan dien cac dudng ham trong vung da lien ket ran ehae. Tuyen tap bao eao Hdi nghj khoa hpe ky thuat mo toan qudc lan thuf 13.
Da Ning. 2001. '
7. Dd Thuy Dang. De t3ng hieu qua khoan sau nd nhieu khi dao cae ham Idn. T/e NgUdi Xay dLTng. Ha Npi. 12/2007.
8. Do Thuy Dang. Co sd khoan sau nd nhieu khi dao ham Id vao da ran. T/e Xay dung. Ha Npi. 1/2008.
9. Nguyen Xuan Hai. Quan ly du an xay dUng nhin tCr gdc dp nha nude, nha dau tLf, nha tuvan, nha thau.
NXB. Xay dung. Ha Npi. 2002.
Ngudi bien tap: Dao Dac Tao
SUMMARY
.This article bring up using scale of ^ 'coefficient and build measures for overcoming [personal influences of which, person formed
^fnodel designs on drilling and blasting in l^tunnels, in order to take part in diminishing l^yalue of superfluous breaking quantities (Sih) [while drilling and blasting full faces of tunnels.
