JSTPM Tap 4. Sd 4. 2015
HE THONG STI TRONG CAC TRlTCWG DAI HOC V I | : T NAM
TS. Dao Tfaanfa Tnrtog Vifn Chinfa sdch vd C^dn Iy, Trudng Dai hgc Kfaoa fagc x i fagi v i Nfain van
Khoa hpc, cdng nghf vd ddi m&i (STI) da tra thdnh phuang tiin vd muc lieu quan trpng cua cdc quoc gia di phdt triin vd hpi nhpp. Hf thong STI khong chi ddng vai tro Uen ket cdc Ihdnh lo Nhd nu&c - Doanh nghifp - Vifn - Tnrang de tpo ra nhiing thdnh qud trong phdt trien ldnh te • xa hpi md cdn ndng cao ndng luc noi sinh cda chinh nhirng thdnh to do.
Trong hf thong STI thi khoi cdc truang dpi hpc, cao ddng ddng mpt vai Ird quan trpng bdi ddy khdng chi Id nai cung cap ngfion nhdn /tuc khoa hpc vd cong nghf (KH&CN) chai lupng cao md con Id nai uam duang nhirng y tuang khoa hpc. nhiing thdnh qud nghien cuu Iru&c Idii dua vdo sdn xudt. Thong qua vifc nghiin cmi tnr&ng hpp aia bon Iru&ng dpi hpc: Dpi hpc Quoc gia Hd Npi, Dpi hpc Quoc gia thdnh pho Hd Chi Minh, Dpi hpc Bdch Khoa vd Dpi hpc Thdi Nguyen, idc gid da md id \d ddnh gid ihpc trpng hopt dpng STI Irong cdc truang dpi hpc di thay dupc ndng luc thuc tpi \ d vai trd aia cdc truang dpi hpc trong vifc gdn kei chuc ndng nghien cini - ddo ipo - sdn xudt trong hf thdng STI.
Tir khda: Hf thdng khoa hpc, cdng nghf vd doi mm: STI; Tnrang dai hpc: Nghiin ciiu.
Ddo tpo: Gidng dpy.
Ma sd: 15101501
1. Dan nh^p
Ngdy nay, nhilu quoc gia tren the gidi da nhin thiic ro tim quan tigng ciia ddi mdi vdi vai trd quyel djnh nang Igc canfa tranh ciia nen kinh tfi vi mgi tinh vgc deu cfaiu sg tic dgng mgnfa me cua tCH&CN. Cugc cdcfa mgng IG^&CN hifn dai dang Idm chuyfin bifin sdu sdc nfin kinh t l thl gidi, cdc quan hf qudc l l vd cdc hogt dgng cua xd hgi lodi ngudi. Chiln luge phdt triln cua cdc qudc gia deu dga tren co sd KH&CN, Uong do, dieu cdt ldi td pfaai ldm cfaii cdc tfadnfa tgu IGl&CN cao nfait can thilt cho su phdt tiiln ciia minh.
Cic CO sd gido dgc dai hgc Id mgt tiong sd nhiing thdnh td quan tigng uong hf thdng STI vdi cac chirc ndng dugc OECD md ta bao gdm: "gido dgc, ddo tgo, phdt triin ky ndng, gidi quyit vdn di, sdng Igo vd truyen bd kien thirc. phdt trien cdc phuang phdp ddnh gid mai, luu tru vd truyin tdi kien thuc '•'. Cac tiudng dgi hgc vd cao ding cd thfi Igo tiidnh cdc cgm hogt dgng sing tgo uong cgng ddng KH&CN, Id cdu ndi giira doanh ngfaifp, vifn n ^ i e n ciiu vi Nhd nudc hogc giiia cic qudc gia. Thanh td nay tiiuc hifn
OECD OSlXfnKyyaiH^Aao f^inh phi ihifchifn danh cho nghiat cuu cdngt^i cac i6 diuc giao dixdffi Ivc. tr 9,
Hf ihdng STI Irong cdc trudng dgi hgc Vifl Nea
chirc nang pfadt tiiln vd ddo lao cic nhi khoa hgc ti^, cung cip cho hg nhiing Icy nang eg thl, kiln thiic d l cd tiifi ddng gdp cfao nen kinh tfi vd tgo fating thii vdi ngtiifin ciiu Ichoa hgc vd ddi mdi cdng nghf. Hem hfit, diy Id cii ndi dk dio tao ngudn nfadn luc tre cd ky ndng, trinh dg cho doanh nghifp nhdm nang cao tinfa cgnfa tranfa vd linh hogt trong nfin kinfa tfi tri tfaiic todn cdu, fafi nfaap KH&CIN qudc te.
CJ Vifl Nam, die bifl Id trong tfadi ky doi mdi, nfaifiu van bdn quan tKfX\% vk dinh hudng chinfa sicfa pfait triln KH&CN da dugc ban faanfa: Ngtij quylt Hdi ngfai Trung uong 2 tcfaoa VUI (1996); Kit luin ciia Hgi nghi Trung uong 6 idioa EX (2002); Lugt KH&CN nam 2000; Chiln tugc phit tiiln KH&CN Vift Nam din nam 2010 (nim 2003); Chiln luge phdt tiiln ICH&CN giai doan 20t 1 - 2020 (nim 2012); Luat ICH&CN nam 2013 vd nhilu chinfa sdcfa cu tfafi khdc ve xiy dgng tiem Igc vd ddi mdi co chfi quan ly ICH&CN. Dgi hgi Dang tin thii DC dd chi ra ntiilu hgn chi co bdn ciia hogt dgng KH&CN hifn nay, trong dd cd: "Cdc viin nghiin ciru vd cdc doanh nghiep. cdc truang dgi hgc chua gdn kit vai nhau. Viic ddu tu xdy dung ca scr vgt chat - ky thugt thieu tgp trung vd dirt diim cho lung muc tieu. Cdn bg KH&CN co trinh dg cao tuy con it, song chua dtrgc sir dgng tot". Trudng dgi hgc ddng mgt vai trd quan trgng tiong vifc tgo ra cdc tdi sdn tri tufi (TSTT) bao gim cic sdng chl/kit qui ngtiien cuu vd qua dd se gdp phin tfaiic diy faogt dgng ddi mdi. C^uan difim ciia IPP^ cho rdng ctiia tchda de tfauc diy ddi mdi Ii gia ting sg liru tfadng, lien ket vd phdi hgp thuc hifn giiia cdc tdc nhan trong xd hgi, chii yfiu Id khoi thdng sg pfadi fagp, lifin kit tiong ddi mdi giiia: trudng dgi fagc/vifn ngtiifin ciiu vdi doanh nghifp v i Nhd nudc. Hf thong cdc trudng dgi hgc, cao ding d Vift Nam da cd nhilu tiln bg h'ong boat dgng nghien curu ICH&CN, trong giai dogn 2011 - 2013, tiiii hgng cua Vift Nam ve so lugng cdng bo khoa hgc dugc dua vao co sd dii lifu Web of Science da tdng ten vj tri 60 (ting 3 bgc so ydi gjai doan 2006 - 2010). Tuy nhien, hogt dgng khoa hgc, cdng nghf vi ddi mdi ciing nhu mdi lifin ket vdi cdc doanfa ngtiifp vd vifn nghifin ciiu cua khu vuc cic trudng dgi hgc dang ton tai nliilu tign chi.
Xet ufin phutmg difn nghien cihi d Vift Nam, cic ntid ngtuen edu, nhd pfain tich vd hogch djnh chinh sach KH&CN da cd nhilu cdng trinfa, bdi viet de cgp den cdc tchia canh nhu nhimg ton tgi ylu kem ciing nhu nhiing tiiinfa tgu tiong faogt dgng ICH&CN cua cic tiirdng dgi hgc... Tuy nhien, kfai xet vl hf tiling STI trong cac trudng dgi hgc d Vift Nam tiii chua phdn tich todn difn vd dua ra dugc nhiing nhgn dmh tong till. Do dd, tic gjd dd
ffP U Chuong tnnh Doi t»c W i mm Sing t«o (v,4t til tu innovation PaOmhip Program) U Chuong Irinh HA
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* T L . ^^ * • * ^ * I^"^ vi cai tbitn cac co ch^ hfi trp cho cic doanh n ^ « p kb6i ngbifp 66, mAi Stag •V>hii^gt6,Ui,t™dng quoc te IPP d i du(K tbirchifngiaidoan 1 (2009-2013) v i d w g t n i i l U - i eic bofi
JSTPM Tap 4. So 4. 2015 59
ngtiifin ciru tdng tfafi vl fae tfadng STI tron^ cdc tiudng dai tigc tu cdc du lieu ngtiien cdu ciia cic trudng: Dgi fagc C^uoc gia H i Ngi, Dgi tigc C^dc ^ a tfainh phd Hd Cfai Minti, Dai fagc Bicfa Khoa H i Ngi vd Dai fagc Tfadi Nguyen. E>dy Id nhung dgi difn cho cic khu vuc tiudng dgi hgc vd dugc dinfa gii cd nliilu trifin vgng uong hoat ddng ngtiifin ciiu klioa hgc v i ddi mdi.
2. Cic yeu t l trong bf thing STI cna cac tnrdng d^i hgc Vift Nam 2.1. Nguon nhdn life khoa hgc vd cong nghf
Ngudn nfain tuc KH&CN cua Vift Nam lap tiung cfau yeu d kfau vgc tnrdng dai fagc vdi 62.095 ngudi ctiiem 46,07% tdng sd nfadn luc ngfaifin cihl vd trien kfaai (134.780 ngudi)^.
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Nguon: Tdc ad tong hpp tir bdo cdo khoa hpc aia 4 tru&ng. DHQG Hd \QI. DHQG Thanh phd Ho Chi Minh, BH Thdi Nguyen vd DH Bdch Khoa Hd Npi
Bilu d l 1: So lugng nfadn Igc Ichoa hgc dgt trinh dg tien si/tien sT kfaoa fagc vd phd gido su/gido su (nim 2014)
Mgt thgc trang ktid phd bifin d kfau vgc trudng dgi hgc Id nhdn tuc Idm ngfaifin Cliu kfaoa hgc vi nhin Igc lam cdng tic giing dgy khdng cd su phdn bifl rd ring. Nhdn Igc giing dgy cung tham gia lim ngfaien cuu kfaoa hgc va ngugc Igi. Vgy nfin, khi ngfaifin ciiu vfi sd lugng nfain Igc kfaoa fagc ttii that Icfad dfi cd con sd eg tfafi.
d Dgi hgc Quoc gia H i Ngi, nim 2014, dfi ngu tien sT vi tiln sT khoa hgc cd 881 ngudi dgl ti tf 47% Uong tdng sd lugng nfain tuc kfaoa fagc, rifing doi vdi cac Ilnh vgc kfaoa fagc tg ntiifin, cdng n ^ f vi kinfa tl, ty If niy dgt tren 65%. Ti If nfadn Igc kfaoa fagc cd trinfa dd tifin sT dudi 45 tudi dat 25%. Dgi ngii tcfaoa fagc bao gdm 386 giio su v i pfad gido su ctiifim 20,5% ldng sd nhin Igc kfaoa fagc.
> Uiea l i Mu cut B« KHACN t h ^ g ke nim 2011
m thing STI trmg cic tnicmg Oai hpc Vifl Nam
Dai hoc Qudc gia Thtoh pho Ho Chi Minh c6 tong so can bp la 5.662 nguoi;' trong do, sd can bo giang day va nghien ciiu la 2-773 ngudr., so giao su/pho giao su la 244, s6 tito si la 1.054 nguoi va so cto bg nghien cuu 14 696 nguoi. Ty le can bo khoa hgc la ti6n si tro len tren tong so can bp nghien ciru va can bo giao due la 30,8%.
Dai hpc Thai Nguyen c6 2.895 can bp. Ty Ip giang vien trong bien che c6 trinh dp sau d»i hpc (tiSn sT, thac si) cua Bai hpc Thai Nguyen chiem 87/.
tang 5% so voi ciing ky nam 2013. Trong do, can bp giao due va eta bp nghien ciru U 2.100 nguoi (bao g6m 399 giao su v4 ph6 gido su, 703 tien sJ khoa hpc va tiln sy). Trong s6 703 tien sy khoa hpc va tien sy, cfi tren 459 nguoi la cac can bp dau dan uong cac Bnh vvrc nghien cuu khoa hpc va chuyfin giao cong nghe cua Truang.
Nhu vjy, trong hp th6ng c4c ttudng khao sat thi hai D?i hpc Quoc gia \i khu v^c c6 s6 lupng can bp giang d?y va cdn bp nghien cuu nhieu nhat ttong s6 cic ttuong d?i hpc. Trong d6, D»i hpc Quoc gia thdnh ph6 Ho Chi Minh c6 sd lupng cic can bp giang day va nghifin cuu co ttinh dp ti^en sy, tien sy khoa hpc va hpc him giio su vi ph6 gido su nhifiu nhat. Dieu ndy hoan todn phu hpp voi mpc tieu ciia hai D?i hpc Quoc gia Id tta thinh ttTiong dji hpc n ^ i e n ciru hang ddu cd nuoc. Da so cdc ttudng d?i hpc, hau hfit giing vifin se chu yfiu giang djy v i tham gia cic nghien cuu phyc w giing diiy hofc phit ttifin cdng n ^ e gin lifin vdi ho?it dpng tir van. D?i hpc Bich Khoa Ha Npi li mpt ttxing sd cic ttudng manh ve giing day va nghien Cliu KH&CN. Cac tnrdng dai hpc viing nhu Dai hpc Thii Nguyfin cung c6 se lupng nhdn lpc khoa hpc nrong doi, so vdi ba ttudng con lai ttiy Id thdp nhat nhung ngdy cdng cd sv thay doi ro r?t ve so lupng vd chat lupng.
2.2. Nguon dau ttr tai chinh cho hoft d^ng Ichoa hpc va cong nghf Nguon diu tu tdi chinh mi cac ttudng dai hpc d Vipt Nam nhan dupc hau het dfin tir nguon ngan sach nhd nudc chifim 82,17%, nguon ngin sich tii thdnh phdn ngoii nhi nudc chi chifim 17,83%.
Bing 1. Chi cho R&D nam 2011 theo khu vpc thvrc h i ^ vi thinh phan kinh te (theo gii thirc te)
rfoTi vi: ty VND Tlianh phJlB
k i n b t l Nliiiiiudc Ngoai nhi nuoc C6 von dau tu ouoc ngoii
Khu virc t h i ^ hifn Vifn, trung
l i m N C 2.303,44
7,58 0
TrirAng d9i h9C 760,59 165 0
H i n b cUoh, 776,61
0 0
Doanb nahlSp 446,95 614,68 315.38
Pbll«rl nhuin 0 68,55 0 Nguon. Bp Khoa hpc vd Cong nghf, Khoa hpc vd Cong nghf Vift Nam 2013
JSTPM Tap 4. So 4. 2015
Tfaeo tfaong kfi tai Dai fagc Qyioc gia ttianfa phd Hd Clii Minfa nam 2014, tdng kinfa pfai cfai cfao KH&CN Id 362.798 tiifiu VND, Uong dd, kinfa phi do ngdn sicfa trung ucmg c ^ Id 149.902 trifu VND chilm 41%, kinh phi huy dgng tu fagp tac trong vd ngodi nudc 58.796 trifiu VND ctiiem 16%, kinfa phi tir chuyen giao cdng nghf 154.100 trifu VND chilm 43%.
Bang 2. ICinh ptii ctia Dai hgc Qudc gia TP. HCM tii cic ngudn diu tu cho n ^ e n ciiu KH&CN nam 2014
Ngnla kinh phi 1. Tfr Trung utmg 2. T u bfp t i c Hpp tdc dja phuang Doanh nghifp vd hpp idc quoc li
3. Chayln giao cong ngbf Tdng cfng (1+2+3)
Kinh phi dvgrc cap nam 2014 (tr. VND) 149.902
58.796 44.071 14.725 154.100 362.798
Nguon: Bdo cdo hopt dpng nghien cdu KH&CN, Dpi hpc Quoc gia TP. HCM ndm 2014.
d Dgi hgc Qudc gia Ha Ngi thl long s l kinh phi hgp tdc trifin kfaai tfagc faifn cic de tdi tCH&CN hgp tdc tiong nudc dgl hon 38 ly VND (cfailm g4n 25%
kinfa pfai hogt dgng KH&CN). Ngodi ra, Dai hgc Qudc gia H i Ngi da Id chiic xiy dgng vd phe duyft 20 nfaifm vg ICH&CN cdp Nfad nudc tfaugc Chuong trinh Tdy Bdc trong nam 2013 vd 2014, tiong dd, cdc nhd kfaoa fagc Dgi hgc Quoc gia Hd Ngi ddu thau thdnh cdng 06 nhifm vg vdi tdng kinh pfai 51,8 ty VND.
IGnfa pfai cf^ cfao faogt dgng ICH&CN tgi Dgi fagc Thii Nguyen hao gdm tir cic ngudn: ngin sich nfai nudc, Icinfa phi tir ngudn hgc phi cua cac trudng, kinh phi lu cic hgp dong pfadi fagp nghifin ciiu tcfaoa fagc vdi cic dia phucmg, doanh nghifp. Ngudn kinh ptu chii yfiu van Ii lii ngin sdch Nha nude, tuy nhifin tiong nam 2014 ngudn kinh phi ndy bi giira rat nfaieu (chi cdn 1/3 so vdi cdc nam trudc).
Bing 3. Kinh phi tfagc hifn hoal dgng khoa hgc cdng nghf gjai dogn 2011 - 2015 cua Dai hgc Bdcfa fCfaoa Hd Ngi
Ekm vi: tnfu VND B i t i l df
Nlii nuoc Nghl d)nh thu Bo
Tong kinh phi 311.980 4.032.316
104.380
TSng kinh phi hS t r p tir ngin sich n b i nudrc
311.980 26.316 104.380 Ngudn: Bdo cdo KH&CN Truang Dgi bpc Bdch Khoa Hd N&i giai dopn 2006- 2015
Hf thdng Sn trong cdc trudng dpi hgc Vift Nam
Dgi fagc Bdcfa Kfaoa Ha Ndi cd kinh pfai boat dgng kfaoa fagc chu ylu tii ngdn sdch Nhi nudc. Ben canh dd, tnrdng cd ngudn kinh phi tu cic hogt ddng hgp tic sin xuat vdi cic doanfa ngfaifp (nhu nam 2008, kinfa phi tiiu tii faoat dgng fagp tdc cua Trudng vdi doanfa nghiep la 2.904.45 ttifu VND).
Tdm Igi, tai hdu hit cic tiudng dai hgc thi ngudn chi etunfa cho hogt dgng KH&CN Ii td ngan sdch nhd nudc. Su phan bo nguIn kinfa pfai niy cd sg khac bift gitra dgi fagc Qudc gia va dgi hgc viing (nfau Dgi hgc Thai Nguyfin). Phii ndi ring, ngudn kinh ptii chi cho cdc hogt dgng ICH&CN cua cdc trudng li rdt it va cfaua du dl Idiuyin khich thgc tiifin cac ddi mdi ve ICH&CN. Cdc hoal ddng cfai dimg Igi d vifc tfauc hifn de tai ngfaien cuu cic cdp dugc ddt bing. Su chu dgng ngtiifin ciiu dga vdo ngudn Idnh phi hd tig/tdi trg cdn rdt hgn chi. Do vgy, tit ylu ddn den hifu qua/ket qud hogt dgng nghifin ciiu khoa fagc Id khdng cao, chi thgc hifn dung kit qud nhifm vg khoa hgc dugc dgt hing. Icy kit, tinh than ngfaien cuu kfaoa fagc kfadng dugc dfi cao. Tuy nhifin, bfin cgnh dd, cdc trudng dgi fagc hifn nay dang cd nhirng no Igc d l cd the tg chu v i lim kilm nguon Icinh ptii Id cdc nguon thu tii hgp tic, cfauyin giao cdng ngfaf cfao cic doanfa nghifp, cic quy diiu tu vd keu ggi sg tfaam gia dau tu tii mgng tudi cdc doanfa ngtiifp, cic to cfadc ICH&CN tiong vd ngoii nudc nhdm da dgng hda nguon von ddu tu, ting nguon tcinfa pfai va ndng cao tiifu qud hogt dgng KH&CN.
2.3. T6 churc h^ thdng STI cda cdc trudng
Xet vl md tiinfa edu true cfaung tfal faf thong STI tiong cdc trudng dgi hgc diu cd cau true gdm: Cdc trudng dai hgc thdnh vifin/hogc cdc khoa trgc tfaugc; Cdc vifn ngtiifin cdu kfaoa hgc thdnh vifin; Cdc tnmg tdm nghifin cihi, djch vg vd ddo tgo; Cdc dem vi pfagc vg faogt dfng ngfaifin cdu v i ddo tgo.
Cg thl nfau: Dgi fagc Quoc gia tfadnfa pfad Hd Chi Minfa gdm cd: 06 trudng dgi hgc thdnfa vien; 01 vifn ngtiifin ciiu; 01 khoa trgc tfaugc vd mgt s l trung lam nghifin ciiu v i dicfa vu: Trung tam ICfado thi Tieng Anh, Trung lam IChio tfai vd Ddnfa gjd Cfadt tugng Dio tgo, Tnmg tdm Gido dgc Quoc phdng - An ninh sinfa vifin Dai fagc Quoc gia thdnh phi H I Chi Minh, Trung tam Dgi hgc Phdp, Trung tim Nghien cim vd Ddo tgo Tfailt k l Vi mgcfa (ICDREC)... Dgi fagc Qudc gia Hd Ngi gim cd: 06 trudng dai fagc thdnh vien; 05 khoa trgc tfaugc; 05 vifn nghien cuu khoa hgc thinh vien; 04 trung lam ddo lao vd nghifin cdu; 10 don vi phgc vy faogt dgng dio tgo ngfaien cuu. Dgi fagc Bach Kfaoa Ha Ngi gdm cd: 04 trung tdm ddo tgo vd ngfaifin cuu; 21 vifn kfaoa hgc tiidnfa vifin; 08 cdng ty ti^c thugc; v i mgt so don vj phgc vg boat dgng ddo tgo vi nghien curu. Dgi hgc Thii Nguyfin gim cd: 03 vifn nghien ciiu; 01 bfnh vifin tivc thugc Dgi hgc; 8 tiung tam nghifin ciiu khoa hgc vd chuyin giao cdng nghf, 01 cdng ty trdch nhifm hiiu hgn trgc tiiuf c tiudng thdnfa vien.
JSTPM T^ 4. Sd 4. 2015
Chung ta cd the tfaiy, trong sd bdn trudng ngtiien cuu ttii cd hai tmdng dai hgc cd cdc cdng ty trgc tfaudc li Dgi fagc Bich Khoa Ha Ndi vd Dai hgc Ttiii Nguyen, trong dd, Dgi hgc Bdch Khoa Ha Ndi Id mdt trong sd cic trudng dai hgc ddu tifin d Vift Nam cd md hinh VUOTI uam doanh nghiep v i cd sd doanfa ngfaifp true tfaugc ntiieu ntiit trong sd tidn trudng trfin. Pfaii ndi rang, sg fainfa tfaanfa cic co sd vdi chiic ndng ucmi tao cdng nghfi trong cic trudng dgi fagc da td mgt budc tiln ldn tiong vifc gin kit chuc nang n ^ e n Cliu - ddo tgo - sin xudt tiong faf tfadng STI. Ct budc diu, md hinfa ndy da dem lai tiifiu qud vfi nang cao nang Igc ciia ddu vdo v i ndng cao faifu qui ciing nfau cfadt tugng diu ra tiong chudi hoat ddng ICH&CN, trong tuong tai se tgo faifu iing lan tda dfin cac trudng dai fagc tcfadc.
2.4. Thf/rc trgng hogt d^ng khoa hgc vd cong nghf
Thdng 9/2014, theo bio cdo cua SCImago Instimtions Ranking, tiong sd 2.744 trudng dai fagc, vifn v i td cfaiic ngfaifin cihi trfin toin tfafi gidi, Vift Nam cd 04 don vj cd ten trong bing xfip fagng bao gdm Vifn Hdn lam ICH&CN Vifl Nam, Dgi hgc Qudc gia tiiinfa pfao Hd Cfai Minfa, Dgi fagc Quoc gia Ha Ngi vd Dgi hgc Bich Khoa H i Ngi.
Bing 4. Xfip faang cic don vi cua Vifl Nam tfaeo SCImago Dun v|
Vifn Hin U m KHSCN Vijl Nam D^i hoc Quoc Kia thinh phS H S Chi Minh Dai hoc Quoc Kia Hi NOi Dai hoc Bich Khoa Ha Noi
Hang trong nir6c 1 2 3 4
H^ng thl ffAi 1710 2.239 2.327 2.422 Nguon: Bdo cdo KH&CN Dpi hpc Quoc gia thdnh pho Ho Chi Minh nam 2014
Bang 5. Thong ke cdc chi lifiu so sdnh ndng Igc Icfaoa fagc giira cic don vi tiong nudc nam 2008
T T 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Cbi tieu Daura
Hop tic quoc te Chi so chuyen biet hoa Chi so chit luong khoa hoc Chi so xuit sic Chi s^ tic dong Chi so linh dao Excellence with Leadciship
DHQG HCM
900 SI.II 0 83 23.89 16.52 1.15 60.89 6.09
BHQG HN 731 60.6 0.78 2 7 5 7.36 0.82 48.84 0.67
BHBK H i N e i 610 54.59 0.8 24.59
8.89 0.6S 53.11 4.04 Ngudn: SCImago Institutions Rankings, University Research Rankings http://\i-wwscimagoir.com/research.php?rtuikin^ype=research&indicator=Outpui&seclo r=&counir=VNM&page=2&year=2008
Hf thdng STI trong cdc trudng dpi hpc Vift Nam
Phan tich ciia SCImago dua vdo cic tifiu cfai: (i) D^u ra (so tiai bio kfaoa fagc cdng bd giai doan 2007 - 2011); (ii) Hgp tdc quoc t l (pliin tiim sd bdi bdo cd hgp tdc vdi ddng ngtiifp qudc te); (iii) Ctii so chuyen bift hod (ctii so chuyfin biet hod cd gjd tri tii 0 (da nganh) din I (chuyen ngdnh)); (iv) Chi sd ctiit lugng khoa fagc (ti If sd bai bio dugc cong bo tren cic t^qi cfai tfaugc nhdm lop 25% tren till gidi); (v) Chi sd xudt sdc (sl bdi bdo dugc tiich din nhieu nhat); (vi) Ctii sd tic dgng (phin inh miic dg inh hudng ciia nghifin cuu); (vii) Chi sd tdnh dao (Scientiflc leadership: phan tram bdi bio m i tdc gjd chinh Id ngudi cua don vi, cd thl xem ddy Id "chi so ngi Igc"); (viii) Chi sd Excellence with Leadersfaip (sd lugng cic bai bao dugc danh gid xudl sac trong dd cin tig cua dem vi Id tdc gid ddng gdp efainh).
Trong bang xip hgng 702 trudng dai hgc fadng diu Cfaiu A nam 2010, Vift Nam cd 5 trudng, trong dd Dgi fagc Qudc gia Ha Ngi, Dgi hgc Quoc gia thdnh phd Hd Cfai Minh, Dai hgc Da Nlng, Dgi hgc Hul, Dgi hgc Can Tho dugc xip thii hgng 201 tiong nhdm tivdng tir 351 din 400.
Xfip hgng cua Quacquarelli Symonds - QS-Asia"* dga trfin cdc tieu chi sau:
(i) Danh tiing vfi fagc tfaugt, vl dao tao cfailm 30%; (ii) Danh lilng vl ngudi dugc tuyfin dung (sinh vien tdt nghifp dugc tuyIn dyng) chilm 10%;
(iii) Ty If gjdng vifin/sinh vien chilm 20%; (iv) Hf so trich ddn/ bdi bao khoa fagc chilm 15%; (y) Sd bdi bdo kfaoa hgc/gidng vifin chilm 15%; (vi) Ti If giang vifin qudc te chilm 2,5%; (vii) Ti If sinh vien quoc t l chilm 2,5%; (viii) Ti If sinh vifin tiao doi ti-ong nudc chilm 2,5% va Ti If sinh vifin ti^ao dli ngodi nudc chilm 2,5%.
Vi tri cic trudng dgi hgc Vift Nam Uong bdng xip hgng 300 tiudng Dgi hgc hing ddu Chdu A ciia QS-Asia qua cac ndm tii 2013 din 2015 nhu sau:
Bang 6.
Nim 2013 2014
2015
S&truirng 01 03
02
Tin Dai hoc Qu6c gia Hi NOi Dai hoc Quoc gia Ha Noi Dai hoc Qu6c gia TP. HCM Dai hoc Bich Khoa Hi NSi Dai hoc Qu6c gia Ha Noi Dai hoc Quoc gia TP. HCM
Thfr hfng 201-250 161-170 191-200 251-300 151-200 201-300 Nguon. (hllpjfmnv.lopwinferslnes com/univemly-rmkings/asian-imiversily- mrUngs/iOIS: 2014:2015) ' t r
n , ? ; S T L ! T ° ^ '"'SJ? '^*'* 1 i^'' *^ =!"'»*' * ^ dh. v4 Gito due iK g,« do N ^ o pMibtaH>ing,„l»„gc4cmi„saih5<il,ig,i,dSn8il,6, li»hicmgdp«ridllM»d4xipb„B.
^M
JSTPM Tpp 4. Sd 4. 2015
2.5. Ket qud hogt dgng khoa hgc vd cong nghe cOa cac tnr&ng dgi hgc Dai fagc C^dc gja Ha Ngi da td chiic thim dinfa fao so dfi xuit 34 nliifm vg KH&CN c ^ qudc gja (5 ntiifm vg dgc tap qua Dai fagc Qudc gia Ha Ngi; 2 nliifm vg Nghj dinh thu, 27 dfi tdi tiiudc c«; chuang trinh KC, ICX, Chuong trinh Tiy Nguyfin, Cfaucmg tiinfa Ndng ttidn mdi). Nim 2014, cac dfi tdi ngfai dinfa tbu, du in hgp tie quoc te d i dgt tdng kinfa pfai 50 ty VND. Ciuig trong ndm 2014, Dai bgc Qudc gia Hd Noi da cdng b l dugc 342 bii bdo tren cdc lap cfai Icfaoa fagc qudc t l cd uy tin tiiudc danfa muc ISI/Scopus, uong dd 50 tugng bdi bio ding Uen tap cfai qudc tfi tiiudc be tfadng ISI Id 265 bdi, da tifin tiinfa cfauyen giao 8 cdng ngfaf, 11 cfafi ptiim sinfa fagc va I bg cdng cg vfi ky tfauit - cdng ngfaf.
Nam giua mdl mdi trucmg tdnh t l ndng ddng, Dai fagc Qude gia tfadnfa pfad Hd Cfai Minfa da nd luc fagp tdc vdi nfaifiu trudng dai fagc, vifn ngfaifin cuu hdng dau thfi gidi thuc faifn cic cfaucmg trinfa ngtiien ciiu vd dio tgo nfain tgc tfaeo nfairng ITnfa vgc tcfaoa hgc vira tiifn dgi viia cd ktii ning img dgng trong xd fagi. Trong dd, tieu bieu Ii cic du dn hgp tic vdi MINATEC v i INPG (CH Phdp), Dai hgc California tai Los Angeles... Cung vdi dd, don vf ndy cdng hgp tic ril chgt cfae vdi 5 tgp dodn vd tdng cdng ty trong nudc ntiim ning cao ndng Igc ddu ra vd dau vdo vfi ctiit lugng ngudn ntidn Igc ciing nfau faifu qud faogt dgng KH&CN. Nim 2014, Dai fagc C^idc ^ a tfainfa pfad Hd Cfai Minh da cdng bo 3.038 bii bio/bdo cdo hgi nghj tifin tdt cd cdc Itnh vgc. So bdi bdo cdng bd tifin cdc tgp cfai trong vd ngodi nudc Id 1.147 tlii, trong dd <:d 48,5% (tucmg iing vdi 566 bii) dugc ding tren cac tap chi quoc te vi cd 30% trong sd dd (tuong iing vdi 341 bii) dugc cdng tid tifin cic tgp chi thugc danh sdch ISI. Trong sd dd, cd 46% bdi bio cd IF^ Idn hon 2 (tiic 128 bii); 82% (tuong ung vdi 281 bii) cd tic gii chinh li ngudi thugc Dgi hgc Qudc gia thinfa pfad Hd Cfai Minfa vi 47% (tiic 161 bii) cd tic gid faoin todn Id ngudi cua Dgi hgc Qudc gia thdnfa pfad Ho Cfai Minfa.
Cung tfaeo bio cio faogt dgng tCH&CN cua don vj, nam 2014, tdng sd don ding ky sing efal da dgt 85 don. Trong dd, sd don ding ky sdng efal da dugc c^p bing bio hg dgc quyen sdng chfi cfao 78 dem vi cd facm 100 sdn phim khoa hgc cdng ngfaf.
La mgt dgi fagc viing nfaung kit qua faoal dgng KH&CN mi Dgi hgc Thdi Nguyen dgl dugc rat ding ngudng mg. Trong nim 2014, Dai hgc Thai Nguyfin da chu tri v i trifin tcliai 10 nfaifm yg ICH&CN c ^ Ntii nudc (trong do cd 02 D I tdi dgc lap c ^ Nfad nudc; 03 D I tii ngtiifin cihi tfaeo Ngfai dinfa thu;
02 E)l tii ITng dgng cdng nghf sinfa fagc vd 05 De tii ngfaifin cihi co bdn do Quy Nafosted tii trg) vd 51 ntiifm vg khoa hgc c ^ Bg, trong dd cd 47 d l tai n^ien ciiu KH&CN, 1 nfaifm vu KH&CN fao trg cdng tdc qudn ly, chi dao nginli, 1 nfaifm vg qui gen, 3 dg in sin xudt tfau n ^ f m vd 1 du dn tdng
' ff U n K cu* long cic tridi din troDg c ^ tK> dli ISI vi»i 1 ^ w bii aia Iff) du dd
Hf thdng STI trong cdc tnrang dai hpc Vift Nam
cudng ning tyc ngfaifin cihi. Vl faoat ddng fagp tic tiding ngfaifin cihi, Dgi hgc Thai Nguyen dd tiiuc hifn 02 dl tdi ngfaifin ciiu theo Nghj dinh tiiu, 01 ehucmg trmh img dgng cdng ngfafi sinfa hgc, mgt sd d l ldi nghifin ciiu hgp tdc song pfauong, dgc bift cic cfauong tiinfa pfagc vg phit triln kuih te, van hda xa fagi cac tinfa tiung du miln nin phia Bdc vdi tdng kinh phi gan 71 ly VND. Dga uen bio cao ciia don vi nam 2014, Dai hgc Thdi Nguyen d i cdng^bo 904 bdi ufin cic tgp chi khoa hgc trong nudc vd 177 bdi trfin cdc tgp chi quoc te. Tron§
dd, Tnrdng Dgi fagc ICfaoa hgc (DH Thdi Nguyfin) Id don vi cd nhieu cdng bd qudc tl nhdt vdi 43 bdi, OTing dd cd 31/43 bii trong danh sdch ISL (Jua nhifin ciiu vd tfagc tifin hogt dfng ttiiy dugc Dgi hgc Bdch ICfaoa Hd Nfi la mgt trong nfaiing trudng tien phong vl cdc hogt dfng KH&CN trong khdi cdc trudng dgi hgc nim trong hf tiidng STI. Trong giai dogn 2011 - 2015, Dgi hgc Bich Khoa Hd Ngi tiln hdnh 116 dfi tdi cap nhd nudc vdi 22 dfi lii vi hgp tdc vdi trfin 10 doanh nghifp v i tdng cdng ty trong lmh vgc KH&CN.
Vifc chuyin giao cdng nghf tgi cic tnrdng dgi hgc thdi gian qua da cd nfaimg kit qui ril ding gfai nfaan, thiic diy phdt triln Icmfa tfi - xa hgi tiong boi cdnh hgi nhgp kinfa te tchu vgc v i todn cau. Mgt so tnrdng dgi fagc d i dgt doanfa thu cao tir vifc thuong mgi hda sdng chi. Nhu trudng Dgi hgc Bdch Khoa H i Ngi d i ky kit nhieu hgp ddng cfauyin giao cong ngfaf vdi nhilu tgp dodn, cdng ty ldn Uong nudc cimg nhu till gidi nhu Tgp dodn SUN Microsystems, Cdng ty cd phdn tidng den phich nudc Rang Ddng. Trudng dgi hgc Id ncri tgp trung cac boat dgng ngfaifin cihi, phdt trien cdng nghf vd ddo tao nhan tgc nghien ciiu Ichoa hgc. Xfit ve tong the Uong Icfaoi cic Irudng dgi fagc, chi cd mgt sd it tnidng dgt dugc thdnfa cdng trong hogt dfng chuyfin giao cdng nghf ndi rifing v i thucmg mgi hda kit qua ngfaifin ciru ndi cfaung vi faiu hit tgp trung d cdc ngdnh kfaoa fagc - ky tfaugt. iCfai dgl tiong sg ddi sinfa tfai con so ndy cfaua du ddp iing mgt phan nhu cau cua xa hfi, van dang d miic tifim ning c i v l chdt vd tugng so vdi cdc thdnfa phin tcfaic tiong chuoi tifin kit cua hf thdng KH&CN. Trong khi dd, d cdc nudc phdt trien, cdc tiudng dgi hgc vd cdc vifn nghifin cihi ddng vai trd quan trgng trong vifc trd thdnh cdu noi cung cap cic nguon Igc dau vdo (nhin Igc KH&CN, thdng tin KH&CN) v i tgo mdi trudng tiong giai doan ucrm tgo cho cic hogt dgng ICH&CN tiep theo. Diy Id budc vd cimg quan trgng tiong chuoi hogl dgng STI. Vifc gin kit chat che vdi cic tiidnh phin khic nhu doanh nghifp hay vifn nghifin ciiu tchdng chi giiip cdc trudng dgi hgc nang cao chit lugn^ dio tgo nguon nhan Igc KH&CN, md cdn tiiiic diy tinh img dgng ciia cic ket qui ngfaien cim khoa hgc vd phdt triln cdng nghf.
2.6. Thuc trang moi liin kh giira trudng dgi hgc vdi cdc thdnh phkn khdc trong h^ thong STI
Hlfn nay, cic tiudng dgi hgc cd nhilu hogl dgng KH&CN vd so lugng cdc dfi tii, cic hinfa tiiiic boat dgng cung nhu sd bii bdo dugc ddng tren cdc tgp chi qudc ll ciing da ting ten ding kl. Lgi ich mi khoa hgc, cdng nghf vd
JSTPM Tpp 4. Sd 4. 2015
ddi mdi dem lai da tgo nfin bg mat mdi cho khdi cdc trudng dai fagc, nang cao ning Igc, tifim Igc KH&CN ciia kfadi niy ndi rieng v i cua loan faf thdng ndi chung. Hem hit, su gdn kit gjua cdc vien ngfaien ciiu tfaugc trudng, cdc dem vj gidng dgy vd khdi doanh nghiep da dem lai md hinh lifiri ket mgng ludi dem lai cfaudi gji tri cfao faoal dgng KH&CN trong xu thfi hgi nfaap KH&CN qudc tl. Tuy nhifin, d nfaifiu tiudng dgi fagc, vin dang dien ra mgt thgc te l i hogt dgng nghien cihi cdn thira thdt, cac de tai chua mang lgi gia tri tfauc tifin c:ao vd chu yfiu van Ii cic de lai, dg in tfaugc dit fadng tir Nfad nudc, rdt it c&c don tidng tii doanfa ngtiifp sdn x u i t Cimg vdi dd, vifc qudn Iy tii sin tri tuf tiong cic trudng dgi hgc chua dugc quan tim dung miic.
Dieu ndy dan din mdt thuc tfi dang din hinfa tfainfa d nhifiu tnrdng dgi fagc, Ii cic faogt ddng chuyen giao cdng nghf trong trudng cfaua tgo dgng Igc thu hut can bg tham gia, chua cd td churc cd du ning luc cfauyfin mdn diing ra qudn ly, dua vdo sdn xudt, Icinfa doanfa. Viec gin kfit gidng vien, nfad tcfaoa tigc vdi faoat dgng ngtiifin cihi tcfaoa fagc tiong difiu kifn ngudn kinh phi cdn nhilu hgn chi thi vifc cdc trudng dgi hgc hgp tdc vdi doanh ngfaifp Id gidi phip quan trgng. Kfadng cfai Ii vific cic trudng cung cap nfadn tgc, chuyfin giao ket qud ngtiien ciiu khoa hgc vdo sdn xuat, lao tip mgt mdi trudng
"hinh" Iy tudng sau vifc "hgc" trfin sich vd cho sinh vifin md cdn Id sg hudng lgi nhuan, tdng sire cgnh tranfa cfao doanh nghifp lii vifc dua vdo sdn xuit, dp dgng nhirng kit qua nghifin ciiu khoa hgc. Cho dii din nay, hau het cdc trudng dai hgc dfiu da cd cic h^ phgn chuyfin trdch quan Iy cdc hogt dgng nghifin cihi Icfaoa hgc vi chuyen giao cdng n ^ f hay vifc tiinfa tfainfa cdc doanfa ngfaifp uom tgo cdng ngfaf tiong trudng nfaung nhifim vg, chiic ndng chi Id qudn ly cfaung vd cfaua trifin Icfaai cd hifu qud, bii bdn vifc gan kit cic giing vifin, nhd khoa hgc vdi cac faogt dgng nghien ciiu nhdm mgc tieu chung tfaiic diy vi ndng cao hifu qud qua trinh chuyfin giao cdng ngfaf, tfauong mai fada ket qui nghien cdu tcfaoa fagc.
2.7.Ketlu$n
Tii thdi Lien X6 cii, Vift Nam v i cic nudc xa hgi cfaii ngliTa ciing d trong mgt tinh trgng tuong ti;: cdc trudng dgi hgc don tiiudn chi cd cfaiic ndng ddo tgo, cfaiic ning nghien cim khoa hgc hdu nhu tchdng cd v i coi nhu dd Ii mgt chirc ndng rifing bift thugc trich ntiifm cua cic vifn hdn lam. Tfaeo dd, tnrdng dgi hgc chi tham gia nghien cuu trong khudn kfad cdc cfauong trinh, d l tdi cua Nhd nudc d cic cip vd nhimg ngudi tham gia ngfaifin ciiu kfaoa hgc chi mang tinh Icifim nfaifm, ctiii kfadng mang tinfa cfauyen ngtiifp. Chinh dieu niy d i tdm him sg phdt trien vi kfit noi cfauc ning ngfaifin ciiu Icfaoa fagc v i dio tgo tiong cdc trudng dgi fagc.
Vi^t Nam hifn nay td mgt dil nudc dang tiong qui trinh cfauyin ddi. Bdn cfadt cugc cfauyen ddi dy. Id tii mgt nfin kinh t l do Nhd nudc dgc tdn chi huy tip trung sang mgt nln kinh l l cd nfaieu thdnfa phdn hoat dgng theo tfaifit chi
Hf thong STI Irong cdc tnrdng dpi hpc Vifl Nam
cua mgt nln kinfa t l ttu tnrdng. V i trfin thgc te, du tuan trong cgng ddng nghifin ciiu, cdng ddng giio dgc dang ndi len van de xay dgng "dgi hgc ngtiifin cuu". Nfau vay, cdc trudng dai hgc ndi rieng v i xa hgi ndi cfaung dang hinfa tfadnfa nfau cdu ket ndi giua chiic nang nghien cuu va churc nang dao tao de cd the ting cudng lien kfit vdi cdc tfadnfa pfaan tcfadc Id vifn ngfaifin cihl v i doanfa ngfaifp. Chudi gjd tri trong hf thing STI d Vift Nam dang dugc tiinh thdnh vd ddi hdi tat ca cdc thdnh phan dfiu phdi nd Igc phit triln nang luc ngi sinh v i phit trien cdc mdi lien hf ngogi sinh dfi pfaat trien he thdng, ttiich ngtii vdi xu tfafi fagi nhip KH&CN qudc t l . Tuy nhifin, xet rieng doi vdi khdi cic trudng dai hgc trong hfi thing STI, quy che cho mgt dgi hgc ngtufin cihi tiifin nay faodn toan chua cd, ngay cd ddi vdi cic vifn da dugc hinh thdnh trong cdc dai hgc nfau Dgi fagc Bach Khoa, Dgi hgc Qudc gia Hi Ngi,... Diy li vdn d l cdp thifit cdn dugc nghien ciiu vd bdn bgc tiong thdi gjan ldi./.
XAl L i f u THAM KHAO Tirag Vift:
I. D(u hpc Qudc gia H4 Ngi. (2014) Bdo cdo hopt dpng khoa hpc cdng nghf ndm 2014.
m^c liiu phdi triin 2015.
i.. D^i hoc Quoc gia thanh pho Ho Chi Minh. (2014) Bdo cdo hopt dpng khoa hpc cong nghf ndm 2014.
3. Dei hpc Thai Nguyen. (2014) Bdo cdo hopt dpng khoa hpc cdng nghf ndm 2014.
4. Dpi hpc Bach Khoa Hk Npi. (2015) Bdo cdo hopt dpng nghiin cuu khoa hpc giai dopn 2006 - 2015.
5 Dim Quang Minh, Ph^m Thj Ly, Phem Hifp. (2015) Khdi nifm dpi hpc iren Ihe gi&i dang thay doi. Ky yeu hpi thio: Doi Ihoai gido dye to4n c^u dien ra t^i Seoul, Hdn Quic. 26/02/2015.
Tiing Anh;
6 UNESCO. (1984) Manual for statistics on scientific and technological activities ST 84AVS 12. Paris: UNESSCO.
7. OECD. (2002) Propsed standard practice for survey of research and development - Fracasii Manual
8 OECD. (2010) Ministerial report on the OECD Innovation Strategy. Innovalion to strengthen growh and address global and social challenges. Key Findings T. OECD. (2010) Performance-Based Funding for Public Research in Tertiary
Education Institutions
10. Carlsson, R. Slankiewicz. (1991) On the Nature, Function, and Composition of Technological systems. Journal of Evolutionary Economics 1, pp. 93-118.
II. SCImago InsDluiions Rankings, Univeraity Research Rankings
http:/'www.scimagon.coin/research.php?rankingtype=rescarch&indicalor=Output&s ector=&countr=VNM&page=2&year=2008
