NGHIEN COU-TRAO DOI )
GIAI PHAP HUY D O N G
HI aor life cho
XAY Dl/NG NONG THON MCll
Hien viec huy dpng ngudn lUc cho phat triln kinh te - xa hoi d nong th6n xay dUng Chaong trinh nong thon mdi giai doan 2011 - 2013 da duac tang cU^ng v^ hoan thien.
Tuy nhien, ngudn von nay chUa ddp ijfng dUcfc nhu ^ cau thuc t§', huy dgng von tif doanh nghiep con th^'p.
Theo bdo cdo ciia Bp Ke hoach va Diu ttf, irong 3 nara (2011 - 2013), nhd ntfdc da huy ddng ngudn Itfc phdt tridn ndng nghidp, ndng thdn hdn 255 ngan ly ddng, lang 1,5 lan so vdi 3 nam trudc do. Ngoai ra, chUdng trinh cung da huy ddng dtfdc cdc ngudn vdn khdc: Vdn tin dung 231,3 ngdn Vy ddng (chidm 47,75%);
vdn doanh nghidp Id 30 ngdn ly ddng (5,96%) vd 82,8 ngdn l^ ddng huy dpng iff ngudn vdn ddng gdp ciia dan (12,97%).
Qua vide huy ddng vdn de tiiUc hidn ChUdng trinh cho thay cac ngdnh, dia phtfdng da tap tfung huy ddng dtfdc nhieu ngudn lUc de xdy dung ndng thdn radi. Tuy nhidn, vide huy ddng cdc ngudn lUc xay dUng ndng tiidn mdi chUa thu hiit stf tiiam gia lich cUc ciia cdc ting Idp xa hpi khdc. Dac bidt, chUa tiiu hiit dtfdc doanh nghiep - thanh phin gifl vai trd quan tipng tiong xay diftig radi lien ket ttf san xud't ddn lidu tiiu ndng pham, nang cao thu nhap cho
D Sd6-2014
i & ] THS. VU TH| THANH XUAN Boi Nong ddn Thanh Hoa
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nong dan. Nguydn nhdn cua van de ndy Id do:
Thii nhdt, chinh sdch dau ttf cho ndng nghidp, ndng thdn cdn bd'l cap, bidu hien: Nguon life dau ttf chtfa dap tfng yeu cau, cd cau dau ttf chtfa that hdp ly.
Thii hai, ngudn vd'n FDI vd ODA diu ttf cho xdy dtfng nong thdn mdi chua nhidu. Ngudn vdn FDI diu ur vao llnh vUc ndng, lam, thuy san ban che, nhd ca ve quy mo dU an vd i^
tipng vd'n diu nr so vdi vdn FDI vao cac ngdnh cdng nghidp va dich vu.
Thii ba, cd chd chinh sdch thu hul doanh nghidp va hd tip ngudi dan dau ur vdo ndng nghiep chUa du stfc ha'p dan vd hidu qua. Chinh sdch tin dung cho ndng nghidp ndng thdn:
Thu tue vay vdn khd khdn do bao hiem ndng ngbep mdi dtfdc tridn khai thi diem tai rapt sdlinh, chtfa la cdng cu giam thieu rui ro cho ngtfdi
Bdn canh dd, chinh sach lidn ket gifla cdc tiidnh phin kinh td, gifla san xua't vdi tieu tiiu ndng sdn d ndng thdn dii da dtfdc stfa ddi nhUftg vin cdn linh trang ndng ddn phd vd hdp ddng vdi doanh nghidp. Day la vd'n de ra'l phd bien nhUng chUa cd che tdi hffu hidu. Day Id nguygn nhdn cd ban khidn doanh nghiep ngai dau tu lau ddi vao ndng nghidp, ndng thon.
De huy ddng ngudn lUc dap tfng nhu clu thUc td Chtfdng tiinh ndng tiidn mdi tiong thdi gian tdi, can lap Irung ihUc hien cdc giai phap sau;
Mot Id, uong khi ngudn ngdn sdch nha nUdc r^t khd khdn. Viec huy dpng ngudn vdn tin dung cd vai trd het stfc quan tipng vi ngudn vdn nay se dtfpc quay vdng, sfl dung cho nhieu ddi tUdng... Vi vay, cin tiep luc htfdng dan khuyen khich va tao dieu kien tdi da cho ngUdi dan va cdc id chtfc kinh td vay vdn tin dung
irong Iinh vUc nong nghidp, ndng thdn theo Nghi dinh sd41/2010/ND- CP; ndng dan vay vd'n nham giam tdn tiia'l trong ndng nghidp ttieo cd chd tai Quyet dinh sd 68/2013/QD- TTg ngay 14/11/2013.
Lfu tien bd tri vd'n cho cdc doanh nghidp ndng nghidp, HTX ndng nghidp, cdc tiang tiai, gia trai va cdc hp ndng dan phdi tridn sdn xud't theo Nghi dinh sd 210/2013/ND-CP ngay 19/12/2013 cua Chinh phu. Thdo gd khd khan cho doanh nghidp trong vide huy ddng tin dung ndng nghidp, nong Ihdn, hodn thien chinh sdch va md rdng bao hidm cho ndng nghidp de giam thieu nil ro cho ngUdi dan va doanh nghidp dau ttf trong ITnh vtfc nay. Thdo gd nhiing rdo can trong phdt trien ndng nghiep, ndng thdn dd lao ra mdi trudng diu UT canh tianh, idnh manh cho doanh nghiep ydn ldm dau ttf vd phat trien.
Bo sung chinh sach thu hiit doanh nghiep, uong dd cd ca doanh nghiep FDI vao linh vUc nong nghidp cho phii hpp vdi dieu kien ciia liftig dia phtfdng. Bd Ndng nghidp va Phat tfien ndng thdn cin dd xual cac dd dn cu thd dd thu hiit ngudn vdn ODA, tiong dd ldm rd tinh minh bach u^ong didu hdnh, phan bd, stf dung hidu qua ngudn vd'n, cd stf theo ddi, gidm sdt va quan 1^ diu ra tffug khdu.
Bdn canh dd, khai thdng ngudn vdn lin dung dau lU cho boat dpng ciia cdc doanh nghidp gan vdi phue vu ydu cau boat ddng san xu^i kinh doanh cua ddn vi; cho ndng dan vay
vdn, huy ddng vdn diu ur phdt uien san xuaL. ThUc hidn viec gian nd tdi da 24 thang va ha lai sud'l dd'i vdi khoan vdn da vay; tid'p luc cho vay mdi vdi lai suat thi tftfdng tiiap nhl'l cho cac hp gia dinh, tiang tiai, hdp tdc xa, doanh nghidp phat tiien san xua't chan nudi, gidi md de cdp ddng, che bien thit Idn, ihii gia d m ; chd bidn cd ua xua't khiu. Dly nhanh tien dp cap giay chtfng nhdn quydn stf dung da't; nang cao chai Itfdng cua cdng tdc quy hoach vd quan ly quy hoach trong san xua't, che bid'n va tidu thu sdn pham ndng nghidp.
Hai Id, thUc Men xa hpi hod dau lU cac cdng uinh cap nUdc sach, chd ndng thdn, cdng liinh ihu gom, xtf ly rdc thai va rapt sd cdng ttinh cdng ich khae, nhat la dd'i vdi cac cdng trinh cd kha nang tiiu hdi vdn tii/c tiep. Day manh chinh sach thu hiit, khuye'n idiich cac doanh nghidp diu tu, lidn kel vdi cac xa ndng thdn mdi theo quy dmh.
Ba Id, huy ddng stfc ddn, vdn dpng nhan ddn ddng gdp stfc ngtfdi, stfc cua, hidn vat kien tnic, cay lau ndm, quyen stf dung dd't... xdy dtfng ndng tiidn mdi la htfdng di cd ban, Idu dai. Bdi vay, nhidm vu tipng tam ciia xdy ditiig ndng thdn mdi chinh Id phdt trien kinh te trong ndng nghidp, ndng thdn de ndng dan cd dieu kien ddng gdp xdy dtfng ndng thdn mdi. Thtfc td cho tiid'y, neu ktiih id dia phtfdng khdng phat Uidn thi ngudn huy ddng nhdn dan ddng gdp xay dtfng ndng tiidn mdi
^ NGHIEN CCfU-IRAQ D 6 I |
chii yen dtfa vdo stf ling ho ciia nhu)ig ngtfdi con xa qud cd didu kien hoac nhffng ngtfdi di xuat khau Iao dpng, ddn ddng gdp tai cho chii ydu la hien dd't, ngay cdng Iao ddng.
De huy ddng stfc dan xdy dtfng ndng tiidn mdi phai "nudi" stfc dan bing nhidu giai phdp; Trong dd, doanh nghidp ldm "ba dd" ueu tiiu san phIm cho ndng ddn, Nha ntfdc cd chinh sdch khuyen khich udu tiiu san phIm do ndng dan lam ra, nha khoa hpc tich cUc dUa lidn bd khoa hpc ky thuat vao san xuat ndng nghiep de cd san phIm cha'l lUpng cao lieu till! dupe tidn thi tfUdng.
Bdn la, tfu udn tiidn khai cdng lac long ghdp tdt cac ngudn vdn ttf cdc chUdng trinh, dU dn khdc tidn dia bdn vdi ngudn vd'n thudc ChUdng trinh ndng thdn mdi de phdt huy hidu qua diu tu. Theo do, ngdn sdch huydn, xa chii ddng can ddi, bd' tri idng ghdp, huy ddng mpi ngudn vdn hpp phdp khdc de thUc hidn cdc nhiem vu, npi dung xay difiig ndng tiidn mdi. Uu tidn ho trd tiiUc hidn cdc tidu chi cd thd tao ndn sU phat uien dot phd, cd tinh cha't lan toa ddi vdi sU phat tiidn kinh te - xa hdi tfen dia ban.
Ndm la, huy ddng cd hidu qua ngudn Itfc ttf dd'u gia quydn stf dung dd^t, cho thud dd't trdn dia ban dd lai cho xa dau ttf Ihtfc hidn ndng ihdn mdi Iheo quy dinh lai diem b, Muc 2, PhIn VI, Quyet dinh sd 800/QD- TTg ngdy 04/6/2010 ciia Thu Mdng Chinh phii.
Tai lidu tham khao:
1. Huynh Ngoe Diin (2011), Xdy dung nong thon mdi tai xa diem Tdn Lap. huyen Dong Phii, tinh Bmh Phudc;
http:/Avww.binhphuoconline.com/2011/07/
2. Pham Hd (2011), Xdy dung ndng thon mdi: hudng di mdi cho Qudng Ninh, Tap chi Nong nghiep, sdngay 30/11/2011.
3. Phan Dinh Hd (2011), Kinh nghiSm xdy dung nong thdn mdi cua Hdn Qudc; Bdo diin td Hd Tmh, Sdngdy 17/8/2011.
4. Viet Khoa (2011), Xdy dung nong Ihdn mdi d Tuyen Quang: Ket qud budc ddu;
http://www. tuyenquang. gov. vn
5. Vu Kiem (2011), Xdy dung ndng thon mdi d Thdi Binh; Tap chi Phdt trien ndng thon, sd thdng 6/2011.
