HirdNGT 6 I SV PHAT TRIEN BEN VCXG

KHOk HOC KINH T E I A QUAN L t N G A H H M 6

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"^OUnN LV KHni THAC VD SIT HORT DONG HI€U QUA CUA MO LO THIEN KHAI T H A C DA VAT UEU XAY DUNG

HirdNG T 6 I SV PHAT TRIEN BEN VCXG

GS.TS. TRAN MANH XUAN - TnmngDaihgc Mo-Dja chat NCS. HOANG CAO PHUONG - Tong cue Dfa chat va Khoang san

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i t dai vd khoang san cfi ich Id nhdng tdi nguyfn qu^ gia nhdt cua ddt nudc va Id dfng Iyc 6% phdt triln kinh t l cua mdt qufic gia, Vifc khai thde khoang san bdng phuang phdp If thifn cfi lien quan tryc tilp din vifc su dgng dit dai dung d f tfi chuc md va cae ddi tugng khdc cfi lien quan.

Theo kit qua dilu tra, dja chit va tham dd khodng san cho thay, Viet Nam Id qudc gia cfi tifm ndng ldn v l dd Idm vgt lifu xdy dung vdi tdng tifm ndng tdi nguyen da vdi la 1.754 ty tin, trong df dd vfl d l san xuit xi mdng dd dugc khao sat, tham dd cfi trO Iugng 44.738 trieu tin, dolfimlt 2.800 trifu tdn, dd Ip Idt vd dd granit co triJ Iugng 37,590 trieu m^.

Dya vdo ngufin tai nguyfn dd Idm vat lieu xay dyng da dgng vd phong phu nfu trfn, trong nhOng nam vO'a qua, nganh cong nghifp khai thde dd tdm vdt lifu xdy dung da duge ddu tu vd phdt triln mgnh me, khfing nhu'ng dap ung dugc nhu cau su dgng trong nudc ma cdn xuit khdu ra mpt so nudc trfn t h i gidi, Hogt dgng khai thdc dd Idm vft lifu xdy dyng cung da tao cong vifc tam va thu nhfp f n djnh cho mft bf phan tao dgng, trong df hlu hit Id tao ddng ndng thfin, lao dpng d nhO'ng dja phuang co dilu kifn kinh t l khd khdn; gfip phdn thyc hien chinh sdch xda dfii, gidm nghf 0 cua Bang vd Nha nudc.

Bdo cdo v l kit qua kiem tra, rd sodt hfi sa gidy phfp hogt dfng khodng san va kilm tra hogt dfing khai thdc khodng san tgi cde tinh, thdnh phfi true thufc trung uang do Bf Tai nguyen vd Mfi trudng thyc hifn trong cdc ndm tu 2011 dfn ndm 2012 yd ting hgp bdo cdo cua edc tinh, thdnh phd cho thiy k5 thuft khai thde dd, cfing tdc quan ly nhd nudc v l khodng san cOng nhu hogt dfng khoang san cdn nhilu thilu sft, bat of p. Vi vgy, vife nghifn ciju cdc giai phdp cfng nghf vd quan ly nhdm phdt triln bin vQ'ng edc mo khai thdc da vgt lifu xdy

dyng d Viet Nam Id mft yeu cdu quan trpng trong qua trinh phat triln va hdi nhdp cua nganh cdng nghifp nay.

1. Mgt sd vdn d f v f m i l quan he gitra cdng tac quan Iy va SLP hoat ddng cd hifu qua cua md Id thifn khai thdc da tam vat lifu xay dyng

1.1. Cac yeu cau di phat trien ben virng

• Khai thdc vd su dung cfi hifu qua tai nguyen khoang san;

• Sii dgng It nhit difn tieh dit phue vu true tilp cho cong tdc khai thdc cung nhu cae khau phg trp;

• Bao ve mfii trudng, giam din mdc tfii da anh huang cua khai thac mo din mfii trudng xung quanh khi dam bao cdc chi tieu mfii trufi'ng khu vyc theo quy dinh, tgo dilu kifn thudn lgi d l khoi phgc tai mfii trudng sau khi kit thuc khai thdc;

• Tuyft dfl dam bao an todn eho ngudi lao dfing trong hogt dpng khai thac va c h l biln khoang sdn;

•:• Dam bao san xudt cfi Idi, cd dfing gfip cho dja phuang nai cfi mo d l gfip phdn cat thifn ddi sfing tinh thdn va vdt chdt cho nhdn ddn ban dja;

•:• Hodn thdnh ddy du cac nghTa vg cua doanh nghiep dfii vdl Nhd nudc.

1.2. Ngi dung cdng tac quan ly hoat dgng khai thac khoang san

• Cfing tdc cdp mo: Cap Giiy phep tham dd khoang san, Glly phep khai thac khoang san (cfi thf thdng qua hinh thuc diu gia quyen khai thac khodng san hay khdng ddu gia quyln khai thdc khodng san);

• Clp dit: Dung d l t l chuc md vd cdc cfing dogn phg trg phgc vg khai thdc vd c h l biln khodng san (thdng qga hgp ding Oiuf dit);

• Thanh tra, kilm tra hogt dfng thdm dd, khai CONG NGHIEP MO SO 5 - 2 0 1 4

BO.

KHOA HOC KINH TE VA QUAN i t NGANH MO thSc vS bao v# tai nguySn Ishoang san;

•:• K i l m tra viae t h u c hien cac tieu clii bao ve moi t r i / o n g trong ban OTIVI hoac c a m l(§t bao ve moi t r u o n g ;

•:• K i l m tra viec tuSn thu cac quy trinh 1(9 thuat i<hai thac, l<y thuat an toan ap dung tai mo;

•:• K i l m tra viec t h u c hien cac c h l do ve bao ho lao dong va vi§c thipc hien chinh sach d l i v o i n g u o i lao dpng cua doanh nghiep mo.

1.3. Tinh hinh cip mo va thue dat khai thac hien nay va nhii'ng tdn tai

Mo hlnh c l p g i i y phep l<hai thac va cong tac cho thue dat hien nay co t h i mieu ta theo s o d l d u o i day (hinh H.1).

I Bp Tai nguyen va Moitruong |} UBND ccr quan cap tinh [

c i p mo ae khai thac

/ V

_Cap

khoang san

Oat cho khai thac

Dat phyc vucho khai thSc mo

- | Bat ae lam mat bang]

Dat ae lam Sudng giao thong npi bg

—I Dat de lam bai thai | Dat cho khu van phong va Wiotang H 1. Sadd cap giay phep khai thac cho cac mo Theo quy dinh cua Luat Khoang san, Bp Tai nguyen va Mfii t r u d n g chl edp phep khai thac v d i dfii t u a n g chinh la t r i j l u g n g khoang san va cdp t r u l u g n g d u a c phep l^hai thac phan bfi theo dien tich va cfit sau eua than khoang. Con d i t s u dung d l tfi chuc mo va phuc vu khai thac d i u do Uy ban nhan dan cap tinh q u y l t dinh theo hinh thuc d i n bu hogc thue dat cfi s u thoa thugn vdi n g u d i dang s u dung ddt thfing qua hinh thue h g p dong thue ddt giua ea quan quan ty nha n u d c v l ddt dai tai dia p h u a n g . Theo quy dinh cua Ludt Ddt dai, S d Tai nguyen va tVIfii t r u d n g edp tinh ky h g p dfing thue ddt dfii v d r t f i c h u c khai thdc mo la Doanh nghiep; Phfing Tdi nguyen va tVIfii t r u d n g cap huyen ky h g p dfing thue ddt dfii vdi cac h g p tac xa, ca nhan d u a c cap Gidy phep khai thac mo

Kho khan va p h u c tap nhdt trong moi quan he gii>a CO quan quan ly va doanh n g h i f p mo trong glai doan chudn bl t h y c h i f n d u an Id khong dfing n h i t trong v i f c c l p g l l y p h f p khai thde khoang san

v d giay phep s u d g n g ddt d e to c h u c m d vd phuc vu khai thdc m d , dac biet la phdn d i t dai c i n \h\k cho hogt dfing c h l b i l n v d phu t r g . D i l u nay'c6 lien quan d f n e h l tai d f n bO va t h u f d i t vi ngoai viec di^ac phep eua chinh q u y l n dia phuang con phai cd s y nhdt tri cua d o a n h n g h i f p hogc nguoi ddn dang s u d g n g phdn ddt m a doanh nghifp mo phai d i n bu hay thue.

Gid d i n bu hodc thue d i t hdu h i t khfing diing va t h u d n g thdp h a n n h i l u so v d i gid thj tnjdng, them vao dfi s u anh h u d n g cua khai thdc mo din mdi t r u d n g m d n g u d i ddn phai chiu tdc d f n g nen hp it man ma khi cd mat mdt doanh nghiep mo tren dia p h u a n g m i n h ,

Khi edp g l l y p h f p khai thac, c a quan cfi thdm I q u y l n chi can c u vdo ban t h i l t k l c a s d trong 36 j n g u d i ta xac djnh ranh g i a i tren mat cua mo ma | trong pham vi d d cd tai nguyen khoang san pli§n bo theo b l mat vd c h i l u sdu d a m bao chdt luong d l khai thac va v d i cong nghe khai thdc ap dgng c6 the thu hfii h i t . Ranh g i d i dfi d u a c gpi la b i f n glai phia tren cua mo theo d i f u kien ky thugt. Trong qua trinh khai thdc, v i dg khi t i l n hanh n f min 6k pha dd se xay ra hien t u g n g da vdng ra khoi bien gidi ky thugt eua mo d mot khoang each nhdt djnh va tgo nen mfit v d n h dai ddt bi thodi hfia do bi flat da vdng ldp. Ngodi ra, khi m d xufing sdu se tgo nen ddi cd kha nang t r u g t lo", gdy mdt an toan. Do v$v- trong pham vl cua do'i nay cung khfing d u g c phep t i l n hdnh edc hogt d d n g khde. C h i l u rdng cua dcri nay tuy t r u d n g h g p eu t h i ma q u y l t djnh vd du^c gpi la vanh dai an t o a n . Ktch thud'e ldn n h i t trong cac vanh dai dfi d u n g lam can c u d l d i n bu ddt dai khi t i l n hanh khai thdc m o .

T h u c te h i f n nay, d a n g tfin tai cae hinh thirc c l p gidy phep khai t h d c d u d i ddy (ca trung uang va dia p h u a n g ) :

•:• Giay phep khai thac d u a c cdp tren ca sd di;

an dau t u va t h i l t ke c a s d cua mfit mo cu t h i v^

d u g e c a quan cfi t h d m q u y l n t h d m dinh dya vao t r u i u g n g khoang s a n da d u g c ea quan eo UiSni q u y l n p h f duyet, eho phep huy dprig d l khai thac;

•:• Gidy p h e p khai t h d c d u g c edp khdng c f Dv an ddu t u va t h i f t k f c a s d , c h i quy djnh thai g i a n khai thae v d k h f i l u g n g k h o d n g san dufifC phep khai thae.

V i f e cdp gidy phep khdng cfi t h i l t k l c a sd nhif trong t r u d n g h g p nay dan d i n v i f c khai thdc tuy tien gay lang phi tai n g u y e n , pha hogi m f i tn/dng.

mat an todn lao d p n g va hieu q u a khai thdc thap.

Mat khac eung cdn p h a n tich d l t h i y nhOnfl nguyen nhan dan d i n v i f e khai thac tuy t i f n trong dfi cfi ty do v l ehinh sdeh edp mo d l khai thSc:

C l p mo manh m u n , dien tich nho, t h d i gian khai

CdNG NGHIEP MO SO 5 - 2 0 1 4

KHOA HOC KINH TE VA QUAN Lt NGANH MO

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thdc ngdn lam cho doanh nghiep md khdng t h i ddu tu thilt bi cung nhu cfng nghf d l tfi chuc mdt khai trudng khai thdc dung vdi nghTa la mft md If thien.

Khai thac bua bdi, khfing tudn thu cac quy tie an todn v l khai thac mo mft phdn Id trdch nhiem eua chu md nhung phdn khac cung khdng kem phdn quan trpng la do sy tuy tien thilu edn nhdc ede dilu kifn cdn thilt phai ed d l tfi chuc mft md khai thdc da Iam vat tifu xdy dyng dam bao an toan va CO hieu qua cua ca quan cfi thdm quyln clp mo.

Vi dg vife clp giiy phep khai thde cd thdi hgn dudi 5 ndm Id mfit trong nhung nguyen nhdn dfi.

Thdi gian tfn tgi cua md theo ban thilt k l da dugc thdm dinh la ea sd d l quylt dinh thdi hgn eua gidy phep khai thdc. Dfii vdi cac mo khai thac da vfii phgc vu san xuit xi mang thi tuli thp cua mo vd san tugng khai thde hdng nam phu thufc vdo cfing suit va tudi thp cua nhd may xi mang dugc thilt k l , Nlu nha may xi mang cd tufii thp 50 nam, dot hoi san tugng dd vfii hang nam vdi mfit khfii tugng nhdt dinh cfi cdn thilt quy djnh trong giiy phep khai thdc thdi han khai thdc giai doan ddu la bao nhlfu ndm, sau do tgi tilp tue gia han them hay khfing. Dilu ndy se Idm philn phuc cho ehu mo trong dilu hdnh, con y nghTa cua viec phdn ky thdi gian gidy phep ed hieu lyc vd gia han gidy phfp khai thdc khdng thf hifn ro va nfi dfing vai trfi gi trong cfing tdc quan ty nhd nudc v l tai nguyen khoang san.

Cung tuang ty nhu vdy d l l vdl cae mo dd khai thdc vgt lieu xdy dyng hay vat lieu chen phuc vg cho cac cfing trinh xay dung khde nhu nha may thuy difn, lam dudng, thuy tgi, cang sfing,.,., thdi gian tin tgi eua mo phu thufic vdo thdt gian cdn phai hodn thdnh eong trinh cfin khoi lugng da phai khai thac phg thufc vdo khfii lugng xay dyng cua cdc cfing trinh dfi, tue Id thdi gian khai thae mo dd duge khdng dinh vd gidy phep khai thac cin ddp ung yeu eau dfi.

Dfii vdi cdc doanh nghiep mo khai thac da tdm nguyfn tifu phue vg cho cdc cfing nghiep khae thi san lugng khai thde hang nam phu thufic vdo nhu clu cua thj trudng vd eo t h i thay doi. Do vay thdi gian khai thdc thyc t l cua mo cfi the khac vdi thai gian tin tgi eua md theo thilt k l , IVlo eung cfi thi tgm dung mdt thdi gian ndo dfi khdng khai thac do khflng tifu thg dugc san phim, Trong trudng hgp ndy, trong gidy phep cd t h i quy dinh thdi gian khai thdc eg the dgt diu vd gia hgn them thdi gian khai thdc sau df nlu doanh nghifp mo hoat dfng cfi hifu qua, ddp ung nhijng yeu clu v l bao vf mfii thfdng cQng nhu thyc hifn day du cdc nghTa vg dfii vdi cdc Nhd nudc vd dia phuang ma doanh nghifp mf dd cam kit.

Khi quyft djnh thdi hgn cho phep khai thdc dgt dau edn phai can nhdc ky lyang v l nhilu mat nhdm khuyin khich doanh nghiep mo dp dung cong nghe khai thac tifn tiln, cfi kha ndng giam thilu tac dfng din mdi trudng, thu hdi hit tai nguyfn trong pham vi duac clp. Do do thdi gian khai thac dgt ddu tfit nhdt nen lay bdng thai gian khdu hao thilt bj chu dgo cua mo vi du la khoang 8-12 ndm, trung binh la 10 ndm,

Dfii vdi cac gidy phep khai thde khdng cfi thiet k l trong do quy dinh trij tugng khoang san huy ddng vao khai thdc thi vfi tinh clp cfi thim quyln cdp phep khai thac da quy ^nh san tugng khat thac cho mo dugc clp; san luang khai thac hdng nam cua mo la mfit chl tieu kinh t l quan trong bac nhdt dll vdi doanh nghifp mo, nd duge xdc dinh theo nhu clu eua thi trudng va dam bao mo san xudt cfi tai, con thdi gian ton tai cua mo {thai gian cfi hifu tue cua gidy phep khai thac) phai dam bao tdn han thdi gian thu hfii vfin cho trudc.

Nhu vgy thdi gian khai thac theo gidy phep can phai quy djnh tren ea sd hogt dpng co hieu qua eua doanh nghifp mo, con khfii tugng khoang san dugc phep khai thdc phai tuang ung vdi san tugng hgp ly va thdi han thu hfii vfin,

Nhu vay dfii vdi nhung mo khai thde vdl quy mfi khfing ldn cfi t h i khfing yeu edu ehu ddu tu ldp du an dau tu va thilt k l ca sd nhung phai cfi ban tudng trinh neu ra cac tieu chi ca ban v l ky thuat va kmh t l tam can cu d l clp cfi thdm quyln clp phep. Nhung tieu chi do la, Logi khoang san dugc khai thdc; dia dilm va pham vi khai thae; eong nghf khai thac va dfing bfi thilt bj dy dmh ap dung, san tugng mo, thdi gian tfin tai cua mo, tru lugng khodng san xin clp phep khai thac; du kiln v l vfin dau tu, gia thanh va gid ban sdn phim, hifu qua kinh t l . -

1.4. Mgt so van de can hoan thien ve ca che quan ly hoat dgng khai thac cac mo da lam vat lieu xay dirng

•:• Tudn thu vifc quan ty, cdp phep khai thac theo chiln lugc, quy hogch, k l hoach dugc cdp eo thdm quyln phe duyet,

• Kifn toan lgi tfi chuc va hoat dfing cua he thfing thanh tra, kilm tra tfing hgp du manh tren ca sd "bang kilm tra" d l cac doanh nghiep thye hifn vife ty kilm tra, bao cao dmh ky vd bdo cao dft xudt;

•:• Xdy dyng chinh sach v l khai thae va su dung tdi nguyen dam bao quyln tgi hai hoa giua ca nhan vd tfi chuc hogt dpng khai thac mo vdi nha nudc, ehinh quyln dja phuang va ngudi dan sd tgi.

a) Quan ly theo quy ho^ch

CdNG NGHIEP MO SO 5 - 2 0 1 4 f ^

KHOA HOC KINH TE VA QUAN L t N G A N H MO Quan ty theo quy hogch td quan Iy cae hoat

dfng khai thde vd chl biln san phdm da xay dung trfn ca sd quy hogch da duge ca quan nhd nudc ed thdm quyln phe duyet. Ndi dung cua quy hogch xae dinh eu t h i khu vuc elm, tgm elm hogt dfing khodng san, khu vue khfing diu gia quyln khai thac khoang san vd khu vyc du tru tai nguyen qufic gia.

Cdn cu vdo quy hoach tfing thf phdt trifn kmh tl-xa hfii, quy hoach vung, quy hogch ngdnh va dilu kien cg t h i cua mfii dja phuang, can tiln hanh quy hogch cu thi mot hay mot s6 khu vyc khai thac vd chl biln da, tren ca sd tinh hinh phdn bfi cac toai dd nguyfn tifu, dilu kien dia hinh, dia chit va d|a chdt thuy van, du bdo v l tiem nang, triln vpng va thuc t l ndm duac trd lugng cac logi da cfi trong vung bao gom ca phdn dd ndm tren nui va ndm dudi mat dit. Tu nhung dac dilm dfi, dy kiln sfi tugng mo cfi t h i tfi chuc khai thac dfing thdi, quy djnh ranh gidi giua cac mo dam bao khi hoat dfing khfing anh hudng tan nhau, Nfii dung quy hogeh cdn thf hifn ro dy kiln tru iugng, san tugng, thdi gian khai thde va cfing nghe khai thdc eho tifng mo. Quy hoach trinh tu va tich dua vao khai thdc cac mo nam gdn nhau, quy hogeh dudng giao thong nfii bp eua khu vyc, khu vyc chl biln da, tieu thu da.

Day la can cu ea ban df cdp cd thdm quyln to chuc ddu gia quyln tham do, khai thac hodc clp gidy phep tham dfi khai thdc, tranh tinh trang xe te cac mo da eo tru tugng ldn va kfch thudc tdn thanh cac mo nho khong cfi dilu kien ea gldi hoa cho nhilu ca sd khai thac khdc nhau nhu trudc day dd xay ra,

Nhii'ng tfi chuc, ca nhan cd nguyen vong tham gia hoat dpng trong ITnh vye nay vdi iuc lugng con non ylu, tilm Iyc tai chinh co hgn cdn cd van dpng tuyen truyen va to chuchp lai thanh cae hap tac xa cd Idn hoae cfing ty cfi phdn cd t i m co' cfi t h i td ctiuc va duy tri hoat ddng mfit mo to thien tuang dfi Idn, san xudt eo hifu qua va an todn han.

b) To chtrc he thdng thanh tra tdng hgp tren casa "Bang kiem tra"

Cong tac thanh tra, kilm tra djnh ky hay dft xudt hoat dfing khai thac va chl biln dfii vdi cdc ca sd san xudt da Id nhtem vu thudng xuyen cua cdc ca quan cfi thdm quyen nhdm kilm sodt vd chdn chinh nhung bit cap xay ra trong suot thfi'i glan tfin tai cua mo, Cfing tac thanh tra va kifm tra cfi t h i phan tam ba giai doan cd tinh chit khac nhau:

• Giai dogn thu nhdt: Tinh tu tiic vife cdp gidy phep khai thac co hifu lyc dfn luc dy dn kit thuc thai ky xdy dyng ca ban vd dua mo vdo san xudt:

+ Can nhdc thu hoi giay phep khai thac nlu chu

dy an khfing dam bao thyc hien dung thdi gian bit ddu hogt dfng cua md theo quy dinh;

+ Kilm tra viec dp dgng edng nghf khai thac theo thilt k l ca sd" (trdnh tinh trang chu mo sw dung cfng nghe khai thdc tae hdu khfing dam bao an todn so vdi eong nghe dua ra trong ban thilt ke ca sd ban ddu duge duyet);

+ Kiem tra danh tinh chu ddu tu va su thay dfii chu ddu tu (trdnh tinh trang sau khi nhgn dupc giay phep khai thdc vi nhii'ng Iy do khac nhau trong dd cd ly do vu lgi - ehu ddu tu hgp phap lgi chuyin quyln khai thac cho ngudi khac, nhilu trudng fipp mo dugc "ban di ban tgi" nhilu tin vd cufii ciing phdn tai nguyen chuyin mgc dich sCr dgng du'oc edp da thay ddi cfing nghe khai thac ma ca quan quan Iy van khfing phat hien va xi> ty kjp thdi;

• Giai doan thu' hai - Giai dogn san xudt binti thudng cua md: Cfing tac thanh tra, kifm tra hogt dfng khai thac cua mo cfi tinh chdt tfng hgp ho|c ehuyen nganh do cac ngdnh: Tdi nguyfn vd IWoi trudng, Xay dyng, Lao dfng Thuang binh vd Xa hfii dam nhifm.

• Giai doan thu ba - Giai dogn kit thiic khai thde md: Kilm tra tinh hinh khfi phgc mfii trudng sau khi k i t thuc khai thdc theo d l xuit ban dau trong ban thift ke ca sd, thilt k l mo, cac bien phap khdi phuc mfii trufi'ng mdi phii hgp vdi dja hinh vA hodn canh mdi cua khu vuc da khai thde.

Nhdm dam bao cfing tdc thanh tra, kilm tra tien hdnh dugc thuan lgi, to chuc bfi may gpn nhg, cin nghien cuu xdy dyng hinh thuc kilm tra theo

"Bang kilm tra" trong do d l ra cde tieu ehi ehu yeu cdn kilm tra vdi edu tra 16'i cd trdch nhifm cua chu diu tu ghi trong cac fi "cd" va "khdng". Cae chu mo ty minh xem xet vd diln vao "Bang kilm tra" nhu 1^

hinh thifc tu kilm tra vd gui "Bang kilm tra" len cdp cfi thdm quyln qua tifng thdi ky theo quy djnh.

Bf phan^ kifm tra cd trdch nhifm xem xet cdc

"Bang kilm tra" qua dd nam dugc tinh hinh ho?t dfng cua cae ca sd vd tiln hanh cde dgt kilm tra dot xudt nhdm dua ra nhO'ng nhgn djnh vd hudng dilu chinh kjp thdi giiip cho cdc ea sd san xuat hgn ehl nhii'ng sal sfit, dam bao sy phdt triln bin viVng dli vdi ngdnh khai thde va san xudt dd lam vat lieu xay dung cua ddt nudc.

c) Xay dyng chinh sach chung ve khai thic va che bien da lam vat lieu xay dyng

Nhirng chinh sach edn hudng tdi:

• Khuyin khich cdc td chipc, cd nhdn c6 nguyen vpng tham gia hogt ddng trong ITnh vyc khai thac dd Iam vdt lifu theo hudng "tdng eudng sue manh" d l eo thf quan ly hogt dfng cac mo dd cfi cdng suit tuang d l l tdn, cfing nghf khai thdc tien tifn dam bao an todn, bao v f mfi trudng, t|n

CDNG NGHIEP MO Sd 5 - 2 0 1 4

KHM HOC KINH T £ VA QUAN Lt NSAHH M 6

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dgng cd hifu qua tdi nguyfn khodng san dugc clp;

• Dam bao hdi hda Igi ich cua doanh nghifp md, nha nudc vd dan d dja phuang nai cd md khi khai thdc nguon Igi cua qudc gia do nhd nudc quan Iy.

2. Kft lugn

Tif khi Lugt Khodng san, Ludt Ddt dai va Luft Bao vf mfi trudng, Lugt Tdi nguyen nudc ra ddi, mfli quan hf giua cfng tdc quan Iy vd ddi tugng dugc quan Iy trong hogt dfing khai thdc cdc md dd tdm vat lifu xdy dyng ngdy cang chat ehe han vd cung ngdy cang phue tgp do sy tdc dfing qua tgi giua cde van ban lugt, trong do khong logi tru kha ndng ed su xung dft lin nhau giua v i n d l cap difn tich mo theo ranh gidi tru lugng huy dfing va khai thac vdi vifc clp ddt cho hogt dfng san xudt cua md nhu da nfu tren. Hoat ddng cua ede mo khai thdc khodng san trong dd cd cdc md khoang san ldm vft lifu xay dyng chju sy chi phfi eua nhifu vdn ban lugt, trong dfi mfii quan he phuc tap nhit dang xay ra Id dilu kifn vd thu tgc cap gidy phep khai thdc cung nhu kha nang kilm soat eua cdc ca quan cf thdm quyln dfii vdi cdc hogt dpng khai thdc mo, Mfii quan hf dfi can nghien CLFU giai quylt theo hudng:

• Cf ca chf phli hgp ed hifu qua giu'a trung uang vd dja phuang trong vifc tgo dilu kifn thufn Igi d l cdc nhdn va t l chdc cfi du dieu kifn dugc tham gia hoat dpng trong ITnh vue thdm dd vd khai thdc khoang san trong dd cd dd Idm vat lifu xdy dyng;

• Cin nghien ciru vd dua vdo dp dyng hinh thirc "Ty kiem tra" hogt dfng cua edc md bdng

"Bang kilm tra" kit hgp vdi kilrn tra dft xudt cua cdc ca quan cd tham quyen nhdm kilm sodt cho duge ho'gt dfng khai thde mo, d|c bift ddi vdi cdc mo khai thdc dd xdy dyng;

•:• Xem xft b l sung d l tdi nghien cieu clp Bp nhim nhim khdng dinh hogc phu djnh cdng nghf khai thdc "cdt ting nho ehuyin tdi bing n l min".

Thyc chit cfing nghf ndy khfing tfin tgi tren thye t l md biln tudng thdnh phuang phdp khai thde thudng gpi Id "khdu ty do" gdy nguy hilm va mdt an todn cho ngudi lao dfng dang diln ra phd biln khdp cdc d\a phuang d mien Bac vd miln Trung;

• Cin ed quy djnh ddc bift bdng Thfing tu Bf hay lifn Bf v f dilu kifn khai thdc dd vgt lifu xdy dyng quy md nhd vd rat nho trfn ea sd khfing lift cdc d l i tugng ndy vdo logi hinh "md If thifn".

B l khai thdc cdc diem mo ndy cd t h i khfing c i n cf thilt k l nhung phai bao dam edc dieu kifn v l an todn cho khu vyc khai thac, cho cong nhdn Idm vifc.n

TAI LIEU THAM K H A O

1. Bp Tdi nguyen vd Mfii trudng (2009), Bao cao kit qua tdng kiem tra tinh hinh thyc hien cdng tdc quan \^ nhd nudc v l khodng san va hogt dpng khodng san.

2. Bfi Tai nguyen vd Mfii trudng (2012), Bdo edo kit qua tfing kifm tra cdng tac quan Iy nhd nude vf khodng san vd hogt dfing khai thde khodng san lam vft lifu xdy dyng.

3. Bfi Tdi nguyen vd Mfi trufi'ng (2010), Bdo eao tdng kit 13 nam thi hdnh Lugt Khoang san.

4. Bf Xay dyng (2008), Quy hogch thdm dfi, khai thdc, c h l biln va su dung khoang san Iam vat lifu xdy dyng o' Vift Nam din ndm 2020,

5. Cgc Dja chdt va Khodng san Vift Nam (2009), Oja chit va Tai nggyen Viet Nam, Nhd xudt ban Khoa hpc ty nhien vd Cdng nghf.

6. Thu tudng Chinh phu (2008), Quy hogch thdm dd, khai thde, e h l biln va su dgng khodng san Idm vdt lifu xdy dung d Viet Nam d i n nam 2020.

Ngirai bien t$p: Ho 37 Giao

1. Khfng ty cho minh Id thfng minh chlnh Id thfng minh. Ng^n ngOAnh.

2. Tri tuf cOa con ngud-l n l u khfng dCing d i n sf bj khf hfo. Da Vinci.

3. Tifu chl d6ng tin cCia tri tuf chlnh Id cd t h i phdt hifn k^ tich trong binh thuf-ng.

Emerson.

4. Con ngyf'i biln thdnh thfng minh hodn todn khflng phdl nhf- vdo kinh nghifm, md Id (nhd- vdo) ndng Iyc d l l phd vi/\ klnh nghifm,

\Bernard Shaw.

V VTHswutdmJ

CONBNGHl(PMd8tiB-2014