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TAI CING VAN l i A LAI l O M T I A N I Plli l l Cll MINI
PGS.TS. Huynh Trfng Khai ThS Ngayin Thi Hiin Thanh Sunnery
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Tim t i t
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•^ H^ ne^ d rui^c t a Vi^ r^lgn ahj th/c trfrq vil dU« r« cic ^ phip phit tri^ kHi ein th^4ict»^ thao tivoxuhuthqxIhOi hda lil rl(t cin tH^t vl r*ilim pMIt tri^ 11)^ vi/c
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Kinh doanh tii sin TDTT d Vidt Nam li mdt linh VI/C tUdng dii mdi. vide kinh doanh da phin mang tinh ti/ phit. manh dja phUdng nio dja phUdng dd lim ndn chua tiiil si/ cd hidu qui. kit qui nghien cdu sd chi ra nhihig tin tfi cin khic phMC vi nhihig thi manh cin phit huy nhim dat hidu qua kinh l i eao trong vide kinh doanh d llnh v^c niy.
Sl/ da dfng vi lof i hinh cung dng djch vy tip luydn TDTT d Tp, HCM di tao diiu kidn di ngUdi din tiiam gia tip luydn TDTT ngiy mdt ting, Vdi s i lupng ngUdi tham gia tip luydn khdng ngitng ling till nhu clu cd nhiiu sin tip.
phdng tip TDTT dip dng nguydn vpng cda ddng dao ngUdi din dang ngiy cing ttd ndn c3n thict.
VI viy. nghidn cdu ve kinh doanh lii sin TDTT phii xuit phit tir tidu diing TDTT li mdt ydu clutiii/eti.
Cung Vin Hda Lao Ddng Tp. Hi Chl Minh nim d ttung lim tiiinh phi. li ndi tip trung nhiiu ciu lac bd TDTT. cd lpi tiii vc dja diim, cd sd sat chit vi cd dicu kidn tot di kinh doanh tiii due tiii tiiao. Tu\ nhidn uude sU phit uiin kinh ti - xi hdi. trude nhu clu ngiy cing ting Clia ngifdi din. cin phii cd su cii tiin tiiudng
\uydn phuong tilde kinh doanh di phii hpp vdi ydu d u mdi dang dit ra li sd dyng dupe mpi
diiu kidn vi khi ning lpi tiiidi kinh doanh tii sin TDTT cd hidu qui. nhUhg vin dim bio tiida min nhu clu ciia ngUdi tidu diing vi cic djch vg TDTT.
pmrVNG
PNAPHsxain nrv
Di tii di sd dyng cic phUdng phip sau:
PhUdng phip phin tich vi ting hpp tii lidu;
PhUdng phip phdng vin; PhUdng phip chuydn gia: PhUdng phip diiu tra kinh ti; PhUdng phip loin hpc thing kd; PhUdng phip thifc nghidm xi hdi; PhUdng phip phin tich "tinh ttfng kinh doanh" SWOT.
Mil QuA NGHI£N CM VA l A i LUAN
1 Kit qui m i l l vil m i tpi vl Mrtii tM Tin vi k u diMh Ton
Diiu tt^ s i lupt ngUdi tham gia tip luydn cic mdn tiii tiiao ydu tiiich. Kit qui dupe ttinh biy dbing 1 vi biiudi 1.
Kit qui ttinh biy u«n bing 1 vi biiu di 1 cho tiiiy: Cd 08 mdn tiii tiiao du<k: ngUdi tip li/a ehpn li: Quin vpt, Bdi idi, Clu ldng. Bdng bin.
Bdng ri, Bdng chuyin. Khidu vd. Vd. Mdn dUpc ua tiiich nhl't li ( ^ n vpt cd 60/200 ngUdi chiim 30%. tiip din li mdn Bdi ldi cd 23/200 ngUdi chiim 23%, Khidu vd tiii tiiao cd 30/200 ngUdi chiim 15% vi tiiip nhat li mdn d u Idng cd 8 ngUdi chiim 4%.
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1 2 3 4 5 6"
7 8 9 10
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T - y l d % 23 8 P 4 13
19 9
Cic mdn khic 6 Tdng 1 200
' 65 9.5 4.5 15 4.5 3 100
Biiu di 1. Sdngdiri t^p theo mdn thi thao ydu thich nhi't
Thing kd Thu nhip ci nhin ngUdi tip luydn theo mdn thi thao dUl^c ttinh biy d bing 2 vi bie'u d i 2.
Td thUc l i niy di chi ra ring muin kinh doanh cd hidu qui trong Unh vdc TDTT thi cin phii nim bit dupc sd thich cia ngUdi tham gia tip d i cd hudng diu tu hpp ly vi trang tiuit bj.
dyng cy tip luydn ciing nhUc^bd,hUSng(in vidn_
Bing 2. Thu nhip ci nhin ngdW tip tbeo mdn thi thao ( n=200) Thu nhip
Dudi 2tt/tii Tir 2tt-4tt/tii Td 4tt-6tt/tii Trdn6tt/tii Cdng
Bdi ldi 13 14 12 7 46
Bdng b i n
4 5 4 0 13
Khidu vii
0 3 8 19 .30
V6 9 0 0 0 9
Q u i n v ^
6 12 16 26 60
Bdng r i
10 9 0 0 19
TMfm my
1 2 2 1 6
C i u Idng 3 2 3 0 8
Bdng chuyin
8 1 0 0 9
T.sd
54 48 45 53 200
Mux chuydn iDrtflJtrlfanMat
tra 4 irito - i trifa |Tr«Btli4ta
Biiu di 2 Thu nhip ci nhin ngddi tip tbeo mdn tbi thao
Thdng qua kei qui diiu u^ tfi bing 2 \a bieu tiiap. Trong 200 ngUdi dupc phdng vi'n Ihl cd 54 di 2 cho tiJfy s i ngudi tip dii ed tiiu nhip khic ngUdi cd tiiu nhip dudi 2 tridu/tiiing. 53 ngUdi nhau nhung diu cd ihi chpn li/a cic mdn thi cd thu nhip 6 tridu/thing. Diiu nay ed thi giii lhao khic nhau khdng ki tin chi phi cao hay tiiich tiieo yiu t i xi hdi. hidn irang ngUdi din
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ttdn dja bin tiiinh phi wy cd mdc tiiu nhip khic nhau. cd ty Id chdnh lech t|p luydn c i c mdn tiii tiiao mi hp tiiam gia ciing khdng tfii hidn rd rdt.
- V5. Bdi ldi, Bdng chuyin, Bdng ro chiS yeu li sinh vidn vi hp cung chi cd mdc thu nhip tir 2 din 4 tridu/tiiing.
- Khidu vu. Quin vdt li ngUdi cd tiiu nhip caoduieu/thang chiim s i ddng.
Tdm lai, qua dieu tra khao sit cho thay binh dd hpc vin, nghe nghidp vi thu nhip ci nhin cd mii tUdng quan vdi nhau. Cho tiiay sU tiiam gia lip luydn ciia cic dii tUpng ttf tiidc cd lidn quan din tiidi gian nhin rii ciia hp. Cic dii tUdng nhU hpc sinh, sinh vien, edng nhin vidn. vidn ehdc vi doanh nhin chiim ty Id eao trong vide tiiam gia lip luydn cic mdn thi thao
Tinh thudng xuydn ttong tip luyen thi thao dupe trinh biy d bang 3
Bang 3. Thdi gian thich b^^p ciia ngddi tham gia tip luyin (n=200)
E)dng cd tiiam gia tip luydn tiii tiiao tbang 4) E)dng cd tip luydn TDTT li nhdng yiu t i tim ly bidn dii thudng xuydn. Nhu cau dupc thi/c hidn phai xu^t phit td ddng cd \'i khi ning chi tti chi phi djch vy tin/c ti. \~i vay ttong ndi dung diiu tra, di tii di sip xip cac iof i ddng cd khdng tiieo mdt tt^lt tif di ngUOi phdng \in chi sau khi suy nghi tit ci cic ddng cd vi lidn hd ban thin d i xic djnh dui^ ro ring hdn. Kdt qua phdng \in ddng cd ciia ngUdi t|p dupe trinh biy tai bing 4. cho tiiiV hiu hi^t ngUdi tip TDTT diu cd ddng cd chii ydu li cin ting cUOng sdc khoe 112 V kiin chiim 56%, cdn If i 88 y kiin chiim 44<^ tiiam gia t§p luydn TDTT vdi nhiiu ly do khic nhau nhU: Si/ hip din cda mdn thi lhao 24 y kid'n chid'm 12%: Giim can 19 y kiin ngUdi chiim 9.5% die bidt chi cd 2 y kiin tip luydn TDTT do ning Idc v|n ddng yiu chiim 1%.
Bing 4. Ki't qua phing vi'n djng cd tip TDTT (n=200) IT
1
2
3
Ndi dung diiu tra Thdi diim
tip Sd lin tip trong tain S i thing
tipt«i Cung
Sdng Chidu Toi
1 lin 2 lin 3 lin 4 lin 5 lin 6 thing
12 tiling 36 tiling
Sdngddi 76 82 42 42 112 46 35 75 9<)
Tyld % 38 41 21 21 56 23 17.5 37,5 45,0 Tfi bang 3. cho tiily s i ngudi tap tir 12 tiling din u*n 36 tiling chiim 82,5% (165 ngUdi) \ i s i ngudi tip 3 lin ttong luin chidm 56% (112 ngudi), tip 4 lin irong tuan vi 2 lin trong tuin tUdng dUdng nhau 23** (46 ngUdi) vi 21% (42 ngUdi). Qua diiu trz cho tiiify viec tiiam gia tip luven eiia ngUdi tip co khic nhau d cic ngiy ttong luin NU ngiy cuii luin, nhin chung hp cd tiidi gian nhin rii tir 5 din 8 gid trong tuin di tiiam gia tip luydn cic mdn tiii tiuo li/a ehpn.
Tdm ifi, tinh tiiUdng xuydn vi in djnh ttong tip luven TDTT gin liin vdi tiidi gian nhin rii cua ngudi t|p. Div li cd sd di CVHLD tham khio cho vide ti ehdc cac hof t ddng TDTT vi xay d|/ng cic hoat ddng phii hdp vdi vdi diiu kien gid tip ttong ngiy cua ngUdi tip Nhdng s i hcu Ifi bing 3.2 ttdn diy cho tiily si/in dinh vi tiiudng vuydn ttong lip luydn li tien di lim Ung trudng doanh tiiu eho CVHLD.
TT DOng cd tip TDTT
8
Sdy kid'n Sdhaip din ciia m&n Ihi tJMO Ning li/c v$n ddng ydu T^ng cUdng sdc khde
Hoin thidn cd the de lim vide
Cdng vide hing ngiy cing thing
Giii Ui tinh tiiin Lim dq) hoic giim d i r Anh hudng ciia ban bd
ii:
10 10 19 15
Ty
%
idrr
12,0 1.0 56.0
2,5 5,0 5,0 9,5 7,5
m
qua
9 I Cdquan ydu c i u | 3 | 1,5 Qua kit qui phdng vi'n 200 ngUdi tham gia tip luydn TDTT tiiUdng xuydn tai Cung \^n H6a Lao Ddng (CVHLD) Tp. HCM, cd thi khing djnh da s i ngUdi tip nhin tiidc dUpe Ipi ich vi tim quan ttx?ng ciia l i p luydn TDTT, dinh mOl phin tiidi gian nhin rii d i tiiam gia tip vin ddng tiiUgiin. Uing cUdng sdc khde cho bin tiiin, Cdn nhdng yiu t i khic chiim ty Id thip coi nhU yiu t i phy khdng cd y nghia trong diiu tra.
Gii v i chit lupng cung dng djch vy (bing 5) Kit qui dupe uinh biy tai bing S.
Vi cd ,sd vil chit cd tdi 75/200 chiim 37.50*
ngudi dupe hdi khing djnh chUf tit; v i hUdng din vidn phyc vu tip luydn cd ldi 64/200 chiim 32% ngudi dupe hoi khing djnh chua tot: v i tiidi gian tip cd ldi 55/200 chiim 27.50% ngUdi dUpc hdi khing djnh chua phii hpp; v i chit lupng djch vu cd tdi 48/200 chiim 24% ngudi dupc hii
khing djnh chua tit; vi p& djch \ix cd tdi 47/200 chidm 23^0% ngddi dupc hdi khing djnh chua phii hdp.
Bang 5. KC^t qua pbong vi'n vi dta, nbu^c diim kinh doanh TDTT t#i Cung vin hda hio ddng (n=200)
IT
1 2 3 4 5
Ndi dung
Cdsd vat chit Hudng dan vidn Thdi gian l|p Chat lupng djch vy Gia dich voi phii h0p
T i t (phi hpp) ding
v 125 136 145 142 153
tyld
% 62.50 68.00 72.50 71,00 76.50
Khdng t i t (Ichdng phu
hifp) ding
75 64 55 48 47
Tyld
% 37,50 32,00 27,50 24.00 23,50
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\ Qua kit qui phdng vin ndu U^n kit hpp ting hpp y kiin gdp y ghi trong phiiu diiu tra cd thi nit ra nhin xdt sau:
1. Sin bii. dyng cu. trang thiit bj cung dng lip luydn TDTT v Ua thiiu vda kdm chit lUpng.
Sin bii tip luydn di xuing d p nhung chua dupe sda chda kjp thdi: Nhi lip da ning. hi bdi, san quin vpt...
2. Doi ngfl huin luydn vidn. hUdng din vien vi phyc vy V ien tuy cd chuydn mdn TDTT nhung ky ning djch vy vi chim sdc ngUdi tip cdn nhiiu mil veu trong khiu giao liip. xd ly tinh huing... Vidy: Ky tiiuit ddng tic Khidu vii. Thi dye thim my. Bdi ldi thudng bj phin nin ve it giang giii ky tiiuit.
3. Thdi gian cung ihig djch vu chua phO hpp vdi thdi gian nhin rii ciia ngUdi tip. thdi gian ddng. md cda de phye vy cho nhihig ngUdi tip chua hpp ly ndn chua tf o diiu kidn thuin lpi vi thu hiil dupe nhiiu ngUdi. Vi dy: Ho bdi miia hd qui ddng khich mi vin t i ehdc bdi thudng tn/c.
tiidi gian ddng cda sdm 19 gid.
4. Chii lupng djch vu vin cdn mdt s i mil ban chi trong qui irinh eung cip djch vy cho ngUdi tip: khdng linh hof t. chUa cd chi do h|u mii djch vy kem theo sau t4p luydn nhUgid xe cdn iiy tiin.
5 Chua mfnh dfn ipdyng mdt sd chinh sich giim gia cho liTng lofi djch vy dang kinh doanh nhu thay dii gii theo thdi diim. khuyin mii giim gii cho ngUdi cd nhu clu lap Iheo thing.
nim. cho cic dii tUdng la tap tiii. khuyen mai cho cic doanh nghidp ta i trp. dii tie v a cic ngiy Li idn ttong nim...
- Cic nhdm giai phip d i tii d i xui't gom:
+ Nhdm giii phip t i ehdc dieu hinh gim:
1. Nghidn cdu nhu clu ciia ngUdi tip.
2. Dau tUed sd vat chat, trang thiet bj phuc vu tip luyen TDTT.
3. Phil triin nguon nhin lUc.
+ Nhdm giii phip ve cung dng djch vu gim:
1. Nang cao chai lUl^ng cung dng djch vu vi hoin thien chinh sich gii.
2. Tiin hinh xiic tiin thUOng mai. quing cio.
tii trd the lhao.
R^T LaAN
Tren cd sd nghidn cdu ly luin ve kinh doanh lii san TDTT. kit qua diiu tt^ tinh hinh kinh doanh djch vu TDTT d mdt s i Cau If c bd TDTT tiiinh phi vi Cung Vin Hda Lao Ddng. d i tii xay ddng cic giii phip vdi 2 nhdm vin di: vi lo ehdc diiu hinh va phUdng thdc hoat ddng.
trong mii nhdm cd ca gidi phip ehuydn mdn nghidp ^u TDTT ci giai phip cung dng kinh doanh djch \if.
2. E>e ta I cQng nghidn cdu vi ed sd ly luin vi thUe tiin ciia hai nhdm giii phip dupe dinh gii li phii hpp vdi chinh sich phit triin kinh doanh mdi nhim giiip Cung Vin Hda Lao Ddng ed the tin dyng UU thi. vUdi qua thich thdc, ning cao khi n^ng cf nh tranh. md rdng thj irUdng vi ting doanh thu
TAI LI(H IMAM KMAO
1. LUdng Kim Chung. DUdng Nghidp Chi va cic cdng sU (2003). Kinh ti Thi due Thi lhao.
Tii lidu nghidn cdu vii giing day trong cac Trudng dai hpe TDTT. Nxb TDTT Hi ndi,
2. Chi tiij s i 17- CT/TW ngiy 23-10-2002 ciia Ban chl^p hinh trung Udng Ding vi phit triin tiii dye tiii tiiao Jen nim 2010.
3 Cuchepop M.E (1997), Marketing trong thi lhao d nude ngodi, djch Phfm Trpng Thanh vi Tran Am. Nxb TDTT. Ha noi.
4. Nghi djnh chinh phu s i 73/1999/Nd-CP ngiy 19-8-1999 vi chinh sich khuyin khIch xi hdi hda cic boat ddng ttong ITnh vi/c vin hda.
giio dye. y te. thi due the thao.
5. Biii bdc Tridu (2010). Gido trinh thdng ki kinh te, Nxb Dai hpc kinh tiQuic din. Ha Nou
