Thong tin khoa hpc cong nghe m o
DANH GIA KET QUA KIEM DjNH THIET Bl DIEN PHONG NO sdr DUNG TRONG KHfll THfiC THflN HflM LO
One of the factors causing gas and coal dust explosions is the spark ignition from the electrical equipment used at underground coal mines.
Therefore, cheeking and testing the explosion proof performances of electrical equipment has an Important significance in the prevention and reduction of the gas and dust explosions in the underground coal production
KS. PHAM XUAN THANH KS. PHAM QUANG THAI
Vipn Khoa hge Cdng nghp Md-Vinacomin
Mpt trong nhu-ng tde nhdn gay ra nhu-ng vg chdy n l khi, n l bgi than la do tia lu-a xult phdt tCp ede thilt bj didn su- dgng trong h i m Id. Theo thong kd, tgi Nhgt Ban, tCp nam 1950 d i n nam 1989, cd tdi 64% ede vg tai ngn no khi - no bgi than ed nguyen nhdn tCp tia lu-a dipn. Mdt so vg no khi tgi Vipt Nam eung ed nguyen nhan tu-ang ty. Do dd, vipe kilm tra, thu- nghipm tinh nang phdng no cua cac thilt bj didn cd y nghTa dge bidt quan trpng trong vipc d l phdng, giam thilu cdc vg chdy no khi, no bgi trong san xult than him Id.
Trung tam An toan Md - Vidn Khoa hpc Cdng nghp Md du-ge Bp Cdng Thygng va Tap dodn Cdng nghipp Than - Khodng san Vipt Nam giao nhipm vg kilm tra, thu- nghipm, c l p chu-ng chf phdng no cho cac thilt bj dipn tru-dc khi du-a vdo su- dgng trong md than h i m Id. TCP nam 2003, Tmng tam da bat d i u thyc hipn edng tac kilm djnh thilt bj dipn phdng n l bao gom:
kilm djnh kilu mpt so thilt bj mdi du-gc e h l tgo thCp tgi Vipt Nam, kilm djnh djnh ky cac thilt bi an toan va kilm djnh thilt bj phdng n l nhgp khau.
Trung tdm dygc trang bj hp thing ede phdng thl nghipm hidn dgi eua Nhgt Ban dam bao du dilu kipn d l ddnh gid tinh nang phdng no cua thilt bj dipn su- dgng trong md h i m Id. Cdc phdng thl nghidm nay du-ge quan ly vd vgn hdnh theo tidu ehuIn ISO/IEC
17025 vd da du-ge Trung tdm ddnh gid chit lu-gng thupc Ting cgc Tidu chuin Do lu-dng Chit lygng edng nhgn dgt chuan QuIc gia vdi ma s l VILAS 170. Trdn ca sd Tidu chuan Quoc t l IEC 60079, Trung tam da xay dyng bd Tieu chuin TCVN 7079 vd du-ge bp Khoa hpe Cdng nghp ban hdnh, lam eg sd phdp ly phge vg eho vipe ddnh gid tinh
nang phdng no cua thilt bj dipn SCP dgng trong mdi trydng khi md than.
Vdi trang thilt bj, eg sd vat vd ddi ngu edn bp ky thudt hipn nay, Trung tam An todn Md cd du dilu kipn, kha nang kiem djnh ede thilt bj didn su- dgng trong mdl tru-dng khi no vdi cdo dgng bao vp gom: d- thilt bj cd vd khdng xuydn no;
q- thilt bj do d i y eat; e- thilt bj tang cu-dng dp tin egy; i- thilt bj an todn tia lu-a; m- thilt bj do d i y chit bao phu, v.v.
Hipn nay, s l lu-gng thiet bj dipn phdng no du-gc kilm djnh tgi Trung tdm ngdy mdt tang d l ddp u-ng ydu olu md rpng
S6 lu>9'ng thi6t bj eirqtc ki4m djnh ki4u, mlu 30
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NSm Nam N§m NSm Nam Nam Nam N§m Nam 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Hinh 1. Tong hap thiit bj kiim djnh kiiu, mau 2003-2011 KHCNM s d 11/2011* AN TOAN M 6
w Thong tin khoa hpc cong nghe m o
Kidm djnh hing h6a xuitt nh^lp khiu 25,000
20,000
15.000
10,000
5,000
• V«tlltu
• Dtn etc lof I
^A ic quy D etc lo»l Uiltl
b| phAng ni
Nam 2007 Nam 2008 N3m 2009 Nftn 2010 Nam 2011
Hinh 2. Tong hgp thiit bj hdng hod nhpp khiu dwgx: kiem djnh giai do^n 2007-2011
T i n g liVQng t h i i t bj dif^v k i i m djnh
Nam Nam Nam Nam Ndm Nam Nam Nam Nam 2003 2004 2005 2000 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Hinh 3. Tong hgp thiit bj hdng hod dirgx:
kiim djnh giai do^n 2003-2011 Bdng 1. Tong hgp cdc thiit bj kiim djnh djnh ky tir ndm 2005 din ndm 2011
TT
1 2 3 4
Ten thilt bj Mdy do khi cdc loai
Mdy b i n min Mdy do gid Mdy do didn trd kip
Tong cdng
Dan vj Cdi Cdi Cdi Cdi
Ndm 2005 1.369 165
89
1,623
Ndm 2006 1.489 390 158 45 2,082
Ndm 2007 1.900 273
187 16 2,376
Ndm 2008 1,983 254
137 26 2,400
Ndm 2009 1,884 461 281 23 2,649
Ndm 2010 1,550 570 191 39 2,350
Ndm 2011 1,087 616 399 26 2,128
Cpng
11,262 2,729 1,442 175 15,608
Ghi chu
quy md san xult eua Tgp doan.
Ting hgp thilt bj dygc kilm djnh tgi Trung tam trong thdi gian tCp 2003 - 2011 du-gc t h l hidn tren cac hinh 1, 2, 3 va bang 1.
Qua cac bilu d l t i n g hgp d trdn ed t h l thiy, t i n g s l thilt bj dygc kilm djnh tgi Trung tdm tang r i t nhanh, dge bipt tu- sau nam 2009, s l lu-gng cua nam 2011 dy kiln g i p 6 l l n so vdi nam 2008, dgt khoang hgn 30.000 m l u , thilt bj (hinh 3). So lygng thilt bj tang chu y l u tCp nguIn thilt bj hang hoa nhgp khau, tang dpt biln tLP nam 2009 tdi nay, nam 2011 dy kiln tang
khoang 2 l l n so vdi nam 2009, dgt khoang 22.000 thilt bj. Tuy nhidn, so lygng thilt bj kilm djnh djnh ky bat d i u giam tCp nam 2008 (chu y l u la cac may do khi, may do gid, b i n min didn dung), s l lu-gng cua ndm 2011 dy kiln chF bing khoang 45% so vdi ndm 2008. Nguydn nhdn chlnh eua hidn tygng ndy Id do mdt s l md khdng quan tdm, thyc hidn dung quy djnh v l kilm djnh djnh ky thilt bj didn phdng no.
Day la v i n d l khd kilm soat, khd dam bao an toan khi su- dgng cac thilt bj do, cd t h l anh hydng tdi an toan chdy no khi, dge bipt la hipn nay nhieu md dang khai thac xulng sau, nhilu khi metan.
Qua qua trinh kilm tra, kilm djnh, Trung tdm da phdt hipn cae ldi cua nha san xult (ehu y l u cua mdt s l thilt bj gom:
cac hdp d i u n i i , nut bim dieu khiln, may biln dp khoan, den chilu sdng, v.v...) hogc nhu-ng ldi ky thugt khi su- dgng d i i vdi thilt bj kilm djnh djnh ky, tCp dd t y v i n cho nhd san xult va cac dgn vj su- dung cac giai phap khac phgc 6k nang cao tinh nang phdng no cua thilt bi.
Kiem dinh thilt bi didn phdng no tru-dc khi dya vao su- dgng hogc kilm djnh djnh ky ehl la bydc d i u trong qua trinh kilm soat an toan, vide kiem tra, kiem soat thydng
KHCNM s d 11/2011* AN TOAN MO
Thong tin khoa hpc cong nghe m o
xuyen, lien tue trong qua trinh SLP dung ode thiet bj nay mdi la bu-dc quan trpng nhat, quyet djnh den an todn san xuat. Tuy nhien, qua kiem tra viec SLP dung cao thiet bl dien phdng nd, tgl mdt so md khai thdc than him Id vdn cdn ton tgi mdt sd v i n de oin khic
phuc nhu-:
Be mat moi ghep phdng no cua cdc thiet bj cdn rd, ri nhieu.
Thilt bj cdn lap chung hai du-dng cdp trong cung mdt ong luon cdp.
Bu Idng bat chat vd khdng dung chung logi, vdng ddm chong ty ndi Idng khdng dung chung logi.
Khdng cd ca cau lien ddng an todn cua thilt bj.
Hidn tgi, so lu-gng ode thiet bj didn phdng no du-ge kiem tra, kiem djnh tgi Trung tdm An todn Md tu-ang ddi Idn, gdp phin quan trpng trong vide kidm sodt va nang cao an todn phdng chdng chdy no khi thdi gian qua. Tuy nhien, thdng qua cdc k i t qua kiem djnh tgi Trung tam vd kiem tra vide quan ly, su- dung ode thilt bj ndy tgi thye t l san xult da cho thdy mdt sd ton tgi cd nguy ca d i n tdi chdy no khi vd edn sdm khac phuc. Trdn ca sd phan tich cae nguyen
nhan eua nhu-ng tdn tgi tren, Trung tam An todn Md d l xuat mdt so giai phap nham nang cao mCpc do an todn cua cdo thilt bj dipn phdng no trong md than him Id nhu- sau:
1. Doi v&i cac dan vj che tao, su'a chira
- C i n tuan thu cdc tidu chuin ve thilt bj didn phdng n l da ban hdnh.
- C i n dp dgng hd thong quan ly nhim dam bao chit lu-gng san phim do minh san xult phu hgp vdi tidu chuin edng b l dp dung, quy chuan ky thugt tu-ang Cpng.
2. Doi v&i cac dan vi xuat nhap khau
Thilt bj nhdp khau phai du-gc cdng bo tieu chuin dp dgng.
- Thiet bj phai cd xuat XCP nguon goc rd rang, chu-ng nhgn hgp quy theo quy chuin ky thugt tu-ang Cpng lien quan d i n san xudt, san pham cuoi cung bdi td chu-c chCpng nhgn du-gc chi djnh hogc du-gc thCpa nhdn.
- Thilt bj nhgp khau phai du-gc kiem tra chat lu-gng tru-dc khi su- dung.
3. Doi vai cic dan vj sir dung Chi du-gc su- dung thilt bj da qua kilm tra, thu- nghipm.
Theo Quyet djnh so 4887/CNDDK-BCT, ngay 27 thing 12 nim 2008 cOa Bp trwang Bp ^ Cdng Thimng da cap cho Trung tam An toan Md thupc Vipn Khoa hgc Cdng nghp M d - f
^MnSGomin "Giiy chimg nhin du diiu kien kiim dfnh k^ thuit an toin thiit bj dipn diing trong mpi trwang cd khi va byi chiy, ni" vi dinh ky gia han sau 3 nam thyc hipn.
Theo giay phdp niy Trung tim An toin Md s§ thyc hipn tat ca cic djch vu kiim djnh "kieu", ' kiem dinh "mau" cho cic thiet bj xuat, nhpp khiu cung nhy chi taopxmQnum;.
kiem djnh theo quy djnh trong quy chuan ky thugt tu-ang Cpng do ca quan cd chCpc nang ban hdnh.
C i n loai bd, khdng su- dung nhu-ng thiet bj khdng dam bao ydu cau ky thugt, tidu chuin cdng bo.
Can tuan thu dung cae quy djnh eua cdc ca quan quan ly c l p Nha nu-dc, nha san xult trong qud trinh su- dung thilt bj.
- Can phoi hgp vdi Trung tam An todn Md ddo tgo djnh ky ndng cao su- dung an todn thiet bj didn phdng no.
Can phoi hgp Trung tam An todn Md kilm tra vide su- dung thidt bj didn phdng no.
Cdng tac kilm djnh, hidu chudn thilt bj didn su- dung trong khai thac ham md ddng vai trd quan trong trong vide logi bd tdc nhan gay tai ngn chdy no khf no bui than. Dk thyc hidn tot cdng tdc ndy cdn cd sy ehl dgo, thyc hidn thong nhat, nghiem tuc, phdi hgp chat che giu-a cdc ca quan quan ly, cdc dan vj su- dung vd cac dan vj kiem djnh nham tu-ng bu-dc gdp phan kiem soat, giam thilu v i n de chdy no khi trong san xult than hdm Id tai Vidt Nam./.
KHCNM s o 11/2011* AN TOAN MO
