nnuH niiC VA CONG NGHE MO
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^ NGHIEN CUU XAY DUNG MODUL DO LUdNG six DUNG TRONG H€ THONG TV DONG NOR
• • • •
CAC TUYEN BANG TAI MO
TS. DANG VAN CHl, ThS. NGUYEN TH^ LU'C TruFtmg Bai hgc Md-Bia chit
1. Dat van de
Ty ddng hda qua trinh Ithdi ddng h# thong van tai bang bang ehuyen gom nhidu tuyin bang da duoe dua vao giang dgy trong eac trudng dai hgc va tLPng budc duoe chuan hda. Tuy nhien, do dac thd cua ngdnh khai l<hai md nen quy trinh vdn hdnh cdng nghe ty ddng hda cae tuydn bang cd sy khac biet. Hien nay, bp dldu khien logic kha trinh PLC vdn duoe rfign nhu mpt giai phdp toi uu trong dieu khien va ddng vai trd nhu mOt bd dieu khien tap Imng.
Nguyen tdc khdi ddng cdc tuyen bang se anh hudng den sy lam vide on djnh cua he thdng. Trong thyc te ed the chpn vd su dung ede nguyen ly sau:
• Khdi ddng theo nguydn ly thdi gian (Tka: thdi gian khdi ddng cua 1 bang);
• Khdi ddng theo nguydn ly ddng dien {\sm.
ddng lam viec ddng co ddn dpng);
• Khdi ddng theo nguyen ly tdc dp (njc: tde dp djnh muc dpng co ddn ddng);
• Khdi dpng theo phuong phap to hp'p cac nguyen ly tren: Tka-Iam; Tka-nac; Um-'^sc. Tka-ldm-ndc.
Vdi bd dieu khiln tap trung SCF dyng PLC, vide khdi ddng hd thdng theo nguyen ly thdi gian thudng dup'c lya chpn bdi sy don gian, dd cai va ddt lap trinh. Tuy nhien, nhucc diem eua nguyen ly nay la khdng the dam bao de \sc=Um hoac ndc=nam.
Phuong phap ndy cung chi ndn dp dyng khi he thong ed ngudi van hanh va giam sat tai cho. Khdc phuc nhuge diem nay, eac nguyen ly dieu khien theo cac to hp'p nhu tren thudng dup'c chpn. Tuy nhien, cae to hgp tren cung chua t h i chac chdn va dam bao dp tin cay can thiet vdi mdt bd dieu khien tap trung ung dyng PLC. Trudng hgp chpn nguydn ly Tkd-lam. thi trong thye te cung khdng the ehdc ehan la tdc dp dpng eo khi do nsc^ndm, Hon nua, eac dai lugng iac va n^c se dugc do va giam sat lien tyc bdi cdc eing vao analog hole bO dim toe do cao cua PLC. Hien tai, eac tuyin bdng ehuydn trong xi nghiep md thudng rat ddi va dieu kien Idm
viec rat khac nghiet. Vi vdy, vdi mdt bd dilu khien tap trung thye hien ea chCrc nang do ludng vd didu khien thi he thong dieu khiln se rdt khd de Idm viec on dinh va tin cay nhu mong muon.
Xu the hi§n nay la cac he dieu khien dugc xdy dyng dya trdn he thong dieu khien phan tan (DCS). May tinh vd PLC dugc coi nhu bd giam sat va dieu khien tai trung tdm, cdc chuc nang do ludng, giam sat qua trinh, dilu khien eo edu chap hanh dugc giao nhiem vy cho ede modul do ludng ehuyen dyng va cac PLC tram. Tu thyc t l tren, nhdm tac gia nghien cuu de xuat ung dyng vi dieu khien (VDK) Pie16f877a+AC Current Transducer+
Encoder de xay dyng modul ehuyen dung do ddng va toe do ddng eo dan ddng bang tai. Kit qua nghien cuu dugc phan tfch, khang dmh bdi cac uu diem sau:
• Xdy dyng he thing dilu khiln phdn tan tren nin PLC giup toi uu hda cdc thudt toan trong lap trinh PLC, chuong trinh trd nen gpn nhe, tilt kiem dugc bp nhd eho PLC;
• Chuc nang do, thu thap va xu ly s6 lieu dugc giao nhiem vy eho eac modul ehuyen dung tn^dc khi gCri thong tin bao eao v l PLC;
*> Thuan tidn trong vide edi dat, hidu chinh thdng sd lam vide, cung nhu gidm sat qud trinh van hanh. Dae biet cd Igi khi xu iy cac sy cd bdt thudng ma khdng anh hudng din viec dung toan bd day ehuyin cong nghe;
<• Dd ddng trong viec phat trien, md rdng va cai tao he thdng ma khdng nhat thiet phai can thiep qua sau vao cac thudt todn dilu khien ehfnh cua PLC;
• Dam bao he thing lam viec on dinh, tang dp linh boat va tin cay eho hp thong dilu khien nhd chuc nang phan tan cua cdc modul.
2. Thiet ke vd xdy dM'ng he thdng
2.1. So do cau true va ihanh phan co ban cua he thong
So do cau true va thanh phan eo ban eua he thong dugc md ta nhu trong H.I [4], [6].
CdN6NGHllPllll6.Sd2-2Q16
H. 1. So dd ciu tnJc vi thanh phin co ban hi UiSng: ^ Nl: Network - Interface (giao dien m^ng); VO: Input - Output (cSng vao ra tren thiet bi) 2 2 Yeu cau quy trinh khoi dgng tuyen bang; [4] modul do ehuyen dyng, cd so do nguyen ly djg^
• Ty dOng khdi ddng lidn tilp cac bang theo J ? . " , ^ " ^ " l ^'^"^ ^"^V !l^.?ir*Pn, ehilu ngugc ddng van ^ u y l n vd ed duy S thdi P-c16ffi77aMC Cun^nt Tranducer+Er.
gian khdi dpng giija cac bang; " ° " 9 '^^•
• Khdi dpng bdng tilp theo ehi ed the tiln hdnh khi bang hay co cau keo bang tnjoc dd cd ddng didn dat ddng djnh mue vd toe dp bang dat toe dd djnh muc;
• Kiem tra vd theo ddi ttidi gian khdi ddng tai tram dilu khien, thdi gian qua trinh qua dp phai dam bao ty ddng kiem tra toe dp tCrng bang hay co cau keo bang;
• D l xult thudt toan khdi ddng tuyin bang thCr nhdt theo nguyen tae to hgp do kilm tra vd gidm sdt theo thdi gian-ddng dien-tdc dp dugc md ta nhu trong H.2.
3. Thiet ke xay dyng modul do dong va toe do ehuydn dung
3.1. Thiet ke so do nguyen ly [1], [5]
Sy phdt trien khdng ngung cua khoa hpc ky thuat da tao ra nhung thilt bi do ehuyen dung. Od la cae Card do ludng da kenh, da nang ed dp chinh xdc cao, kha nang ghep nli vdi mdy tinh vd noi mang,... Ket hgp vdi cdc phan mem SCADA, chung cd kha nang dieu khiln, giam sat thu Oidp du lieu, dap ung dugc hdu het cae yeu cau thye t l dat ra. Tuy nhien, nhirng he thdng ndy hien nay cd gla thanh cao va phy thude hoan toan cdng nghe vdo nhd che tao. Vdi myc tieu ndm bat k|p thdi xu t h i phdt triln cua ky thudt do, ehu ddng trong cdng nghe, phyc vy cdng tae dao tao thyc hdnh, nghidn CLPU khoa hpc, nhdm tdc gia da de xuat xdy dyng
CONG NGHIEP MO, SO Z - 2 0 1 6
H.2. Lifu di khai ddng tuyin bing so 1 ' 3.2. /.(ra chgn cac thiet bj trong modiM, /3/. r'
*> Bien dong di^n: cd nhiem vu bien ddng di|n ed tri so Idn thdnh dong dien ed trj so tieu chuai 1A hoac 5A, ddng thu cap eua bien ddng nay se cung cap eho dau vdo cua AC Current Transducers.
• AC Current Transducers: AC Qirent TranstittB dugc dung d l do ddng AC va ehuyen doi nd t h ^ tin hieu ra Oieo chuan cdng nghiep ti Id t h i ^ ^ dai lugng do dau vdo (IA hoac 5A). Tin hidu rou ra dugc chuin hda 0-20mA hoac 0-10V DC Vfl kha nang khu tap nhieu cao va tuong thich v d i » vao cho VDK, PLC vd cae he thdng hiln thj m^
KHOA HOC VJi CONG NGHE MO inh. Tuy thudc bien ddng va eac thiet bj xu ly di>
eu cho phep lya chpn linh dOng nhilu giai tin hieu ao ra, dugc md ta nhu trong Bang 1 vd nd di kem
theo Catalog cua thilt bj. Trong dd, moi quan he giua d i u vao va ra cua AC Current Transducers dugc chpn va md ta nhu trong H.4.
Bang 1. Bang thdng so chgn tin hieu vao-ra AC Current Transducers
Input Rangers
Measuring Range Overioad (continuous) Burden
0+5 A (Direct) 0+1 A (Direct) CRT/5 A CRT/1 A 0+1,2 In 2 xin
< 0,5 VA
<6 VA for Self Powered DC Output ''••'
Current Output 0*1 mA 0+5 mA 0+10 mA 2+10 mA 0+20 mA 4+20 mA
Load 0+10 k n
0+2 kn 0+1 l<fi 0+500 a
Voltage Output
0+1 V 0+5 V 1+5 V 0+10 V 2+10 V
Load
>1 k£2
>5kn
>iokn
.1
H3 Sado nguyen ly modul do ehuyen dung
dyng modul. Day la ho VDK 14 bit voi 40 chan, du manh cho dc ung dyng d muc 66 thong thyang vi rat p h i biln a thj tryang Viet Nam (xem H.5).
•:• Vi dieu khien Pic 16F877A: Dong VDK Pic (Programable interliigent controller) dyac sy dyng pho biln va yng dyng rong rai trong mpi ITnh vyc doi song xa hoi do cac tinh nang ky thuat vyol troi so vdi nhieu dong VBK khac. Dgc biSt d l i voi dong 16F877A da va dang dyp'c rat nhieu cac nha khoa hpc, can bp nghien cyu va sinh vien trong cac trying khSi k? thuat nghien cyu va hoc tap. Vi vay
nhom nghien ciJu da chpn dong VDK nay de x9y H.6. Hinh anh thuc ti cOa Encoder CONG NGHIEP MO, SO 2 - 2 0 1 6
H.8. Kit qua md phdng v&i toe do
*:* Man hinh hien thj tinh the tdng LCD (Liquid Crystal Display): man hinh tmh the Idng hien thi t i l t kidm nang l u o n g . Cd n h i l u loai LCD trong dd thdng dyng la loai 16x2 vd 20x2 vd chung d u g c thiet lap chuan, cho phdp giao t i l p vdi cac ddng VDK khac nhau.
*:* Thiet bj do toe Encoder: la mgt t h i l t bi dung d l do V! tri gdc eua ddng c o , thdng t h u d n g chung ed cd 2 loai chinh: loai t u o n g doi fineremental) va loai tuyet doi (absolute). Encoder gom nguon sang, dfa quay, cam b i l n anh sang va mach tao xung vudng. Encoder se tao ra cac tin hieu xung vudng
dgng eo tai diem do 166 vdng/phut.
vd cae tin hieu xung vudng nay d u g c cat ti> anh sang xuyen qua ranh. V d hai tin hieu xung ra lech pha nhau nhau 90''. Hinh anh eua encoder 3UQC
md ta trong H.6. j 3.3. Mo phong he thong do voi Proteus, [2}, /5/;
S u dyng b i l n ddng Tl vd A C Curr§lil transducers da d u g c tac gia t h y c hien tren md hinti t h y c nghidm eho k i t qua phu h g p vdi dac tinh cQa nha san xuat. Trong khudn kho bai bao nay, nhom tae gia chi t h y c hien md phdng tin hieu do l l y tiP cong ra cua A C Current transducer sau do qua e h u y i n doi A D C 10bit cua V D K va hien thj LCD, CONG NGHIEP MO, SO 2 - 2 0 1 6
ftnuH nOC VA CDNG NGHE MO md rdng ket noi RS232 qua cong COM cua may
tinh. Trong H.7 md ta ket qua md phdng modul do
|ddng vdi dilm do gia tri djnh mi>c ddng tai tren ld0ng CO thu nghiem cdng suat P=2.2 kW. Tren H.8 imd ta k i t qua md phdng cijng tren dpng co thu Inghidm d toe dp 166 vdng/phOt.
4. K i t luan
y tudng xay dyng modul do ehuyen dyng ddng dien tai va toe dp ddng co bang giai phap su dung biln ddng Tl, thilt bj AC Current Transducers, VDK Pic16f877a va Encoder da dugc md phdng chay thu tren phin mIm Proteus cho kit qua theo yeu cau dat ra. Cd t h i triln khai xdy dyng mach CLPng d l ung dyng vdo thyc t l khi thilt ldp hd thdng ty dpng hda dieu khien cdc tuyen v|n tai bang chuyin I d eac xE nghiep md.Cl
TAI LI|U THAM K H A O
1. Oao Van Tdn, Ky thugt so va do ludng dien I trong cdng nghiep md va dau khf. NXB Giao thdng I Van tai, 1999.
2. Nguyen Manh Giang, Cdc vi dilu khiln PIC.
Nhd xult ban KHKT, 2009.
3. Doanh L.V. Han P,T. Hda N.V. Son V,T. Tan D,V. Cdc bp cam bien trong ky thugt do ludng va dieu khiln. Nha xuat ban KHKT, 2001.
4. Ddo Van Tan, Nguyen Chi Tinh, Ty dpng hod qud trinh san xuat trong cong nghiep Md va Dau khf, Nhd xuat ban Giao thdng Vdn tdi, 2001.
5. Ernest O.Doebelin, Measurement System:
Application and design. Me Graw Hill, 2003.
6. Brian.R.Patrick.Chin, Computer Control in the Process Industries, Lewis Publishers, INS 1999.
Ngvdi bien tap: Bao Bac T^o
The paper refers to the application of AC Current Transducers, Encoder and microcontroller PIC16F877a to build a current and speed measurement modules.
Based on the technological process of belt transportation routes, the authors have set the measurement algorithm, structure diagrams, simulate in Proteus to confirm the research results.
NGHICN CUU THANH PHRN...
C7/ep theo trang 23)
• XLF ly loai bd sat vd cac tgp chat ed tu tfnh bang phuong phdp tuyen tu;
• Tay trang san phlm illit bdng cae phuong phap hda hpc md phuong phap tuyin co hpc chua triet de nham nang cao dd trang loai bd tap chat cd hai trong san pham;
<* Lpe, say san phlm quang tinh sau qud trinh c h l biln.
Oe nang eao gid til cung nhu chat lugng san phlm illit d l irng dung eho nganh nhu my pham thi cd the tiln hanh phuong phap tuyin nli d l thu san phlm cd chit lugng cao.
5. Ket luan
Illit la mpt khoang san mdi d Viet Nam, chua ed don vj nao di vdo nghien cuu cdng nghe che biln vi vdy ddy la mot hudng phdt triln tuong d l i mdi d nude ta.
Kit qua phdn tich thanh phan khoang vat cho thay frong quang chu ylu Id illit vd thgch anh, khoang vat chCra sat van cdn tuong doi nhieu; dieu nay cung gdy anh hudng tdi eac ung dyng cua san pham illit.
Xii ly" qugng illit bang phuong phap tuyen trpng lye phan tach chung ra thdnh cac cap hgt sau dd kit hgp phuong phap tuyen tiF, hda tuyen. D l Crng dung cho cac nganh cao elp thi ed t h i tiln hanh phuong phdp tuyin noi nham thu dugc san pham cd chit lugng tot.n
TAI LIEU THAM K H A O 1. https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/lllit 2. http://www.mindatorg/min-2011 .html 3. http://webmineral.eom/data/lllite.shtml 4. http:// pubs.usgs.gov/ of/2001/of01-041/htmldoes/
days/illite.htm.
5. http://english.jl.gov.en/lnvestment/Opportunities/
lndustry/OtherindustrialProjects/201403/t20140327 J639007.html
6. www.gsm.oig.my/lDroducts/702001 -101312-PDF.pdf NgiFoi bien tip: Trin Van Tr^ch
The paper presents study results of the material composition of Son La illite ore and sudgests the technology direction for processing them.
CdNG NGHIEP MO, $62-2016
