TAP Cll CONC TlllONe
NANG CAO CHAT Ll/CiNG
NGUON NHAN Ll/C KHOA HOC CONG NGHE
• HATH! THU THUY
T 6 M TAT:
Bdi vicl bdn ve vd'n de nang cao cha't Iffdng ngudn nhan lffc khoa hoc cdng nghe. Nhdn ro lam quan trpng eiia Iffc iffdng cdn bd khoa hgc cdng nghe (KHCN) trong cong cupc doi mdi vd phdt men dat nffdc. Viet Nam dd dffa ra cac chii trffdng vd chinh sdch nh&m thiic day sff ldn manhca ve Iffdng vd chd't ciia dpi ngii nay. Kd't qud hien nay, dpi ngu can bd KHCN nffdc ta da dffdc tdng effdng v c sd' Iffdng, ndng cao ve cha't lffdng vd boat dpng ndng dpng, sdng tao hdn trong cd che mdi. Tuy nhien, so vdi nhiJng yBu ciu ciia cdng cupc CNH-HDH dat nffdc, nhd't Id trong xu the Viet Nam dang tien hanh hpi nhap sau vdo ndn kinh te the' gidi ddi hdi cdc cdn bd KHCN phdi cd trtnh dp tri tue ngang tam vdi khu vffc va qud'c te, thi ngudn nhdn lffc KHCN ciia Viet Nam van cdn co nhieu diem han che. Dieu dd doi hoi, can cd nhffng gidi phdp ddng hp va thiet thffc hdn de nang cao chat Iffdng ngudn nhdn lffc khoa hpc cdng ngh$.
Ttf khoa: Cha'l Iffdng, ngudn nhdn lffc, khoa hpc cdng nghd.
1. Ddt vdn de neu trong Ludt Khoa hoc - Cdng nghe da cd quy Phdl trien ngudn nhan lffc ndi chung va ngudn dinh eu the bdn ve quan niem nhan lffc khoa hpc nhan Iffc KHCN ndi neng la ye'u td quan trong va cong nghe gdm cdc ddi tffdng: "Da tdt nghiep nhd'ide thuc dd'y phdt trie'n kinh t e - \d hpi. ddng d^' ^^^' '^^^ "^^"g ^^ ldm viec trong mdt nganh Ihdl Id muc lieu ciia qud trinh CNH.HDH da'l ^^"^ l^*^^ ^^ *=""§ "ghe; da lot nghiep dai hpc, nffde. De KHCN phat huv dffdc vai trd ddng Iffe ^^° '^^"S' "'^^"S '^ong lam viec trong mdt ngdnh phat tridn kinh le - \d hdi. can phdi phat trie'n ^^"^ ^^^ ^f '^""g "ghe nao; chffa td't nghiep dai ddng bd ea ngudn nhan lffc KHCN ldn ed sd vat ^°^' ,^^° ^^"g' "hffng ldm mpt cong viec trong chat nshien effu va hoan thien cdche. chinh saeh "^"^ ''"^ "'^'^ ^^"^^ ^^"^ ^^ '^ong "ghe ddi hoi trinh L'ur-v . )• - u- •--• = L- , . dp lffdng dffdn""
KHCN. trong do viee phal tnen nguon nhan lffc _, =
cd y ngbia quvel dmh. ^ ° " ^ ^'^^ '•'''^ ^^t^-'" '^idm. t j , . djnh neu trong 2. Khai ni^m nhan lffc khoa hoc cong nghe -- ^' „ '^ - "^ ""J^ '\^hc nam 2013, quan
• mem eua I'jo Kmia h.K r/.-i., „ u- . -
* Quan mcm nbdn life khoa hoc ccmg nghe d „ ' ' ^ ^ ^u. d-, " - u- ^ "^ ^^^ ^"''"
Vif, X,„„ "I-"" ' " ' '^'^ ^" "''.''^' '^'^^^"^^n cffu 6 Viet Nam
"'^" "^>'- ^*' ^he Ihay rang, nhan life kh h Bd Khoa hoc - Cdn;: nshc van dune khdi niem edng nghe nffi'fc la adm ^s ir • i i ' oa oc v
• •''•'• i'lian chu yeusau:
130 So 1 -Thdng 1/2020
QUANTRI-QUANLY
+ Can bp nghien cffu.
+ Cdn bp ky thudt, cdng nghe.
-i- Cac ed nhan thupc mpi tang ldp xa hdi.
+ Cdn bp quan ly cdc ca'p.
+ Tri thffc Viet Nam 6 nffdc ngoai va cdc chuyen gia nffdc ngodi.
3. Vai tro cua nhan luTc KHCN
Nhifng ddng gdp ciia ngudn nhan lffc KHCN trong qud Uinh phdt uien kinh te - xd hdi ndi ehung vd trong cong cupc cdng nghiep hda, hien dai hda ndi rieng dffdc the hien ro net d nhffng npi dung sau.r/iu"n/ia'f, ngudn nhan lffc KHCN la Iffe Iffdng chli yeu irong viec xay dffng cdc luan eff khoa hoe giup Ddng vd Nha nffde xac djnh dffdng Id'i cbien lift^c. chinh sdch, ke hoacb CNH. HDH dd't nffdc;
dong thdi la Iffc Iffdng ndng cd't trong trien khai ihi/c hi^n edc dffdng Id'i chinb sdch dd. Thd hai, nguon nhdn Iffc KHCN dam nhiem viec nghien cffu, khao nghipm vd ffng dung cdc quy trinh cdng ngh§ mdi, cdc thiet bj, edng cu mdi, vdo san xua't:
eai lien va he thd'ng hda cong nghe truyen thd'ng, nSng cao hlnh do cdng nghe. Thd ba, cd the ndi, ddy Id lyc Iffdng xung kich trong viec lffa chon, tiep thu vd ffng dung nhffng tien bd cdng nghe mdi eua the'gidi vdo phdl trien cdc nganh kinh te'qud'c dan cda Vi?t Nam. Vai trd cud'i ciing, nhffng khdng Urn phdn quan ffpng ciia ngudn nban lffc KHCN la hg da c6 ddng gdp ldn irong vi6e tuyen truyen. pbd bien rpng rai tri thffc khoa hpc, kidn thffc vd cong nghe san xud't tien tien, thffc hien viec ddn dat cho nhiTng bp phan cd ndng lire va trinh dd thd'p hdn di len, qua dd gdp phan ndng cao U'inh dp hieu biel ve KHCN va ky thuait san xua'l, nang cao ndng Iffc hoat dOng san xud't cua cdng nhdn vd cdc tang idp nhdn dan Iao ddng khae.
4. Thffc trang ngudn nhan Iffc khoa hpc cdng ngh$
Nhan rd tam quan trpng cua lffc Iffdng cdn bd K.HCN trong cdng cupc ddi mdi va phat tnen da't nu^c, Viet Nam da dffa ra cdc chu trffdng va chinh ''Jeh nhdm thuc dd'y sff Idn manh ca ve Iffdng vd chat ciia ddi ngu ndy. Ket qua la hien nay. dpi ngu can bp KHCN nffdc ta da dffdc tdng cffdng ve sd lifdng. ndng cao ve cha't Iffdng vd hoat ddns nang
ddng, sdng tao hdn trong cd che nidi. Theo sd'lieu thdng ke, so' edn bp cd trinh do dai hpc. cao ddng trd Ien hien cd khoang 1.5 irieu ngffdi, trong dd sd gido sff. phd gido sff khoang 2,000 ngffdi. hdn 14.000 tie'n sT, hdn 11.000 diac sT. Sdcdnbd boat dpng trong linh vffe KHCN hdn 34.000 ngffdi. hdn 42.000 can bd giang day trong cdc trffdng dai hpc.
cao dang, trung hpc ehuyen nghiep va hang van cdn bp KHCN lam viec trong edc ngdnh. lmh vffe kinh te khde.
Trong dieu kien quv md va tiem lffc cua nen kinh te edn thd'p. Viet Nam da ed nhffng tie'n bd ddng khich le so vdi cac quo'c gia c6 tbu nbdp irung binh thap, xet ve trinh dp va ndng life khoa hpc vd cdng nghe. Khoang cdch giffa Vidt Nam va cde nffdc trong khu vffc dffdc rut ngan ddng ke irong xe'p hang nang lffc canh tranh. nang Iffe ddi mdi sang tao todn cau va d mdl sd ITnh vffc khoa hpc vd cdng nghe cd the manh.
Tuy nhien, so vdi nhffng yeu eau eiia cdng cudc CNH,HDH dd't nffdc. nha't la tfong xu the Viet Nam dang tie'n hanb hpi nhdp sau vdo nen kinh te' the gidi ddi hdi cdc cdn bd KHCN phai cd trtnh dp tri tue ngang tam vdi khu vffc vd qud'c te, ngudn nhan lffc KHCN cua Viet Nam vdn cdn cd nbieu diem hanche.
Thd nhd'l, lffc Iffdng ndy edn qud nhd be so vdi yeu cau (mdi cbi chie'm \1.57{ lao ddng xd bpi), trong khi dd vdn cdn 2.2% trong tdng sd lao dpng cd trtnh dp chffa ed viec Idm. Tai Hdi chd Nhdn Iffe phan mem Viet Nam ndm 2015, cd tdi 63,4%
cdng ty phan mem kbdng dinh thieu nhdn lffc trinh dp cao.
Thdhai, chd't Iffdng dpi ngu cdn bd KHCN nffde ta hien nay cdn nbieu bat cap, chffa ddp ffng dffdc yeu cau eua CNH. HDH, nha't Id yeu cdu di tat ddn dau ve cdng nghe. Hien nay, Viet Nam ra't thie'u ngudn nban lffc KHCN d cdc ngdnh mui nhpn, cd tinh chat quyet djnh nhff cdng nghe sinh hpc, cdng nghe vat lieu mdi.... Vi du ro rang nhd't dffdc the bien trong viee ddng ky va cap bdng ddc quydn sdngchera'tthd'peuaeaccanbpKHCN Viet Nam.
Thd bo, dpi ngu can bp KHCN nffde ta hien cdn phdn tdn. thieu tap trung vdi mot bd phdn khdng
So 1 -Thang 1/2020 131
TAP Cll CONC TinNG
nho cdn chffa tan tam vdi nghien cffu khoa hpc.
Thdiu. cdche thi trffdng ehffa thffe sff van hanh trong ITnh vifc nhan lffc KHCN .Mdt yeu to' quan trpng cua thj trffdng Iao ddng la tien Iffdng chffa dffdc xdc dinh tren cd sd thi trffdng. Cd ehe tra Iffdng dang cdn hi chi phd'i bdi quy dinh ctia Nha nffdc ve Iffdng td'i thieu, thang. bang Iffdng.
5. Giai phap nang cao chat lffdng ngudn nhan lffc KHCN
Hdi nhap qud'e te'ioan dien vdi xu hffdng todn cau hda va sir phat trien manh me ciia khoa hoc vd cdng nghe tren thdgidi da va dang dai nffdc ta vao nguy cd tut hau ngay cang xa ve khoa hpc va cdng nghe. Hdn luc ndo het chiing ta edng phai thffc hien mdt edeh thffc chd'i cac giai phap mang tinh ddng bp. loan dien de phdt trien nhdn lffc khoa hpc vil cdng nghe.
Ddi mdi td chdc vd ca cbe qudn ly ngudn nluin life KHCN: To chffc bd may va nhan sff khoa hpc edng nghe van do cac ed quan chu quan ciia td chffc KHCN quydl djnh nen da ban ehe rd't nhieu linh linh hoat trong sffdung ngudn liic. nha't la can bp cd trinh dp chuyen mdn eao. Cdch quan ly nhan sff hien hdnh lam eho lo chffc KHCN ludn hi ddng Irong sff dung lao ddng, bj dpng trong viee tra Iffdng V a khdng khuyen khich cdn bd cd nang lffc.
Vi vdy, can liep tue ddi mdi hdn nffa id ehffe vd cd che quan lv dd'i vdi cac td chffc KHCN: ddi mdi chinh sdch Iffdng. thffdng ddi vdi cdn bd boat dpng KHCN. md rdng dieu kien tang tbu nhap cho cdc nha khoa hpc iffdng xffng vdi nhffng ddng gdp eua ho cho \a hpi. ddng didi ed cdc chinh sdch ffu dai ve V at chat vd ddng vien kip ibdi ve tinh than cho cdc nha khoa hpc cd ddng gdp quan trpna.
Tdng cucyitg gdn nghien ci'fu vdi I'dig dung igo ddng lite cho cdn bo KHCN- Can iao dieu kien thudn ldi de cae nhd khoa hpc gan nghien cffu vdi boat ddng san vud'i. kmh doanh. kei hdp dao tao vdi nghien cffu. khdng de lang phi ngudn chat xdm.
Co nhff vay. mdi lao ra dffdc mdt lhi iru'dng khoa hoc rdng Idn. edc nha khoa hpc se cd "sdn"" dd phdl huv ndng lffc ciia minh.
Xd\ dung vd thuc hien chien lifcfc phdt trien n\;iifin nhdn life KHCN- Nlid nffde can hoan tbien quy hoaeh. kc ho.ich ddo tao cdn bd KHCN ue dc
132 So I -Thong 1/2020
tao ra mdt lffc Iffdng lao ddng ed nang lffc v a pham chat can thiet dap ffng nhu cau ngav uang cao eua sff nghiep CNH.HDH. De thffe hien dieu dd, Nhd nffde can phai quan idm nhieu hdn den gido due - dao tao, thffc sff coi dd la "qud'e sdeh hang dau nhdm nang cao ddn tri. dao tao nhan Iffc, bdi dffdng nhan tai"; ddng thdi phai ddi mdiva nang cao cha't Iffdng dao lao dai hpc va sau dai hpc d cdc trffdng dai hpc, edc hpc vien vd eae vien nghien cffu, nham ddp ffng kip thdi lffc Iffdng lao dpng cd hinh dd KHCN cao; can cd quy boach ddo tao, bdi dffdng lai dpi ngd edn bo KHCN d eac trung tam, vien nghien cffu khoa hpc.
Trang bf vd ddn Uf ve ca sd vdi chat - ky Ihudt:
Nha nffdc can tang cffdng dau tff va ddi mdi trang thidt bj nghien cffu kboa hpc hien dai cho cdc phdng nghien cffu, thi nghiem tai cdc trung tdm khoa hpc, cac trffdng dai hoc, vien nghien cffu;
ddng thdi. can phai phdt trien be thd'ng thdng tin, trang thie't bi thdng tin hidn dai, md rdng mang thdng tin de ta't ca can bp KHCN deu cd the tie'p cdn, khai thdc va sffdung cac ngudn lai lieu KHCN vao cdng tac ngbien cffu. Cdn tao dieu kien cho cac nha khoa hpc di dao tao, bdi dffdng, tbam quan hpc tap trao ddi, hdp tac nghien cffu kboa hpc d nhffng nffdc cd trinh dp khoa hpc - cdng nghe ti6n lien hien dai.
6. Kd't lu$n
Tdm Iai, dau tff cho nhan lffc khoa hoc vd cong nghe Id dau tff eho phdt trien ben vffng, trffc dep nang tam tri tue va sffc manh cua dan tpc. Qud trinh chuyen tff nen kinh te' ke hoacb boa tap trung sang nen kinh te thj trffdng dinh hffdng xd hpi chii nghTa ddi hdi phai chuyen ddi can bdn, loan dign cde hoat dpng qudn ly vc kinh te' - xa hpi, dieu dd ddi hdi cdng ngay phdi ffng dung rpng rdi KHCN vao boat ddng qudn ly ciia cdc Bd, nganh, gdp phdn thffc hien td't cdc nbiem vu dang dat ra trong dieu kien mdi. Tri thffc khoa hpc vd cdc thdnh tffu cong nghe cung vdl v.O. hr. , h , n dffdc cdc bien pbap xay dffng. quan iy ddi ngu nhan Iffc khoa hoc eong nghe. trong dd xiy dj-n-^ v', h -' .u-- u- ,,-- . . , , . - ^ ^ ^'i hoan thien he Ihong chffc danh nghd nnhitn .runo ir.t, / . u ' h„,. ,-. r. ,. •- ' ''^""g bnh vffc khoa tioe. cong nghe la mdt mui nl.-,,, -
manhidng.hdvdlangud. , ' ^ ^ ' ^ f ^^"^^^
'•••Ilh ben vffng •
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T.AILI5U T H A M K H A O :
/. Ban Chdp banh Trung uong (2016), Nghi quye't sd 05-NQ/TW ngdy 1/11/2016 ve mc)t sd chu infcfng cbinh uich ldn nhSm liep tyc ddi mdi md hinh lang trUdng. ndng cao chdt lugng ldng tnfdng, ndng sudl lao dcmg. sifc ceinh iranh cda ten kinh te.
2. Chinh plni (2017), Nghi dinh so 101/2017/ND-CP ngdy 01/09/017 ve ddo tgo. boi dudng cdn bg, cong clii'fc.
viin chiic.
S. na Ufdng Chinh phii (2011). Quye'l dinh sd579/QD-TTg ngdy 19/4/2011 phe duyet Chie'n lifcfc phdt trien nhdn luc Vtet Nam thdi ky 2011-2020.
Ngay nh§n bai: 2/12/2019
Ngay phan bi?n danh gia va su'a chffa: 12/12/2019 Ngav chS'p nh$n dang bai: 22/12/2019
Thdng linldc gid:
ThS. HA THJ THU THUY
Khoa Kinh td cff sd - Trtfcfng Dai hpc Kinh te Ky thudt Cdng nghidp
IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF THE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGGY'S HUMAN RESOURCES
• Moster, HA THI THU THUY Faculty of Basic Economics University of Economics - Technology for Industries
ABSTRACT:
This article discusses the quality improvement of the science and technology's human resources. Recognizing the importance of the science and technology's human resources for the country's renovation and development, Vietnam has set forth guidelines and policies to promote the growth of the science and technology's human resources. As a result, the science and technology's staff of Vietnam has improved in terms of both quanlit>' and quality and become more creative in the new development mechanism. However, the science and technology's human resources of Vietnam is still facing with shortcomings when comparing the country's industrialization and modernization requirements. Especially when Vietnam has integrated more deeply into die worid's economy, it is important for the countrv^ to have high-quality human resources witth a certain level of knowledge and expertise. It is necessary for Vietnam to have comprehensive and practical soluttions lo improve its quality of the science and technology's human resources.
Keywords: Qualitty. human resource, science and technology.
S o l -Thang 1/2020 133
