DifiN DAN CUA GI61 LUAT GIA
Tiep tuc hodn thien To tung hinh SL/ ve phuc thdm
D l khic phue nhflng bat cap, vfldng mIe va tdn tai trong thflc tien phuc tham va nang eao hieu qua phuc tham cac vu an hinh sU, can phai tien hanh ddng bg nhieu giii phap khae nhau. Tuy nhien tfl gdc do phap luat td tung hinh sfl, can sfla ddi bd sung mdt sd quy dinh cua BLTTHS hien hanh theo cac hUdng xac dinh dung tinh chat eda phue tham va ddi tugng eda xet xfl phue tham; md rdng quyen ban cua Tda phue tham, theo hfldng xae dinh lai tinh chat va ddi tflgng cua phuc tham trong Td tung hinh sfl, bd sung sfla ddi eae quy dinh ve quyin han eua cae cap xet xfl; ban hanh d l y du van b i n hudng dan ap dung cae quy dinh BLTTHS sfla ddi v l phue tham. Quy dinh day du va eu t h i cae can cfl de Tda an cap phuc tham bac khang eao, khang nghi, gifl nguyen bin an (quyet dinh) so tham; sfla hoac buy ban an (quyet dinh) sg tham;
Can quy dinh rd hgn ve trinh tfl thu tuc giii quyet khang cao, khang nghi theo hfldng: Tda an cap phue tham bae khang cao, khang nghi va gifl nguyen ban an (quyet dinh) so tham, neu khdng cd can cfl thda man ngi dung khang eao, khang nghi va vu an da dflge giai quylt dung phap luat. Neu phat hien d cac phin khae cua an so tham khdng bi khang elo, khang nghi ed eae can cfl d l sfla hoac huy ban an so tham, thi Tda an cap phuc tham ap dung eac quy dinh tai Dieu 241 - 254 BLT- THS, neu dieu kien dd khdng lam xau hon tinh trang cua bi cao.
Ddng thdi c i n bd sung quy dinh ve can cfl de sfla hoac huy ban an so tham.
Cd the ddng y vdi quan dilm eho ring:
can cfl de sfla hoac huy ban an so tham la nhflng vi pham phap luat nghiem trgng ehflng minh ve tinh trang khdng hgp phap hoac thieu can cfl cua ban an so tham. Vi vay, Tda an cap phue tham phai sfla hoac huy ban an so tham khi cd mdt trong eac can cfl sau day:
a) Viec dieu tra hoac xet hdi tai phien tda philn dien hoac khdng day du.
b) Kit luan cua ban an khdng phu hgp vdi cle tinh tilt thflc te v l vu I n ;
e) Vi pham nghiem trgng thu tue td lung;
d) Ap dung khdng dung phap luat hinh sU, dan sfl;
Hieu qua xet xCr la nnpt phqm tru kha mdi me trorig khoa hoc phap ly ndi Chung vd ti/ phdp hinh sir ndi ri§ng. NhCfng ket qud nghien
CLOJcho thdy hieu qud xet xijf phu thudc vdo rdt nhieu yeu td' khde nhau. Trong khudn kho bdi Viet ndy chung tdi ch?
de cap den mot sd gidi phdp \U gdc dp phdp ludt td tung hinh sir.
Mot so
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Th.S Hoang Manh Hung
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e) Hinh phat ma Tda I n cap so tham quyet dinh khdng tUOng xflng vdi tinh chat va mfle do nghiem trgng cua hinh vi pham tdi va nhan than ngfldi bi kit an.
Bdo ddm tudn thu triet de cdc nguyen tde cua td tung hinh sa.
Day I I mdt hfldng quan trgng nham nang eao hieu q u i xet xfl va eung la vin d l khd khan nha't trong thflc tien. Neu nhfl ele hanh vi eu the h l u nhu da dugc quy dinh chi tiet thi nhflng nguyen tie eua td tung hinh sfl - 11 nhflng tfl tfldng chi dao, lai la van d l dflge tham thau trong nhilu quy pham, nhilu ehe dinh khae nhau va ddi hdi ngfldi ap dung phap luat phii nha't quan. Viee khdng tuan thu cle nguyen tic, nhin ehung rat khd phat hien, khd chi ra cu the v l eung khd di den nhflng phan xet chinh xac.
Chinh vi vay, khi tham phan xet xfl khdng tuan thu triet de nhflng nguyen tic cua td tung hinh sfl, thi mac du hg chgn dung c l e quy pham phap luat cin ap dung, nhUng rat ed the, tinh thin phIp che de bao dam cdng ly, edng bang xa hgi vin chUa dat duge trong cle quyet dinh dflge hg dUa ra. Vi du: khi ap dung mdt dilu luat cu the trong mdt gidi han khung hinh phat cho phep, tuy vao tinh hinh thflc t l , viec quan triet nhflng nguyen tie eua phap luat v l tdtung hinh sU, trong khi xet xfl, nhflng ngfldi xet xfl cd the cd nhflng phflong an khae nhau, chgn mfle I n cu the khic nhau trong khung dd. Dae biet nhilu khi, do thieu thau dao nhflng nguyen tie td tung hinh sU dan den viee v | n dung, khai thae cac tinh tiet tang nang, gilm nhe ed the theo nhflng xu hfldng khae nhau.
Mgt hanh vi quan ly kinh t l nim d ranh gidi eua sU dilu chinh phap luat, ed the dugc tham phan nay coi la nang ddng dan d i n tfl duy danh gia tich cfle, la cO sd cua niem tin ndi t i m v l sfl tdn tai nhan to tich cite trong nhan than eda bi elo va cin ap dung mdt mfle hinh phat nhe. Nhflng eung hanh vi do, ed the dflge tham phan khae phan tich theo ehilu hfldng ngflOc lai, la sU vi pham nguyen tie trong dieu kien dang eIn p h i i tang eUdng dau tranh phdng chdng tieu cfle, tham nhung, tao nen niem tin ve sfl can thiet phii I p dgng
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VAN HOA PHAP LY
l—\ dien cua vua chfla phflOng ddng, nhflng lai gan nd mang phong each cua mgt tol liu dai cua ele dng ehCi phflgng tay gilu cd. Dieu dac biet trong nghe thuat kien true CLJa lau dii cd nly II sU the hien tinh tdng hgp, thdng nha't dan cai va phu hgp gifla ba yeu td ndi bat ve mat eInh quan, tham my va tinh ehuyen dung eua nd vfla II noi d, noi llm viec, noi bieu diin van hoa van nghe va ed thu khi ed bie'n.
Diem den cua du Ijch Bde Hd
Nhflng nam gan day, Bac Ha II mgt vung du Ijch hap dan, cac gil trj van boa dgc dao, gilu bin sic nhfl chg phien, phong tue tap quan, van hoa tgc ngUdi, mdlitrfldng cfltnj, eInh sac nui non hung vT va dae biet la lau dai Hoang A TUdng (ggi theo ten cua con trai Hoang Yen Thao). De bio tdn va phuc VU du khaeh tham quan khi den Ble Ha, nam 1997 lau dii ed nay da dflge Bd van thdng tin edng nhan Di tieh Ijch sfl kien true. Mac du trii qua dly bien cd thang tram cua Ijch va sfl cdng pha eua thdi gian, den nay mdt sd cdng trinh phu eua lau dii da bj bao mdn phi buy, nhflng nd vin gifl dflge ding dap b l the va net nguyen sg cua mot edng trinh kien tmc tieu bieu d cua nhflng nam diu the ky 20 tren cao nguyen Ble Ha.
Nhim khdi phue lai ve uy nghi long lay cua mgt lau dai ed, nam 2007 Nha nfldc da dau tfl gan 10 ti ddng tu bd lai v l giao cho Tmng tam thdng tin du Ijch cua Sd Van hoa - The thao & Du Ijch tinh Llo Cai quIn ly va khai thic.
Den vdi lau dii, du khaeh di qua 2 cau thang hinh canh cung gdm 17 bac lam bing be tdng, lan can cao 0,8m va khoing rdng la 1,8m den phdng chd (hay gpi II chieu nghi) cd mii ehe rgng 8,3m2 v l eda sd ehinh dien hinh vom cao 3,2m. Tfl day di qua mdt cfla rgng 2m, eao 3m v l sin rdng lit bing gach nung thi vao den
CTpliflpiy
nha ehinh. Toa nha ehinh gdm cd hai tang cao 3,9m vdi thiet ke 10 phdng v l tdng dien tieh 480m2.
Mat tnidc eua c l hai tang nly la ele CLfa vdm, cot tm cd 14 kich thflde cao tha'p khdng deu nhau vdi nhflng gdc canh Idi Idm v l dap ndi 8 cbfl tau vdi nghTa "Mua xuan vTnh bing, cudc ddi nic sing".
Tren dinh tfldng ed chin mii, lan can va song be tdng gan each quang vfla de dd mai ngdi, vfla lam mang chin nfldc. Tnj dau deu ed edt ehju Iflc tao cho mai chae, khoi ddng thdi tren mdi dinh cot diu dflge dip nhd len hinh qui bau bieu tflgng cho sfl sinh sdi nly nd theo truyen thuyet dan gian eua ngUdi Viet. Rieng phin tren ehinh gifla ed mIng be tdng udn lugn each dieu, d gifla ed Id hinh trdn va hai ben cd hai canh nguyet que eung vdi chO sd dip ndi thdi gian hoan thinh cdng trinh nam 1921.
Mac du dien tieh cae phdng khdng rdng llm, nhflng ben trong eae dam, phao diu dflge xay dip ndi sle net tao ra sfl giln dj khdng rfldm ra trd'ng trii, ma van gifl dflge v l trang nghiem vfla tam thflde nhfl chflc nang rieng biet cua mdi phdng. Hai day nha hai ben (24 phdng) dflge xay dflng tha'p hgn nha ehinh v l bflc tfldng phia ta/dc dflge trang tri edng phu vdi tam hinh trang tri xuyen qua tfldng vfla lam dep, thdng thoang, tdn them v l uy nghi cho lau dai, vfla thanh nhflng Id chau mai Igi hai trong phdng thu, tie chien.
Ngoli ra cdn cd he thdng cdt tm, vdm cudn, ea'p thoat nUde, chdng set, chdi canh, Id sfldi, nhi bep, nhi ve sinh va trai linh.
Tham quan lau d i i , ngoli nhflng gia trj nghe thuat kien true dgc dao tfl dau the ky hai mfloi v l binh dung ra mgt thdi elt cfl eua mdt thd ty vung cao, du khaeh edn dugc tan hfldng cInh quan thien nhien ky thu qua ddng sudi udn lugn, an hien gifla nhflng o/ng man tam hoa va nhflng day nui ndi duoi nhau thu vao tam mit gifla mdt thj tri'n sdi ddng dang ddi mdi tflng ngay. •
Mot so giai phap.
(Tiep theo trang 10)
mdt hinh phat nghiem khae, din den mgt phan quyet hoan toan trii ngflge vdi ngfldi tha'm phin kia.
Chinh vi the, de bio dam phap ehe, bio dim cdng ly, cdng bing, ngfldi xet xfl phii vfla nim vflng ele quy pham phIp luat, lai phai tham nhuan ele nguyen tie, tfl tfldng ehi dao, tinh elm phIp ly tieh cfle, nhan van... de vflgt len khdi nhflng tam trang ciic doan eua bin than tai thdi diem dd. Nha't la trong nhflng holn canh ma tham phan, hgi thl'm nhan dan bj nhflng sfle ep nao dd tfl ben ngoai, lam cho quan diem dinh gia bj thien lech hoac bj Igi ich cue bg chi phdi, hoac mflU cau tU Igi bin than,... thi cac phan quyet cua Tda se khd ed the bio dim dflge cdng ly.
Hien nay, edng tie gilm sit cua Qudc hdi vdi hoat ddng tfl phap dflge day manh Hoat ddng giam sit cija eg quan dan cfl ddi vdi viee thflc thi phap luat cua cac eo quan, td chflc, ea nhan la ra't can thiet.
Ddng thdi, eung vdi viec ban hanh Luat Phdng chdng tham nhung va Nghj quyet 294a cua UBTVQH, trong viee xfl ly cac vu In hinh sii phflc tap, da bit dau xua't hien vai trd eua Ban chi dao phdng ehdng tham nhung, van d l bio dim nguyen tie phap che va tinh dgc lap eua eac eg quan tU phap, nhat II eua Tda an trong viee giii quyet cle vu In hinh sfl, eung dang dflge dat trflde nhflng thach thflc tfl thflc tiln.
Thflc tiln cho tha'y da cd nhflng vu an hinh sfl lien quan den cac tgi pham v l kinh te, tham nhung, chufc vu.... rat phflc tap, ed nui sfl chi dao cua Ban ehi dao phdng ehdng tham nhung d dja phUOng da tnic tiep den mfle chi dao c l viee xem xet, dinh gia ehflng cuf;
ed noi Ban chi dao nly khdng xac djnh dflge ranh gidi quyin nang eua minh den diu, din den ed sfl can thiep sau vIo qua trinh tien hanh td tung. Chi rieng viee trien khai thflc hien nhflng quy djnh eua Luat Phdng ehdng tham nhung, v l quyin nang cua Ban chi dao trong viee ehi dao giii quyet cac vu In tham nhung, cung da phIt sinh nhflng van d l bat cap. Co noi vdi danh nghTa chu tn phdi hgp. Ban ehi dao cap tinh, thanh phd hau nbu chi dao c l hfldng xem xet, danh gia ehflng cfl va quyet djnh xfl ly vu In, tnJdc khi xet xfl. Day thflc sfl la nhflng va'n d l rat phflc tap cl v l ly luan va thflc tiln phap ly eln pbii sdm dflge thao gd. Can phii xay dflng eac nguyen tic, phflgng phIp, ngi dung giam sat, sao cho boat ddng dd khdng nhflng khdng lam Inh hfldng den viee thflc hien binh thfldng eac chflc nang cua eac co quan nay, ma cdn la sfl h6 trg die Iflc cho viee thflc thi nhiem vu cua cle cfl quan tUphap.H
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