TAP CHI SINH HOC 2014, 36*-:' 140-146 DOI: 10.15625A)866-71^^''^^"^-^^'^
THANH P H A N V A D^C DIEM PHAN BO CUA CAC LOAI T 6 M H U M GAI THUOC GIONG Panu/irus White, 1847 (Palinuridae)
Cf KHU BAO TON BI£;N CU LAO CHAM, T I N H QUANG NAM
Le V a n Thg^*, Lfi Nggc Thao^, P h a n D o a n D a n g ' , H u y n h Nggc Dien*, H o a n g © u c Dat*
'Vi?n Smh hgc nhiel ddi, Vien Han lam K H & C N Vi6t Nam, *[email protected]
^Khu bao tdn bi6n Cii Lao Chdm, linh Quang N a m
TOM TAT: Qua hai dpt khdo sdt vao thdng 5 vd thdng 11 ndni 2012 t^ii Khu bdo t i n biln Cu Lao Cham, tinh Quang Nam, chiing t6i da thu thap duoc 22 cd ttil ciia 6 loai thuoc giong Panulirus:
T6m hum do (Panulirus longipes), Tom hiim mIc (P. stimpsoni), Tdm hiim sen (P. versicolor), T6m hiim bong (P. ornatus), Tom hiim ma {P. penicillatus) va Tom hilm da (P. homarus). Sdu loai t6m hum gai ghi tih^n dugc d Khu bao tin biln Cii Lao Chdm chiem ty le 75,0% long s6 loai t6m hiim gai da bill d Viet Nam. Trong do, c6 5 loai dugc xfip hang trong Sach Do Viet Nam 2007 6 cdc miic: Rat nguy cap (EN) Tom hiim do (P. longipes); Nguy cdp (VU) gom Tdm h i m bong (P. ornatus), Tom hiim sen (P. versicolor) va Tdm hum da (P. homarus); Thifiu din lieu (DD) gom cdc loai T6m hiim moc (P. stimpsoni) vd Tom h&m ma (P. penicillatus). Cac lodi tdm hiim gai d C6 Lao Chdm phan bo xung quanh cdc dao va tap trong d cdc khu vyc thupc Hon Lao, Hon M6, H6n Dai va Hon La. D6 la nhung noi cd nen day Id bun, cdt soi, ran san hd, hang da, hIc dd vdi dO sau tuf 0,5-30 m so vdi mat nudc. Cac lodi torn htim d Khu bao ton biln Cii Lao Chdm thudng xuat hi^n ntiieu vdo khoang thdi gian lu thdng 3 den thdng 7 hang nam. Ddy ciing la miia sinh san ctia hdu het cac lodi tom hilm tai khu vyc nghidn cuii.
Tie khoa: Phin bo, t6m htim, tOm hilm gai, Khu bdo tin biln, Cii Lao Chdm, Qudng Nam.
Cii Lao Cham Id Khu bao tdn biln (KBTB) thli 2 d Vift Nam, d u g c thiel ldp v d i s y hd frg ciia chinh phii Dan Mach. KBTB Cii Lao Cham cd dien lich 235 km^, bao quanh 8 hdn dao, ddy la mdt frong nhimg noi cd canh b i l n d a dang nhat d Viet Nam, bao gdm h o n 311 h a ran san hd, 500 ha tham cd bien vd frfin 10 bai b i l n cung n h i l u loai ttiuy hai san cd gia tri [7]. Do b i khai thae qud miic de phuc vy cho nhu c i u thyc p h i m cua khdch du lich, ldm hiim dang Id mpt frong s6 6 ddi tugng c i n d u g c uu tien bao tdn d KBTB Cli Lao Cham. T h y c t l , tdm hilm cd gid tri dac biet frong h$ sinh thai ran san h 6 v a he sinh ttidi viing trilu bd da. Hien nay, viec quan ly tdm h i m gsip n h i l u khd khan d o thifiu c a s d d u lieu khoa hgc. M a t khdc, ldm h u m dang diing trudc nguy c o bi suy giam nghiem frgng do ldc ddng cua n h i l u yen td khdc nhau; frong dd, cd s u phdt trifin du lich vd khai thdc qud miic.
Gidng T d m h&m gai (Panulirus) thudc h g Palinuridae, la loai hai san cd gia tri dinh d u o n g vd xuat k h i u c a o , dugc thi trudng frong vd
ngodi n u d c u a chudng. Ci Viet Nam, tdm hiim phan bd tir b i l n Quang Binh d i n Binh Thuiui [6]. Tuy nhifin, chiing phan bd t|,p trung d vfing b i l n thudc cdc tinh Phli Yen, Khanh Hda, Ninh T h u ^ va Binh Thu^n; thudng ldp trung d cdc viing b i l n cd d g sdu tii 25-30 m so vdi mat nudc bifin, vhng ran san h d , cac b a i dd n a i cd nhifiu hang hdc v a khe ranh.
Hi?n nay, K B T B Cii L a o C h a m d a cd qui dinh ve thai gian, p h a m vi v a ki'ch c a tdm hiim dugc ph6p khai thdc. Tuy nhifin, d o nhu c i u ihi Irudng r a t cao nfin n g u dan v i n chua c h i p hdnh nghifim nhiing q u i dinh do. V i v^y, viec nghifin ctiu thanh p h i n loai v a cdc dac tfnh phdn b l sinh thai cua tdm hiim l a m c a s d khoa hgc cho viec xdy dung m d huih ddng quan 1^ tdm hum, gdp phan quan ly hiiu hifiu tinh frang cdc loai tdm h u m hi?n nay d Viet N a m ndi chung v a tinh Quang N a m ndi rifing.
VAT LIEU VA PHU'OfNG PHAP NGHlfeN CtTU Vat lieu g d m 2 2 cd the ldm h u m g a i thu d u g c d K B T B Cii Lao Cham frong h a i d g i khao sat n a m 2012.
140
Thanh phan vd dac diem phan bl cua cdc lodi tom hiim gai Miu tdm hilm dugc ttm ihap lai 20 dilm
xung quanh cde dao frong khu vyc nghifin ciiu bdng phuang phdp lan cd khi tai (hinh 1). Cdc loai it gap nhu ldm hiim xanh, ldm htun mdc, l6m htim ma dugc thu miu thdng qua ngu ddn dia phuang vd ttiu tiiap ttidng tm khu vyc khai thdc cua loai.
Dgt khao sdt tii ngdy 20-28/5/2012 ttiu dugc 15 cd the cua 5 loai tdm hiim gai, bao gdm: 6 ca thi tdm hum dd, 3 cd ttil tdm hiim moc, 2 ca ihl ldm hiim bdng, 3 ca thfi tdm hum sen vd 1 cd thg t6m hilm ma. Cac mau hi|n dugc bao quan frong 4 binh nhua (CLCl, CLC2, CLC3 va CLC4) tgi Vi^n Smh hgc nhifit ddi, thdnh ph6 Hi Chf Mmh.
Dgt khao sdt rtr ngay 2-11/11/2012 ttm dugc 7 cd the ciia 5 loai, dugc iuu giii frong formalin 10% va ttamg bay tgi Trung tdm Tmyln thdng KBTB Cii Lao Chdm, xa Tdn Hiep, tiianh ph6 Hdi An, tinh Quang Nam. Ma ky hifiu vd sd
lugng ca the cua cdc tieu ban mdu nhu bang 1.
Bdng 1. Mau vat cac loai Tdm hum gai dugc luu giii tai KBTB Cii Lao Cham
Ma ky hifiu
tifiu ban Loai tdm hiim S6 lugng cd thfi CLC-GXOI Tdm hum dd 2 CLC-GX02 Tdm hiim bdng 1 CLC-GX03 Tdm hiim mdc 1 CLC-GX04 Tdm hiim do 2 CLC-GX05 Tdm hiim ma I
Sii dung phuong phdp qua bang cdu hdi dl phdng van, thu thap thdng tin, dii heu tir nhirng ngu dan tren dao ve ngudn lgi ldm hiim d quanh cdc dao va dac difim phan bd ciia tdm hiim d KBTB Cii Lao Cham. Kit qua phdng vin dugc phan ti'ch de danh gia do phong phu, tin suit xuat hifin cua cdc loai tdm hiim frong thdi gian 10 nam gan day (bang 2).
Hinh 1. Ban do khu BTBT Cii Lao Cham va pham vi nghien cihi Bdng 2. Miic do xuat hifin ciia cac loai t6m hhm frong tu nhifin d KBTB Ch Lao Chdm
Miic do xuat hifin trong ty nhien Rat nhieu
Thang difim ddnh gid Nhieu Trung
binh It Hiem So diem cham theo dinh linh (ngudi tra
ldi bang hdi chim)
Can Cli dfi cham diem (ty le cdc lan quan
sat dugc frong cdc chuyfin bien) )-100% 60-80%
3 2 1 40-60% 20-40% <20%
Le Van Tho el ai
Thill bi va hda chat dugc su dung gdm sd ghi chep thuc dia, GPS, mdy chup anh dudi nirdc, mdy quay phim, dd boi ldn, tdu di khao sdi, may vi tiiih vd formalin 10%.
Miu tdm hilm dugc thu frt cdc ngu dan khai tbac (4 ca till) frong khu vyc cd kfch ttiudc ca thi rtr 11,5 cm din 28 cm. Ngoai ra, chiing ldi kit hgp vdi ddi tuin tra bdo vfi KBTB va ngu ddn dia phuong dl thu miu ldm hiim d do sdu lu 0,5 m dfin 20 m. Mdu ldm hiim da thu dugc chup hinh, dmh loai so bd, sau dd c6 dinh bang formahn 10% va dua vl phbng thi nghifim ctia Vien Sinh hgc nhiel ddi, thanh phd Hd Chi Minh de dinh loai.
Tfin thdng Ihudng cdc loai tdm hiim ngoai thuc dia dugc xdc dinh qua phdng van ngudi dan dia phuong Iheo cac dac diem hinh thdi, mdu sic. Sau dd, mau dugc quay phim, chup anh, do ki'ch thudc trudc khi cd dinh bang
formalin 10%. Dinh loai tdm hiim dua vao cac dac dilm cda vd dau ngyc, cdc ddt lung va cdc chan ham dya ttieo khda phan loai vd cdc md la hinh tiidi, dac dilm phan bd cua Nguyin Van Chung vd nnk. (2000) [6], Holttiuis (1991) [5], Chan (1998) [4] va Pitcher (1993) [9].
KET QUA VA THAO LU^N Thanh phan loai
Kit qua da xac dinh 22 ca thi ldm hum thugc 6 loai thudc gidng Tdm hiim gai (Panulirus); frong dd, Tdm hilm dd (Panulirus longipes) cd 8 ca thi; T6m hum mdc (P. stimpsoni) cd 4 ca thfi; Tdm hiim sen (P.
versicolor) va Tdm hum bdng (P. ornatus), mdi loai cd 3 ca thfi; Tdm hiim ma (P. penicillatus) va Tdm hum da (P. homarus), mdi loai c6 2 cd thi; cd 2 loai (P. polyphagus, P. femoristrigd) khdng gap d Cii Lao Cham (bang 3).
Bdng 3. Thanh phdn lodi Tdm hiim gai phan bl d Viet Nam va Cti Lao Cham
2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Panulirus longipes (A. Mihie- Edwards, 1868) P. ornatus (Fabricius, 1798) P. stimpsoni YioMhais, 1963 P. veraco/or (Lafreille, 1804) P. penicillatus (Olivier, 1791) P. hormarus (Linnaeus, 1758) P. polyphagus (\izTh%t, 1793) P. femoristriga (Von Martens, 1872)
Tdng
Ten Viet Nam
Tdm hum bdng Tdm hiim mdc Tdm hilm sen Tdm hiim ma Tdm hum da Tdm hilm biln T6m hilm san hd rdu frang
Cii Lao Cham
-1- -1- -1- -¥
+
6
Vifit Nam DVCVN
H-
+
-1- -1- -1- -1-
7
lUCN
-1-
+ +
f
•1-
+
-1-
8 DVCVN. Dpng vat chi Vifit Nam; lUCN. Lifin minh Quoc tfi Bao tdn Thifin nhifin vd Tai nguyfin Thien nhien.
Khoa dinh loai cac lo^i thu§c giing T6m hum gai (Panulirus) v KBTB Cii Lao Cham
1. Vo lung m6i dot bung cd 1 ranh ngang 2 Vd lung mli dot byng khdng cd ranh ngang 4 2. Gd trudc ciia ranh ngang chia ttiuy nhd, chan ham HI khdng cd nhanh ngoai Panulirus hormarus
Gd trudc ciia ranh ngang nguyfin, ehdn ham HI cd nhdnh ngoai 3 3. Nhdnh ngoai chan ham in cd sgi bfin gom nhifiu ddt, phifin gdc rdu I cd 2 gai \an....Panulirus longipes
Nhanh ngoai chan ham III khdng cd rau, phifin gdc rau I cd 4 gai ldn bang nhau va gdc ciia chting chum lai Panulirus penicillatus
Thanh phan vd dac difim phan bo ciia cac loai tom hiim gai
4. Nhanh ngoai chan ham II khdng cd rdu 5 Nhanh ngoai chan ham H cd rau, dot hinh tam giac, philn gdc rau I cd 4 gai lan....Panulirus
versicolor
5. Vd lung cdc ddt bung ldng, ranh sau vd d i u ngyc hep hon gd sau vo d i u ngijc...Panulitus ornatus Vd lung cdc dot bung cd vfit tich ciia ranh ngang, ranh sau vo d i u nguc it n h i t bdng gd sau vd dau nguc Panulirus stimpsoni
Cho dfin nay, gidng T d m hiim gai (Panulirus) cd thanh phan lodi phong phii n h i l so vdi cac g i i n g khdc thudc ho Palmuridae [3]. Ci Viet Nam, hien cd 8 loai ldm hiim gai [6], ngoai cdc loai dugc ghi nhan frong Dong vat chf Viet Nam ^ V C V N ) , cdn cd loai T d m hiun san hd rdu frdng (P. femoristriga). 6 K B T B Cii Lao Cham cd 6 loai, chifim ly lfi 85,7% so so vdi long sd lodi hien cd va 75,0% so vdi l UC N frong ldng sd loai tdm hilm da cdng bd d Vifit Nam (bang 4). Trong so 6 loai tdm hilm ghi nhan dugc d KBTB Cii Lao Cham, cd 5 loai nam trong Sdch
Dd Viet Nam (2007) [1, 2] gdm: Tdm hQm bdng (P. ornatus), Tdm hilm sen (P. versicolor) va Tdm hiim da (P. homarus) duoc ghi d c i p VU;
Tdm hiim dd (P. longipes) dugc ghi d cap cap EN; T d m hum mdc (P. stimpsoni) va Tdm hiim ma (P. penicillatus) chua dugc x i p hang. Tdt ca cdc loai tdm hiim ghi nhan dugc d Ch Lao Cham dfiu dugc xep hang d miic it quan iSm (LC) hoac ttiilu d i n heu (DD) (bang 3). Tuy nhien, lUCN cung khuyfin nghi can cd nhiing giai phdp dfi bdo ve quan thfi cdc loai tdm hiim trudc tinh frang dang bi khai thdc qua miic nhu hien nay [8].
Bdng 4 Miic do de dga ciia cac lodi tdm hiim d KBTB Cii Lao Cham
Ten khoa hpc Tfin Viet Nam lUCN
(V, 3,1) LC LC DD LC LC LC
DLDVN 2007 [1]
EN VU DD VU
VU . Panulirus longipes (A. Milne-
Edwards, 1868)
2 Panulirus ornatus (Fabricius, 1798) 3 Panulirus stimpsoni Holthuis, 1963 4 Panulirus versicolor (Lafreille, 1804) 5 Panulirus penicillatus iOlivier, 1791) 6 Panulirus homarus (Liimaeus, 1758)
Tdm hiim dd Tdm hhm bdng T d m hiim m d c T d m hiim sen T d m hilm ma (tdm hiim ddu diia) T d m h u m dd (tdm hilm xanh)
lUCN. Lifin minh Quoc le Bdo ton Thifin nhifin va Tai nguyfin Thifin nhifin; DLDVN. Danh luc Do Viet Nam;
EN. Nguy cap; VU. Se nguy cap; LC. It lo ngai; DD. Thieu dan lieu; (-): Chua xep hang.
Dac diem p h a n b o Phdn bo dia ly
Cdc lodi tdm hum gai d u g c ghi nhan d KBTB Cii Lao Chdm deu phan bd d cdc viing bifin am. 0 Viet Nam, cdc loai nay phd bifin a ven b i l n m i l n Trung. Cf K B T B Cu Lao Chdm, cdc lodi ldm hiim phan bo d quanh tat ca cdc dao. Tuy nhien, n h u n g khu vyc cd tdm hilm phan bd nhieu g o m Mfii Da Bac, Bai Bac, Miii Rdng (hdn La), sau E o Gid, Da Ban, M u i Ddng (hon Lao) va Seo M d (bdn Md). Mdt sd khu vyc khac n h u Mui Nay, Ran Ld, Kinh Dai, Kinh
M o , Mui Da, Miii Dd Con, Kinh Khd va Thiing Tai ciing t h u d n g xuyfin ghi nhan su xuat hien cua cdc loai tdm hilm (hinh 2).
Theo Holttiuis (1991) [5]; Chan (1998) [4]
va Nguyfin Van Chimg va nnk. (2000) [6], cdc lodi ldm hilm gai chii yfiu phdn bd d cdc vhng bien An Dg-Tdy Thai Binh D u o n g , cdc vilng bien phia d d n g chau Phi dfin Nhat Ban, Indonensia, Ausfralia, Philippines, phia nam Trung Qudc va Polynesia. Cdc loai tom hiim gai t h u d n g xuat hien d khu vuc nudc nong thuoc viing nhifit ddi cd ngudn thitc an phong phii.
nhifiu ghfinh da va cd bien. Cdc lodi ldm hiim Ihudc vdo dp sau, dg dye, dp ba phu cua co thudng cd mdi trudng sdng khdc nhau, phu bien va hoal dgng ciia sdng biln [9].
Hinh 2 Ban dd phdn b6 ciia cac loai tdm hhm d Cii Lao Cham
mr t f I
1 i^ i ? ? 2 " g i, t.
^ g I
I I
1
Hinh 3. Phdn bd theo do sau cac loai ldm hiim ghi nhan dugc d KBTB Cu Lao Cham Phdn bo theo dg sdu
Cac loai tdm hum gai ghi nhan dugc d KBTB Cti Lao Cham ihudng phan bl d do sau tli 0,5-30 m. Trong dd, Tdm hiim do (P. longipes), Tom hiim ma (P. penicillatus) va Tdm hilm dd (P. homarus) phan b l khd gin bd, vdi do sau tir 0,5-15 m. Dac biet, chiing phan bd
tap trung nhieu d nhihig khu vyc cd do sdu khoang 10 m. Tdm hilm sen (P. versicolor) phdn bd d do sau tii 1-20 m. Theo cdc ngu dan dia phuang, loai nay tap irung phan bd chii yfiu d do sau tir 5-20 m. Tdm hum mIc (P. stimpsoni) va Tdm hilm bdng (P. ornatus) phdn b6 d khu vuc each xa bd, noi co dd sau tir 10-30 m (hinh 3).
Theo Holttiuis (1991) [5], Chang (1998) [4]
va Nguyin Van Chung va nnk. (2000) [6], cac loai ldm hiim gai phan bo chii yfiu d do sdu tir 1 den 20 m. Lodi tdm hiim ma phdn bd d do sdu khdng gud 16 m. Cac loai tdm hum khdc cd thi phan bd d do sdu tir 90-200 m.
Phdn bo theo thai gian vd kiiu dia hinh nen day Ket qua dieu fra ciia chiing tdi cho thiy, cdc loai tdm hiim ghi nhan dugc d KBTB Cu Lao Cham xual hifin quanh nam. Tuy nhifin, frong khoang thdi gian rtr thdng 3 dfin thang 7 hdng ndm, cdc loai ldm hilm d KBTB Cii Lao Chdm xuit hifin nhieu ban nhirng ihang con lai trong ndm. D^c biel, ni thdng 5-7, cac loai Tdm hiim dd (P. longipes), Tdm hiim sen (P. versicolor) va Tom hum ma (P. penicillatus) xuat hifin vdi lan suit rit cao. Trong khodng thdi gian tii thdng 9 dfin tiiang 12, hau hit cdc loai tdm hiim deu cd xu hudng giam vl sd lugng, thudng il 144
Thdnh phan va dac difim phan bo cua cac loai tdm hiim gai hoac hifim bat gap frong khai thae. Tdm hiim
mdc (P. stimpsoni) thudng sdng rifing le, phan bo a nhilng khu vuc nudc chay, nfin ddy biin hoac cdt sdi.
Panulirus longipes: xuat hifin quanh nam lai Ch Lao Cham, nhifiu nhit tii thdng 5 dfin thdng 7 va thap nhat vdo thdng 9 dfin Ihdng 12. Tdm htim do phan bd tap trung tai cac mui nudc, viing, vjnh, frong cac khe, ke dd va cdc hdc dd.
Panulirus ornatus: xual hifin quanh nam, nhieu nhat vdo thdng 4 vd thdng 5, Ihap nhat vdo ttidng 9 va thdng 10 hang ndm. Tdm hUm bdng phan bo d xung quanh dao, nhiing khu vuc cd nudc sau nhieu gfinh da, ham dd.
Panulirus stimpsoni: Tdm hilm mdc xuat hifin quanh nam, nhieu nhat vao thdng 2 dfin ihdng 4 va Ihap nhdt vdo thang thdng 7 dfin thdng 9 hdng ndm. Tdm hilm mdc thudng sdng rifing le, xuat hifin d khu vyc xa bd, cd d khu vyc ran lot, nudc chdy, khu vyc miii nudc, nai cd nfin ddy la biin vd cdt sdi.
Panulirus versicolor: Tdm htim sen thudng xuit hifin nhifiu nhat tti thdng 4 din thang 7 va thip nhit tii thdng 9 dfin tiidng 12 hang nam. T6m hiim sen phdn bo noi cd nfin ddy cd cdt sdi, khu vyc cdc ran san hd.
Panulirus penicillatus: Tdm hilm rna thudng xuit hifin nhieu nhit tii thdng 5 din tiiang 7 va ttiip nhit vdo tiiang 9 dfin tiiang 12 hang nam. Tdm hiim ma thudng phdn bd xung quanh ddo, nhiing khu vyc co nhieu r ^ san ho, ghfinh di, hdc da.
Panulirus homarus: Tdm hum dd ihudng xuit hifin nhilu nhat tu ttidng 3 dfin thdng 7 vd tiiip nhit tii ihdng 9 din thdng 12 hang nam.
Tdm hum dd phdn bd khu vyc cd ghlnh da, frong cdc khe nut hodc cdc vd hau, sd ldn chet.
Theo Nguyin Van Chung vd nnk, (2000) [6], cdc ioai Tdm hiim do (P. longipes), Tdm hum ma (P. penicillatus), Tdm hhm mdc (P.
stimpsoni') vd Tdm hiim sen (P. versicolor) thudng sdng quanh cdc dao, frong cdc hdc dd, cdc ran san hd nai cd do frong cao va sdng dap.
Cdc loai Tdm hilm dd va Tdm hiim bdng ttiudng tap trung cdc vilng can ven bd, noi cd day cdt bUn, do frong tuong ddi thdp, an frong cac hdc dd. Cdc loai Tdm hhm dd vd Tdm hhm bdng
thudng xual hifin tir thang 1 dfin thang 7. Tdm con thudng tap trung d cdc viing ven bd gan cua sdng, ciia dam, vinh, lap trung nhat vdo thang 1 dfin thdng 2 hang nam.
K E T L U ^
Da ghi nhdn dugc cd 6 loai Ihudc gi6ng T6m htim gai (Panulirus) a KBTB Cii Lao Cham, dd la T6m hiim do (P. longipes), Tdm hilm bdng (P. ornatus), Tdm hum sen (P. versicolor), Tdm hilm ma (P. penicillatus), T6m hum mdc (P.
stimpsoni) va Tdm hiim dd (P. homarus). Vdi ghi nhan 6 frong tdng 8 loai tdm hum gai da bifit d Vi^l Nam, KBTB Cii Lao Cham Id noi cd tiidnh phan Ioai tdm hum gai rat phong phu. Cdc loai tdm hiim gai d Cii Lao Cham thudng xuat hifin nhieu vdo khoang Ihdi gian lir thang 3 den thdng 7 hang nam. Chting phan bd chu yeu d nhiing noi cd nin ddy la biin, cdt soi, ran san hd tdt, nhieu hang dd, hdc dd; lap tnmg phdn bd xung quanh khu vuc Hdn Lao, Hon Md, Hdn Dai, Hdn Ld; d do sdu tir 0,5-30 m.
TAI U£U THAM KHAO
1. Bd Khoa hgc va Cdng nghfi Viet Nam, Vien Khoa hpc vd Cdng nghfi Viet Nam, 2007.
Danh luc Dd Vifit Nam. Nxb. Khoa hgc ty nhifin va Cdng nghfi, Hd Ndi.
2. Bd Khoa hgc va Cdng nghe Viet Nam, Vifin Khoa hoc va Cdng n^fi Vi?t Nam, 2007.
Sdch Dd Viel Nam, phan I - Dgng vat. Nxb.
Khoa hpc ty nhifin va Cdng nghe. Ha Npi.
3. Chan T. Y., Chu K. H., 1996. On ttie different forms of Panulirus longipes femoristriga (von Martens, 1872)
(Crustacea: Decapoda: Palinuridae), with description of a new species. J. Nat. Hist., 30: 367-387.
4. Chan T. Y., 1998. Shrimps and prawns.
Lobsters. In: FAO Species identification guide for fisheries purpose. The living marine resources of the Western Cenfral Pacific. Vol. 2. Cephalopods, crustaceans, holothurians and sharks. K. E. Carpenter &
V. H. Niem (Eds), Food and Agriculture Organization, Rome, pp. 851-1043.
5. Holthuis L. B., 1991. FAO species catalogue. Marine lobsters of the world.
LeV '10 el al
F A O Fisheries Synopsis, 13(125): 91-156. Viel Nam. T a i nguyfin m6i inrang bifin, Igp Food and Agriculfrire Organization of tiie IV. Nxb. Khoa hgc vd Ky thuat. Ha Ngi. Tr.
United Nations, Rome, Italy. 48-56.
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S P E C I E S C O M P O S I T I O N A N D D I S T R I B U T I O N A L C H A R A C T E R I S T I C S O F G E N U S Panulirus W h i t e , 1 8 4 7 ( P a l i n u r i d a e ) I N C U L A O C H A M M A R I N E
PROTECTED AREA, QUANG NAM PROVINCE
Le V a n T h o \ Le Ngoc T h a o \ Phan Doan D a n g S Huynh N g o c D i e n ^ Hoang D u e Dat' 'institute of Tropical Biology, V A S T
^Cu Lao Cham marine protected area, Quang N a m province
Among 22 spiny lobster specimens collected from the Cu Lao Cham marine protected area (MPA), Quang Nam province in May and November 2012, six species belonging to the genus Panulirus were identified: Longlegged spmy lobster {Panulirus longipes), Chinese spiny lobster (P. stimpsoni), Painted spiny lobster (P versicolor). Ornate spiny lobster (P. ornatus), Pronghom spiny lobster (P penicillatus) and Scalloped spiny lobster (P. homarus). Species of Panulirus presentty recorded at Cu Lao Cham MPA represent 75% of the spiny lobster species reported in Vietnam. Five of these are listed in the 2007 Red Data Book of Vietnam as Endangered (Panulirus longipes). Vulnerable (P. ornatus, P. versicolor and P. homarus) and Data Deficient (P stimpsoni and P. penicillatus). In Cu Lao Cham MPA, Panulirus species are most abundant in Hon Lao, Hon Mo and Hon Dai areas and Hon La island, although they occur in different habitats such as sites with mud, sand and gravel, coral reefs, caves, or rocks al a depth from 0.5 to 30 meters.
Annually, they are frequently recorded from March to July and rarely seen at other times of the year. This penod is also the breeding season of most spiny lobster species in Cu Lao Cham MPA.
Keywords: Palinuridae, Panulirus, distnbution, marine protected area, Cu Lao Cham, Quang Nam.
Ngdy nhgn bdi. 8-7-2013
