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CONG TAC CAN DO TRONG TAC PHAM
"SOA DOI LOI L A M VIEC" CUA CHU TjCH HO CHI MINH
vu TRlfONG GIANG *
Tom tat: N()i dung cot loi cua tac pham "Sffa doi loi lam viec" ciia Chit tich Ho Chi Minh la nham xay dffng do/ ngd can bo, dang vien cho che do xa hoi mdi. Bai viet phan tich ve cong tac can bg vdi cac ndl dung: I) Ve viec dao tao chuyen mon. nghiep vu cho can bg; li) Ve boi dudng vasir dung can bo; ill) Xay dung ca che iam viec cho can bo; Ve chinh saeh can dp; iv) Bd nhiem va sff dung can bo.
Tirktioa: Sffa del Idi lam viec. canbq. cong tac can bo
N
am 1947, khi quan Phap d at tan cdng Idn Viet Bac vfli tham vpng "cat vd toan bp co quan dau nao khang chien Viet Nam", thi trong can ian nhd giffa rUng, dung gid quy djnh h l n g ngay, Chu tjch Hd Chi Minh van binh ITnh ngdi danh may, hoan thanh cudn saeh "Sii^a doi loi iam viec" (lay but danh X. Y. Z)™.Tac pham gdm 6 phan: "Phe binh va sffa chffa", 'May van de kinh nghiem", "Tff each va dao dffc each mang', 'Van de can bg", 'Cich lanh dao', "Chdng thdl ba hoa". Cach viet don gian, lap luan chat ehe, y tff sau sac, bat cU ngufli can bp nao cung hieu duoc va cung deu lay dp lam can cff d l ren luyen. NPi dung edt loi cua tac pha'm la nhdm xay dung dpi ngu can bp, dang vien cho che dp xa hdi mdi.
Den nay, 70 nam da trdi qua, each mang Viet Nam da trai qua cac giai doan vfli nhffng dac
' Tien .si. Hoc vien Chinh tri Khu vUc I.
1 - Nha xuat bdn Suthat xud't hon Idn ddu tien ndm I94S, xudt bdn Idn thd 7 ndm 1959 Sau dd ditac in lai-
- Hd Chi Minh Toan lap, tdp 5. Nxb Chinh In qude gia. Ho Ndi, 2011, tr 269 - 346
- XY.Z. "Sda ddi loi iam ciec", Nxb C/iinh In quo'c gia. Ha Ndl, 2015
d i l m khac nhau, dpc lai "Sti'a doi loi lim viec".
ehung ta van thay nhu chinh Chu tjch Hd Chi Minh dang ndi chuyen vfli minh, dang nghiem khac phe binh nhffng thieu sot cua minh trong hdnh dpng va ngay ca trong suy nghT. Dac biet, ehffng ta ludn tim thay nhffng Ifli khuydn bao chan tinh, sdu sac, nhffng giai dap giup ren luyen va phan dau mpt each tdt hon.
Trong tdc pham "Sffa ddi Idi lam vide" Chff tjch Hd Chi Minh da neu ra ba thff benh chu yeu ma can bp, dang vidn can phai chffa. Dd la, benh chu quan, benh Ich k^, benh hep hoi.
Ngfffli gpi mOi benh da la mPt ke djeh. "MS ke dich ben trong la ban dong minh cda ke dich ben ngoai. Dich ben ngoai khdng ding s a Dich ben trong dang sg han vi no pha hoai tff trong pha ra"'''. Ngfffli phan tieh rat sau sac ve benh hep hpi' "Cd nhieu dong chi cd benh tu ton, tu dai, khlnh re ngudi ta, khong mudn biet mudn hoc nhffng uu diem cua ngudi khic... Cdng vl benh hep hdl ma khong biet dung nhan tai, viec gl cung dm lay het dm lay het thi co nhien lam khong noi...''". D l khac phue nhffng benh dp.
2 - Hd Chi Minh Todn tdp, tap .5, Sdd, tr 278.
3 - Ho ChiMinh Todn lap, tdp 5, Sdd. tr278.
TAP CHi GIAO DUC LY LUAN - SO 259 (4/2017)
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Ngfffli yeu cau: "Md/ cin bd, moi dang vien, moi ngay phai tu klem diem, tu phe binh, tu sira chffa, nhu moi ngay phai rffa mat. Dugc nhu the thi trong Dang se khdng cd benh ma Dang se manh khoe vo cung"'"'.
Thuc te hien nay, cung cdn khdng It can bd, dang vidn trong cae co quan, dfln vi, co sfl, tac phong, le Idi lam vide chua khoa hpc, quan lieu, thieu dan chu va mac cac chffng benh chij quan, ich kj, hep hOI, nhung lai chffa biet tff phe binh va chffa dffoc phe binh kjp thfli. Neu can bd, dang vien thuflng mac nhffng chUng bdnh nay se anh huflng Ifln den chat luong, hidu qua thuc hien nhiem vu dupe giao khdng ehl cffa ca nhan can bd, dang vien dd ma cua ca tap the co quan, dfln vj, Cfl sfl do. Neu can bp, dang vidn giff chUe vu lanh dao (fl bat eU cap nao) mac nhffng ehffng benh nay thi cdn nguy hai hon nhieu. Bfli vl, ngufli cdn bd Idnh dao mac benh chii quan thuflng cho rang mpi viec minh da lam deu tdt ea roi, tham chi khdng ai cd the Idm tdt hon the va khi cd al gdp y dieu gi se khPng thdnh tam Idng nghe hoac khdng nghe. Lau dan se khdng ai gdp y nffa nen khuyet diem nhd khong dffpe sffa ehffa kjp thfli trfl thanh khuyet diem to. Ngufli can bp lanh dao ma mac benh ich ky, hep hPi thuflng dm ddm mpi viec, vi giao bdt viec cho can bp lai so quyen luc bj chia se hoac bj giam.
Nhu vay se khdng phat huy dupe tinh chu dpng, sang tao cffa can bp dudi quyen, khPng phat huy duoc tri tud eua tap the trong thuc hien nhiem vu chinh tri duflc giao.
Trong tac pha'm "Sij'a doi loi lam viec", Chu tjch Hd Chi Minh phd binh nhffng khuyet diem, yeu kem trong cdng tac can bp, ddng thfli dd ra nhffng quan diem vd giai phap ve van de can bp.
- Ve viec dao tao chuyen mdn, nghiep vu cho can bo;
Vi can bp la eai "gdc" cua mpi edng viec. do dd, huan luyen can bp la cong viec "gdc" cua Dang. Chu tjch Hd Chi Minh chi rd huan luyen
4 - Hd Chi Minh Todn tap, Idp 5, Sdd, Ir 279
nghe nghiep chP can bd la khau dau tidn. Vi, vd luan can bd d mpn nao, Idm nghd nao, nganh nao cung phai hpc cho thanh thao cdng vide fl mon ay; ddng thfli, phai nghlen cffu nhffng chinh saeh, ehl thj, nghj quyet cDa Dang va Chinh phff;
hpc tap nhffng kinh nghiem thanh cdng va that bai; hpc tap Ijeh sff truyen thdng each mang va Sff phat triln trong tffng thfli ky... Theo dd, viec huan luydn phai sap xep each day vd hpc, kiem tra ket qua, sao eho can bd dan dan dl den thao cdng viec; huan luydn ehlnh trj, mdn nao cung phai cd; can coi trpng nang cao kien thffc van hda.
- Ve boi dffdng vi sir dung cin bg;
Theo quan diem cua Chff tjch Hd Chi Minh, Dang ludn nudi day can bd nhu ngufli lam vufln vun trdng nhOng cay cdi quy bau; trpng nhan tai, trpng can bd, trpng mpi mpt ngufli cP ich eho cOng viec chung cffa chung ta. Dang phai bill rd can bd, xem xet lai nhan tai vd tim nhdn tai mfli.
Phai cat nhac can bp cho dung; can bp phai duoc tap the tin cay va phai bd tri dung ngdnh nghd dao tao, huan luyen. Mdt trong nhOng van de Chu tich Hd Chi Minh dac biet quan tam, dd Id dat dung ngufli vao dung cdng viec thich hpp:
Phai khdo dung can bd. Chung ta phai biet tuy tdi ma dung ngufli. Phai phan phdi can bd eho dung. Phai dung ngufli dung chd, dung viec. Khi da dat can bp thich hop vfli cPng viec, can tiep tuc giup hp cP dieu kien hoan thanh cong vide mpt each cP hieu qua: LuPn luPn dung IPng than ai ma giup dd, lanh dao can bp; giup hp sffa chffa nhffng chP sai lam; khen ngpi hp lue ho iam dupe viee, va phai luPn kiem soat can bp, giff gin can PP. Ngfffli nhan manh, ddi vfli cdng tae cdn bd cua Dang ta, viee xdy dffng quy hoach. dao tao, bdi dffdng. cat nhac va kiem tra can bd la mpt quy trinh lien hoan, yeu cau thuc hien nghiem tuc, tnet d l . Can bp duoc de bat la dffa vao ea qua trinh tu dffflng. ren luyen, phan dau. Sau khi nhan chffc trach. lai tiep tuc dUflc td chffc quan tam theo doi. giup dfl kiem tra. Co nhu vay, cdng tac can bp eua Dang mfli dem lai hieu qua thiet thuc cho su nghiep each mang.
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- Xiy dffng ca che lim viec cho can dp;
ChD tjch Hd Chi Minh ehi ra cd nam each xay dung cfl ehe lam vide cho can bd.
Cach thU nhat la chi dao - tha ra cho hp lam, thff cho hp phu trach, du sai lam chut it cung khpng so. Nhung phai ludn ludn tuy hoan canh ma ehl dan cho hp ve phuflng huflng va each thffc cdng tae d l phat triln nang lire va sang kiln.
Cich thff hai la ludn bdi dudng cdn bp, nang cao tu tudng, trinh dp ly luan va each lam vide cho hp.
Cich thff ba la thuflng xuyen kilm tra de giup hp rfft kinh nghiem, sffa chffa khuyd't dilm, phat triln uu dilm.
Cich thff tu la khi hp sai lam thi dung each thuyet phue giup ho sffa ehffa, eai tao.
Cach thff nam la giup dfl hp dieu kien sinh sdng day du ma lam viec. Tuy hoan eanh ma giup hp khi dm dau, khi gia dinh hp gap khP khan. Nhffng dieu dp quan he vfli tinh than cua can bp, va su than ai doan ket trong Dang.
- Ve chinh sich cin bg;
Theo Hd Chi Minh, van dd nhan xdt va ddnh gia can bd la van dd khdng don gian. Biet ngufli ed nhien la khd. tu bidt minh cung khdng dd.
Ndu khdng biet su phai trai fl minh, thi chac khPng the nhan ra ngufli can bp tdt hay xau.
Ngfffli edn chi ro, edc ehffng benh cffa can bp ta nhu: tu cao tu dai; ua ngfffli ta ninh minh; do IPng yeu, ghet cua minh md ddi vfli ngfffli; dem mpt eai khuPn khd nhat dinh, chat hep ma lap vao tat ca mpi ngufli khac nhau. Pham mpt trong bdn benh dd cung nhu mat da mang kinh cd mau, khdng bao gifl thau ro cai mat that cua nhOng cdi minh trong. Vi vay. nhan xet can bp khdng nen chi xdt ngodi mat. chi xet mdt luc.
mpt viec, ma phai xet ky ca toan cPng vide cua can bd. Do dd. nhan xet ddnh gia can bp phai xuat phat tU hien thuc khach quan, vfli quan diem loan dien, lich sff, cu thi. Qua dd mfli biet chd tdt va chd xau cua cdn bp. tU dd ma nang cao chd tdt. sffa chUa chp xau
- Kheo dimg can bd;
Muc dich khdp dung can bd, cot d l thuc hanh day dO chinh saeh cffa Dang va Chinh phd.
Ddng thfli, chong nhffng chUng benh nhu: ham dung ngufli ba con, anh em quen biet, bau ban, chp hp la chac chan hon ngufli ngoai. Ham dung nhffng ke njnh hdt minh, ma chdn ghet nhffng ngfffli chinh true... Vi nhffng vide dd, kit qua la du hp cP Idm bay, minh cung cU bao dung, che chfl khien cho chung ngay cang hu hong. Ddl vfli nhffng ngufli chinh true thi "bfli Idng tim vet" dl tra thu. Nhu thi, cd nhien hdng ca vide cua Dang, hong ca danh gid cua ngufli lanh dao.
- Phai cd gan ca't nhac can bd. Phai vl cdng tac, tai nang, vl cd dpng cho dong chi khac them hang hdi. Nhu the, cdng vide nhat djnh ehay. Neu vl Idng yeu ghet, vi thdn thich, vi ne nang, nhat djnh khdng ai phue, ma gay nen mat doan ket trong Dang. Nhu the la cd tpi vdi Dang, cd tdi vfli ddng bao. Truflc khi eat nhac cdn bp, phai nhan xdt rd rdng. phai can cff vao ket qua cPng vide hp lam, each ndi, each viet va each sinh hoat..
- ThffOng yeu cdn bp la ludn ludn chu y den cdng tdc cua hp, h i thay khuyd't dilm thi glup hp sira ngay, ddng thfli phai neu rd nhung uu diem, nhOng thdnh edng cffa hp. Lam the khdng phai la lam cho hp kieu cang, ma cP't Idm cho hp them hang hdi, them gang sffe. Ddi vfli can bp sai lam. chung ta khdng so cd sai lam va khuyet diem, chi sa khdng chju cd gang sffa chffa sai lam va khuyd't diem. Va cang so nhffng ngffdi lanh dao se khong bidt tim dung each de giup cdn pp sffa chffa sai lam va khuyd't dilm. Sff sffa chffa khuyet diem, mdt phan cd nhien Id trach nhiem cua can bp dp, nhung cung mdt phan trach nhidm cua ngufli lanh dao. Sffa ehffa sai lam ed nhien can dung each thuyet phue, giai thich, cam hpa, day bao. Song khdng phai tuyet nhidn khdng dung xff phat. Ndu khdng xff phat thi se mat ca k^ luat, thi se md dudng eho bpn cd y phd hoai.
Tdm iai, tac pha'm "Si>a doi Idl lam viec" da liet kd rat nhieu "loal benh" ma can bp, dang vidn
TAP CHi G I A O DUC LY LUAN - SO 259 (4/2n 171
NBHIEN ciu, HBC TAP TUTUJNB, BABBliC, PHBNE BABH HB BHJMINH
cd t h i mdc phdi. Ndn cd t h i col tac pha'm nay nhu mdt cam nang ve khac phue sal lam va khuylt dilm. Tdc gia nhu mpt thay thude tai gidi vffa bat dung bdnh vUa chi ro nguydn nhan va tac hai, vffa cho each chUa hidu nghiem.
Trong glal doan cdch mang hidn nay, va truflc yeu cau chu ddng hpi nhap kinh te qude te, vide nghien cffu, tuydn truyen, hpc tap va lam theo tu tuflng, dao dUc, phong each Hd Chi Minh trong tdc pham "St^a doi Idl lam viec" cd y nghTa to Ifln va rat quan trpng ddl vfli mdi can bp, dang vidn; gpp phan xay dung Dang that su trong saeh, vffng manh.
Hpe tap va lam theo tff tuflng, dao dffc, phong each Hd Chi Minh, mdi cdn bp, dang vidn hay bat dau tff viee hang ngay Iff minh kiem
diem lai cdng vide va ddi chieu vfli chffc trach, nhiem vu duoc giao xem viec gi da hoan thanh tot, vide gi da lam nhung cdn han c h i , thilu sdt va vide gi chua lam duoc, d l kjp thfli rut kinh nghidm, cd ke hoach, bien phap bd khuylt, thuc hien tdt hfln chffc trdch, nhiem vu duoc giao.B
Tdi lieu tham khdo
1. Ho CU Mmh Todn Kip (2011), tap 5, Nxh Chinh tri quoc gia, Hd Noi
2. BUI Binh Phong (2006): 'Tu Iuang Ho Chi
!\4inh ve cdn bq vd cong tdc cdn bg ", Nxh LMO dong, Hd Noi.
3. l\4iich QuangThdng (2009): 'Td tudng Hd Chi Minh ve cdn bd vd cdng lac cdn bd ", Tap chi Gido due Iy luan, so'l ,tr 3 - 9.
MOT SO NGUYEN TAC XAY DUNG DAO OUliC CACH MANG...
{tiep theo trang 5)
Trill ly phat triln cua Hd Chi Minh xuat phat tU tiep can van hda dao dffc. Hd Chi Minh t h i hidn Sff tid'p can ay thPng qua ngon ngff ndi va viet va thong qua thff ngdn ngff dac bidt la hanh ddng trong cupc sdng. Trong xa hpi hidn thfli, con ngfffli ta bj chi phdi bfli phap luat. DP IP ly do tai sao khPng it ngufli cho ring, phat triln phai tren cai nen "phap tn" ehff khong theo "dffc tri"; rang, eai ma theo dffc thi xa hpi dau cP phat tnen, phai theo phap thi xa hpi, ca cd - kim, dpng - tay, mdi phat triln dupe Thuc ra, giffa phap va dffc cija xa hdi hien thfli cua thfli 3.0, khd ma eat lat mdt each rach rdi. La thay. Hd Chi Minh ia mdt ngfffli di trffflc, dung nhuyen ca "phap trj" va "dffc trj"
khpng theo duy ly va cung ching theo duy tinh, ma rat Viet Nam: VUa ed ly vffa cP tinh. Tren tinh than do, Hd Chi Minh bleu dat nhung quan diem rat eo ban va trong thue td da dd xuflng nhffng nguyen tae xay dung dao dUc mfli, dao dUc cdch
mang, khac vfli dao dffc eu - thU dao dUc nhu Hd Chi Minh quan nidm la nhu dau nguac xudng dat, chan chong len trfli.
Nam 2017, nhan dan Viet Nam k^ niem 127 nam Ngay sinh cua Hd Chi Minh. Day eung la nam thU hai Dang lanh dao thuc hidn Nghj quyet Dai hpi XII. Trong da dua dat nufle phat triln nhanh va ben vffng, viee da'y manh hpe tap va iam theo tu tudng, dao dffc, phong each Hd Chi Minh nhu Chi thj sd 03-CTmM ngdy 15-5-2016 ciia Bp Chinh trj Trung upng Dang khoa XII, Hd Chi Minh, quan diem dao dffc eung nhff tam gffong sang eua Ngufli, vdn la nhffng gia trj van hda bat diet cua dan tdc Viet Nam. Nhan biet nhUng gia tri dd va hpe tap, lam theo tam guong cua Hd Chi Minh v i n la yeu cau dat ra cho nhung ngufli Viet Nam yeu nude. NhOng gia trj dd la gid tfl van hda dan dffdng cho su vuon len Chan - Thien - My.0
TAP CHI G I A O DUC LY LUAN - SO 259 (4/2017)
