Ngo Tri Mai va Dtg Tap chf KHOA HQC & CONG NGHE 173(13): 39-43
MO PHONG VUNG PHAT TAN BUI TlT NHA MAY XI MANG LONG SON Ng6 Tri Mai', Kiiu Quoc Lip^' 'Vi4n Vgt /)! - Vien Han lam Khoa hpc va Cong ngh? Vi?l Nam
^Truang Dai hgc Khoa hoc - DH Thdi nguyen TOM TAT
Bii bio trinh biy kit qui ling dung phuang phap md hinh trong md phong viing vi ning do phit lin byi tir Nha may xi ming Long Son, c6ng suit 2,3 triSu tin/nim. Trong hai trudng hop: He thing byi hogt dflng hiSu qui (sii dyng md hinh Gauss vi Arcview); Diy chuyin sin xuit gap sy co din den toin bd lugng byi khdng dupe xil 1;^ (sil dung md hinh Berliand vi Arcview). Kit qua cho thay:
Khi hS thdng xii l^? bui hoat dpng in djnh, tai tit ci cic khoang cich vi vi trf phit tin ning dp byi diu nim trong gidi hgn cua QCVN 23:2009/BTNMT. Tnrdng hgp quy trinh sin xuit, h? thing xu 1^ byi gap sy cfl, ning dp byi vugt ngudng ttr 3,2-8 lin o trong pham vi bin khih tir 500-1600 m.
O khoing cich dudi 500 m va trln 1600 m, miic dS phit thai bui khong Idn nhung cfing vupt ngudng khoang 1,5 -3 lin. Ngoai pham vi 3000 m nhin chung khing chju sy chi phii ciia bui lan tmyin tir Nhi miy.
Tir khoa; md hinh Gauss, md hinh Berliand, GIS, phdl Idn biii. xi mang Long Son DAT VAN DE
Hiln nay, 6 nhiem bui tai cac ca sd sin xuat vgt lieu ndi chung dang li van de dugc cdng ddng quan tam, dgc biet li tgi cac nha miy ggch, xi mang do dgc diem cdng ngh? vi tinh chat ngudn thii. Nha may xi mang Long San tgi thj xa Bim San, tinh Thanh Hda dugc dau tu xay dung vi di vao hoat dgng til thing 6 nim 2016, vdi cdng suit 2,3 trieu tan xi mang/nam. Khi nha may di vao hoat ddng da iip dat he thong xii ly bui va khi thii ddng bg.
Tuy nhien chua co nghiln ciiu tinh toan ve kha nang phat tin byi ciia nha miy trong cac trudng hgp cy the.
6 Viet Nam da cd nhieu cdng trinh khoa hgc nghien cuu ve miic do phat tan cac chat d nhiem vao khdng khi ung dung md hinh Gauss va mgt sd md hinh lan truyen khic, tuy nhiln viec phan vung d nhilm trong trudng hgp he thing xir 1^ byi gap su ci hiu nhu chua dugc di cgp [1], [2], [4]. Vdi md hinh Gauss hay md hinh Berliand, ben cgnh uu diim li du bio nong do va khoing cich phat tin cic chat d- nhilm thi han chi Idn nhit ia chua xic dinh dugc mdc do phat tan nen hien trang khdng gian lanh thd. Kit hgp dong thdi cic md hinh si giiip tac gia xac dinh dugc
* Tel: 0985 281380. Email [email protected]
nong do byi theo khoing each va ban kinh phat tin gin vdi nin hiln trang trong 02 trudng hgp diln hinh; (1) HI thdng xii ly bui hogt ddng binh thudng (dat cdng suit va hieu suit dung -thiit kl); (2) Trudng hgp day chuyin san xuat hoac he thdng xir ly bui gap sy cd.
Bii bao trinh bay ket qui chay md hinh Gauss vi Berliand, ling dung HI thong thdng tin dia ly (GIS - su dyng phan mem Arcview) de phan viing anh hudng tii bui phit tan ra moi trudng tai Nhi may xi mang Long Son vi viing phu can. Kit qui nghiln ciiu da chi rd phgm vi phit tin trong cic trudng hgp cu the, tao CO sd cho cac nhi quan ly chu ding xay dyng phuang an ling phd khi cd nii ro su co xay ra tirNha may.
DOI TUONG VA PHUONG PFIAP NGHIEN CUU
D6i tupng nghiin cA-u: Quy trinh san xuit va nguon phat thii Nhi may xi mang Long San trong hai trudng hgp: (1) HI thong xii ly bui hogt ddng hilu qui; (2) He thdng xu ly byi gap su CO khi day chuyen sin xuat dang van hanh.
Phu-ffng phap nghiin ciru: Bin cgnh cac phuang phap truyin thdng troug nghien ciiu mdi trudng; dieu tra khao sat thyc dja, tdng hgp phan tich so lieu,... Phuang phap chu yiu 39
Ng6 Tri Mai va Dig Tap chi KHOA HQC & CONG NGH? 173(lJj: jy-4i dugc su dung trong nghiln cdu nay la phuang
phap md hinh.
Md hinh Gauss: Ca sd mo hinh nay la bieu thiic ddi vdi phan bd chuan hay con ggi la phin bi Gauss. Cic chit d nhilm trong khi quyen dugc ip dung cho nguon thai dilm la dng khdi Id nung Nha may xi mang Long San. Md hinh dugc 1^ tudng hoa va ap dyng vdi nin khi tugng on dinh, dieu kiln tgi be mat dit la khdng ddi tgi mgi khoang each nai diln ra su lan truyen dam may khi [2].
Md hinh Berliand: Md ta qui trinh lan truyin vi khuich tan chit d nhilm trong khong khi theo khdng gian, ap dyng trong diiu kien khi tugng in dinh, vdi do cao H [3].
Phumg phap GIS; Sit dyng kj thuat GIS (phin mem Arcview) chdng ghep cac ban dd thinh phin dugc xay dyng tir md hinh Gauss va md hinh Beriiand thanh mgt ban do vdi cac dgc tinh hoan toan khic so vdi cic loai bin do thong thudng [5].
KET QUA NGHIEN CUU VA THAO LUAN Dieu kien tinh todn; Theo thiet kl toan bg lugng bui phat sinh tir cac cong dogn dugc thu gom bdi cac thiet bi igc bui tiii vii vi Igc byi tinh dien, sau dd thoat qua ong khoi co chieu cao 100 m, dudng kinh mieng dng khdi 3,5 m. Tinh toin trong 02 trudng hgp: He thong xii ly byi hoat dgng hieu qui va khdng hi?u qua. Khi he thdng xit ly byi khong hoat dgng, tinh toia trong trudng hgp d nhilm bui la Idn nhit.
Sd liiu khi tugng; Sit dung tir sd lieu cua Dii Khi tugng Thiiy vin tinh Thanh Hoa (Bang 1).
Cdc budc thirc hien: Cdng tic phin viing d nhilm byi chinh la vi?c su dung kj thuit GIS (phan mem Arcview) chdng ghep cac ban do thinh phin dugc xay dyng tii mo hinh Gauss thinh mgt bin dd vdi cac die tinh khic so vdi cac loai ban do thong thudng. Qui trinh niy
dugc tien hanh qua cac budc chinh; (1) Xac dinh cac thong sd mdi trudng nin de sii dung trong md hinh Gauss va md hinh Berliand; (2);' Sii dung phan mem Gauss va Berliand dua cac thong so vl he thong xu ly bui dl c6 mo hinh phat tan; (3) Xic dinh tga do cic giao diim va tiin hanh chong ghep ban di Gauss vi Berliand tren nin ban dd hien trang; (4) Kit hgp dii lieu khong gian va dii lieu thugc tinh cua hai Idp ban do.
Ket qua chay mo hinh Gauss kit hgp voi GIS trudng hop he thong xir ly bui hoat dong hilu qua
Ong khoi nha may cd chilu cao 100 m, dudng kinh milng ong khdi 3,5 m, nhilt dg khf thaii 200 *'C, tdc do phut khdi thai 15 m/s, liru lugng 145,68 m^/s. Tii lugng bui: 5,3 mVs.
Dya vao kit qua chay md hinh vi so do phan vung 6 nhiem theo hai hudng gid chii dgo cho thiy:
Trong dilu ki?n khi quyen on dinh, khoing each phat tan chat d nhiem dao ddng trong khoing tir 300 -1900 m, dgt eye dgi d khoang each tu 800 -1000 m, tai chin dng khoi gia tri cic chit 5 nhilm gin nhu bing 0. Nhu vay, 6 khoang each trln 1900 m tinh tir chin ing khdi, cic doi tugng nhu h§ thong dudng giao thdng Hd Qu^ Ly, Phung Khic Khoan, Le Trgng Tan (each Nhi may khoang 400 -500 m); khu dan cu tap trung phuong Dong San (cich nhi may khoang 600 m) si bi bao triim m$t phin bdi bui phat tan (Hinh 2 &4).
Nong dg bui Idn nhit do ngu6n thii gay ra vio miia he la 1,12 mg/m^ miia ddng la 1,01 mg/m' (Hinh 1 &3). Nhu vay, gia tri bui eye dgi theo hai miia khong cd sy khac bi?t ro ret, tuy nhiln vio miia he nong do bui co xu hudng cao va khoing each phat tan cung xa han, gii tri dgt cue dgi ciia miia he trong khoing 1000 m, miia ddng la 800 m.
Bang 1. Nhiit do trung binh, van tdc gid trung binh khu vtrc Nhd mtjy xi mang Long Sar.
Maa Dong HS
Nhift ao,
" C 21,4 37,2
Gio chu dao Van tdc, m/s Hu'^g
2,3 Tay Nam 2 Dong Nam
Cdp dn dinh khfquyin
3 2
Vdng c6 khd nang chju tdc tdc dong
D6ngBac « TSyBac ! Ngudn: Ddi Khi lucmg Thuy van linh Thanh Hda, 2016
Ngo TrA Mai va Dig Tap chi KHOA HQC & CONG NGHE 173(13): 3 9 - 4 3
^
Hinh 1. Bdn ddphdt thdi bui tgi dng khdi vao n
Hinh 3. Bdn ddphdt Ihdi bgl tai dng khdi vdo miia dong N e u phan ra l i m 03 viing chju anh h u d n g cua byi tii qua trinh hogt dgng tai N h i may, se cho t h i y trong khoang dudi 700 m nong do bui chii yeu anh h u d n g den hoat dgng cua N h a may va he thong d u d n g giao thdng lan
can, tuy n h i l n ham lugng thap dudi Quy c h u i n Viet Nam (QCVN 23:2009/BTNMT);
tir 700 -1100 m rai v i o viing nguy h i i m khi dat ngudng phat thai toi da, -tii 1100 -2000 m cac khu v y c dan cu, hoat ddng s i n xuat ndng nghiep cua ngudi dan ciing chiu tac dgng tir qua trinh nay.
D u a vao ket qua phan viing cho thay: Khi d khoang each c i n g xa thi khong gian byi phat tan ra mdi trudng xung quanh c i n g rgng. Tuy nhien khi day chuyen san xuat xi mang cua N h a may hogt dgng binh thudng, va he thong xit ly hoat ddng h i l u qua thi ndng do bui d mgi khoang c i c h nam trong gidi ban cho phep theo Q C V N . Liic nay moi trudng lam v i l e cua c i n bg, cdng nhan vien tgi N h a may, va siic khde ciia cdng dong dan cu khu vuc lan can tai thi xa Bim Son d u g c dam bao.
Iti^CHaltilm^m^t H ( i ^ ^
Hinh 5, Bdn do phat thdi bui dng khdi trudng h^p hi ihong xu ly hogt dpng khdng hieu qua
Igo Tri Mai va Dtg Tap chi KHOA HQC & CONG NGHE 173(13): 39-4J Ket qua chay mo hinh Berliand Itet hgp vdi
GIS trudng hop he thong xir ly bui hoat dong Idling hieu qua
Khi cd sy ci ve chap dien, huhon^ day chuyin, thiet bj xii ly khdi bui dan din cic chit 6 nhilm phat tan ra mdi trudng xung quanh, so lieu diu ra tai dng khdi lihu sau:
nhiet dg khi thai 250 °C, toe do phyt khdi thii 19 nJs, luu lugng 445,26 mVs, tai lugng byi 350 m^/s.
Hmli 6 Sa do phut lan bui lai ong khdi trudng h<p-p he thdng xic ly hoai ddng khdng hieu qua Ndng dg eye dai byi phat sinh la 75,11 mg/m^
trong vdng ban kinh khoang 900 -1100 m, cung trong phgm vi niy nong do bui dao ddng tit 63,05 -75,11 mg/m' vugt QCVN khoing 6 -7,5 lin. Tai bin kinh tii' 500 -900 m va 1100 -1600 m ndng dg bui vugt quy chuin khoang tir 3 -5 lan. Viing chin ong khdi va tu khoang cich 1600 -2800 m du bio ndng dg bui cd vugt ngudng nhung khong Idn, khi d bin kinh tren 2800 m du bio ham lugng bui cd xu the tien ve gan vdi nen hien trang. Nhu vay khi d trudng hgp 2, pham vi, doi tugng, miic dg tic dgng deu Idn hon trudng hgp 1,'cuthi:
Tat ca cac ddi tugng trong vdng ban kinh 2,5 km se chiu anh hudng tryc tiip ciia lugng bui phat sinh. Giao thdng qua lai trong viing, dan cu sinh sdng (dgc biet la din cu phuong Ddng San), cac nhi miy lin can, hoat ddng sin xuit nong nghiep se chiu thiet hgi tu qua trinh niy.
Ngoai pham vi ban kinh 3000 m, va trong phgm vi khoang 500 m tinh tir diim phat thii nong do cic chit thii nam trong ngudng gidi 42
han cho phep. Nhu vay, trong trudng hgp gap su CO lien quan din he thong xii ly khi khoi, him lugng bui khdng anh hudng nhiiu din chit lugng khdng khi khu vuc Nha may.
Ngoai ra, trong trudng hgp he thong xii ly b^i gap su cd, miic do phat tan byi cdn phy thu6c vao cic yeu to mdi trudng xung quanh, dJic biet la toe dg gid va hudng gid. Theo tinii toin tir mo hinh gia dinh, vdi gid miia Tay Nam tic dd gid tang 2 m/s, miic do bui ph^
tan se tang 1,67 lan, nong do bui giam 12,34 mg/m^; gid miia Ddng Nam tdc do gid ting 2 m/s, muc do bui phat tan se tang 1,82 lan, ning do bui giam 11,96 mg/m\
KET LUAN
Nghiln ciiu nay da danh gia dugc muc dg phat tan cic chit 6 nhilm vio mdi trudng ciia Nha may xi mang Long San, sit dung hai phuong phap: (1) Sii dyng mo hinh Gauss va phin mim Arcview dy bao khoang each lao truyen, nong do cua bui trong trudng hpp h?
thing byi boat dgng hilu qui; (2) Sii' dyngmo hinh Berliand vi Arcview d trudng hgp gap su CO din den toan bg lugng bui khdng duoc xit ly. Kit qua tinh toan va md phdng cho thay: Ndng do bui Idn nhat do ngudn thai gi)' ra dao ddng tur 1,0! -1,12 mg/m^, cich cMi ong khdi khoing 800 -1000 m. Tai vi tri pha sinh byi ndng dg la nhd nhit, tang din deuvi dat cue dai d khoang cich 900 m, sau do gian din vi kit thiic d khoing 2000 m. Tai tatc cic khoang each va vi tri phat tan ndng dp b) diu nam trong gidi han ciia QCV>
23:2009/BTNMT, cac doi tugng diu khoni chiu inh hudng tir qui trinh phit sinh bui Trudng hgp quy trinh san xuit, he thong xil I]
bui gap su CO, ndng do byi vugt ngudng li 3,2 -8 lan d trong pham vi ban kinh tii^50D 1600 m. CJ khoang each dudi 500 m vi 1«
1600 m, miic do phat Ihii bui tuy khong loi nhung cung dao dgng trong khoang 1,5 -3 iS"
Ngoii pham vi 3000 m nhin chung khong # sy chi phoi ciia byi lan truyen tii Nha miy. i Doi vdi nhiing khu vuc d nhiem tiem nai»
(khu vyc dudng Ho Quy L ryng ?W.
Ng6 Trt Mai vo Big Tap chi KHOA HQC & CONG NGHS 173(13): 39 - 43 Khac Khoan va dir6ng Le Trpng Tan va mpt H6a", Tgp chi Khoa hoc va Cdng ngh? cac trttdng phan viing dan cu tap tmng o phutmg Dong ^'"' '">' ^^ " ' " * '^f'''' "• ^'"3^-
Son), Iciln nghi ca s4 san xuit kit hpp vol ^' ^^ ° " * '="'="• "*"' "^^ T " " P " ' ' ) ' " « E
„.. , i *• I - J . , ., dyng mo hinh Gauss tinh toin tai lugng phit tai chinh quyen dia phuang xay dyne cac bien ,l.,Z.-^ ' . > . . • j L . d= • ,t -i-i -I 1-1 J V & u-v" y^j ^ nguon thai do hoat dSng giao thong cua phip glim thieu tic hgi cua bui nhu; Trdng j^inh phi Hi N6i", Tap chi Khoa hoc, DHQG Hd cay xanh tao vinh dai, tang cudng quan 1^ san i^^i^ 33(2), tr.2l-28.
xuat trinh xay ra su co, lip dat he thong giim 3. Biii Ti Long (2008), Md hinh hda mdi trudng, sat online di khi ham lugng bui vugt quy Nxb Dai hoc Quoc gia TP.HCM.
chuin cho phep cin diing san xuat. 4. Ngo Tri Mai (2016), "Ap dung mo hinh Gauss trong tfnh toan dy bao lan truyin khi thii ciia Nha TAI LIEU THAM K H A O miy xi ming Long Son", Tgp chi Khoa hgc vd , _., ^ i, ^ , ^, ~ • Cdng nghi - Dgi hgc Thdi Nguyen, 159(14), I. Phgm Thi Anh, Nguyen Duy Hieu, Bui Ti tr 147-152
Long (2010), "Mo phdng 6 nhilm khong khi tu e' T = T^- D- T - ,-.n^n\ r^-- ^' i TI- iguin thai c6ng nghiep tai khu vuc cd dia hinh dii ^; J'^ ^ ' ^ ^ ^ ^^"^ ^2''^^^' ^"^^ '"'"^ "' iiii: trudng hgp nha may xi ming Bim Son, Thanh """"^ '^^"^ "" ^''^ ^ ' '^"^ '^^"e nghiep.
SUMMARY
SIMULATE DUST DISPERSION AREA AT LONG SON CEMENT FACTORY Ngo Tra Mai', Kieu Quoc Lap^' 'institute of Physics - VAST. ^University of Sciences.- TNU This article displays the result of utilising modeling method in simulating the area and concentration of dust dispersion at Long Son cement factory, with a capacity of 2.3 million tons/year. In both cases: When the dust filtering system working as mtended (using Gauss and ArcView); and when the dust filtering system malfunction and fail to cleanse the dust (using Berliand and ArcView). The results show: When the dust processing system workmg property, at all distances and different dispersion locations, the concentration of dust in the air is with in limit of 23:2009/BTNMT National Standards. In the event of production procedure failure and dust filtering system maltiinction, the concentration of dust in the au is 3.2-8 times above the acceptable level widi a radius from 500 -1600 m. At a distance less than 500m and more than 1600 m, dust congregation isn't as great but it's still l.S-3 times above the suitable level for an unpolluted environment. At a radius greater than 3000 m, in general, the ah- quality isn't affected by the dust from the cement factory.
Keywork: Gauss Model, berliand Model, GIS, dust dispersion. LongSon cement
/gdy nh$n bdi: 30/8/2017; Ngay phdn bien: 13/9/2017; Ngay duyitdSng: 30/11/2017
iTel 0985281380, Email- kieuquoclap@gmadcom
