P H A T
HUY VAI TRO CUA Tl/ QUAN THON, LANG TRONG XAY DUlSfG NONG THON M O I
6 VIET NAM HIEN NAY
Le Thi Thu ••
Tom tdt: ChUdng trinh muc tieu qudc gia xdy dUng ndng thdn mdi (NTM) la chUOng trinh tong the ve phdt trien kinh te- xd hdi, chinh tri vd an ninh qudc phdng trien khai tren phgm vi ndng thdn todn quoc. De trien khai chUdng trinh dgt hieu qud, cdn ndng cao vai trd lanh dgo, qudn ly cua Ddng, Nhd nUdc vd cdc to chdc chinh tri - xd hpi, ddng thdi phdt huy vai trd cua md hinh tU qudn thdn, ldng (TQTL). Tren cd sd khdi qudt nhUngyeu cdu ddt ra, bdi viet de xudt mpt sd gidi phdp phdt huy vai trd cua TQTL trong trien khai thUchiin ChUdng trinh muc tieu qudc gia xdy dUng NTM d nUdc ta hien nay
Td khda: ndng thdn mdi; xdy dUng ndng thdn; thdn, ldng; tU qudn
Abstract: The national target program on new rural construction is a comprehensive pro- gram on socio-economic development, politics and national security and defense, which is implemented by the government on village nationwide. To implement the program effec- tively, it is necessary to promote the role of the Party, the State, socio-political organizations.
and promote the role of self-management model in villages is indispensable. On the basis of the general requirements, the article proposes a number of solutions to promote the role of self-management model in villages in the implementation of the national target program to build new rural construction.
Keywords: new countryside; rural construction; village; self-governing
Ngdynhdn bdi: 18/11/2019 Ngdysda bdi:23/11/2019 Ngdy duyet ddng:25/12/2019
Th6n, ling, ap, ban (gpi ehung la thdn, ling) la edng ddng dan cii tfi quan liu ddi d ndng thdn Viet Nara. Trai qua hang ngan nam dflng nflde va gifi nfidc vdi nbfing thing tram, biln co cua lich sfl, mac du dien ra rat cham chap nhfing md hinh TQTL cua ngfidi Viet da cd nhfing bien ddi vi phin hda khdng ngflng.
Ve phflpng dien hanh chinh, d nhilu thdi diem trong qua Mifi, thdn, lang la thilt chl cd tinh phap ly. Nha nfidc phong kiln trung fidng ip dit vao day cae le ldi '"' ThS, Trudng Dgi hgc Npi vu Hd Npi
hanh chinh theo quyin Ific va mye tieu cua rainh [1]. Hien nay, raac du chfla ed van bin phap ly nao danh rilng cho TQTL nhflng thdn, ling van la rapt cdng ddng dan efi nira dfidi xa, phfidng, thi tran, npi ngfidi dan tfiPng trp, giup dd nhau trong sin xuat, Mnh doang va trong ddi sdng, cung nhau giai quylt cac cdng vile cua ndi bp edng ddng, la nPi ton tai va duy tri cic hinh thfie tfl quan cua edng dong dan cfl tren eP sd quan he truyin thdng gin bd trong ddi sdng va smh boat van hoa.
Tap chi Khoa hpc Ndi vu | 75
} KINH NGHliM - THUC TliN ttt
Md hinh TQTL la mpt Mnh thflc quan ly x i hdi cua cpng ddng d i n cfl thdn, ling.
Md hinh n i y ed vi tri, vai trd bd sung va hd trp cho cdng t i c q u i n ly x i hdi eua nha nfidc. Khi n h i nfldc cang p h i t triln, Mnh thflc tfl q u i n cpng ddng khdng bi thu tilu m i nd cd i n h hfldng d mfic dp khac nhau tdi q u i trinh q u i n ly va giii quylt c i c van d l xa hpi. Hoat dpng tfl quan cdng ddng da gdp phan triln khai cie ehu trflpng, dfldng ldi eua Ding, chinh sich, p h i p Mat eua N h i nflde d i n vdi ngfldi d i n , n i n g cao ddi sdng vat chat, v i n bda, tinh than eua cpng ddng, gifi gin trat tfl an t o i n x i hdi, gdp phan phit trii'n, dfla ndng thdn tien lln theo sfl p h i t trien eua do thi v i sfl phat trien ehung cua dat nflde.
\'iot Nam cd tdi hdn 70% d i n s6 sdng d vung ndng thdn. Vi t h i ndng thdn ed vi tri chiln Iflpc d i e biet quan trpng trong sfl nghiep xiy dflng v i phat trie'n dat nfldc.
Tuy nhien, thflc t l dat ra hien nay la ndng thdn Viet Nam cdn c h i m phat trien; k i t cau ha tang, Mnh te xa hpi edn n h i l u bat cap; mdi trfldng sinh thii bi anh hfidng;
ndng nghiep lac hau; ddi sdng eua ngfidi d i n ndng thdn cdn khd khan, chat Ifipng cudc sdng thap, xuat hien tinh trang dan cfl ndng thdn rdi q u i , bd s i n xuat ndng nghiep... Nhflng bat cap nay dit ra y l u cau can thilt xiy dflng va thfle hien ed hieu qua Chfldng trinh rayc tilu qudc gia xiy dfing NTM.
Chfldng trinh rayc tieu qudc gia vl xiy dflng NTM la mdt chflpng trinh tdng the ve phit triln Mnh te - xa hdi, chinh tri v i qudc phdng an ninh, gdm U ndi dung cu t h i va 19 tilu chi dflpc quy dinh rd tai Quylt dinh sd 800/QD-TTg cua Thu
76 I Tjp chi Khoa hpc Ndi vu
tfldng Chinh phu p h i duyet chfldng trinh muc tieu qudc gia v l xay dflng N T M giai doan 2011-2020. Npi dung chfldng trinh eu t h i nhfl sau: 1. Quy hoach .xay dflng NTM; 2. P h i t trii'n ba tang Mnh te-xa hpi;
3. Chuyen dich eP cau, p h i t trien Mnh t l . n i n g eao thu nhap; chuyen dich cP cau, phat trii'n Mnh te, nang cao thu nhap; 4.
Giim ngheo va an sinh xa hdi; 5. Ddi mdi va phat trien e i c hinh thfie td chfle s i n x u i t cd h i l u qua d ndng thdn; 6. Phat trien giio dye - dao tao d ndng thdn; 7. Phat trii'n y t l , cham sdc sfic khde ai dan ndng thdn;8.
Xay dflng ddi sdng van hda, thdng tin va truyen thdng ndng thdn; 9. Gap nflde sach v i v l s i n h radi trfldng ndng thdn; 10. Nang eao chat Iflpng td cbfie Dang, chinh quyin, doan t h i chinh tri-xa hpi t r i n dia b a n ; l l . Gifl vflng an ninh, trat tfl xa hdi ndng thdn. Bd tilu ehi quoe gia ve xa N T M giai doan 2016-2020 theo Quylt dinh so 1980/
QD-TTg ngay 17/10/2016 cua Thu tfldng Ghinh phu gdm 19 tieu ehi. N h d m Quy hoach cd 1 tilu chi ( 1 - Quy hoach); n h d m Ha tang kinh te-xa hdi ed 8 tieu ehi (2- Giao thdng; 3-Thuy lpi; 4-Dien; 5- Trfldng hpc; 6- C P sd vat chat van hda; 7- C o sd ha tang thfldng mai ndng thdn; 8- Thdng tin va truyen thdng; 9-Nha d d i n cfl); n h d m Kinh te va to chflc s i n xuat ed 4 tilu ehi (10-Thunhap; l l - H p ngheo; 12-Lao ddng cd vile lam; 13-Td ehfic s i n xuat); n h d m Van hda-Xa hdi-Mdi trfidng cd 6 tieu chi (14-Giio due v i Dao tao; 15-Y te; 16- Van hda; 17-Mdi trfidng v i an toan thfie pham; 18-HI thdng chinh tri va tiep can p h i p Mat; 19-Qude phdng va an ninh).
Vdi radi tilu ehi, Quyet dinh quy dinh cy the chi tilu chung cung nhfi ehl tieu theo
\ \ \ KINH NGHliM-THUC TliN <
tflng vung.
Vdi 11 npi dung trpng diem, ebfidng trinh mye tilu quoc gia xay dflng NTM li mpt cupc each mang toan diln d ndng thdn Vi|t Nam. ChflPng trinh hfldng tdi muc tilu ehung la xay dflng NTM cd kit cau h? tang Mnh tl-xa hpi tfing bfide Men dai; ed eau Mnh te vi cic binh thfle td chflc sin xuat hdp ly, gan ndng nghiep vdi phit trien nhanh cdng nghiep, dich vu;
gin phat trien ndng thdn vdi dd thi theo quy hoach; xa bdi ndng thdn dan ehu, dn djnh, giau ban sac van hda dan tdc; mdi trfldng sinh thii dflpc bao vl; an ninh trat tfl dflpc gifi vfing; ddi sdng vat chat vi tinh than cua ngfldi dan ngay cang dflpc nang cao; theo dinh hfldng xa hpi ehu nghia [3].
Chflpng trinh Mye tilu qudc gia xay dflng NTM eua Chinh phu da quy dinh ro ndi dung cung nhfi phin cdng quan ly thfie hiln tflng ndi dung cu the. Trach nhi|m chung thude vl ca he thdng chinh tri va toan xi hdi. Cac cap uy dang ddng vai trd lanh dao, chi dao, dilu hanh; cac bd va IJy ban nhin dan (UBND) cie cap chM trich nhilm quan Iy, thflc bien. Trong dd, Bp Ndng nghiep va Phit trien ndng thdn li CO quan thfldng trflc chfldng trinh, Bd Tai chinh va Bd Kl hoach-Dau tfi la don vi ehu tri, Bd Xiy dfing hfidng dan hoan thinh cic quy hoach d xa, Ngin hang nha nfldc chi dao thflc hien chinh sach tin dung... UBND cie cap tinh, huyen, xa to chflc trii'n khai chfldng trinh tren dia bin; Mat trin Td quoc cung eae td ehfic chinh tri - xa hdi van ddng cac tang Idp nhan dan tieh cfie tham gia edng cudc xay dflng NTM.
Tuy nMIn, do die thu ndng thdn Viet Nam khi da dang vi phflc tap. Mdi vung.
miln ed dilu Men sdng va phong tuc tip quan khic nhau, trong khi dd xiy dflng NTM Ii xay dfing d mpt dia bin. vung mien cy the. Vi vay, neu chi cd sfi thara gia cua cac cap chinh quyin, doin the thi se la mdt thieu sdt trong vile thflc hiln Chflpng trinh muc tilu qudc gia xiy dflng NTM. Mat khic, xiy dflng NTM li mpt cudc cich raang vi viy nd phai la sfi nghiep cua quan chung nhin din. Chi bin than nhflng ngfidi din dja pbflPng mdi hil'u rd minh thflc sfl can gi, tfl dd tfi thay ddi hinh vi fing xfi, xiy dflng nip sdng cd van hda. chung tay xiy dflng que hflpng. Vdi die thu va the manh eua minh, cae cdng ddng TQTL ddng vai trd nhfl la canh tay die Ifle cua chinh quyin nha nfidc, bd khuylt eae Id hong cua phip Mat trong vile dieu chinh hanh vi, dieu chinh cae mdi quan be xa hpi mdi, phat sinh cy thi trong ddi sdng cdng ddng. Nlu phat huy ed hilu qui, cdng ddng TQTL se trd thinh ddng Ific manh me cho vi|e thfie hiln chfipng trinh rayc tilu qudc gia xay dflng NTM d Viet Nam hien nay.
Nhfl vay, xet ve each thfle quin Iy vi td chflc thfle hiln tdng the, vai trd cua cic cap ehmh quyin trong he thdng chinh tri cd y nghia quan trpng ddi vdi thanh edng cua chflpng trmh mye tilu qudc gia xay dflng NTM. Xlt ve tinh khi thi trong vile phin edng quan ly, thfie hien chfipng trinh, mdt sd mye tilu phai do nha nfidc trfie tiep quan Iy va thfie hiln, mdt sd rayc tieu khic raudn thanh cdng nhat thilt phai ldi cudn dfipe sfi tham gia cua ngfidi dan.
Van Men Dai hdi Dai bieu Toin qudc Tap chi Khoa hpe Ndi vu j 77
} KINH NGHliM - THUC TliN ttt Ian thfl XII (2016) dl eao vai trd eua khoi dai doin kit toin din tdc, bio vl ldi ich hdp phap, chmh ding cua nhin din, cd hinh thfle, cd chl, biln phip ey the de ngfldi dan thfle hiln quyen lim ehu cua minh thdng qua Mat trin To qudc vi cie doin the nhan din, cai thien chat Iflong cupc sdng eua din c\i ndng thdn. Chfipng trinh mue tieu qudc gia xiy dfing NTM thfle hi|n eupe van ddng "Toin din doin kit xay dflng NTM, do thi vin rainh".
De cudc van dpng thfle sfl di vio ddi sdng nhin din, cpng ddng tfl quin thdn ling phit buy vai trd cua mrah thdng qua cic bin hfldng fldc vdi tfl eich la nhflng quy dinh cd tinh quy fldc dflpc cdng ddng thdn, ling xiy dflng nhim dilu chinh nhfing boat ddng cua nhin din dia phfipng, phu hpp vdi phap Mat Nhi nfidc, phat huy nhflng tip quan tdt, nhflng thuan phong my tyc, nhim eung cd khdi doin kit, phit huy sflc manh, tilm nang cua nhin din trong xiy dflng ddi song Mnh tl, vin hda vi boat ddng xa hdi.
Cac hfipng fide, mdt mat khdng dfipe trii vdi quy dinh eua phap Mat, mat khic phai phat huy dfipe nang Ific tfi quin nhd y chi chung, cd tinh tfl nguyen dilu chinh hanh vi eua tfing ei nhin va cdng ddng. Diy li cdng cy ty quan hilu qua eua thdn, ling gdp phan ho trp tich cfie eho vile quin ly nha nfidc bang phip Mat.
Mac du trong Quylt dinh phi duyet chfipng trinh mye tilu qudc gia vl xay dfing NTM giai doan 2011-2020, van dl TQTL hau nhfi khdng dflpe dl cap tdi nhflng trin ed sd dinh gia die diem tinh hinh vi cac nhilra vy cy tbi, tfl quan dia phflpng td ra ed flu the trong thflc Men
78 ] Tap ehi Khoa hoc Ndi vu
mpt sd muc tilu sau diy:
Mye tieu "Chuyen djch cP cau, phit trien Mnh te. ning cao thu nhip" trong do cd ndi dung "Bio tdn vi phit trien ling ngbl truyen thdng theo phfldng cham
"radi ling mdt sin phara", phit triln nginh nghi theo the m ^ h cua dia phfldng" eua chfipng trinh mye tilu qudc gia xay dfing NTM phu hpp vdi tinh than nudi dfidng, vun dap y thfie cdng ddng, td cbfie vi quin Iy cic mat ddi sdng ling xa cua tfi quin dia phfipng. Tren ep sd sfi gan kit chat che vdi nhau bang cic quan he xa hpi va gia dinh, cae boat dpng tfi quan giup tang cfldng vile chia se thdng tin, hinh dpng tap thi va ra quyet dinh tap the dfla trin tinh binh dang, tfidng hd de duy tri vi bio tdn cie gii tri van bda truyin thdng ndi ehung trong dd ed cac lang nghe truyen thdng cua dia phfidng.
Muc tilu "Ddi mdi va phat trien eic hinh thfie td ehfic sin xuat ed hieu qui d ndng thdn" ed thi dat d\iac hilu qua cao neu cac cap chinh quyen dl eao sflc manh cua tfl quin dia phfldng. Cie boat dpng tfl quan trin thflc tl ed the tao ra nhflng ddi lap vdi mdt sd "can benh" ed hflu eua nha nfldc nhfl quan lieu, cfia quyin, hinh thfle, tri tre. bao thu. Hoat ddng tfl quan cua cdng ddng din cfl tren thflc te khi nhay ben, de thich flng va nim bat sdm nhfing ddi hdi cu thi trong qua trinh phit triln dia phfipng. Vi ly do trin, tfi quan dia phfipng ed khi nang tao ip Ific de cie cap chmh quyin phii tfi ddi mdi vi cii eich phfidng thfle quin ly. phit triln cae binh thfle sin xuat ed bilu qui.
Thfle Men mye tilu "Xay dfing ddi
s6ng van hda, thdng tin vi truyin thdng ndng thdn" Ii nhilm vy gin Hen vdi edng dong dan efi ndng thdn, khdng mdt td chflc nio cd the thay thi. Cie edng ddng TQTL vdn gan kit vdi nhau bdi eae quy tic xfl sfl chung do cdng ddng din cfl cung thoa thuin. nham dieu chinh cac quan he xa hpi, tfl dd gifl gin vi phit huy nhflng phong tue. tip quin tot dep truyen thdng van boa thdn, ling, eung ed eic gii tri dao ly, gdp phan hd trp tich cxic eho viec quan ly nhi nfidc bang phip Mat. Vdi tfi each li td chflc ca sd gin dan nhat, edng ddng thon, ling cung chinh la kinh thdng tin hfldng dan vi|c thfle hien nip sdng van hoi mdi, duy tri vi phit huy thuan phong my tyc eua dia phfldng.
COng ddng TQTL vdi chflc nang tao ra nhflng quy fide npi bp cpng ddng nhfi cac quy fldc vl hoi giii, duy tri trat tfl d xdm ling, giii quyet nhflng raau thuan, tranh chap ndi bd... tao sfi dn dinh chinh tri xa hpi dl nhin dan dia phfipng tin tfidng vio che dp, vao radi trfidng sdng, yin tara lira in, lao dpng sing tao, sin xuat, lim giau trong khudn kho phip Mat. Thfie Men cac nhiem vu niy chinh la eP sd thfie hiln muc tilu gifi vfing an ninh, trat tfi xa hdi ndng th6n mi Chfidng trinh rayc tilu qudc gia xay dfing NTM da de ra.
Trong qui trinh tdn tai, cdng ddng dan cfl ndng thdn gan bd rait thiet va tflPng trp lin nhau, dira nhin to cbfie va quan ly cae rait eua ddi sdng edng ddng, duy tri trat tfi, ky efidng, xiy dflng mdi trfldng song linh manh, tieh c\ic, hinh thanh y thfle cpng ddng. Diy la ca sd de md hinh TQTL ra ddi vi thfie hien sfi menh gan kit y thfie cdng ddng thdn, ling vdi y thfle
qudc gia, y thfie chap banh phip Mat.
Tren CP sd dd xi)- dfing cie hfidng fldc, coi hfldng fldc nhfl la cdng eu de huy ddng sfic dan trong viec ddng gdp xiy dfing cic cdng trinh phue lpi edng ddng trin tinh than tfi nguyin, hfldng tdi thflc hiln muc tilu "Quy hoach phat trien ha tang Mnh t l - xa hdi - mdi trfidng; phit trien cic khu din cfl mdi va chmh trang cie khu din cfl Men cd tren dia bin xa".
Cd thi ndi, cie mye tilu ke trin dlu la nhfing mue tilu thilt thin eua ngfidi din, anh hfidng trfie tiep den chat Iflpng cupc sdng va sfl phat trii'n eua din cfl ndng thdn. Neu chinh quyen ed kha nang ldi cudn. khuyin khich thi rad hinh TQTL hoan toan ed kha nang chung tay cung chinh quyen cac cap thflc hiln rayc tilu eua ChflPng trinh muc tilu qudc gia xiy dflng NTM.
Tuy nhiln, theo dinh gii cua Hdi nghi tdng kit 5 nam thflc biln ChflPng trinh rayc tieu qudc gia xiy dflng NTM 2011- 2020 (ngiy 08/12/2015), eic ndi dung ve phat trien sin xuat gin vdi tii ca cau nganh ndng nghiep, xay dflng ddi sdng van hda, bio ve mdi trfldng chfla dflpc quan tam dung mfic. Nhilu dia phfipng da chu trpng thflc Men eae ndi dung xiy dfing NTM do cap xa dim nhan, nhfing chfia ehu trpng dung mflc thfle hiln eic ndi dung d cap thdn vi hd gia dinh. Chinh vi vay viec thflc Men mdt cac mye tieu vl
"Ddi mdi va phit triln cac hmh thfie to chflc sin xuat cd Meu qua d ndng thdn", mye tieu "xay dflng ddi sdng van hda"
chfla dat dflpc hilu qui eao.
Ndi dung va hmh thfie TQTL dfldc the Tap chi Khoa hpe Ndi vu I 79
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M | n t i p trung qua e i c b i n hfidng fide, quy fide. Tuy nMIn, t r i n thfle t l van edn tdn tai tinh trang mpt sd hfldng fldc. quy fldc cd npi dung trii p h i p Mat, x i m pham hoae ban e h l quyin con ngfidi, quyin cdng d i n , thilu net d i e trfing v i n hda. x i hdi, phong tyc t i p quan. thuan phong my tyc cua dia phfidng. \'iec xiy dfing, thfie h i | n hfldng fldc, quy fldc d nhieu ndi cdn hinh thflc, phong trio, kem hilu q u i . Han e h l dd l i m sai lech b i n chat, suy giam vai trd, vi tri cua hflPng fide, quy fide vdi tfi each la thilt che tfl q u i n eua edng ddng d i n cfl. Mdt sd b i n bflpng fldc chfla p h i n bi|t rd c i c gia tri, b i n sac van bda t r u y i n thdng vdi hu tyc; hflPng fldc, quy fldc cdn rfldm r i gay khd khan eho q u i trinh thflc hien cung nhfl vile nam bit hfldng fldc, quy fldc cua ngfldi d i n .
Mdt sd dia phfldng chay theo thanh tieh n l n ed bieu hiln huy ddng qua sflc d i n , boac n p dong xiy dflng cd ban khdng cd kha nang tra khi d i n h gia chat Ifldng tilu chi edn x u i xoa. Thu tfidng Chinh phu da yeu eau phii nghilm tue khae phue: "Gd vile lam cdn dung biln pbap hanh chinh d l bit budc dan ddng gdp q u i mfic; can nghilm tue nhin n h i n , rut Mnh nghiem va khic phue".
Ngoii ra, cdn mpt sd ban che khae nhfl:
tinh trang giim sfl gin k i t do t i c ddng cua Mnh te thi trfldng ngay cing trd n l n phd biln; sfl thilu thdng nhat gifia chmh quyen vdi edng ddng tfl q u i n trong trien khai cac ke hoach; tinh trang tfl quan "vd chinh phu", vflpt qua khudn khd p h i p Mat va quyen ban eua tfi q u i n dia phflpng
Gd n h i l u nguyen nhan dan d i n nhflng
ban c h l ke tren, nhflng cd ban cd the ke d i n rapt sd nguyen n h i n nhfi: Thilu hyt quy dinh p h i p iy ddi vdi van de TQTL;
nang Ific v i uy tin cua ngfidi dfing d i u TQTL chfia du ldn; nang Ific x i y dflng hfipng fide, quy fldc thdn, ling mdt sd npi cdn ban chl; sfl t i c dpng cua Mnh t l thj trfldng va cac t i e n h i n eua q u i trinh dd thi hda l i m suy giam tinh gan k i t cpng ddng; each thfie q u i n Iy cdn nang tinh menh Ipnh h a n h chinh, chfia bat nhip kip thdi vdi eae y l u cau eua Chfipng trinh muc tilu qudc gia xay dfing N T M ; chinh quyin edn dm ddm, chfia phan dinh raich rdi gifia n h i l m vy eua chinh quyen vdi trich n h i l r a cua tfi q u i n edng ddng; ...
Thyc trang tren dat ra yeu eau phai ed nhflng dinh hfldng, giii phap phu h p p d l p h i t huy vai trd eua tfl quan d thdn, l i n g trong edng cudc xay dfing N T M d Vilt Nam hien nay.
Nha nfidc can quan tam tdi vile ban h a n h cac van b i n pbap Iy, quy dinh cu the ehfic nang, n h i l m vu, quyen ban eua TQTL. Khang dinh vai trd va vi t b i cua cpng ddng TQTL trong bdi c i n h xay dfing, phat trien dat nfidc ndi chung eung nhfi thfie h i l n Chfipng trinh m y e tieu qudc gia xay dflng N T M ndi rieng can cd cac quy dinh cu the ve ehfic nang, n h i l m vy va quyen ban cua TQTL trong tflpng quan vdi cbfie nang va nhiem vu cua chinh quyin cap xa.
Giii quyet hai hda mdi quan he gifia chinh quyin cap xa v i TQTL. Thfie te cho thay chinh q u y i n cap xa khdng the cd du k h i nang dm d d m tat ca cie cdng vile tren dia ban q u i n ly. Vi vay c i n g i i m bdt Hnh 80 Tap ehi Khoa hoc Ndi vu
\ \ \ KINH NGHliM - THI/C TliN vflc quin ly, ddng thdi thu hut cdng ddng
tfi quin eung tham gia quin ly nhflng Hnh vflc die thu. Ddi mdi hoat ddng cua chinh quyen dia phfldng, hfldng tdi lam ro mdi quan he gifia quin ly cua chinh quyen vdi vi|c bio dim truyin thdng tfi quan cua cie thdn, ling. Day la cd sd dl trinh viec quan Iy chdng cheo, trinh niy sinh mau thuan, bat ddng gifia chinh quyin vdi TQTL.
Khuyin khich sfi phdi hpp gifia chinh quyin dia phfidng vdi TQTL trin eP sd chinh quyen dia phfiPng hd trd va md rOng quyin tfi quan cua cac thdn, ling trong viec phat trien va giai quylt cie van de van hda - xa hpi trin cd sd kl thfia vi phat huy hfidng fide bay Mat tyc. Chinh quyin dia phfidng ehu trpng dung mfic din vi|e phit huy vai trd cua TQTL trong cie npi dung cy thi nhfl: bio tdn va phit huy ling nghe truyin thdng, ddi mdi va phit trien cic binh thfie to chfle sin xuat CO hi|u qua d ndng thdn; xiy dflng ddi s6ng van bda; gifl gin an ninh, trat tfl xa hpi ndng thdn; quy hoach phat trien ha tang Mnh te - xa hpi - mdi trfldng..;
Sfl kit hpp gifla chinh quyen va tfi quan can Iflu y can ddi ehfic nang nhiera vy eua hai bin, trinh bai khuynh hfidng, mot la chinh quyin qui dm ddm, khdng phit huy sflc manh eua tfl quan, hai la, chinh quyin dun day trich nhiem eho TQTL.
Ca hai khuynh hfldng nay dlu dan din that bai trong viee phat huy vai trd eua TQTL trong qui trinh thfie hiln chfidng trinh mye tieu qudc gia xay dfing NTM;
Dinh hfidng cie thilt che tfi quan, rad rong pham vi vi ndi dung boat dpng. Mye tieu eua cac thilt che tfi quan can dfipe
cu the hda trong hfidng fide, gin vdi cie nhilm vy chiln Mdc cua ehfldng trinh mue tilu qudc gia xiy dflng NTM. Hoat ddng TQTL can dflpc bio dim vl mat phip Mat vi tuan thu theo eP ehl Mem soit cua trung flong ddi vdi dia phflpng, phit huy vai trd li td chflc bd khuyet cho nhflng net die thu cua dia phflpng ma van bin phap Mat cua Nhi nfldc chfla bao quit hit.
De cao tinh sing tao trong vi|c td ehfic md hinh tfi quin va trien khai cac hinh thflc tfl quin. Khuyen khich TQTL dfla ra cie giii phip xiy dflng NTM khdng trii quy dinh phip Mat, ddng thdi dim bio tinh kha thi va dflpc ey thi hda trong hflPng fldc thdn, ling. Ting cfldng doin kit cdng ddng, ban che tic ddng tilu ciic eua kinh te thj trfldng vi qui trinh dd thi bda.
Nang eao nhin thfie ve vai trd eua TQTL trong chfipng trinh mye tilu qudc gia xay dflng NTM. Tfl dd, cd phflpng an giao quyen va trich nhilm cu thi ddi vdi to ehfic nay Vile giao quyen vi trich nhilm khdng nln cfing nhie theo phfipng thflc menh Ilnh banh chinh mi can linh boat, mem deo, thiln theo hfldng ddng vien, khich II la chinh.
Cd CP che dao tao, bdi dflpng, ning eao ning Ifle hoat ddng cua nhflng ngfldi nira gifl vj tri ehu chdt trong TQTL. Cd chl dp dai ngd thda ding ddi vdi nhflng ngfldi tich cflc thara gia rad binh TQTL. Cd thii dp eau thi, tilp thu y Min gdp y eua edng ddng TQTL, xay dflng. ra soit, dilu chinh md binh tfl quan d dia pbflPng, gin liln hoat dpng TQTL vdi eic ndi dung chflpng Tap cM Khoa hpc Npi vu I 81
( KINH NGHliM - THi/C TliN ttt
trinh rayc tilu qudc gia xay dflng NTM.
Hpc t i p kinh ngMlm nfldc ngoai trong vile xiy dfing cic md hinh tfl quan dia phfldng, dien Mnh nhfi tfi q u i n dia phfipng d My. Nga. Nhit, H i n Qudc, tfi quan thdn d i n d Trung Quoc.. .Van dyng sang tao eae md binh nay v i o dilu Men xiy dfing md hinh TQTL d Viet Nam h i l n nay.
Gd the ndi, viec xiy dfing v i phit trii'n ndng thdn Viet Nam s l khd dat dflpe kit q u i tdi flu n l u khdng cd sfl tham gia cua chinh b i n t h i n nhflng ngfldi sinh ra v i Idn lln tai dia phflpng "Sfl chdng cheo dan xen nhflng quan h | trong ndi bd cdng ddng d i n cfl lam eho cdng ddng d i n cfl cp sd trd thanh rapt be thdng xa hpi phfle tap, da dang v i gin kit vdi nhau ma chi ed tfl b i n than cdng ddng d i n cfl mdi hieu rd v i giai quylt dfldc, sfl tri tre bay phit trien di lln d l u phy thude vao boat dpng tfl q u i n ed phit huy dflpc b i l u q u i bay khdng". Nhilra vy dat ra eho chinh quyen dia phflong trong qua trinh thflc Men n h i l m vu l i phat buy dflpc sflc m a n h cua md hinh TQTL eung nhfl Ma chpn va bdi dfldng dflpc dpi ngu cin bd ed nang Iflc va t i m huyet, tuyen truyin cho nhan d i n hieu biet phap Mat, h i l u dflpc y nghla v i tam quan trpng eua ehflPng trinh mue tilu qudc gia xiy dflng NTM, n h i n thflc dflpc gia tri eua TQTL ddi vdi sfi p h i t trien eua dia phfldng. Thanh cdng eua chfldng trinh la ed sd d l day raanh khdi dai doan kit toin d i n tdc. hinh thanh y thflc trich n h i l m cua n h i n dan dia pbflPng vdi q u i hflPng, thu hut ddng d i o quan ehung n h i n d i n vao cdng cude xiy dfing va phat trien dat nfidc.
T A I L I £ U THAM KHAO 1. H i Quang Ngpc (2011), "Md hinh tU qudn cua cPng dong thdn, ldng. dp, bdn ddp dng yeu cdu cdi cdch hdnh chinh d nUdc ta hien nay", de tai nghien cfiu khoa hpe cap Bp, B p N d i v y . t r . 19
2. Thu tfidng Chinh phu, Quyet dinh sd 800/QD-Ttg phe duyet ChUdng trinh muc tieu qudc gia ve xiy dfing N T M giai doan 2010 -2020
3. Thu tfidng Ghinh phu, Quyet dinh sd 1980/QD-TTg ban hdnh bp tieu chi qudc gia ve xd ndng thdn mdi giai dogn 2016- 2020
4. Ddng Cdng sdn Viet Nam, Vdn kien Dgi hpi, dgi bieu todn qudc ldn thd XII, tr 161
5.nThdng tU lien tich sd 3/2000/TTLT/
BTP-BVHTT-BTTUBTW-MTTQ ngdy 31/3/2000 Thdng tU lien tich cua Bd TU phdp- Bd Vdn hda thdng tin - Ban ThUdng trUc Uy ban Mat trdn Td Qudc Viet Nam hudng ddn viec thUc hien HUdng Ude, quy Ude cua Ldng, bdn, thdn, dp, cum ddn cU
6. Cao Anh Dd, Hoc vien Chinh tri qudc gia Hd Chl Minh, Mdi tUdng quan gida hogt dpng tu qudn cua cpng ddng ddn cU vd thUc thi quyen lUc nhd nUdc d cd sd http://
isos.gov.vn
7. Ket ludn Hdi nghi todn qudc tdng ket 5 ndm thUc hien ChUdng trinh muc tieu qudc gia xdy dUng NTM giai dogn 2010 - 2015, ngdy 08/12/2015 cua Ban Chi dgo Trung Udng ChUdng trinh muc tieu qudc gia xdy dUngNTM.
82 I Tap chi Khoa hpc Ndi vu
