QUAN HE THlTONG MAI MY

CHAU MY NGAY NAY. QUAN HE THlTONG MAI MY - MY LATINH THOfI GIAN GAN DAY Vu Dang Unh*. Tom tit: Quan hi thuang mgi My - My Lgtinh ludn ddng vai trd quan trgng trong quan hi thuang mgi ndi chung ciia My. Ki tic sau khung hoang kinh ti 2008-2009, Chinh phu My nd luc thiic ddy mdi quan hi thuang mgi vdi khu vuc My Latinh. Trong nhiing ndm qua, quan hi thuang mgi cua My vdi khu vuc ndy tdng trudng nhicng cdc nude trong khu vuc vdn nd luc md rgng quan hi thuang mgi ngi khdi vd quan hi vdi cdc khu vuc khdc trin thi giai. ddc biit Id chdu A vd Trung Qudc. Bdi viit ndy se tap trung lam ro thue trgng quan hi thuang mgi My - My Lgtinh trong thai gian qua. Tir khoa: (Juan he thuomg mai, My, My Latinh 1. Quan he thuomg mai My - My Latinh thdi gian qua My Latinh vdi vj thi dia chinh tri dupe My coi nhu la "san sau" va ludn duy tri la mdt ddi tac thucmg mai khu vye ldn thtt hai eiia My sau chau A. Trong sudt ehilu ddi Ijch su. My Latinh ludn ddng vai ttd quan trpng trong viec hoach djnh chinh sach thuong mai cua My. Sau khung hoang kinh tl 2009, khu vye My Latinh ndi ldn nhu la mdt nen kinh tl nang dpng, khdng nhilng dttiig vthig ttong khung hodng, ma edn tiep tyc phdt triln vdi tdc dp cao. Trong bdi cdnh kinh tl My cin thilc diy thuang mai dl hd ttp cho tang tinrdng kinh te va viec lam trong nude, Chinh quygn Obama da thyc hien nhiiu chinh sdch thue diy quan he ttiuomg mai vdi cdc nude, ddc biet la cac nude My Latinh. Trong giai doan 2009-2018, quan he fliuong mai My - My Latinh ludn cd sy. tdng tmdng, ddng chti y Id quan he thucmg mai My - Mexico. K I tir sau khiing hoang kinh te 20082009 gid tri thuong mai cua My vdi khu vye My Latinh cd su tang tradng dgu dan. Ndm 2014, tdng gid ttj xuit nhap khiu hang hda djch vy eiia My - Mexico la 620 ty USD vd My vdi khu -vye Tmng, Nam My la 541 ty USD. Trong hai nam 2015-2016, tdng gid tti thucmg mai cua My vdi khu vye suy gidm do sy suy gidm chung ciia nen kinh te toan ciu. Sau dd, thuang mai hai chigu giQa My va My Latinh tang tmdng ttd l?ii nhiing nam gin day. Trong khu vye My Latinh, Mexico la ddi tdc thuang mji Itjn nhit eiia My vdi tdng gid tti thuang mai cua hai nude chigm khoang 50% tdng gid trj thuomg mai cua My vdi khu vye My Latinh. Trong ndm 2018, thuong mai hang hda vd djch vu cua My vdi Mexico dat khoang 671,0 ty USD, ttong dd xuit khiu la 299,1 ty USD,. S6 10-2019. CHAUM-y NGAY NAY. nhap khau la 371,9 ty USD, tham hut thucmg mai hang hda va dich vu cua My vdi Mexico la 72,7 ty USD.' Giai doan 2009-2018 chiing kiln su tdng. 13. tradng thucmg mai eiia My vdi khu vue My Latinh vdi tdc dp tdng tradng trang bmh 3,6% va vdi Mexico gin 10% (xem Bang 1).. Bing 1: Tong gia trj thmmg m^i giira My - My Latinh. Nam. Brazil. Mexico. 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018. 64.580 83.096 104.729 108.146 105.709 108.953 94.022 85.996 98.996 103.457. 345.813 435.140 507.064 543.192 560.330 594.585 594.455 585.888 620.533 678.184. Ban vi: trieu USD Nam/ Trung My* (trii Mexico) 360.011 427.312 511.616 527.662 539.164 541.101 474.936 437.332 466.154 490.805. Nguon: long App tic bea.gov Nhdm mat hdng xudt khiu chinh eua My sang khu vye My Latinh la mdy mdc, hang tigu dung, dd dien til, hang hda trang gian, nhign lieu, hda chat, sat thep, nhua va cao su... Cd sy thay ddi vl CO elu hien nay giOa nhdm cdc mat hang xuit khiu chinh so vdi ndm 2009, nhdm cdc mdt hang xuat khiu hang dau vin la mdy mdc, hang tieu diing va dd dien tu. Trong khi dd, nhdm djch vu xuit khiu chinh ciia My sang khu vye nay bao gdm du Ijch, van tai va sd hiiu tti tue (phin mIm may tinh, quy trinh cdng nghigp) va viin Ihdng. Trong giai doan 2009-2017, My Latinh (tinh bao gdm ea Mexico) la ddi tdc xuit khiu ldn thil hai sau chdu A. ciia My vdi tdng thj phan thuang mai ndm 2009 Id 25%. Tinh tdi ndm 2017, My Latinh (tinh bao gom ea Mexico) vin la ddi tdc nhap khiu ldn thit hai sau chau A vdi tdng thj phdn tiiucmg mai la 26%.^ Nhu vay la khdng cd nhiiu bign dpng ve co cdu nhap khau hang hda cua My til My Latinh so vdi cdc khu vye khdc' Xet tren todn bp khu vuc vd tdng luomg thuong mai trao ddi thi My la ddi tac ldn nhit ehilm khoang 30-40% trao ddi thuang mai eiia My Latinh. Tinh tdi ndm 2017, My vin la ddi tdc thucmg mai ldn nhit ciia My Latmh vdi tdng gid tti 696 ty USD, ttong do tdng gia tti xuit khiu sang My la 408 ty USD va. 14. SO 10-2019. tdng gia ttj nhap khau la 289 ty USD. Trung Qudc Id ddi tdc thuomg mai ldn thu hai cua My Latinh vdi tdng gid tri thuomg mai la 260 ty USD.* Ben canh dd thuomg mai ndi khdi cung chigm ty ttpng ldn, ddc biet la MERCOSUR. Digu nay cd nghia la edc nude ttong khu vuc gdp phan vd eimg quan ttpng ttong vige hd ttp v,a thue day lan nhau phat ttign fliuong mai. 2. Mot so dot tac thiTomg m£ii chinh cua My trong khu virc My Latinh Quan hi thuang mgi My - Mexico Xet nam 2018, Mexico la ddi tac thuong mai hang hda ldn thii ba ciia My vdi tdng giao djch hang hda (hai ehilu) tti gid 611,5 ty USD.' Trong do xuat khau hang hda cua My sang Mexico dat 265,0 ty USD tdng 8,9% (21,7 ty USD) so vdi nam 2017, tdng 75,2% so vdi ndm 2008, vd tang 537% so vdi nam 1993 (trudc NAFTA). Xuat khdu cua My sang Mexico ehilm 15,9% tdng xuit khiu ciia My ttong nam 2018, vdi cac mat hang chu ygu la: may mdc 46 ty USD, dd dien, dien til 43 ty USD, nhign lieu khoang sdn 34 ty USD, xe cd 22 ty USD vd nhya 18 ty USD. Mexico cdn la thj tradng xudt khau ndng sdn ldn thii hai ciia My khi dat 20 ty USD bao gdm cac sdn pham ndng nghipp nhu: ngd 3,1 ty USD; dau nanh 1,7 ty USD; cac sdn phim siia 1,4 ty USD; cac sdn phdm tir thjt Ipn va thjt ion 1,3 ty USD, vd cac sdn pham tir thjt bdvathjtbd 1,1 ty USD.. CHAU MY NGAY NAY. My ciing nh$p khiu hdng hda ldn tit Mexico vdi gia trj la 346,5 ty USD, tdng 10,3% (32,3 ty USD) so vdi ndm 2017, tdng 60,5% so vdi ndm 2008, tdng 768% so vdi nam 1993 (trade NAFTA). Nhdp khdu ciia My tit Mexico chiim 13,6% tdng nh|p khau cua My ttong nam 2018 vdi cdc mat hang chinh nhu: phucmg tien vdn tai 93 ty USD; dd dien, dien tir 64 ty USD; may mdc 63 ty USD; nhign Ueu khoang 16 ty USD, vd dung cy quang hpc va y t l 15 ty USD. Tdng nhap khau ndng sdn cua My tir Mexico dat 26 ty USD ttong ndm 2018, Mexico la nhd cung eip ndng sdn ldn nhit cho My. Cae h ^ g myc hang diu bao gdm: rau qua tuoi 5,9 ty USD, tedi edy tuai khac 5,8 ty USD, rapu va bia 3,6 ty USD, thyc pham an nhe 2,2 ty USD, vd rau qua ehi biln 1,7 ty USD. Thuomg mai dich vy vdi Mexico udc tinh dat 59,4 ty USD, xuit khiu djch vu ciia My sang Mexico udc tinh khoang 34,1 ty USD nam 2018, cao hon 3,8% (1,2 ty USD) so vdi nam 2017, cao hon 30,1% so vdi nam 2008, vd tang khodng 228% so vdi ndm 1993 (trade NAFTA). Xuat khiu dich vy chu yiu teong Imh vye du lich, van tai vd sd h&u tti tue (phan mgm may tinh, quy trmh cdng nghiep). Nhdp khiu djch vy cua My tir Mexico udc tinh khodng 25,3 ty USD ttong nam 2018, thap han 0,6% (164 ttieu USD) so vdi ndm 2017, nhung cao hon 59,3% so vdi ndm 2008. Nd da tdng khoang 241% so vdi ndm 1993 (tiirdc NAFTA). Nhdp khiu dich vy hang diu. CHAUMYNGAY NAY. S6 10-2019. til Mexico din My la teong luih vuc du nam 2008. Cae hdng hda xudt khdu chu lich, van tai, va cac djch vy khdc. Thdng yeu la: nhign lieu khoang sdn 9,5 ty du thuomg mai djch vy eua My vdi USD, mdy bay 6,1 ty USD, mdy mdc Mexico la 8,8 ty USD teong nam 2018 4,3 ty USD, dd difn, dien tu 3,4 ty USD Quan h$ thuang mgi My - Brazil vd nhya 1,9 ty USD. Tong xudt khau Ndm 2011, My va Brazil da ky Hi?p ndng sdn cua My sang Brazil dat 630 djnh Hop tdc Kinh t l va Thuomg mai dl trieu USD. Cae loai xuat khiu npi dia tdng cudng hprp tdc v l thuang mai va hang ddu bao gdm: lua my 63 trieu ddu tu giiia hai ngn kinh t l liim nhit cua USD, thyc phdm chi biln 39 tiieu USD, Tay ban cdu, thdng qua viec hpp tdc vl cac sdn phdm sdcdla va cacao 36 trieu mpt sd vin dl bao gdm ddi mdi, thuan USD, thurc an va thiic dn gia sue khac 34 Ipi hda thuang mai va giam cdc rdo cdn trieu USD va tning vd sdn phdm tit ky thuat ddi vdi thucmg mai. Thuang tiling 32 ttieu USD. Xudt khiu djch vu mai hang hda va dich vu eua My vdi cua My sang Brazil udc tinh khoang Brazil dat khodng 103,9 ty USD ttong 26,9 ty USD teong ndm 2018, cao hon ndm 2018, trong dd xuit khiu la 66,4 ty 1,7% (461 trieu USD) so vdi ndm 2017 USD, nhdp khiu la 37,5 ty USD, thdng vd eao hem 110% so vdi ndm 2008. Xuit du thucmg mai hang hda vd djch vy cua khau dich vy hang ddu tir My sang Brazil My vdi Brazil la 28,9 ty USD. la ttong lihh vye du Ijch, vdn tai va vign Ndm 2018, Brazil Id ddi tdc thucmg thdng, djch vu mdy tinh va thdng tin. mai hang hda ldn thii 13 eua My vdi Brazil la nha ctmg cap hang nhap khdu tdng sd 70,7 ty USD giao djch hang \(m thit 17 ciia My ttong nam 2018. Nhdp khau hang hda cua My tir Brazil hda.' Xuit khdu dat 39,5 ty USD, nhap khiu dat 31,2 ty USD, thdng du thuang dat 31,2 ty USD ttong nam 2018, ehilm mai hang hda ciia My vdi Brazil la 8,3 1,2% tdng nhdp khiu cua My, tang 5,8% ty USD. Thuomg mai djch vy vdi Brazil (1,7 ty USD) so vdi ndm 2017 va tang ude tinh dat 33,2 ty USD, trong dd xuit 2,3% so vdi ndm 2008. Cdc hang hda khiu djch vy la 26,9 ty USD, nhdp khdu nhdp khau hang diu nam 2018 Id: nhign djch vu Id 6,3 ty USD. Thdng du Ueu khodng san 5,2 ty USD, hdng hda ddc thuomg mai djch vu cua My vdi Brazil biet khdc 3,5 ty USD, sdt tiiep 3,1 ty USD, mdy bay 2,2 ty USD, vd may mdc la 20,6 ty USD. Cung nam 2018, Brazil la thj tiirdng 2,1 ty USD. Tdng nhap khiu ndng sdn xuit khdu hang hda ldn thii 9 ciia My, cua My tir Brazil dat 3,3 ty USD teong xuit khdu hang hda cua My sang Brazil nam 2018, nhd cung cap nhdp khdu la 39,5 ty USD, ehilm 2,4% tdng xuit ndng san ldn thii 10 ciia My. Cac loai khiu cila My, tdng 6,1% (2,3 ty USD) hang hda hang diu bao gdm: ed phe 934 so vdi ndm 2017 vd tdng 22,3% so vdi trieu USD, nude ep ttdi cay va rau qua. 16. S6 10-2019. 504 ttieu USD, tiijt dd che bign sin 281 hieu USD, thude Id 211 teieu USD va tinh diu 145 teigu USD. Nhdp khiu djch vy cua My tir Brazil udc tinh khoang 6,3 ty USD trong nam 2018, thip hom 12,4% (896 teieu USD) so vdi ndm 2017, nhtmg cao hom 39,8% so vdi ndm 2008. Nhdp khdu djch vu hang dau cua My tir Brazil la trong cdc dich vy qudn ly chuygn nghiep, du Ijch, vd cdc linh vye nghign ciiu va phdt trign. Quan hi thuang mgi My - Chile Hiep djnh Thuang mai Ty do My Chile (FTA) ed hieu lye tir ngdy 1 thdng 1 ndm 2004. Ndm 2018, Chile la ddi tdc thuang mai hdng hda ldn thii 29 ciia My vdi tong gia ttj giao djch hang hda hai ehilu dat 26,7 ty USD.' Trong dd, xuit khiu dat 15,3 ty USD, nhap khdu dat 11,4 ty USD, thang du thuang mji hang hda cua My vdi Chile la 4,0 ty USD. Thuang mai dich vy vdi Chile dat khoang 6,3 ty USD ttong ndm 2017. Xuit khiu djch vy la 4,6 ty USD; nhdp khdu djch vy la 1,8 ty USD. Thdng du thuomg mai dich vy ciia My vdi Chile la 2,8 ty USD ttong ndm 2017. Trong nam 2018, Chile Id thj tiirdng xudt khdu hang hda 1dm thii 20 cua My, vdi gia ttj la 15,3 ty USD, tdng 12,8% (1,7 ty USD) so vdi ndm 2017 vd tdng 29,4% so vdi ndm 2008, va tang 465% so vdi ndm 2003 (trade FTA). Cdc loai xudt khdu hdng diu nam 2018 la: nhien lieu khodng san 5,0 ty USD, may mdc 2,1 ty USD, xe CO 1,1 ty USD; dd di?n, dien til 1,0 ty USD vd mdy bay 654 ttieu USD.. CHAU M* NGAY NAY. Tdng xudt khiu ndng sdn cua My sang Chile dat 979 teigu USD. Cdc loai hang hda xudt khiu npi dia hang diu bao gdm: rapu bia 111 trifu USD, thit gia cam va sdn phdm tit gia cdm 108 trigu USD, thtte an va thiie an gia siic khdc 105 tripu USD, thjt Ipm vd cae sdn phdm thjt Ion 91 teieu USD va cdc sdn phdm tir sOa 77 teieu USD. Xuit khdu djch vy cua My sang Chile ude tinh khoang 4,6 ty USD ttong ndm 2017, 5,6% (242 trigu USD) so vdi ndm 2016 vd ldn hon 157% so vdi ndm 2007. Nd da tdng khoang 361% so vdi ndm 2003 (trade FTA). Xudt khdu djch vy hang ddu tir My sang Chile la ttong liiih vye du Ijch, van tdi vd sd hiiu tri tue (phdn mgm mdy tinh). Chile Id nhd cung cdp hdng nhdp khdu ldn thit 32 ctia My ttong nam 2018, dat 11,4 ty USD, tdng 7,7% (815 tri$u USD) so vdi ndm 2017, tang 39% so vdi ndm 2008, va tdng 207% so vdi ndm 2003 (trade FTA). Cac loai hang hda nhdp khau hang dau nam 2018 la: ddng 3,0 ty USD; trai cay va hat dn dupe (nho tuai bode khd) 2,1 ty USD; cd vd hdi san (phi Ig, thjt cd khdc) 2,0 ty USD; gd va cac sdn pham gd 888 trieu USD; kim loai quy va dd 479 teieu USD. Tdng kim ngach nhdp khdu ndng sdn cua My tir Chile dat 3,1 ty USD ttong ndm 2018, Chile Id nhd cung d p ndng sdn ldn thil 13 ciia My. Cdc mat hang hang diu bao gdm: ttdi cay tuoi khac 1,9 ty USD, trdi edy vd rau qud chi biln 298 teieu USD, rapu vang va bia 239 trieu USD,. CHAU MY NGAY NAY. S6 10-2019. hat gidng ttdng 158 trieu USD; nude ep (334 trieu USD) so \4di nam 2017 va ttai eay va rau qud 68 tri$u USD. Nhdp tdng 31,6% so vdi ndm 2008. Cdc mat khdu dich vy eua My tir Chile udc tinh hang xuat khau chu yiu Id: nhign ligu khodng 1,8 ty USD teong ndm 2017 tang khoang sdn 2,0 ty USD, mdy mdc 1,8 ty 16,2% (250 tiieu USD) so vdi ndm USD, mdy dien 824 teieu USD, ngu cdc, 2016, cao hon 103% so vdi ndm 2007, hat gidng, trai cay 744 ttieu USD, va tang khoang 286% so vdi nam 2003 mdy bay 615 trieu USD. Tdng xudt khiu (trade FTA). Nhdp khdu djch vu hang ndng san cua My sang Argentina dat ddu tit Chile den My Id trong Imh vye 896 trieu USD vdi cdc sdn pham ndng van tai, du Ijch vd dich vy quan ly sdn chinh nhu: ddu nanh 719 trieu USD, chuygn nghigp. hat gidng 33 trieu USD, thyc phdm chg biln 14 teigu USD, thyc phim an nhe Quan hi thuang mgi My - Argentina Nam 2017, GDP ciia Argentina udc 14 trigu USD; sdcdla va san phdm tinh dat 637,7 ty USD; GDP thyc tl tdng cacao 11 ttieu USD. Xuat khdu djch vy khodng 2,9%; va dan sd la 44 tti?u. Nam cua My sang Argentina ude tinh khoang 2018, thucmg mai hang hda va djch vy 9,3 ty USD ttong nam 2018, cao hon cua My vdi Argentina dat tdng cpng 2,7% (tuong duong 247 ttieu USD) so 26,8 ty USD, xuit khiu la 19,2 ty USD, vdi ndm 2017 va cao hom 171% so vdi nhap khiu la 7,6 ty USD. Thang du ndm 2008. Xuat khdu djch vu hang ddu thuong mai hang hda va djch vy cua My tir My sang Argentina la ttong Imh vye du Ijch, viin thdng, may tinh va djch vy vdi Argentina Id 11,6 ty USD. Nam 2018, Argentina Id ddi tac thdng tin, va van tdi. Argentina Id nhd cung cap hang nhdp thuang mai hdng hda ldn thii 37 ciia My vdi tdng giao dich hang hda hai chigu khiu ldn thit 50 cila My dat 4,9 ty USD 14,8 ty USD, trong dd xuit khiu dat 9,9 ttong nam 2018, tang 1,7% (81 trieu USD) ty USD, nhdp khiu dat 4,9 ty USD, so vdi ndm 2017, nhung gidm 16,5% so thang du thuang mai hang hda eua My vdi nam 2008. Cdc loai nhdp khdu hdng vdi Argentina Id 5,1 ty USD. Thuomg ddu nam 2018 la: nhign lieu khodng san mai djch vy vdi Argentina dat tdng cdng 1,2 ty USD, nhdm 444 tiieu USD, kim 12,0 ty USD, xuit khiu djch vy Id 9,3 ty loai quy (bac) va dd 303 ttieu USD, dd USD, nhdp khiu djch vy Id 2,7 ty USD. uong (mpu vang) 294 ttieu USD va ea Thang du tiiucmg mai djch vy cua My vd hai sdn (giap xac) 244 trieu USD. Tdng nhdp khiu ndng san cua My tir vdi Argentina Id 6,5 ty USD. Argentina la thj tiidng xudt khau Argentina dat 1,4 ty USD ttong nam hang hda ldn thir 29 ctia My ttong ndm 2018. Cdc loai hang diu bao gdm: mpu 2018. Xudt khiu hang hda cua My sang vd bia 286 ttieu, nude ep trdi edy va rau Argentina la 9,9 ty USD, tang 3,5% qud 154 ttieu USD, trai edy tuoi khdc. 18. CHAU MY NGAY NAY. 140 trieu USD, tinh ddu 134 ttieu USD, Rd rang, bdn thdn su mgnh lin cug vd tra bao gdm ca thao mdc 70 trieu Brazil, Argentina se tgo rg nhicng dnh USD. Nhdp khiu djch vy cua My tir hudng tap thi lin khu vifc. Dieu nay Argentina udc tinh khodng 2,7 ty USD thdy ro nhdt d vai trd Idnh dao trong khu trong nam 2018, thip hom 5,6% (164 vye cua Brazil, Argentina ed vg mat trigu USD) so vdi ndm 2017, nhung cao kinh te, chinh trj gdp phdn thiic ddy kinh hom 118% so vdi ndm 2008. Nhap khdu tg - xa hdi ctia cdc nude ttong khu vye. dich vu hang ddu cua My tir Argentina Cdc nude nay ciing chu ddng md rdng la trong cac dich vu du lich, chuyen mdi quan he thuomg mai ndi khdi de nghigp vd quan ly, vd cdc linh vye gidm sy phu thupc vao quan hg vdi My. nghign cuu vd phdt trign. My vd My Latinh dgu tdn tai nhiing diem chung md hai ben thyc sy can den 3. Mot so nhan xet nhau trong quan he kinh te. My can tdi Ba nude Brazil, Argentina va Chile mdt thj tradng hom 500 ttieu ddn vdi ngoai mdi quan he thucmg mai vdi My ngudn tai nguyen ddi dao tit My Latinh, thi cdc nude ndy ngay cang cd xu My Latinh ein tdi nhilng cdng nghe hudng md rpng quan he thuong mai vdi hien dai eiia My cung nhu nhiing khu vuc chau A dac biet la Trung Qudc phuang phdp quan ly tign tign hien dai vd thuong mai npi khdi. Ndm 2017, ddi dl phat trign san xuit. Vl thucmg mai. tdc thuomg mai hang ddu eua Argentina My van la ddi tdc sd mdt cua My la cac nude My Latinh, khu vuc chdu Latinh edn My Latinh van duy tri la ddi A, chdu Au, Brazil, Tmng Qudc, My. tac thuang mai khu vye sd hai eua My. Trong do. My chigm 7,74% nhdp khdu Tuy nhign, cdc nude My Latinh hien tuong duong 7,6 ty USD (Argentina nay ngay cang chil ddng ttong vige md nhdp khiu 12,3 ty USD hang Tmng rdng quan he thuomg mai vdi cac nude Quoc) va 11,4% xuit khiu tuang vd khu vye tren thi gidi, dac bigt Id duang 4,5 ty USD cua Argentina.* chau A dl gidm sy phy thupc vdo My. Tucmg ty, nam 2017, doi tac thuong Trong tuong lai gin se khd cd thi tiiay mai hdng dau ciia Brazil la khu vye ddi thyc trang thuomg mai My - My chdu A, chdu Au, Tmng Qudc, My, cac Latinh nhu hien nay. My ciing se rit nude My Latinh, Argentina. Trong dd. khd cd thg lay lai vj thi sd mdt vl My ehilm 16,66% nhdp khau tuong thuomg mai d nhiiu nude trong khu vye duang 25,1 ty USD va 12,47% xuit nhu Brazil, Argentina... Niu cdc ben khdu tuong duong 27,1 ty USD cila nd lye dl thiic diy quan he thucmg mai Brazil (Brazil nhdp khiu 27,3 ty USD cd nhiing phat triln dot biln cd le cin hdng hda Tmng Qudc vd xuit khiu 47,4 phdi cd su no lyc ldn va thdi gian dai ty USD hang hda sang Trung Quoc).' dl tao sy chuyin ddi ldn nay •. CHAU MY NGAY NAY. 19. Status and prospects". Caracas, Venezuela 18 Tai li$u tham khdo: October 2013, SP/SRREEUALC/DT N° 2-13 1. J.F Hombeck (2011). "U.S - Latin America 11. United States - Latin America and the Caribbean trade: Recent trend and Policy issues", February Trade Developments 2016-2017, https://reposi 8, 2011, Congressional research service torio,cepal.org/bitstream/handle/l 1362/43141/1/ S1701305_en.pdf 2. Foreign direct investment in Latin America and Caribbean 2010. ECLAC. United Nations. 12. United States- Latin America and the Caribbean 3. Statistic Bullentin; International merchandise trade developments 2018 https ://repositorio. trade in Latin America and the Caribbean, first cepal.Org/bitstream/handIe/lI362/44392/l/SI900 quarter 2011, CEPAL. 015_en.pdf 4. U.S - Latin America relations: A new direction 13.Danieia Estrella Morgan, March 2017, Trade for a new reality. Council on foreign relations. Developments In Latin America and the Independent task force report No.60 Caribbean https://wits.worldbank.org 5. "Latin america outlook 2010". Development 14.Bea.gov Centre of the Organisation for Economic Co- 15. https://ustr.gov/trade-agreements/free-tradeoperation and Development, OECD, 2010. agreements/ u. "Economic survey of Latin america and "Die Caribbean 2006-2007", ENCLAC, United Chil thich: Nations. 7, "Global Financial Crisis and Implications for 1. https://ustr.gov/countries-regions/americaa'mexico Developing Countries." G20 Finance's 2. https://wits.worldbank.org/CountryProfiIe/en/Cou Ministers Meeting. Sao Paulo, Brazil. ntry/USA/Year/2009/TradeFlow/EXPIMP# November, 2008. World Bank, http://www. 3. https://wits.worldbank.org/CountryProfile/en/Cou worldbank.org/html/extdr/financialcrisis/pdf7 ntry/USA/Year/2017/TradeFlow/EXPIMP# G20FinBackgroundpaper.pdf 4. https://wits.worldbank.org/CountryProfile/en/Cou 8, "Latin America beyond the crisis: Impacs, ntry/LCN/Year/2017/TradeFlow/EXPIMP policies and opportunities". The World bank, 5. https://ustr.gov/countries-regions/americas/mexico Washington DC, Compilation July 2009. 6. https;//ustr.gov/countries-regions/americas/bra2il 9, "Measuring Bazil's economy: Statistic and lies". 7. https://ustr.gov/countries-regions/americas/chile The economist, March 12* - 18*, 2011. \(i."Recent evolution of bilateral relations between 8. https://wits.worldbank.org/CountryProfile/en/Cou Latin America and the United States'". SELA for ntry/ARG/Year/2017/TradeFlow/EXPIMP Regional Meeting: "The United States economic 9. https://wits.worIdbank.org/CountryProfile/en/Cou relations with Latin America and the Caribbean. ntry/BRA/Year/2017madeFlow/EXPIMP#.